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WO2012006941A1 - 乘客座椅和组合坐卧两用座椅单元、多用座椅单元 - Google Patents

乘客座椅和组合坐卧两用座椅单元、多用座椅单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012006941A1
WO2012006941A1 PCT/CN2011/077049 CN2011077049W WO2012006941A1 WO 2012006941 A1 WO2012006941 A1 WO 2012006941A1 CN 2011077049 W CN2011077049 W CN 2011077049W WO 2012006941 A1 WO2012006941 A1 WO 2012006941A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seat
backrest
hinged
support
main link
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2011/077049
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张兴亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201180034301.0A priority Critical patent/CN103153697B/zh
Publication of WO2012006941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012006941A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/32—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use
    • B60N2/34—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use into a bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/20—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being tiltable, e.g. to permit easy access
    • B60N2/206—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being tiltable, e.g. to permit easy access to a position in which it can be used as a support for objects, e.g. as a tray
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/30—Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats
    • B60N2/3002—Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements
    • B60N2/3029—Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by composed movement
    • B60N2/3031—Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by composed movement in a longitudinal-vertical plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
    • B64D11/06—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
    • B64D11/06—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats
    • B64D11/0639—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats with features for adjustment or converting of seats
    • B64D11/064—Adjustable inclination or position of seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
    • B64D11/06—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats
    • B64D11/0639—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats with features for adjustment or converting of seats
    • B64D11/0641—Seats convertible into beds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a seat and its combination unit, system, and more particularly to a seat in a vehicle field, a theater, a theater, and the like, and a layout thereof. Background technique
  • the conventional seat includes a seat, a support, a backrest and a backrest bracket, and the backrest is connected to the support by the backrest bracket.
  • the seats are fixed to the ground or inside the vehicle and are arranged according to certain rules. In order to make the user more comfortable to use, most of the seat backs can be tilted back a certain angle; some high-end air seats also include a front legging device.
  • these seats have a commonality, that is, the large space is divided into separate small spaces, each of which is used by one user, and when the user is insufficient, the remaining seats are usually left idle. Waste of resources.
  • the prior art has disclosed a variety of techniques for increasing the angle of the backrest and the height of the legrests, thereby making them substantially coplanar with the seat, forming a generally flat bed for the user to lie down.
  • Seats made using these techniques are widely used in the first class of aircraft, which increases ride comfort, but the obvious disadvantage is that a single seat takes up more space and reduces the passenger capacity of the vehicle.
  • Schemes having the same disadvantages also include the scheme disclosed in the British Patent GB 2326824 A and the Chinese Patent Application No. 02815620.
  • British Patent No. 2,326,824 A discloses a seat unit for use in an aircraft first class, comprising a main seat and a second seat in front of the main seat, the main seat being placed opposite the second seat, The backrest of the main seat can be tilted back to the horizontal position at the maximum, and the front seat legging device can also be rotated to the horizontal position. At this time, the backrest, the seat, the legrest device and the second seat together form a comparison. A long surface that allows passengers to lie down.
  • the Chinese Patent No. 02815620. X discloses a seat including a main seat, a front support surface, and a rear support surface, by flipping the backrest of the main seat forward while the seat is moved downward, and the back cover is covered. On the seat, the rear surface of the main seat back and the front support surface and the rear support surface together form a support plane for the passenger to lie down.
  • the utility model patent of Chinese Patent No. 98240045. 4 discloses a combination seat which is composed of two seats placed front and rear, wherein the seat of the front seat and the support are connected by a slide rail, and the backrest can follow the chair Seat Slide forward and connect the rear and rear seats to form a sleeper.
  • This design can make full use of the empty seat when there are spare seats on the vehicle. According to the number of passengers, the comfort of some or all passengers can be improved.
  • the shape of the front surface of the backrest is not suitable for sleepers and the like.
  • U.S. Patent Publication No. US20040051003A1 discloses a solution in which the lower middle portion of the backrest is separably separated from the whole and can be flipped back to a horizontal position to form a reclining surface with the rear seat, but the backrest The design of the upper part of the program hindered the implementation of the program.
  • Japanese Patent No. JP2002225606A discloses a seat in which the backrest can be flipped forward to a horizontal position, and the backrest can be turned over by a four-bar linkage mechanism, but one connection point is directly arranged on the ground behind the seat, so only the arrangement is applicable. On the ground but not off the ground, and no other seats can be placed behind. Summary of the invention
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a seat and a combined seat and seat unit and system having high utilization, which can improve comfort, and a multi-purpose seat unit.
  • a combined day and night seat unit for achieving the purpose, comprising a front seat and a rear seat arranged front and rear, the front seat being a day and rear seat, including a seat, a seat, a backrest and a backrest bracket
  • the seat is disposed on the support by the support
  • the backrest is disposed on the support by the back support, wherein the back support includes a main link, and the lower portion of the main link
  • the seat is hinged to allow the upper portion of the main link to be flipped back about the seat
  • the backrest is hinged to the upper portion of the main link to allow the upper portion of the backrest to be flipped forward about the main link, thereby
  • the rear side of the backrest is combined with the upper side of the seat of the rear seat and the front side of the backrest of the rear seat, that is, the seating surface of the rear seat, to form a support surface for lying down.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the front seat further comprises a recliner disposed between the seat and the main link to adjust the main link and the seat The angle between.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that: the reclining device comprises a controllable telescopic rod having a locking function, and one end of the controllable telescopic rod is hinged with the main connecting rod. The other end of the controllable telescopic rod is hinged to the support, and the angle adjuster further includes an operating lever for controlling the locking and releasing state of the controllable telescopic rod.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that: the backrest bracket comprises at least one main connecting rod and an auxiliary connecting rod, a tilting rod, and a lower part of the main connecting rod and the supporting seat are hinged, the main connecting rod Upper and back Hinged, the upper end of the auxiliary link is hinged to the back and the lower end is hinged to one end of the inclined rod, the other end of the inclined rod is hingedly supported, and the second end of the controllable telescopic rod is hinged to the inclined rod, the main link, the backrest, the auxiliary link, the tilt A link mechanism having a degree of freedom of at least 1 is formed between the rod and the support.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the combined reclining seat unit further comprises a backrest locking and unlocking device disposed between the backrest and the main link for prohibiting and allowing The upper portion of the backrest is turned forward about the main link.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that: the backrest locking and unlocking device comprises a lock bar fixing device, a lock bar, a handle and a lifting feedback device disposed on the backrest, the lock bar is composed of The lock bar fixing device is fixed on the backrest and movable relative to the backrest, and the lock bar is further inserted into a first lock hole disposed on a transverse link of the main link or the main link connecting the two sides of the backrest, So that the backrest is fixed relative to the main link, the handle is used to lift the lock bar to cause the lock bar to exit the first lock hole, and the lift feedback device is configured to perform the lock bar after the lock bar is lifted Reset.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the front side of the seat of the rear seat is further provided with a second locking hole for receiving the locking bar.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that: the backrest locking and unlocking device comprises a base, a handle, a pulling wire and a locking tongue disposed on the backrest, the base being fixed on the backrest
  • the handle is disposed on the base and hinged with the base, and the locking tongue is inserted into a locking hole disposed on a transverse link of the main link or the main link connecting the backrests of the backrest, so that the handle The backrest is fixed relative to the main link, and the pull wire pulls down the lock tongue to withdraw the lock hole.
  • the seat-receiving seat unit is further characterized in that: the backrest locking and unlocking device further comprises a main connecting rod conventional backward tilting maximum angle limiting pin, and the limiting pin is normally extended to define the main connection
  • the rod is normally tilted to a maximum angle
  • the limit pin is connected to the handle through a pull wire, and the pull wire is pulled down by the handle to retract the limit pin into the support to release the maximum backward limit of the main link.
  • the limit pin changes the relative position of the limit pin and the main link when the main link is at the maximum backward tilt angle, and the limit pin functions to limit the main caster at the maximum backward tilt angle.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the backrest bracket further comprises an auxiliary connecting rod, the auxiliary connecting rod and the main connecting rod, the supporting base and the backrest constitute a connection with a degree of freedom of at least 1. Rod mechanism.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the backrest bracket further comprises a single auxiliary unit a lever, the upper end of the auxiliary link is hinged to the backrest, the lower end of the auxiliary link is slidably coupled to the sliding groove of the support, and the degree of freedom is formed between the main link, the backrest, the auxiliary link, and the chute on the support A linkage of at least 1.
  • the seatback unit has a further feature that the backrest bracket further comprises a single auxiliary link, the upper end of the single auxiliary link is hinged to the backrest, and the lower end of the single auxiliary link is disposed at the support
  • the upper sliding sleeve is slidably coupled, and the sliding slot is rotatable relative to the support.
  • the main connecting rod, the backrest, the auxiliary connecting rod and the sliding sleeve on the support form a linkage mechanism having a degree of freedom of at least 1.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the backrest bracket further comprises a free telescopic rod, the upper end of the free telescopic rod is hinged to the backrest, the lower end is hinged to the support, the main link, the backrest, and the free extension
  • a link mechanism having a degree of freedom of at least 1 is formed between the rod and the support.
  • the seat-receiving seat unit is further characterized in that the backrest bracket further comprises a first auxiliary link and a second auxiliary link, the upper end of the first auxiliary link and the backrest are hinged, the lower end and the second auxiliary The upper end of the connecting rod is connected, the lower end of the second auxiliary connecting rod is hinged to the support, and the link mechanism having a degree of freedom of at least 1 is formed between the main connecting rod, the backrest, the first auxiliary connecting rod, the second auxiliary connecting rod and the support .
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit is further characterized in that the auxiliary link comprises a free structure and a controllable structure, and the controllable structure is a controllable telescopic rod.
  • the seatback unit is further characterized in that the backrest bracket further comprises a rope reel, the rope reel is disposed on one of the backrest and the support, and leads the flexible connecting belt to connect to And the other of the backrest and the support, the rope reel device tightens the flexible connecting belt by a first elastic tightening mechanism, and the degree of freedom between the main connecting rod, the backrest, the flexible connecting belt and the support is at least 1 A connection mechanism similar to a link mechanism.
  • the seatback unit further characterized in that the backrest bracket further comprises a controllable rope reel, the controllable rope reel is disposed on the backrest and the other of the support, and leads out
  • the flexible connecting belt is connected to the rope reel, the controllable rope reel tightens the flexible connecting belt by a second elastic tightening mechanism, and the controllable rope reel is provided with a release mechanism to control the flexible connecting strip to extend length.
  • the seat-receiving seat unit is further characterized in that: the lower side of the back of the backrest is provided with a reversible rigid sheet-like structure, and the lower side of the sheet-like structure and the lower side of the backrest are hinged, and the sheet-like structure The upper side is detachably fastened to the back side of the backrest.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit is further characterized in that: a rear cover of the backrest is attached with a back surface
  • the flexible sheet-like structure is fixedly connected to one end of the sheet-like structure and the horizontal intermediate position of the back surface of the back cover, and the sheet-like structure can be turned upside down or downwardly and detachably fixedly connected to the upper end or the lower end of the back cover, respectively.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 4, the rear end of the lower end of the backrest 1 protrudes downward, and is inverted "L" shape, and the lower end of the backrest 1 is behind the seat 2 The end half is surrounded, and the rear end of the seat 2 is a slope which is inclined downward at the lower portion.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit is further characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 2, the main link and the backrest 1 hinge structure 41 can be equipped with a set position rotation shaft, preferably a 180-degree double position rotation shaft, the position Damping devices can also be installed.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit is further characterized in that a seat belt is preferably arranged on the seat-riding seat, and can be used to adjust the position of the body seat belt to the seat. Or limit the human leg to the seat.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit is further characterized in that the main connecting rod, the connecting rod, the tilting rod and the auxiliary connecting rod are not limited in shape, and may be a straight rod or a curved rod, and the connection state is the same and the function is The same simple transformation is also within the scope of the invention, and it is preferred that the main link 4 has a bend in a "7" shape.
  • the seat-receiving seat unit is further characterized in that, preferably, any one of the upper sides of the seat back portion does not protrude outwardly from the lower portion of the same side backrest, and the backrest bracket is connected to the side of the seat back, and the bracket protrudes from Side of the seat.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that either side of the upper portion of the seat back is protruded outward from the lower portion of the same side back, and the back bracket is connected to the lower portion of the lower side of the seat back.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the armrest is preferably provided on the side of the backrest 1 , and one end of the armrest is hinged to the middle of the backrest, and the other end is a free end, which can be fixed in the middle horizontal position, and is upwardly folded. position.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit is further characterized in that the armrest is preferably provided on the side of the backrest 1 , and one end of the armrest is hinged to the middle of the backrest, and the other end is a free end, which can be fixed in the middle horizontal position, and is closed downward. The position is raised, and its longitudinal cross-section is viewed from the back to the front as an inverted "L" shape.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the armrest is preferably provided on the side of the backrest 1 , and one end or a corner of the armrest is hinged to the support 3 , and the armrest is integrally rotatably lifted and fixed in the use and stowed position.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that the armrest is preferably provided on the side of the backrest 1 and connected to the support 3 through the chute, and the armrest can be raised and lowered along the curve and fixed in the use and stowed position.
  • the reclining seat unit is further characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 14, at least one side of the upper back of the backrest 1 is preferably provided with an armrest 19, preferably the armrest 19 is parallel or slightly angled with the longitudinal centerline of the backrest 1. Set for use by rear seat users.
  • the seat-receiving seat unit is further characterized in that the lower end of the armrest provided at the back of the upper portion of the backrest 1 is preferably provided with a hook for use by the rear seat user.
  • the multi-purpose seat unit of the present invention is composed of a seat-mounted dual-purpose seat unit having any of the above features and an additional front seat, which is placed in front of the seat-riding seat and can be rotated 180 degrees to Backward position.
  • the multi-purpose seat unit of the present invention is composed of a plurality of seat-mounted seat units having any of the above-mentioned features, and the front and rear seats of each of the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat units are seats for dual use. , and the seat back height is the same as the seat spacing in the same direction of the seat.
  • a backrest of the present invention can be flipped forwardly to a flat passenger seat, including a support structure, a seat, a backrest, and a backrest bracket, characterized in that: the support structure is used to support the component to leave the vehicle.
  • the backrest bracket includes at least one connecting rod, and the connecting rod is hinged with the supporting structure, so that the whole of the connecting rod and the backrest can be inclined rearward about the hinge structure axis, the connecting rod is also hinged with the backrest, and the backrest can be The axis of the hinge structure is translated between a generally vertical standing position and a generally horizontal prone position.
  • the passenger seat is further characterized in that: the backrest bracket includes at least one connecting rod and is hinged to the at least one controllable telescopic rod, and the hinge position is at the middle or lower end of the connecting rod,
  • the connecting rod can be tilted backwards under the control of the telescopic rod, and the angle of inclination can be such that the hinge structure and the seat are substantially horizontally equal, in which the backrest is reversed forward, and the backrest can be substantially vertical. The transition between the standing position and the generally horizontal prone position.
  • the passenger seat is further characterized in that: the backrest bracket further comprises at least one auxiliary connecting rod, the upper part of the auxiliary connecting rod is hinged with the backrest, the lower end is hinged with the supporting structure, and the connecting rod is hinged and different from the connecting rod
  • the at least one set of four hinge structures form four vertices of a variable quadrilateral, and the line connecting the four points forms a variable quadrilateral capable of supporting the backrest in a substantially vertical standing position and a substantially horizontal prone position. Conversion between.
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link, and a lower portion of the main link is hinged with the support to allow the upper portion of the main link to be turned backwards around the support, thereby changing the main connection of the back support Rod Angle, that is, rotating the main link backward to rotate the backrest bracket and the backrest around the support, after rotating to a predetermined position (substantially horizontal position), and the backrest is hinged with the upper portion of the main link to allow the backrest
  • the upper portion can be turned forward around the main link, so that the backrest locking and unlocking device can be further operated to unlock the backrest and the backrest bracket, and the backrest is rotated forward to make the backrest prone on the seat, thereby making the back side of the backrest
  • the upper side of the seat of the rear seat and the front side of the backrest of the rear seat, that is, the seating surface of the rear seat, are combined to form a support surface for lying down.
  • the present invention can be used in a vehicle field, a theater, a theater, and the like, and makes full use of spare seats when the attendance rate of a vehicle, a theater, a theater, and the like is less than 100%, thereby improving the comfort of some or all users.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined seat and seat unit
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of a seat in a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a view showing a lying state of the combined sitting and lying seat unit in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the lower end of the backrest of the seat shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are structural views of a modification of the backrest auxiliary connecting device of FIG. 2;
  • Figure 10 is a structural view of a seat in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a view showing a lying state of the combined reclining seat unit in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a structural view of a seat in a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a view showing the lying state of the combined seat type dual-purpose seat unit in the third embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a structural view of the seat cover in the fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a system diagram of a combined sitting and lying seat in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a structural view showing a backrest locking and unlocking device according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 and Figure 18 are views showing the configuration of a combined state of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the "support” may be referred to as a "support structure”, and the technical meanings of the two terms are substantially the same; the “link” and the “connecting rod” have substantially the same meaning; similar to the “main link”,
  • the technical terms such as “auxiliary link” are the distinction between the links at different positions, which does not mean that the shape of these links must be Differently, the application of "seat” is not limited by its naming. It can be used in public places such as theaters and vehicles. Therefore, it can be called “passenger seat” or other seats depending on its application. Sit-up seat or “seat-seat” seat “may be called “combined sit-up passenger seat” or “sitting passenger seat” or “backrest can be flipped forward Passenger seat”.
  • a seat for a reclining apparatus includes a seat 3, a seat 2, a backrest 1 and a backrest bracket.
  • the specific configuration of the seat 2 and the backrest 1 can be designed with reference to existing seats, such as a foaming member including a skeleton and a cladding frame, and a surface covering layer.
  • the support 3 is used to support the seat 2 and the backrest 1 away from the floor or the floor of the vehicle.
  • the support 3 may be a fixture, a bracket that protrudes from the floor of the ground or the vehicle, or a bracket that is disposed on the slide rail in an adjustable position.
  • the seat 2 is placed on the support 3 and can be either a fixed setting or a slide rail with adjustable position.
  • the adjustable position of the slide rail can be adjusted for front and rear two-way or left and right bidirectional position or four-way position of front, rear, left and right, and the support 3 can also have height adjustment or rotation function.
  • the backrest bracket includes at least one main link 4, the lower portion of the main link 4 and the support 3 are hinged to the hinge structure 42, the upper end of the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are hinged to the hinge structure 41, and the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are composed
  • the whole body can be tilted backwards about the axis of the hinge structure 42.
  • the backrest 1 can be inverted about the axis of the hinge structure 41. Under the joint action of the hinge structures 41, 42 and the main link 4, the backrest can be in a substantially vertical standing state (Fig. 1).
  • the shift between the seat on the right side and the generally horizontal prone position shown in the left seat in Figure 1).
  • the backrest 1 covers all or part of the seat when it is substantially horizontally lying down.
  • the combined reclining seat unit provided by the present invention is composed of a front seat 200 and a rear seat 100, wherein the front seat 200 is a reclining chair provided by the present invention, and a rear seat.
  • the chair 100 can be a reclining chair provided by the present invention, or can be a general seat.
  • the rear seat 100 is provided with a locking hole 20 at a corresponding position on the front of the seat.
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 show a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the sit-up seat shown in Fig. 2 includes a backrest 1, a seat 2, a support 3 and a backrest bracket.
  • the backrest bracket comprises at least one main link 4, preferably two, arranged on either side of the backrest 1, and the two main links 4 can be independent of each other or can be fixedly connected by a transverse link 47 (Fig. 16) for synchronous movement.
  • a recliner is provided between the backrest bracket and the support, which can be set on one side or on both sides.
  • recliners There are two types of recliners that can be set, one is a recliner that adjusts the angle with a controllable telescopic rod.
  • Controllable telescopic rod is an industrial accessory that can support, and adjust the angle. It is usually capable of passive compression or stretching and main Dynamic recovery, with maximum extension length and minimum contraction length to limit the range of control equipment. With some release mechanisms, it can be stopped and locked at specific or any position in the stroke, representing the product as a controllable gas spring. As shown in FIG.
  • the lower end or the lower middle portion of at least one main link 4 is hinged to the hinge structure 52 at one end (right end) of the at least one controllable telescopic rod 5.
  • the other end (left end) of the controllable telescopic rod 5 and the support 3 are hinged at the hinge structure 51.
  • the left end of the controllable telescopic rod 5 is provided with an outer cylinder control element of the controllable telescopic rod 5 to control its release mechanism to realize locking and unlocking of the controllable telescopic rod 5, and the outer cylinder control element is connected to the operating rod 53, the lower end of the operating rod 53 Hinged on the support 3, the operating lever 53 acts as a lever, which easily controls the out-of-cylinder control element of the controllable telescopic rod 5.
  • the controllable telescopic rod 5 When the release mechanism of the controllable telescopic rod 5 is in the released state, the controllable telescopic rod 5 can be A force is applied to one end to elongate or compress the controllable telescopic rod 5, and the controllable telescopic rod 5 maintains a fixed length when the release mechanism of the controllable telescopic rod 5 is in the locked state.
  • the operating lever 53 can be replaced with other operating members such as buttons or knobs.
  • a backrest locking and unlocking device is disposed between the backrest 1 and the backrest bracket.
  • the backrest locking and unlocking device includes a handle 11, a lifting feedback device 12, a lock lever 14, a lock lever fixing device 13, and a lock hole. 40, 20.
  • the lock lever 14 is mostly located in a concealed passage inside the backrest 1. In the embodiment as shown, the lock lever 14 extends from the bottom side of the backrest 1 to the upper side, and the handle 11 is connected to the upper side of the backrest 1, the handle 11 is partially exposed to the backrest 1, and the operating handle 11 can lift the lock lever 14 upward.
  • the lower end of the lock lever 14 is extendable from the backrest 1 and inserted into the keyhole 40 of the main link 4 or the transverse link 47, and cooperates with the hinge structure 41 to fix the backrest 1 to the main link 4 on.
  • the operating lever 53 is pulled to unlock the controllable telescopic rod 5, and the backrest 1 together with the main link 4 is rotated rearward from the position shown in FIG.
  • the operating handle 11 moves the lock lever 14 in the backrest 1 to be disengaged from the lock hole 40, at which time the backrest 1 can be rotated about the axis of the hinge structure 41 until the backrest 1 is lying on the seat 2.
  • the lock lever fixing device 13 restrains the lock lever 14 in the passage of the backrest 1, so that the lock lever 14 can only move in the direction in which the designed passage extends, and serves as a guide.
  • the lift feedback device 12 is, for example, a return spring. When the handle 11 is released, the lock lever 14 can be reset by the lift feedback device 12, i.e., the lower end of the lock lever 14 projects from the backrest 1.
  • the controllable telescopic rod 5 is in the shortest state and locked, the main link 4 is in a substantially vertical state and is locked, the backrest 1 is in a substantially vertical state and the lock lever 14 is extended. It is inserted into the keyhole 40 of the main link 4 or the transverse link 47 to lock the backrest 1 and the main link 4, and at this time, the seat can be seated by the passenger in a sitting position.
  • the operating lever 53 is pulled to unlock the controllable telescopic rod 5, and the backrest 1 is tilted rearwardly.
  • the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are tilted rearward about the hinge structure 42 to be substantially equal to the hinge structure 41 and the rear seat.
  • release The operating lever 53 locks the controllable telescopic rod 5 so that the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are kept tilted rearward.
  • the lock lever 14 After the handle 11 is pulled, the lock lever 14 is retracted, and the upper end of the backrest is pulled toward the front of the seat to rotate the backrest 1 about the hinge structure 41 to a substantially horizontal prone position, while the lock lever 14 and the lock hole 20 disposed on the rear seat 100 Aligning, releasing the handle 11, lifting the feedback device 12, the lock lever 14 is extended, and inserted into the lock hole 20 disposed on the rear seat, the front seat back is changed from the substantially vertical state to the substantially horizontal prone state and locked .
  • the controllable telescopic rod 5 is unlocked, and the backrest 1 is tilted backwards.
  • the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are tilted backwards around the hinge structure 42.
  • the operation is released.
  • the lever 53 locks the controllable telescopic rod 5 so that the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are kept tilted rearward.
  • the seat unit is transformed into two devices for the passenger to lie down by two front and rear adjacent seats, as shown in FIG. 3, by the opposite step, the seat unit can be used for the passenger to lie.
  • the lying device is transformed into two adjacent front and rear independent seats.
  • the seat operating lever 53 can also be operated to unlock the controllable telescopic rod 5, and the backrest 1 is tilted rearward, and the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are tilted rearward about the hinge structure 42 at the tilt After a certain angle, the operating lever 53 is released to lock the controllable telescopic rod 5, so that the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are kept inclined rearward, as in the rear seat of FIG. At this time, when the passenger can sit in the seat in a sitting position, the ride comfort is appropriately increased.
  • recliner that can be placed between the backrest bracket and the support 3 is generally a part of the seat back coupling plate, the seat coupling plate, the core piece, the hand wheel or the adjustment handle, the return spring, etc. (at some low cost In the seat, the seat back coupling plate, the seat coupling plate is generally integrated into the backrest frame and the seat frame) (the device is not shown), the continuity adjusted by the angle can be divided into the stepwise adjustment angle adjustment And stepless adjustment of the angle adjuster.
  • the step-regulating recliner controls the locking or unlocking of the device through the handle or lever, and realizes the non-continuous adjustment of the angle of the car seat back. It is a common configuration of all major models.
  • the stepless adjustment recliner is driven by a hand wheel or a motor to achieve continuous adjustment of the angle of the backrest of the car seat, which is the mainstream configuration of the current high-end models.
  • At least one main link 4 is disposed on the support 3 by this type of recliner, and the backrest lock and unlocking means are disposed inside the backrest 1.
  • the reclining angle of the main link 4 and the backrest 1 can be changed by adjusting the recliner to appropriately increase the riding comfort.
  • 5 to 9 show various modifications of the first embodiment. They are based on the first embodiment to add at least one auxiliary connecting device, which is located on the side of the seat, in the position shown by the circle in FIG. 4, and can be a single auxiliary connecting rod, a double auxiliary connecting rod, and multiple auxiliary connecting rods. Or any of the flexible connecting straps, at least one of the two connections between the auxiliary connecting device and the backrest and the support 3 is an active connection.
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4 and a single auxiliary link 43, the upper end of the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are hinged, the lower end is hinged to the controllable telescopic rod 5, and the lower middle portion is hinged to the support 3.
  • the upper end of the single auxiliary link 43 is hinged to the backrest 1, and the lower end is movably coupled to a chute 9 on the holder 3.
  • the main link 4, the backrest 1, the single auxiliary link 43, and the support 3 constitute a four-bar linkage having a degree of freedom of at least 1 (for example, 1 or 2).
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4 and a single auxiliary link 44.
  • the lower end of the single auxiliary link 44 is rotatably disposed on the support 3.
  • the connecting block 15 is slidably coupled to the lower end of the single auxiliary link 44 to limit the single auxiliary link 44 from slipping out of the connecting block 15.
  • a link mechanism having a degree of freedom of at least 1 is formed between the main link, the backrest, the auxiliary link, and the sliding sleeve on the support.
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4 and a free telescopic rod 45.
  • the upper end of the main link 4 is hinged to the backrest 1, and the lower middle portion is hinged to the support 3.
  • the upper end of the free telescopic rod 45 is hinged to the backrest 1 and the lower end is hinged to the holder 3.
  • a link mechanism having a degree of freedom of at least 1 is formed between the main link, the backrest, the free telescopic rod and the support.
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4 and a first auxiliary connecting rod 46, a second auxiliary connecting rod 47, an upper end hinged backrest 1 of the first auxiliary connecting rod 46, and a lower end hinged second auxiliary connecting rod 47.
  • End the other end of the second auxiliary connecting rod 47 opposite to its movable end hinges the support 3, and since the support 3 is immovable, the end of the second auxiliary connecting rod 47 can be referred to as a fixed end.
  • the main link 4, the backrest 1, the first auxiliary connecting rod 46, the second auxiliary connecting rod 47, and the support 5 constitute a five-bar linkage having a degree of freedom of at least 1 (for example, 1 or 2).
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4 and a reeling device 16, and the reeling device 16 is mounted on the support 3, and a flexible connecting strap 48 is taken out from the reeling device 16 to be connected to the backrest 1, the reeling device 16 accommodating the flexible connecting belt 48 by an automatic rewinding member such as a coil spring, so that the length of the ejecting flexible connecting belt 48 caused by the rotation of the backrest 1 can be adaptively changed, between the main connecting rod, the backrest, the flexible connecting belt and the support
  • another embodiment of the backrest locking and unlocking device includes an inner portion of the backrest and an outer extension portion of the backrest, including a base 171, a handle 172, a pull wire 173, a lock tongue 175, and the like.
  • the base 171 is embedded in the backrest 1 and the opening is flush with the rear surface of the backrest 1.
  • the handle 172 is disposed in the base 171, and is hinged to the hinge shaft 170 with the base 171.
  • the pull wire 173 is connected to the handle 172 and is controlled by the handle. Handcuffs One end of the handle (shown as the lower end), the end is tilted, and the other end is rotated about the hinge shaft 170 to drive the pull wire 173.
  • the pull wire 173 is connected to the lock tongue 175 which is disposed at the bottom of the backrest and protrudes into the lock hole 40, and the pull wire 173 is driven. Thereafter, the locking tongue 175 is retracted from the locking hole 40 following the pull wire 173, and the backrest 1 is unlocked, at which time the backrest 1 is rotatable about the hinge structure 41.
  • the backrest locking and unlocking device further includes another pull wire 178, which can be connected with other accessories connected to the handle 172 or the pull wire 173 or the pull wire 173, and follow the handle synchronous action, and the pull wire 178 extends to the release of the controllable telescopic rod 5.
  • the backrest locking and unlocking device may further comprise a conventional rearward tilting maximum angle limit pin 177 of the main link 4, which is fixed on the side of the support 3, generally arranged on one side, or both sides, and usually extended, in the main connection Behind the rod 4, above the hinge structure 42 (or in front of the main link, below the hinge structure 42), is used to define the maximum tilt angle of the main link 4 when the backrest 1 is not flipped forward.
  • the limit pin 177 is controlled by the handle 172 by the pull wire 178.
  • the pull wire 178 drives the limit pin to the support 3 to release the maximum backward limit of the main link 4.
  • the handle 172 is released, and the limit pin 177 is extended.
  • the limit pin 177 is above the main link 4, behind the hinge structure 42 (or below the main link, in front of the hinge structure 42), The main link 4 is limited to a predetermined back tilt angle range.
  • a maximum inclination angle limiting device 179 for the main link 4 may also be disposed on the support 3, the device being fixed on the support 3, below the front hinge structure 42 of the main link 4 or above the hinge structure 42 of the main link 4, and the support 3 is formed integrally, and the angle restricting means 179 is a fixing means or protrusion which is incapable of moving and defines the maximum inclination angle of the main link 4 only when the backrest 1 is folded forward to the horizontal position.
  • the support 3 can also be provided with a minimum inclination angle limiting device 1710 for the main link 4, which is fixed on the support 3, in front of the main link 4, above the hinge structure 42 or behind the main link 4, below the hinge structure 42, with
  • the support 3 is formed integrally, and the angle restricting means 1710 is a fixing means or protrusion which is incapable of moving and defines the minimum inclination angle of the main link 4 only when the backrest 1 is not folded forward.
  • the angle limiting device 179 and the angle limiting device 1710 can be connected in one piece.
  • the embodiment may further include a handle 172 locking device, including a lock cylinder 174, a locking tongue 175, a key, the lock cylinder is a universal double-edged, triangular, four-corner lock cylinder or a special lock cylinder, and with the corresponding key, the key is inserted and rotated
  • the core drives the bolt 175 to lock or unlock the handle 172.
  • the reclining seat is usually in a state in which the backrest 1 stands substantially vertically, and the backrest 1, the backrest bracket, the backrest locking and the unlocking device are locked, and can be used as a rear seat or a single unit of the combined reclining seat unit.
  • Seat By using, the reclining angle of the main link 4 and the backrest 1 can be changed by adjusting the recliner, and the ride comfort is appropriately increased.
  • the handle 172 When used as a front seat of the combined reclining seat unit, the handle 172 is first unlocked with a key. As described above, the handle 172 can unlock the backrest 1 while unlocking the recliner between the backrest bracket and the support 3. And the conventional back tilt angle limitation of the backrest and backrest brackets is removed, and the backrest bracket is placed under the action of the recliner restoring force and the angle limiting device (including one of the recliner angle limiting device and the external angle limiting device or both) The minimum angle of tilting is the minimum angle state of the main link 4 backward tilting. When the backrest 1 is turned forward by the force, the backrest 1 is rotated by the central axis of the hinge structure 41, and the auxiliary connecting device is extended.
  • the auxiliary connecting device When the backrest 1 is rotated to the predetermined position, the auxiliary connecting device reaches the longest extension state and cannot continue to stretch. At this time, the back link 1, the main link 4, the support 3 and the auxiliary connecting device constitute a four-link structure having a degree of freedom of at least 1. When the backrest 1 is continuously turned, the four-bar linkage mechanism is deformed and finally deformed into the backrest 1 Horizontal prone.
  • the seat unit can be converted into two adjacent front and rear independent seats by means of a device for the passenger to lie down chair.
  • the seat of Fig. 10 can be used as the front seat of Fig. 11, the seat type of Fig. 11 and the ordinary seat of the rear seat or seat
  • the reclining seat constitutes a combined sitting and reclining seat unit.
  • the seat includes a backrest 1, a seat 2, a support 3, and a backrest bracket.
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4, an auxiliary link 6, and a tilt lever 7.
  • the upper end of the main link 4 is hinged to the backrest 1 (at the hinge structure 41)
  • the lower end is hinged to the support 3 (at the hinge structure 42)
  • the upper end of the auxiliary link 6 is hinged to the backrest 1 (at the hinge structure 61)
  • One end of the tilting lever 7 is hinged to the lower end of the auxiliary link 6 (at the hinge structure 62)
  • the other end is hinged to the support 3, preferably hinged to the hinge structure 42, or hinged to other positions on the support 3.
  • the main link 4, the auxiliary link 6, the tilting lever 7, and the backrest 1 constitute a four-bar linkage having a degree of freedom of at least 1 (for example, 1 or 2), and the controllable telescopic rod 5 hinges the tilting lever 7 to the hinge structure 42.
  • the components that control the retractable state of the controllable telescopic rod 5 are not shown in the figure.
  • Preferably, only the main link is provided on the other side of the seat, and the two main links are fixedly connected by the transverse link 47 (shown in Fig. 16) for synchronous movement. It is also possible to provide the structure of the backrest bracket shown in Fig. 10 on both sides of the seat.
  • the backrest locking device as described in the first embodiment is not shown in FIG.
  • the backrest keyhole 40 may be located on the main link 4 or the transverse link 47, or on the auxiliary link 6 or the transverse link connecting the two auxiliary links 6.
  • the seat unit is transformed into two devices for the passenger to lie down by two front and rear adjacent seats, as shown in FIG. 11, by the opposite step, the seat unit can be used for the passenger to lie.
  • the lying device is transformed into two adjacent front and rear independent seats.
  • the components of the release mechanism of the controllable telescopic rod 5 can be operated to control the telescopic rod. 5 unlocking, and tilting the backrest 1 backwards, the backrest bracket and the backrest 1 are inclined rearward about the hinge structure 42. After tilting at a certain angle, the component that locks the telescopic state of the controllable telescopic rod 5 is locked and the controllable telescopic rod is released. 5. Keep the backrest bracket and the backrest 1 in a state of being inclined rearward to appropriately increase the riding comfort.
  • Figures 12 and 13 show a third embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 shows a combined day and night seat
  • Figure 13 shows a combined day and night seat unit.
  • the rear seat in Fig. 13 can be the seat shown in Fig. 12 like the front seat, or it can be a normal seat.
  • the seat includes a backrest 1, a seat 2, a support 3, and a backrest bracket.
  • the backrest bracket includes a main link 4.
  • the main link 4 and the backrest 1 are connected by a recliner 5, the lower end of the main link and the right end of the controllable telescopic rod 5 are hinged at the hinge structure 52, and the lower middle portion of the main link 4 and the support 3 are at the hinge structure 42.
  • the left end 51 of the controllable telescopic rod 5 is hinged to the support 3.
  • the left end 51 of the controllable telescopic rod 5 can be connected to the operating member as described in the first embodiment to control the release mechanism of the controllable telescopic rod 5.
  • the structure of the backrest bracket shown in Fig. 12 can be arranged on both sides of the seat.
  • Fig. 12 shows only one side of the seat, and can also be arranged on one side, and only the main link 4 is provided on the other side, and two main links are provided.
  • the connection is fixed by the transverse link and synchronized.
  • the lower portion of the backrest 1 is provided with a reversible rigid sheet-like structure 10, the lower side of the sheet-like structure 10 and the lower side
  • the lower side of the back 1 is hinged and has a rotating shaft 100.
  • the upper side of the sheet structure 10 may be coupled to the back side of the backrest 1 by a detachable fixed connecting member such as a hook, a hook or a snap, or a seat-like small table design, the rotating shaft 100 may be used.
  • a 180 degree positioning shaft and a damping device are installed in the middle to realize opening and closing of the sheet structure 10.
  • the working position of the reclining seat shown in Fig. 12 is to loosen the recliner 5, press the backrest 1 forward to a substantially horizontal prone position, and then, the sheet-like structure 10 is turned backward, on the upper of the sheet-like structure 10.
  • the side is overlapped on the seat 2 of the rear seat.
  • the sheet structure 10, the rear surface of the backrest of the front seat, the upper surface of the seat 2 of the rear seat, and the front surface of the backrest 1 of the rear seat form a support surface for reclining.
  • the reclining device or the controllable telescopic rod 5 can also be adjusted to tilt the backrest 1 backward by a certain angle, suitably Increase ride comfort.
  • the main link 4 can also be directly fixedly coupled to the support 3 to form an integral body with the support 3.
  • Fig. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the seat can be equipped with a seat cover, which includes a seat cover and a back cover, etc., which are respectively sleeved on the seat 2 and the backrest 1, and can be detached for convenient cleaning.
  • a flexible sheet-like structure 17 is attached to the intermediate position of the back surface of the back cover, and one end of the sheet-like structure 17 is fixedly connected to the horizontal intermediate position of the back surface of the back cover, and the sheet-like structure 17 as a whole can be upward. (downwardly folded) and downward (upwardly folded) are flipped and detachably fixedly coupled to the upper or lower end of the backrest, respectively, and the attachment means 18 is typically a button or magnet.
  • the sheet structure 17 is flipped down to the lower portion of the back cover, and the rear surface of the back cover is the upper half of the back surface of the back cover and a surface of the sheet structure 17 (the sheet structure 17 shown in Fig. 14).
  • the surface a composed of the upper surface
  • the sheet structure 17 is turned upside down and connected to the upper portion of the back cover, and at this time, the rear surface of the entire back cover is the rear surface of the back cover
  • the surface b composed of the lower half and the other surface of the sheet structure 17 (the lower surface of the sheet structure 17 shown in Fig. 14), the surface a and the surface b are two completely different surfaces.
  • the system includes a plurality of combined day and night seat units, and the front seat in each unit may be the seat type seat according to any of the foregoing embodiments, and the seat unit may be separately arranged. Or arranged side by side or staggered.
  • the seat in the intermediate position shown in Fig. 15 may be a single seat or a multi-person seat.
  • the flexible connecting belt 48 is provided with a controllable rope reel 17 at the other end.
  • the controllable rope reel 17 also relies on a coil spring to retract the flexible connecting strip 48, and is additionally provided with a release mechanism, the controllable rope reel 17 being a common component.
  • the flexible connecting band 48 can be pulled out or retracted only when the controllable reel 17 release mechanism is in the released state.
  • the release mechanism can control the length of the flexible connecting strip 48 in the controllable rope reel 17 to be pulled out to any length or predetermined length, preferably by two predetermined lengths.
  • the height of the seat back 1 is also required to be the same as that of the seat in the same direction of the seat, and the front portion of the backrest 1 (top of the upright) is also provided with a locking hole 21.
  • the backrest locking and unlocking mechanism is unlocked, the backrest 1 is turned forward, and the release mechanism of the controllable rope reel 17 is operated to release the mechanism in the release state.
  • the flexible connecting belt 48 can be pulled out, and when the first predetermined length is reached, the locking release mechanism continues to flip the backrest 1 to the horizontal position. At this time, the backrest 1 is in the state shown in the seat of FIG. 17, and the adjacent operations are sequentially operated.
  • Each of the sit-up seats forms a flat support surface for lying down.
  • the intermediate seat when using the flexible connecting strap with the second predetermined length, usually requires the additional front seat support to have a rotating function.
  • the backrest locking and unlocking mechanism is unlocked, the backrest 1 is turned forward, and the release mechanism of the controllable rope reel 17 is operated to release the mechanism in the release state.
  • the flexible connecting belt 48 can be pulled out, and when the second predetermined length is reached, the locking release mechanism continues to flip the backrest 1 to the horizontal position.
  • the backrest 1 is in the state shown in the middle seat in FIG. 18, and can be used as The table is for use by rear seat passengers. With the height adjustment of the support and the rotation of the front seat support, it can be used as a whole set of tables and chairs for multiple passengers.
  • the two predetermined lengths and the required structural features described in this embodiment may be set separately or simultaneously, without affecting each other, or may not be set to a predetermined length.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat shown in Figures 5 and 6 can be implemented by replacing the single auxiliary links 43, 44 with a controllable telescopic rod.
  • the seat-mounted dual-purpose seat shown in Fig. 8 can achieve the above functions by replacing the first auxiliary connecting rod 46 with a controllable telescopic rod.
  • the seat type seat shown in Figure 7 can be replaced by a lever structure of the free telescopic rod 45 for controllable expansion and contraction.
  • the rod that is, the combination of the free telescopic rod and the controllable telescopic rod as a whole, achieves the above functions, the telescopic rod is at least two-stage telescopic, the first section is telescopically freely expandable, and the second section is telescopically controllable and telescopic, and is set Controllable telescopic rod release mechanism.
  • the above embodiments may also be provided separately or simultaneously with two predetermined lengths and desired structural features, without affecting each other or with a predetermined length.
  • the improved auxiliary link shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 includes a free structure and a controllable structure, and the free structure is as shown in the corresponding figure, and the controllable structure is a controllable telescopic rod.

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及乘客座椅和组合坐卧两用座椅单元、多用座椅单元，坐卧两用座椅包括支座（3）、椅座（2）、靠背（1）和靠背支架，椅座（2）设置在支座（3）上由支座（3）支撑，靠背（1）通过靠背支架设置在支座（3）上，靠背支架的下部与支座（3）铰接，靠背（1）和靠背支架的上部铰接，靠背（1）可绕靠背支架进行自转且可随靠背支架绕支座（3）进行公转，靠背支架与支座（3）之间设置调角器，靠背（1）与靠背支架之间设置靠背锁定与解锁装置；所述靠背支架包括至少一根主连杆（4），该主连杆（4）的下部和支座（3）铰接，该主连杆（4）的上端和靠背（1）铰接。组合坐卧两用座椅单元利用坐卧两用座椅和另一座椅组合，可提高舒适性、利用率。

Description

乘客座椅和组合坐卧两用座椅单元、 多用座椅单元 技术领域
本发明涉及座椅及其组合单元、 系统， 尤其涉及交通工具领域及剧场、 影院 等场所的座椅及其布局。 背景技术
传统的座椅包括椅座、 支座、 靠背和靠背支架， 靠背通过靠背支架与支座相 连接。 座椅固定于地面或交通工具内部， 并按一定规则排列。 为了使使用者使用 时更加舒适， 大多座椅靠背能够向后倾斜一定角度； 部分高档航空座椅还包括前 部放腿装置。 但这些座椅都具有一个共性， 就是把大的空间分割成各个独立的小 空间， 每个独立的空间供一名使用者使用， 而在使用者不足时， 剩余座椅通常被 闲置， 是一种资源的浪费。
现有技术已经披露了多种通过增大靠背向后倾斜的角度以及放腿装置提升的 高度， 从而使它们和椅座基本共面， 形成大致平坦的床， 以供使用者躺卧的技 术。 使用这些技术制造的座椅在飞机的头等舱中广泛应用， 其增加了乘坐舒适 度， 但其显而易见的缺点是单个座椅占用空间更大， 使交通工具的载客能力下 降。 具有相同缺点的方案还包括英国专利 GB 2326824 A和中国申请号为 02815620. X的专利所披露的方案。
英国专利 GB 2326824 A 披露了一种用于飞机头等舱中的座椅单元， 它包括一 个主座椅和一个位于主座椅前面的第二座椅， 主座椅与第二座椅相对放置， 主座 椅的靠背最大可向后倾斜到水平位置， 且主座椅前部放腿装置也可以旋转至水平 位置， 此时， 靠背、 椅座、 放腿装置和第二座椅共同形成一个较长的可供乘客躺 卧的表面。
中国申请号为 02815620. X的专利披露了一种包括主座椅、 前置支撑面、 后置 支撑面的座椅， 通过将主座椅的靠背向前翻转， 同时椅座下移， 靠背覆盖在椅座 上， 使主座椅靠背的后表面与前置支撑面和后置支撑面共同形成一支撑平面， 可 供乘客躺卧。
中国专利号为 98240045. 4的实用新型专利披露了一种组合座椅， 它由前后放 置的两个座椅组成， 其中前座椅的椅座与支座通过滑轨相连接， 靠背可跟随椅座 向前滑动， 并可向后放平与后座椅连接组成一卧铺。 这种设计能够在交通工具上 有空余座椅时充分利用空余座椅， 根据乘客的多少， 可提高部分或全部乘客的舒 适度， 但因靠背前表面形状不适合做卧铺等原因未得以应用。
美国公开号为 US20040051003A1的专利披露了一种通过将靠背下半中间部分与 整体可分离设计， 并可向后翻转至水平位置， 与后座组成一个可供躺卧的表面的 方案， 但其靠背的上半部分的设计妨碍了该方案的推广实施。
日本专利 JP2002225606A披露了一种靠背可向前翻转折叠至水平位置的座 椅， 通过一个四连杆机构可实现靠背的翻转， 但其一个连接点直接布置于座椅后 方的地面， 因此仅适用布置于地面之上但不离开地面的场所， 且其后无法布置其 他座椅。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可提高舒适性的、 利用率高的座椅和组合坐卧两 用座椅单元及系统， 以及多用座椅单元。
为实现所述目的的组合坐卧两用座椅单元， 包括前后设置的前座椅和后座 椅， 该前座椅为坐卧两用座椅， 包括支座、 椅座、 靠背和靠背支架， 该椅座设置 在该支座上由该支座支撑， 该靠背通过该靠背支架设置在该支座上， 其特点是， 该靠背支架包括一主连杆， 该主连杆的下部与该支座铰接， 以允许该主连杆的上 部绕该支座向后翻转， 并且该靠背与该主连杆的上部铰接， 以允许该靠背的上部 可绕该主连杆向前翻转， 进而使得该靠背的后侧面与该后座椅的椅座的上侧面以 及该后座椅的靠背的前侧面， 即该后座椅的乘坐面， 组合形成可供躺卧的支撑 面。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该前座椅进一步包括设置于 该支座与该主连杆之间的调角器， 以调节该主连杆与该支座之间的角度。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 所述调角器包括一具有锁定 功能的可控伸缩杆， 所述可控伸缩杆的一端与所述主连杆铰接， 所述可控伸缩杆 的另一端与所述支座铰接， 该调角器进一步包括用于控制该可控伸缩杆的锁定以 及释放状态的操作杆。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架包括至少一根主 连杆和辅助连杆、 倾斜杆， 该主连杆的下部和支座铰接， 该主连杆的上部和靠背 铰接， 辅助连杆的上端铰接靠背且下端铰接倾斜杆的一端， 倾斜杆的另一端铰接 支座， 可控伸缩杆的第二端铰接该倾斜杆， 主连杆、 靠背、 辅助连杆、 倾斜杆和 支座之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该组合坐卧两用座椅单元进 一步包括设置于该靠背与该主连杆之间的靠背锁定与解锁装置， 以禁止和允许该 靠背的上部绕该主连杆向前翻转。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 所述靠背锁定与解锁装置包 括设置于所述靠背上的锁杆固定装置、 锁杆、 手柄以及提升回馈装置， 该锁杆由 该锁杆固定装置固定于该靠背上且可相对该靠背移动， 该锁杆进一步插入到设置 于该主连杆或连接靠背两侧的主连杆的横向连杆上的第一锁孔内， 以使得该靠背 与该主连杆相对固定， 该手柄用于提升该锁杆以使得该锁杆退出该第一锁孔， 该 提升回馈装置用于在该锁杆被提升后对该锁杆进行复位。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该后座椅的椅座的前侧进一 步设置有用于接收该锁杆的第二锁孔。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 所述靠背锁定与解锁装置包 括设置于所述靠背上的基座、 手柄、 拉线以及锁舌， 该基座固定于在该靠背上， 该手柄设置在该基座上并与该基座铰接， 该锁舌插入到设置于该主连杆或连接靠 背两侧的主连杆的横向连杆上的锁孔内， 以使得该靠背与该主连杆相对固定， 该 拉线在该手柄的带动下拉动该锁舌退出该锁孔。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 所述靠背锁定与解锁装置还 包括主连杆常规后倾最大角度限位销， 该限位销平时伸出， 以限定主连杆常规后 倾最大角度， 该限位销通过拉线与手柄相连， 该拉线在该手柄的带动下拉动该限 位销退至支座内， 以解除主连杆常规后倾最大角度限制， 另外该限位销在主连杆 处于最大后倾角度时， 该限位销与主连杆相对位置发生变化， 该限位销起到限制 保持主连杆在最大后倾角度的作用。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架进一步包括辅助 连杆， 该辅助连杆与该主连杆、 该支座以及该靠背构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机 构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架还包括单辅助连 杆， 该辅助连杆的上端和靠背铰接， 该辅助连杆的下端和支座的滑槽可滑动地连 接， 主连杆、 靠背、 辅助连杆以及支座上的滑槽之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机 构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架还包括单辅助连 杆， 该单辅助连杆的上端和靠背铰接， 该单辅助连杆的下端和设置在支座上的滑 套可滑动地连接， 且该滑槽可相对支座转动， 主连杆、 靠背、 辅助连杆以及支座 上的滑套之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架还包括自由伸缩 杆， 该自由伸缩杆的上端和靠背铰接， 下端和支座铰接， 主连杆、 靠背、 自由伸 缩杆和支座之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架还包括第一辅助 连杆和第二辅助连杆， 第一辅助连杆的上端和靠背铰接， 下端和第二辅助连杆的 上端连接， 第二辅助连杆的下端和支座铰接， 主连杆、 靠背、 第一辅助连杆、 第 二辅助连杆和支座之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 所述辅助连杆包括自由结构 和可控结构， 可控结构为可控伸缩杆。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架进一步包括卷绳 器， 该卷绳器设置于该靠背和该支座中的一个上， 并引出柔性连接带连接到该靠 背和该支座中的另一个上， 该卷绳装置通过第一弹性收紧机构收紧该柔性连接 带， 主连杆、 靠背、 柔性连接带和支座之间构成自由度至少为 1的类似连杆机构的 连接机构。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 该靠背支架还包括可控卷绳 器， 该可控卷绳器设置在该靠背和该支座的另一个上， 并引出所述柔性连接带连 接到卷绳器， 该可控卷绳器通过第二弹性收紧机构收紧该柔性连接带， 且该可控 卷绳器设置释放机构， 以控制该柔性连接带伸出的长度。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 靠背的背部下侧设置有可翻 转的刚性的片状结构， 片状结构的下侧边和靠背的下侧铰接， 片状结构的上侧边 可脱扣地固定连接靠背的背部侧。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 靠背的靠背套后表面加装一 柔性的片状结构， 该片状结构的一端边和靠背套后表面的水平中间位置固定连 接， 片状结构整体可向上或向下翻转并分别与靠背套上端或下端可脱扣地固定连 接。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 如图 4所示， 靠背 1的下端后 部向下突出， 为反的倒 " L "形， 靠背 1下端将椅座 2后端半包围， 且椅座 2后端为 下部向前倾斜的斜面。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 如图 2所示， 主连杆与靠背 1 铰接结构 41处可装设定位转轴，优选为 180度双位置转轴， 该位置还可装设有阻尼 装置。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选坐卧两用座椅上设置安 全带， 可参考普通座椅安全带设置位置设置， 可用于将人体臀部限制在座椅上或 者将人体腿部限制在座椅上。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 所述主连杆、 连接杆、 倾斜 杆、 辅助连接杆形状不限， 可为直杆或弯曲杆， 其连接状况相同且作用相同的简 单变换也在该发明保护范围内， 优选主连杆 4带有一处弯曲， 为 " 7 "形。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选其座椅靠背上部任一侧 面较同一侧面靠背下部不向外突出， 所述靠背支架连接在座椅靠背侧面， 支架突 出于座椅侧面。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选其座椅靠背上部任一侧 面较同一侧面靠背下部向外突出， 所述靠背支架连接在座椅靠背侧面下部凹陷 处。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选靠背 1侧面设置扶手， 其 扶手一端与靠背中间相铰接， 另一端为自由端， 可在中间水平位置固定， 向上为 收起位置。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选靠背 1侧面设置扶手， 其 扶手一端与靠背中间相铰接， 另一端为自由端， 可在中间水平位置固定， 向下为 收起位置， 且其纵向横切面从后往前看为倒 "L"形。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选靠背 1侧面设置扶手， 其 扶手一端或一角与支座 3铰接， 扶手整体可旋转升降并在使用和收起位置固定。 所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选靠背 1侧面设置扶手， 通 过滑槽与支座 3连接， 扶手可沿曲线升降， 并在使用和收起位置固定。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 如图 14， 优选靠背 1上部后 面至少一侧设置有扶手 19， 优选扶手 19为与靠背 1纵向中心线平行或小角度 夹角设置， 供后排座椅使用者使用。
所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其进一步的特点是， 优选靠背 1上部后面设置的 扶手下端设置有挂勾， 供后排座椅使用者使用。
本发明的多用座椅单元， 由具有任一所述特点的坐卧两用座椅单元及附加前 座椅组成， 该附加前座椅置于坐卧两用座椅前方， 可旋转 180度至朝后位置。
本发明的多用座椅单元， 由多个具有任一所述特点的坐卧两用座椅单元组 成， 每个坐卧两用座椅单元的前、 后座椅均为坐卧两用座椅， 且座椅靠背高度与 座椅同方向座椅间距相同。
本发明的一种靠背可向前翻转放平的乘客座椅， 包括支撑结构、 椅座、 靠 背、 靠背支架， 其特征为： 所述支撑结构用来支撑所述的组件使之离开交通工具 的地板， 所述靠背支架包括至少一根连接杆， 该连接杆与支撑结构铰接， 使该连 接杆与靠背组成的整体可绕该铰接结构轴线向后倾斜， 该连接杆还与靠背铰接， 靠背可绕该铰接结构轴线在大致竖直站立位置和大致水平俯卧位置之间转换。
所述的乘客座椅， 其进一步的特点是： 所述的靠背支架包括的至少一根连接 杆与至少一根可控伸缩杆相铰接， 铰接位置可在该连接杆中间或下端延长段上， 所述连接杆在该伸缩杆的控制下， 可向后倾斜， 且其倾斜角度可到使铰接结构与 椅座大致水平等高位置， 在此位置配合靠背向前翻转， 靠背可在大致竖直站立位 置和大致水平俯卧位置之间转换。
所述的乘客座椅， 其进一步的特点是： 所述靠背支架还包括至少一根辅助连 接杆， 该辅助连接杆上段与靠背铰接， 下端与支撑结构铰接， 且与连接杆均铰接 与不同处， 至少一组的四个铰接结构构成一可变四边形的四个顶点， 四点之间连 线形成一可变四边形， 该可变四边形能够支撑靠背在大致竖直站立位置和大致水 平俯卧位置之间转换。
前述各技术方案中， 靠背支架包括一主连杆， 该主连杆的下部与该支座铰 接， 以允许该主连杆的上部绕该支座向后翻转， 因此可改变靠背支架的主连杆的 角度， 即向后转动主连杆， 以使靠背支架和靠背绕支座进行转动， 转动至预定位 置后 （大致水平位置） ， 并且该靠背与该主连杆的上部铰接， 以允许该靠背的上 部可绕该主连杆向前翻转， 因此可进一步地再操作靠背锁定与解锁装置， 使靠背 和靠背支架解锁， 向前转动靠背， 使靠背俯卧在椅座上， 进而使得该靠背的后侧 面与该后座椅的椅座的上侧面以及该后座椅的靠背的前侧面， 即该后座椅的乘坐 面， 组合形成可供躺卧的支撑面。 因此， 本发明可用于交通工具领域及剧场、 影 院等场所， 充分利用交通工具或剧场、 影院等场所上座率未满 100%时的空余座 椅， 提高部分或全部使用者的舒适度。 附图概述
本发明的具体特征、 性能由以下的实施例及其附图进一步给出。
图 1是组合坐卧两用座椅单元原理图；
图 2是本发明第一实施例中的座椅结构图；
图 3是本发明第一实施例中的组合坐卧两用座椅单元躺卧状态图；
图 4 是图 2所示座椅的靠背下端的示意图；
图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8、 图 9分别为图 2中的靠背辅助连接装置的变化例的结构 图；
图 10是本发明第二实施例中的座椅结构图；
图 11是本发明第二实施例中的组合坐卧两用座椅单元躺卧状态图；
图 12 是本发明第三实施例中的座椅结构图；
图 13 是本发明第三实施例中的组合坐卧两用座椅单元躺卧状态图； 图 14 是本发明第四实施例中的座椅套结构图；
图 15 是本发明第五实施例中组合坐卧两用座椅系统图；
图 16是本发明第一实施例的变化例的靠背锁定与解锁装置结构图；
图 17、 图 18是本发明第六实施例的组合状态结构图。 本发明的最佳实施方式
在下述各实施例中， "支座"可称为 "支撑结构" ， 两个术语的技术含义实 质上相同； "连杆" 与 "连接杆" 实质上含义相同； 类似 "主连杆" 、 "辅助连 杆"等技术用语是对不同位置的连杆的区分， 并非意味着这些连杆的形状一定要 不同， "座椅 "的应用场合不受其命名的限制， 其可以用于影院、 交通工具上等公 共场合， 因此视其应用场合， 可称为 "乘客座椅"或其他座椅， "组合坐卧两用 座椅"或 "坐卧两用座椅"可称为 "组合式坐卧两用乘客座椅"或 "坐卧两用乘 客座椅"或 "靠背可向前翻转放平的乘客座椅" 。
如图 1， 本发明的一实施例坐卧两用座椅， 包括支座 3、 椅座 2、 靠背 1和靠背 支架。 椅座 2和靠背 1的具体构造可参考现有座椅来设计， 例如包括骨架和包覆骨 架的泡沬件， 也可包括表面覆盖层。 支座 3用来支撑椅座 2和靠背 1使之离开地面或 交通工具的地板。 支座 3可以是从地面或交通工具的地板上凸出设置的固定物、 支 架， 也可是设置在滑轨上可调整位置的支架。 椅座 2设置在支座 3上， 可以是固定 设置， 也可以通过可调整位置的滑轨设置。 可调整位置的滑轨可以为前后双向或 左右双向位置可调或前后左右四向位置可调， 支座 3还可具有高度调节或旋转功 能。
靠背支架包括至少一根主连杆 4， 主连杆 4的下部与支座 3铰接于铰接结构 42， 主连杆 4的上端与靠背 1铰接于铰接结构 41， 主连杆 4与靠背 1组成的整体可绕铰接 结构 42轴线向后倾斜， 靠背 1可绕铰接结构 41轴线翻转， 在铰接结构 41、 42和主连 杆 4的共同作用下， 靠背可在大致竖直站立状态 （如图 1中的右边的座椅所示） 和 大致水平俯卧状态 （如图 1中的左边的座椅所示） 之间转换。 靠背 1在大致水平俯 卧状态时， 覆盖于全部或部分椅座之上。
如图 1所示， 本发明所提供的组合坐卧两用座椅单元由前座椅 200和后座椅 100 组成， 其中前座椅 200为本发明所提供的坐卧两用椅， 后座椅 100可为本发明所提 供的坐卧两用椅， 也可为一般座椅， 后座椅 100椅座前部相应位置设置锁孔 20。
第一实施例
图 2、 图 3和图 4示出了本发明的第一实施例。
如图 2所示的坐卧两用座椅， 包括靠背 1、 椅座 2、 支座 3和靠背支架。 靠背支 架包含至少一根主连杆 4， 优选为两根， 布置于靠背 1两侧， 两根主连杆 4可相互独 立也可通过横向连杆 47 (如图 16) 固定连接， 同步运动。
靠背支架与支座之间设置调角器， 可单侧设置， 也可双侧均设置。 可设置的 调角器有两种类型， 一种是利用可控伸缩杆调节角度的调角器。 可控伸缩杆是指 一种可以起支撑、 及角度调节等功能的工业配件， 通常能够被动压缩或拉伸和主 动回复， 同时具有最大伸展长度和最小收缩长度， 以限制被控设备变动范围。 借 助一些释放机构可以在行程中的特定或任意位置停止并锁紧， 代表产品为可控气 弹簧。 如图 2所示， 至少一根主连杆 4的下端或中下部与至少一可控伸缩杆 5的一端 (右端） 于铰接结构 52处铰接。 可控伸缩杆 5的另一端 （左端） 和支座 3于铰接结 构 51处铰接。 可控伸缩杆 5的左端设置可控伸缩杆 5的缸外控制元件以控制其释放 机构， 实现可控伸缩杆 5的锁定与解锁， 该缸外控制元件连接操作杆 53， 操作杆 53 的下端铰接在支座 3上， 操作杆 53起到杠杆作用， 其轻松控制可控伸缩杆 5的缸外 控制元件， 可控伸缩杆 5的释放机构处于释放状态时， 可在可控伸缩杆 5的一端施 加力， 以伸长或压缩可控伸缩杆 5， 可控伸缩杆 5的释放机构处于锁定状态时， 可 控伸缩杆 5保持固定的长度。 操作杆 53可替换为其他操作件， 例如是按钮或旋钮。
靠背 1和靠背支架之间设置有靠背锁定与解锁装置， 如图 2、 图 3所示， 靠背锁 定与解锁装置包括手柄 11、 提升回馈装置 12、 锁杆 14、 锁杆固定装置 13和锁孔 40、 20。 锁杆 14大部分位于靠背 1内部的隐蔽通道中， 在如图所示的实施例中， 锁 杆 14从靠背 1的底侧延伸到了上侧， 并于靠背 1的上侧连接手柄 11， 手柄 11局部外 露于靠背 1， 操作手柄 11可将锁杆 14向上提起。 锁杆 14的下端可从靠背 1中伸出， 并插入到主连杆 4或横向连杆 47上的锁孔 40中， 此时与铰接结构 41共同作用， 将靠 背 1固定在主连杆 4上。 扳动操作杆 53以使可控伸缩杆 5解除锁定， 可将靠背 1连同 主连杆 4从如图 3所示的位置向后转动。 转动到预定位置时， 操作手柄 11， 使锁杆 14在靠背 1中移动而与锁孔 40脱离， 此时可转动靠背 1绕铰接结构 41的轴线转动， 直至将靠背 1俯卧在椅座 2上。 锁杆固定装置 13将锁杆 14约束在靠背 1的通道中， 使 锁杆 14只能在设计的通道延伸方向移动， 起到导向作用。 提升回馈装置 12例如是 复位弹簧， 当释放手柄 11后， 在提升回馈装置 12的作用下， 锁杆 14可复位， 即锁 杆 14的下端从靠背 1中伸出。
如图 2所示， 当该座椅处于坐姿时， 可控伸缩杆 5处于最短状态且锁定， 主连 杆 4处于基本竖直状态且被锁定， 靠背 1处于基本竖直状态且锁杆 14伸出， 插入主 连杆 4或横向连杆 47上的锁孔 40内， 将靠背 1与主连杆 4锁定， 此时， 该座椅可供乘 客以坐姿乘坐。
扳动操作杆 53使可控伸缩杆 5解除锁定， 并用力向后倾斜靠背 1， 主连杆 4和靠 背 1绕铰接结构 42向后倾斜， 在倾斜至铰接结构 41与后椅座大致等高位置后， 松开 操作杆 53， 锁定可控伸缩杆 5， 使主连杆 4和靠背 1保持向后倾斜的状态。 之后扳动 手柄 11， 锁杆 14收起， 向座椅前方扳动靠背上端使靠背 1绕铰接结构 41旋转至大致 水平俯卧位置， 同时锁杆 14与布置在后座椅 100上的锁孔 20对齐， 松开手柄 11， 提 升回馈装置 12动作， 锁杆 14伸出， 插入布置在后座椅上的锁孔 20内， 则前座椅靠 背由大致竖直状态转变为大致水平俯卧状态且锁定。
操作后座椅 100的操作杆 53使可控伸缩杆 5解除锁定， 并用力向后倾斜靠背 1， 主连杆 4和靠背 1绕铰接结构 42向后倾斜， 在倾斜一定角度后， 松开操作杆 53锁定 可控伸缩杆 5， 使主连杆 4和靠背 1保持向后倾斜的状态。
通过以上步骤， 该座椅单元由两个前后相邻相互独立的座椅转变成为一个可 供乘客躺卧的装置， 如图 3所示， 通过相反步骤， 所述座椅单元可由可供乘客躺卧 的装置转变成两个前后相邻相互独立的座椅。
乘客单独乘坐单个座椅时， 也可操作座椅操作杆 53使可控伸缩杆 5解除锁定， 并用力向后倾斜靠背 1， 主连杆 4和靠背 1绕铰接结构 42向后倾斜， 在倾斜一定角度 后， 松开操作杆 53锁定可控伸缩杆 5， 使主连杆 4和靠背 1保持向后倾斜的状态， 如 图 3中后座椅。 此时， 乘客可以坐姿乘坐该座椅时， 适当增加乘坐舒适度。
靠背支架与支座 3之间可设置的另一种类型的调角器是一般由椅背联接板、 椅 座联接板、 核心件、 手轮或调节手柄、 回复弹簧等部分 （在一些低成本座椅中， 一般将椅背联接板， 椅座联接板整合到靠背骨架和座椅骨架上） 组成的装置 （图 中未示出） ， 按角度调节的连续性可分为有级调节调角器和无级调节调角器。 有 级调节调角器通过手柄或杆来控制该装置的锁止或解锁， 实现汽车座椅靠背角度 的非连续性调节， 是目前各大车型的通用配置。 无级调节调角器通过手轮或者电 机驱动， 实现汽车座椅靠背角度的连续性调节， 是目前中高端车型的主流配置。 至少一根主连杆 4通过该种类型的调角器设置在支座 3上， 靠背 1内部设置上述靠背 锁定与解锁装置。
做为组合坐卧两用座椅单元的前座椅使用时， 先调节调角器使主连杆 4与靠背 1整体向后倾斜至预定位置， 锁定调角器后解锁和翻转靠背 1至大致水平俯卧状态 并锁定， 过程如前文所述。
做为组合坐卧两用座椅单元的后座椅或单个座椅使用时， 可通过调节调角器 改变主连杆 4与靠背 1整体的后倾角度， 适当增加乘坐舒适度。 图 5至图 9示出了第一实施例的各个变化例。 它们是在第一实施例的基础上增 加至少一辅助连接装置， 该辅助连接装置位于座椅侧面， 图 4中圆圈所示位置， 可 为单辅助连杆、 双辅助连杆、 多辅助连杆或柔性连接带中任一种， 辅助连接装置 与靠背和支座 3之间的两连接处至少有一处为活动连接。
如图 5所示， 靠背支架包括主连杆 4和单辅助连杆 43， 主连杆 4的上端和靠背 1 铰接， 下端和可控伸缩杆 5铰接， 中间下部和支座 3铰接。 单辅助连杆 43的上端和 靠背 1铰接， 下端可活动地连接在支座 3上的一滑槽 9中。 主连杆 4、 靠背 1、 单辅助 连杆 43、 支座 3构成自由度为至少为 1 (例如为 1或 2 ) 的四连杆机构。
如图 6所示， 靠背支架包括主连杆 4和单辅助连杆 44， 与图 5所示实施例不同的 是， 单辅助连杆 44的下端是与可转动地设置在支座 3上的连接块 15滑动连接， 单辅 助连杆 44的下端有限位部， 限定单辅助连杆 44不可从连接块 15中滑出。 主连杆、 靠背、 辅助连杆以及支座上的滑套之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
如图 7所示， 靠背支架包括主连杆 4和自由伸缩杆 45， 主连杆 4的上端和靠背 1 铰接， 中间下部和支座 3铰接。 自由伸缩杆 45的上端和靠背 1铰接， 下端和支座 3铰 接。 主连杆、 靠背、 自由伸缩杆和支座之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
如图 8所示， 靠背支架包括主连杆 4和第一辅助连接杆 46、 第二辅助连接杆 47， 第一辅助连接杆 46的上端铰接靠背 1， 下端铰接第二辅助连接杆 47的活动端， 第二辅助连接杆 47的相对其活动端的另一端铰接支座 3， 由于支座 3不可动， 第二 辅助连接杆 47的该端可称为固定端。 主连杆 4、 靠背 1、 第一辅助连接杆 46、 第二 辅助连接杆 47、 支座 5构成自由度为至少为 1 (例如为 1或 2 ) 的五连杆机构。
如图 9所示， 靠背支架包括主连杆 4、 卷绳装置 16， 卷绳装置 16安装在支座 3 上， 从卷绳装置 16中引出柔性连接带 48连接到靠背 1上， 卷绳装置 16通过卷簧等自 动回卷部件收纳柔性连接带 48， 因此可自适应靠背 1的转动过程中导致的引出柔性 连接带 48的长度变化， 主连杆、 靠背、 柔性连接带和支座之间构成自由度至少为 1 的类似连杆机构的连接机构。
如图 16所示为靠背锁定与解锁装置的另一种实施例， 所述靠背锁定装置包括 设置在靠背内部部分和靠背外延伸部分， 包括基座 171、 手柄 172、 拉线 173、 锁舌 175等。 基座 171嵌入在靠背 1内， 开口与靠背 1后表面平齐， 手柄 172设置在基座 171内， 与基座 171铰接于铰接轴 170， 拉线 173与手柄 172相连， 受手柄控制。 手掀 手柄一端 （图示为下端） ， 该端翘起， 另一端绕铰接轴 170转动， 带动拉线 173， 拉线 173连接设置在靠背底部伸出靠背并插入锁孔 40的锁舌 175， 拉线 173被带动 后， 锁舌 175跟随拉线 173收缩退出锁孔 40， 靠背 1解除锁定， 此时靠背 1可绕铰接 结构 41转动。 所述靠背锁定与解锁装置还包括另一拉线 178， 该拉线 178可与手柄 172或拉线 173或拉线 173连接的其他附件相连接， 跟随手柄同步动作， 拉线 178延 伸至可控伸缩杆 5的释放机构处， 与操作杆 53或类似机构配合， 解锁可控伸缩杆 5， 此时主连杆 4被解除锁定， 主连杆 4倾斜角度可调。 该靠背锁定与解锁装置还可 包括主连杆 4常规后倾最大角度限位销 177， 固定在支座 3侧面， 一般为单侧设置， 也可两侧都设置， 平时伸出， 在主连杆 4后方， 铰接结构 42上方 （或主连杆前方， 铰接结构 42下方） ， 用以限定主连杆 4在靠背 1不向前翻转折叠使用时的后倾最大 角度。 该限位销 177由手柄 172通过拉线 178控制， 掀起手柄 172—端时， 拉线 178带 动限位销缩至支座 3内， 解除主连杆 4常规后倾最大角度限制。 靠背 1向前翻转放平 后， 松开手柄 172， 限位销 177伸出， 此时限位销 177在主连杆 4上方， 铰接结构 42 后方 （或主连杆下方， 铰接结构 42前方） ， 将主连杆 4限制在预定后倾角度范围 内。
支座 3上还可设置主连杆 4最大倾斜角度限制装置 179， 该装置固定在支座 3 上， 主连杆 4前方铰接结构 42下方或主连杆 4后方铰接结构 42上方， 与支座 3形成一 个整体， 角度限制装置 179为一固定装置或突起， 不可活动， 仅在靠背 1向前翻转 折叠至水平位置时起限定主连杆 4最大倾斜角度的作用。
支座 3上还可设置主连杆 4最小倾斜角度限制装置 1710， 该装置固定在支座 3 上， 主连杆 4前方， 铰接结构 42上方或主连杆 4后方， 铰接结构 42下方， 与支座 3形 成一个整体， 角度限制装置 1710为一固定装置或突起， 不可活动， 仅在靠背 1不向 前翻转折叠时起限定主连杆 4最小倾斜角度的作用。
角度限制装置 179和角度限制装置 1710可连接成一个整体。
该实施例还可包括手柄 172锁定装置， 包括锁芯 174、 锁舌 175、 钥匙， 锁芯为 通用双棱、 三角、 四角锁芯或专用锁芯， 并配合相应钥匙， 用钥匙插入并转动锁 芯， 带动锁舌 175， 锁定或解锁手柄 172。
坐卧两用座椅通常处于靠背 1大致竖直站立， 且靠背 1、 靠背支架、 靠背锁定 与解锁装置均被锁定的状态， 可做为组合坐卧两用座椅单元的后座椅或单个座椅 使用， 可通过调节调角器改变主连杆 4与靠背 1整体的后倾角度， 适当增加乘坐舒 适度。
做为组合坐卧两用座椅单元的前座椅使用时， 先用钥匙解锁手柄 172， 如上文 所述， 手掀手柄 172可解锁靠背 1， 同时解锁靠背支架与支座 3间调角器以及解除靠 背及靠背支架常规后倾角度限制， 且靠背支架在调角器回复力和角度限制装置 (包括调角器自身角度限制装置和外部角度限制装置或两者之一） 的作用下处于 后倾最小角度即主连杆 4后倾最小角度状态。 施加力向前翻转靠背 1， 则靠背 1以铰 接结构 41中心轴为转动轴转动， 带动辅助连接装置伸展， 当靠背 1转动至预定位置 时， 辅助连接装置达到最长伸展状态， 无法继续伸展， 此时， 由靠背 1、 主连杆 4、 支座 3和辅助连接装置组成自由度至少为 1的四连杆结构， 继续翻转靠背 1， 则 四连杆机构发生变形， 最终变形为靠背 1大致水平俯卧状态。 松开手柄 172， 靠背 支架与支座 3间调角器被锁定， 锁舌 176伸出靠背 1并与锁孔 20锁止， 靠背 1被锁 定， 用钥匙锁定手柄 172， 则两个前后相邻相互独立的座椅转变成为一个可供乘客 躺卧的装置， 如图 3所示， 通过相反步骤， 所述座椅单元可由可供乘客躺卧的装置 转变成两个前后相邻相互独立的座椅。
第二实施例
图 10和图 11示出了本发明的第二实施例， 图 10中的座椅可以作为图 11中的前 座椅， 图 11中的坐卧两用座椅与其后方的普通座椅或者坐卧两用座椅组成组合坐 卧两用座椅单元。
如图 10所示， 座椅包括靠背 1、 椅座 2、 支座 3以及靠背支架。 靠背支架包括主 连杆 4、 辅助连杆 6和倾斜杆 7。 主连杆 4的上端和靠背 1铰接 （在铰接结构 41处） ， 下端与支座 3铰接 （在铰接结构 42处） ， 辅助连杆 6的上端和靠背 1铰接 （在铰接结 构 61处） ， 倾斜杆 7的一端与辅助连杆 6的下端铰接 （在铰接结构 62处） ，另一端与 支座 3铰接， 优选铰接于铰接结构 42处， 也可铰接于支座 3上其他位置。 主连杆 4、 辅助连杆 6、 倾斜杆 7、 靠背 1构成自由度为至少为 1 (例如为 1或 2 ) 的四连杆机 构， 可控伸缩杆 5铰接倾斜杆 7于除铰接结构 42外其他处， 控制可控伸缩杆 5的可伸 缩状态的部件没有在图中显示。 优选地， 座椅另一侧仅设置主连杆， 两主连杆通 过横向连杆 47 (图 16所示） 固定连接， 同步运动。 也可在座椅两侧均设置有图 10 中所示的靠背支架的结构。 图 10中没有示出如第一实施例所述的靠背锁定装置， 但其应当是具有的， 可 参照图 2 (或图 16中锁定靠背 1和主连杆 4部分） 来理解， 本实施例中， 靠背锁孔 40 可位于主连杆 4或横向连杆 47上， 也可位于辅助连杆 6或连接两辅助连杆 6的横向连 杆上。
操作靠背锁定与解锁装置， 解除靠背 1与靠背支架的锁定， 施加力向前翻转靠 背 1， 由主连杆 4、 辅助连杆 6、 倾斜杆 7、 靠背 1构成的自由度为 1四连杆机构发生 变形， 最终变形为靠背 1大致水平俯卧状态， 释放靠背锁定与解锁装置手柄， 靠背 1被锁定在大致水平俯卧状态，
通过以上步骤， 该座椅单元由两个前后相邻相互独立的座椅转变成为一个可 供乘客躺卧的装置， 如图 11所示， 通过相反步骤， 所述座椅单元可由可供乘客躺 卧的装置转变成两个前后相邻相互独立的座椅。
在本实施例坐卧两用座椅做为单个座椅或组合坐卧两用座椅单元的后座椅使 用时， 可操作控制可控伸缩杆 5的释放机构的部件， 使可控伸缩杆 5解除锁定， 并 用力向后倾斜靠背 1， 靠背支架和靠背 1绕铰接结构 42向后倾斜， 在倾斜一定角度 后， 松开控制可控伸缩杆 5的可伸缩状态的部件锁定可控伸缩杆 5， 使靠背支架和 靠背 1保持向后倾斜的状态， 以适当增加乘坐舒适度。
第三实施例
图 12和图 13示出了本发明的第三实施例， 图 12示出了组合坐卧两用座椅， 图 13示出了组合坐卧两用座椅单元。 图 13中的后座椅可以与前座椅一样为图 12所示 的座椅， 也可以是普通的座椅。
如图 12所示， 座椅包括靠背 1、 椅座 2、 支座 3以及靠背支架。 靠背支架包括主 连杆 4。 主连杆 4和靠背 1通过调角器 5连接， 主连杆的下端和可控伸缩杆 5的右端在 铰接结构 52处铰接， 主连杆 4的中下部还和支座 3在铰接结构 42处铰接。 可控伸缩 杆 5的左端 51和支座 3铰接。 可控伸缩杆 5的左端 51处如第一实施例所述的那样可连 接操作部件， 以控制可控伸缩杆 5的释放机构。
图 12所示的靠背支架的构造可在座椅的两侧均设置， 图 12仅显示座椅的一 侧， 也可单侧设置， 另一侧仅设置主连杆 4， 两根主连杆通过横向连杆固定连接， 同步运动。
靠背 1的下部后面设置有可翻转的刚性片状结构 10， 片状结构 10的下侧边和靠 背 1的下侧边铰接， 具有转动轴 100。 片状结构 10的上侧边可通过钩扣、 粘扣或卡 扣等可脱扣的固定连接部件连接在靠背 1的背部侧， 也可使用类似座椅后置小桌板 设计， 转动轴 100中装设 180度定位转轴和阻尼装置， 以实现片状结构 10的开合和 固定。
图 12所示的坐卧两用座椅的工作原理为松动调角器 5， 向前压下靠背 1至大致 水平俯卧位置， 之后， 将片状结构 10向后翻转， 片状结构 10的上侧边搭接在后座 椅的椅座 2上。 如图 13， 片状结构 10、 前座椅的靠背的后表面、 后座椅的椅座 2的 上表面、 后座椅的靠背 1的前表面形成一个支撑面， 可供人躺卧。
图 12所示的坐卧两用座椅做为图 13所示后座椅或单个座椅使用时， 也可调节 调角器或可控伸缩杆 5， 使靠背 1向后倾斜一定角度， 适当增加乘坐舒适度。
如图 13中后座椅所示， 主连杆 4还可直接固定连接于支座 3上， 与支座 3形成一 个整体。
第四实施例
图 14示出了本发明的第四实施例。 为了营造文明卫生的使用环境， 该座椅可 加装座椅套， 所述座椅套包括座套和靠背套等， 分别套在椅座 2和靠背 1上， 可拆 卸， 以方便清洗。 如图 14所示， 所述靠背套后表面中间位置加装一柔性片状结构 17， 该片状结构 17的一端边和靠背套后表面的水平中间位置固定连接， 片状结构 17整体可向上 （向下翻折状态时） 和向下 （向上翻折状态时） 翻转并分别与靠背 套上端或下端可脱扣地固定连接， 连接装置 18通常为纽扣或磁铁。
通常使用时， 片状结构 17向下翻转与靠背套下部连接， 这时靠背套的后表面 为靠背套后表面的上半部分和片状结构 17的一表面 （图 14所示片状结构 17上表 面） 所组成的表面 a; 在该座椅与后座椅组合成卧铺结构时， 片状结构 17向上翻转 与靠背套上部连接， 这时， 整个靠背套的后表面为靠背套的后表面下半部分和片 状结构 17的另一表面 （图 14所示片状结构 17下表面） 所组成的表面 b， 表面 a和表 面 b两者是两个完全不同的表面。
第五实施例
如图 15所示， 该系统包含多个组合坐卧两用座椅单元， 各单元中的前座椅可 以是前述任一实施例所述的坐卧两用座椅， 座椅单元可单独布置或并排布置或交 错布置。 如图 15所示中间位置的座椅， 所述座椅可以为单人座椅， 也可为多人座椅。 第六实施例
如图 17和图 18中间座椅所示， 为图 9所示坐卧两用座椅的变化例， 柔性连接带 48除一端设置卷绳器外， 另一端还设置可控卷绳器 17， 可控卷绳器 17同样依靠卷 簧卷收柔性连接带 48， 另设置有释放机构， 可控卷绳器 17为一通用部件。 只有当 可控卷绳器 17释放机构处于释放状态时， 柔性连接带 48才能够被拉出或卷收。 该 释放机构可控制可控卷绳器 17内的柔性连接带 48被拉出的长度为任意长度或预定 长度， 优选为预定两个长度。
如图 17， 使用柔性连接带 48第一预定长度时还需要座椅靠背 1高度与座椅同方 向座椅间距相同， 靠背 1前部 （直立时顶部） 还设置锁孔 21。 如第一实施例变化例 中所述， 解锁靠背锁定与解锁机构， 向前翻转靠背 1， 同时操作可控卷绳器 17的释 放机构， 使该机构处于释放状态， 可控卷绳器内的柔性连接带 48能够被拉出， 到 达第一预定长度时， 锁定释放机构， 继续向前翻转靠背 1至水平位置， 此时， 靠背 1处于如图 17中座椅所示状态， 依次操作相邻各坐卧两用座椅， 共同组成一个平坦 的可供躺卧的支撑面。
如图 18中间座椅， 使用柔性连接带第二预定长度时， 通常需要附加前座椅支 座具有旋转功能。 如第一实施例变化例中所述， 解锁靠背锁定与解锁机构， 向前 翻转靠背 1， 同时操作可控卷绳器 17的释放机构， 使该机构处于释放状态， 可控卷 绳器内的柔性连接带 48能够被拉出， 到达第二预定长度时， 锁定释放机构， 继续 向前翻转靠背 1至水平位置， 此时， 靠背 1处于如图 18中中间座椅所示状态， 可做 为桌子供后座乘客使用。 配合支座高度调节和前座椅支座旋转， 可做为整套桌椅 供多名乘客使用。
本实施例所述两预定长度及所需结构特征可单独设置或同时设置， 互不影 响， 也可不设置预定长度。
图 5、 图 6所示坐卧两用座椅可通过将单辅助连杆 43、 44更换为可控伸缩杆实 现上述功能。
图 8所示坐卧两用座椅可通过将第一辅助连接杆 46更换为可控伸缩杆实现上述 功能。
图 7所示坐卧两用座椅可通过将自由伸缩杆 45的一根杆结构更换为可控伸缩 杆， 即整体为自由伸缩杆与可控伸缩杆的结合体来实现上述功能， 该伸缩杆至少 为两段式伸缩， 第一段伸缩为自由伸缩， 第二段伸缩为可控伸缩， 并设置可控伸 缩杆释放机构。
以上实施例也可单独设置或同时设置两预定长度及所需结构特征， 互不影 响， 也可不设置预定长度。
改进后的图 5、 图 6、 图 7、 图 8所示辅助连杆包括自由结构和可控结构， 自由 结构如相应图示， 可控结构为可控伸缩杆。

Claims

权利要求
1 . 一种组合坐卧两用座椅单元， 包括前后设置的前座椅和后座椅， 该前座 椅为坐卧两用座椅， 包括支座、 椅座、 靠背和靠背支架， 该椅座设置在该支座上 由该支座支撑， 该靠背通过该靠背支架设置在该支座上， 其特征在于， 该靠背支 架包括一主连杆， 该主连杆的下部与该支座铰接， 以允许该主连杆的上部绕该支 座向后翻转， 并且该靠背与该主连杆的上部铰接， 以允许该靠背的上部可绕该主 连杆向前翻转， 进而使得该靠背的后侧面与该后座椅的椅座的上侧面以及该后座 椅的靠背的前侧面， 即该后座椅的乘坐面， 组合形成可供躺卧的支撑面。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该前座椅进一步包 括设置于该支座与该主连杆之间的调角器， 以调节该主连杆与该支座之间的角 度。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 所述调角器包括一 具有锁定功能的可控伸缩杆， 所述可控伸缩杆的一端与所述主连杆铰接， 所述可 控伸缩杆的另一端与所述支座铰接， 该调角器进一步包括用于控制该可控伸缩杆 的锁定以及释放状态的操作杆。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该靠背支架包括至 少一根主连杆和辅助连杆、 倾斜杆， 该主连杆的下部和支座铰接， 该主连杆的上 部和靠背铰接， 辅助连杆的上端铰接靠背且下端铰接倾斜杆的一端， 倾斜杆的另 一端铰接支座， 可控伸缩杆的第二端铰接该倾斜杆， 主连杆、 靠背、 辅助连杆、 倾斜杆和支座之间构成自由度至少为 1的连杆机构。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该组合坐卧两用座 椅单元进一步包括设置于该靠背与该主连杆之间的靠背锁定与解锁装置， 以禁止 和允许该靠背的上部绕该主连杆向前翻转。
6. 如权利要求 5所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 所述靠背锁定与解 锁装置包括设置于所述靠背上的锁杆固定装置、 锁杆、 手柄以及提升回馈装置， 该锁杆由该锁杆固定装置固定于该靠背上且可相对该靠背移动， 该锁杆进一步插 入到设置于该主连杆或连接靠背两侧的主连杆的横向连杆上的第一锁孔内， 以使 得该靠背与该主连杆相对固定， 该手柄用于提升该锁杆以使得该锁杆退出该第一 锁孔， 该提升回馈装置用于在该锁杆被提升后对该锁杆进行复位。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该后座椅的椅座的 前侧进一步设置有用于接收该锁杆的第二锁孔。
8. 如权利要求 5所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 所述靠背锁定与解 锁装置包括设置于所述靠背上的基座、 手柄、 拉线以及锁舌， 该基座固定于在该 靠背上， 该手柄设置在该基座上并与该基座铰接， 该锁舌插入到设置于该主连杆 或连接靠背两侧的主连杆的横向连杆上的第一锁孔内， 以使得该靠背与该主连杆 相对固定， 该拉线在该手柄的带动下拉动该锁舌退出该第一锁孔。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 所述靠背锁定与解 锁装置还包括主连杆常规后倾最大角度限位销， 该限位销平时伸出， 以限定主连 杆常规后倾最大角度， 该限位销通过拉线与手柄相连， 该拉线在该手柄的带动下 拉动该限位销退至支座内， 以解除主连杆常规后倾最大角度限制， 另外该限位销 在主连杆处于最大后倾角度时， 该限位销与主连杆相对位置发生变化， 该限位销 起到保持主连杆在最大后倾角度的作用。
10. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该靠背支架进一 步包括辅助连杆， 该辅助连杆与该主连杆、 该支座以及该靠背构成自由度至少为 1 的连杆机构。
11 . 如权利要求 10所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 所述辅助连杆包 括自由结构和可控结构， 可控结构为可控伸缩杆。
12. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该靠背支架进一 步包括卷绳器， 该卷绳器设置于该靠背和该支座中的一个上， 并引出柔性连接带 连接到该靠背和该支座中的另一个上， 该卷绳装置通过第一弹性收紧机构收紧该 柔性连接带。
13. 如权利要求 12所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 该靠背支架还包 括可控卷绳器， 该可控卷绳器设置在该靠背和该支座的另一个上， 并引出所述柔 性连接带连接到卷绳器， 该可控卷绳器通过第二弹性收紧机构收紧该柔性连接 带， 且该可控卷绳器设置释放机构， 以控制该柔性连接带伸出的长度。
14. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 靠背的背部下侧 设置有可翻转的刚性的片状结构， 片状结构的下侧边和靠背的下侧铰接， 片状结 构的上侧边可脱扣地固定连接靠背的背部侧。
15. 如权利要求 1所述的坐卧两用座椅单元， 其特征在于， 靠背的靠背套后 表面加装一柔性的片状结构， 该片状结构的一端边和靠背套后表面的水平中间位 置固定连接， 片状结构整体可向上或向下翻转并分别与靠背套上端或下端可脱扣 地固定连接。
16. 一种多用座椅单元， 由如权利要求 1至 15中任一项所述的坐卧两用座椅 单元及附加前座椅组成， 该附加前座椅置于坐卧两用座椅前方， 可旋转 180度至朝 后位置。
17. 一种多用座椅单元， 由多个如权利要求 1至 15中任一项所述的坐卧两用 座椅单元组成， 每个坐卧两用座椅单元的前、 后座椅均为坐卧两用座椅， 且座椅 靠背高度与座椅同方向座椅间距相同。
18. —种靠背可向前翻转放平的乘客座椅， 包括支撑结构、 椅座、 靠背、 靠 背支架， 其特征为： 所述支撑结构用来支撑所述的组件使之离开交通工具的地 板， 所述靠背支架包括至少一根连接杆， 该连接杆与支撑结构铰接， 使该连接杆 与靠背组成的整体可绕该铰接结构轴线向后倾斜， 该连接杆还与靠背铰接， 靠背 可绕该铰接结构轴线在大致竖直站立位置和大致水平俯卧位置之间转换。
19. 如权利要求 18所述的乘客座椅， 其特征在于： 所述的靠背支架包括的至 少一根连接杆与至少一根可控伸缩杆相铰接， 铰接位置可在该连接杆中间或下端 延长段上， 所述连接杆在该伸缩杆的控制下， 可向后倾斜， 且其倾斜角度可到使 铰接结构与椅座大致水平等高位置， 在此位置配合靠背向前翻转， 靠背可在大致 竖直站立位置和大致水平俯卧位置之间转换。
20. 如权利要求 18所述的乘客座椅， 其特征在于： 所述靠背支架还包括至少 一根辅助连接杆， 该辅助连接杆上段与靠背铰接， 下端与支撑结构铰接， 且与连 接杆均铰接与不同处， 至少一组的四个铰接结构构成一可变四边形的四个顶点， 四点之间连线形成一可变四边形， 该可变四边形能够支撑靠背在大致竖直站立位 置和大致水平俯卧位置之间转换。
PCT/CN2011/077049 2010-07-12 2011-07-12 乘客座椅和组合坐卧两用座椅单元、多用座椅单元 Ceased WO2012006941A1 (zh)

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