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WO2011160295A1 - 含芴、蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

含芴、蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2011160295A1
WO2011160295A1 PCT/CN2010/074320 CN2010074320W WO2011160295A1 WO 2011160295 A1 WO2011160295 A1 WO 2011160295A1 CN 2010074320 W CN2010074320 W CN 2010074320W WO 2011160295 A1 WO2011160295 A1 WO 2011160295A1
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polymer
layer
organic
benzothiadiazole
compound
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French (fr)
Inventor
周明杰
黄杰
黄佳乐
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Oceans King Lighting Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Oceans King Lighting Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2013515660A priority Critical patent/JP5638694B2/ja
Priority to US13/704,674 priority patent/US20130090446A1/en
Priority to EP10853438.9A priority patent/EP2586809B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2010/074320 priority patent/WO2011160295A1/zh
Priority to CN201080066881.7A priority patent/CN102906152B/zh
Publication of WO2011160295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011160295A1/zh
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of optoelectronics, in particular to a polymer containing lanthanum, cerium and benzothiadiazole units, a preparation method and application thereof, a preparation method thereof and application thereof.
  • Organic photovoltaic materials have the following advantages: good thermal stability, easy processing, low cost, and specific photoelectric functions through molecular design. Bismuth and its derivatives have good stability and good film formation; its UV-visible spectrum exhibits wide finger peak absorption, which is beneficial to improve the absorption coverage of sunlight; and it has suitable current carrying capacity.
  • the sub-transfer characteristic which has a hole mobility of 3 cm 2 /Vs at room temperature, is an excellent class of organic semiconductor materials.
  • a polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units having the following structure:
  • n is an integer from 1 to 200
  • m is an integer from 1 to 20
  • R 3 11, halogen, alkyl, d ⁇ C4 0 alkyl, CAO alkoxy, C 6 ⁇ C 40 aryl, C 6 ⁇ C 40 aralkyl or C 6 ⁇ C 40 aryl alkoxy.
  • R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may represent a monosubstituted functional group, and may also represent a polysubstituted functional group, for example, two substituents, three substituents and the like.
  • a method for preparing a polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units comprising the steps of:
  • n is an integer from 1 to 200;
  • m is an integer from 1 to 20;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkyl of d Co, aryl of C Co or C
  • R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, Ci ⁇ C 40 alkyl, Ci ⁇ C 40 alkoxy, C 6
  • step S1 compound A is prepared by the following steps:
  • D E: ⁇ , , CTh ; where m is an integer from 1 to 20;
  • compound D is added to the solvent at a temperature of -70 ° C to -85 ° C, and n-butyllithium is added in a molar ratio of n-butyllithium to compound D of 2:1 to 4:1.
  • the solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dichlorodecane, trichlorodecane and ethyl acetate;
  • the organic solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of nonylbenzene, ethylene glycol dioxime ether, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dichlorodecane, trichlorodecane and ethyl acetate; Quantity is stated 5 to 10 times the mole of the compound A; the amount of the catalyst added is 0.5% to 10% by mole of the compound A; the catalyst is an organic palladium or a mixture of an organic palladium and an organophosphine ligand; the alkali solution is an aqueous NaOH solution, Na 2 C0 3 Aqueous solution, aqueous solution of NaHC0 3 or aqueous solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide; Suzuki reaction temperature is 60 to 100 ° C, and reaction time is 12 to 72 hours.
  • the mixture of the organic palladium and the organophosphine ligand has a molar ratio of the organic palladium to the organophosphine ligand of 1:2 to 20; the organic palladium is Pd 2 (dba) 3, Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 or Pd ( PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 ; the organophosphine ligand is P(o-Tol) 3 .
  • the preparation method further comprises a purification process after the polymer is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows: S13, adding deionized water and terpene to the polymer obtained in step S12 for extraction, taking the organic phase, and distilling under vacuum The organic phase is distilled, and then dropped into anhydrous decyl alcohol to be continuously stirred, and a solid precipitates out. After suction filtration and drying, a solid powder is obtained, and the solid powder is dissolved in chloroform to pass through a neutral alumina layer. After the column was removed, the catalyst was removed, and then steamed, and then dropped into a methanol solvent and stirred, and finally extracted with a Soxhlet extractor to obtain a purified polymer.
  • S13 adding deionized water and terpene to the polymer obtained in step S12 for extraction, taking the organic phase, and distilling under vacuum The organic phase is distilled, and then dropped into anhydrous decyl alcohol to be continuously stirred, and a solid precipitates out. After
  • a solar cell device prepared by using the above polymer, comprising a substrate, a conductive layer deposited on one surface of the substrate as an anode, and a modified poly 3,4-ethylene II coated on the conductive layer
  • the active layer is made of a mixture comprising an electron donor material and an electron acceptor material; the electron acceptor material is [6,6]phenyl-C 61 -butyrate butyrate, and the electron donor material contains the above-mentioned ruthenium-containing, a polymer of hydrazine and a benzothiadiazole unit.
  • An organic electroluminescent device prepared by using the above polymer, comprising a substrate, a conductive layer deposited on one surface of the substrate as an anode, a light-emitting layer coated on the conductive layer, and evaporated on the light-emitting layer a buffer layer made of LiF and a metal aluminum layer as a cathode provided on the buffer layer, wherein the light-emitting layer material contains the above-mentioned polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units .
  • An organic field effect transistor prepared by using the above polymer, the structure of which comprises: a doped silicon wafer, a Si0 2 insulating layer, an octadecyltrichlorosilane layer for modifying the Si0 2 insulating layer, coated on the eighteenth An organic semiconductor layer on the alkyltrichlorosilane layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode which are disposed on the organic semiconductor layer, wherein the organic semiconductor layer material contains the above-mentioned ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units Polymer.
  • Bismuth and its derivatives have good stability and good film formation; their UV-visible spectra appear Wide finger peak absorption is beneficial to improve the absorption coverage of sunlight; and it has suitable carrier transport characteristics, and its hole mobility at room temperature can reach 3cm 2 /Vs, which is an excellent organic semiconductors.
  • the compound containing a fluorene unit has a structure which is easy to modify, has good photothermal stability and film formability.
  • the polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units has a lower energy gap, a higher mobility, a wider absorption range of the spectrum, and the polymer material facilitates carriers in the active layer material.
  • the interior is delivered more efficiently.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a solar cell device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an organic field effect transistor.
  • n is an integer from 1 to 200
  • m is an integer from 1 to 20
  • R 3, 11, halo, atmosphere group, Ci ⁇ C 40 alkyl is, Ci ⁇ C 40 alkoxy group, C 6 ⁇ C 40 aryl group, C 6 ⁇ C 40 aralkyl or C 6 ⁇ C 40 aryl alkoxy.
  • R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may represent a monosubstituted functional group, and may also represent a polysubstituted functional group, for example, two substituents, three substituents and the like.
  • a method for preparing a polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units, the steps are as follows:
  • compound D is added to the solvent at a temperature of -70 ° C to -85 ° C, and n-butyl lithium is added in a molar ratio of n-butyllithium to compound D of 2:1 to 4:1.
  • the solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dichlorodecane, trichloromethane and ethyl acetate;
  • the Suzuki coupling reaction of the compound, B, and C is carried out in an oxygen-free environment in the presence of an organic solvent, a catalyst, and an alkali solution to obtain a ruthenium, osmium, and benzothiadiazole unit represented by the following structural formula.
  • n is an integer from 1 to 200;
  • m is an integer from 1 to 20;
  • Ri, R 2 is hydrogen, halo aryl, heteroaryl, cyano, Ci ⁇ C 40 alkyl group, an aryl group or Ci ⁇ C 40 of Ci ⁇ C 40;
  • R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen, 13 ⁇ 4 , cyano, C Co alkyl, C Co alkoxy, C 6 to C 40 aryl,
  • R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may represent a monosubstituted functional group, and may also represent a polysubstituted functional group, for example, two substituents, three substituents and the like.
  • the organic solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of nonylbenzene, ethylene glycol dioxime ether, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dichlorosilane, trichlorodecane and ethyl acetate;
  • the compound is 0.5% ⁇ 10% of the mole of the compound A;
  • the catalyst is an organic palladium or a mixture of the organic palladium and the organophosphine ligand;
  • the alkali solution is added in an amount of 5 to 10 times the mole of the compound A;
  • the alkali solution is an aqueous solution of NaOH, An aqueous solution of Na 2 CO 3 , an aqueous solution of NaHCO 3 or an aqueous solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide;
  • the reaction temperature of Suzuki reaction is 60 to 100 ° C, and the reaction time is 12 to 72 hours.
  • the molar ratio of the organic palladium to the organophosphine ligand is 1:2 ⁇ 20; the organic palladium is Pd 2 (dba) 3 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 or Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 ;
  • the organophosphine ligand is P(o-Tol) 3 .
  • the above anaerobic conditions can be achieved by means of nitrogen or inert gas protection.
  • Step 3 adding deionized water and terpene to the polymer obtained above for extraction, taking an organic phase, distilling the organic phase by distillation under reduced pressure, dropping it into anhydrous decyl alcohol, stirring constantly, having solid Precipitate, precipitate and dry to obtain a solid powder, then dissolve the solid powder with chloroform, neutral
  • the alumina chromatography column was degassed after removing the catalyst, and then dropped into a methanol solvent and stirred, and finally extracted with a Soxhlet extractor to obtain a purified polymer.
  • the preparation process of the polymer is as follows:
  • the purified polymer P1 was subjected to GPC test, and the number average molecular weight was Mn 52,400, and the polymer single dispersion was 2.45.
  • the preparation process of the polymer is as follows:
  • the purified polymer P3 was subjected to GPC test, and the number average molecular weight was Mn 35100, and the polymer single dispersion was 1.97.
  • the preparation process of the polymer is as follows:
  • the purified polymer P5 was subjected to GPC test, and the number average molecular weight was Mn 71400, and the polymer single dispersion was 2.65.
  • the preparation steps of the polymer are as follows:
  • the purified polymer P7 was subjected to GPC test, and the number average molecular weight was Mn 59,800, and the polymer single dispersion was 2.57.
  • the purified polymer P8 was subjected to GPC test, and the number average molecular weight was Mn 61400, and the polymer monodispersity was 2.03.
  • the following examples are polymers containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units in the fields of polymer solar cells, organic electroluminescent devices, organic field effect transistors, organic optical storage, organic nonlinear materials and organic laser materials. Applications.
  • Example 5 are polymers containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units in the fields of polymer solar cells, organic electroluminescent devices, organic field effect transistors, organic optical storage, organic nonlinear materials and organic laser materials.
  • ITO glass indium tin oxide
  • glass that is, glass as a substrate
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • the structure of the solar cell device is: glass / ITO / PEDOT: PSS / active layer / A1; wherein the active layer is made of a mixture comprising [6,6] phenyl-C 61 -butyrate butyrate Electron acceptor material and electron acceptor material made of a polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units; ITO is indium tin oxide having a sheet resistance of 10-20 ⁇ / ⁇ , PEDOT is poly 3, 4 - ethylenedioxythiophene, PSS is polystyrenesulfonic acid.
  • the manufacturing process of the solar cell device is as follows:
  • the active layer material comprising an electron donor material made of [6,6]phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid decanoate and
  • the polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units is an electron acceptor material
  • Metal aluminum was vacuum-deposited on the surface of the active layer to form a metal aluminum layer as a cathode to obtain the organic solar cell device.
  • the thickness of the metal aluminum layer is 170 nm, respectively. In other embodiments, the thickness of the metal aluminum layer may also be 30 nm, 130 nm, or 60 nm.
  • the solar cell is subjected to a sealing condition of 110 degrees Celsius for 4 hours and then lowered to room temperature. After annealing, the device can effectively increase the order and regularity of the arrangement between the groups and the molecular segments in the molecule, thereby improving The transfer rate and efficiency of carrier mobility increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • Example 6
  • ITO glass indium tin oxide glass
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • a polymer P1 in the above Example 1 were used.
  • the structure of the organic electroluminescent device is: glass / ITO / luminescent layer / buffer layer / A1; wherein, the luminescent layer uses a polymer containing lanthanum, cerium and benzothiadiazole units; buffer layer material is LiF; ITO is indium tin oxide having a sheet resistance of 10-20 ⁇ / ⁇ , PEDOT is poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, and PSS is polystyrenesulfonic acid.
  • the manufacturing process of the organic electroluminescent device is as follows: After the ITO glass is ultrasonically cleaned and treated with oxygen-Plasma, a layer of a polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units is coated on the surface of the ITO to form a light-emitting layer;
  • Metal aluminum was vacuum-deposited on the surface of the buffer layer to form a metal aluminum layer as a cathode to obtain the organic electroluminescence device.
  • the thickness of the metal aluminum layer is 170 nm, respectively. In other embodiments, the thickness of the metal aluminum layer may also be 30 nm, 130 nm, and 60 nm.
  • An organic field effect transistor has a structure as shown in Figure 3.
  • a highly doped silicon wafer was used as the substrate, and the polymer used was the polymer P1 in the foregoing Example 1.
  • the structure of the organic field effect transistor is: Si/SiO 2 /OTS/organic semiconductor layer/source electrode (S) and drain electrode (D); wherein, Si0 2 has a thickness of 500 nm for insulation; OTS is octadecane
  • the triorganosilane; the organic semiconductor layer is made of a polymer containing ruthenium, osmium and benzothiadiazole units; the source electrode (S) and the drain electrode (D) are made of metal gold.
  • a source electrode and a drain electrode made of a metal gold are provided on the organic semiconductor layer to obtain the organic field effect transistor.

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Description

含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物及其制备方法和应用
【技术领域】
本发明涉及光电领域, 尤其涉及一种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物 及其制备方法和应用及其制备方法及其应用。
【背景技术】
传统的高效率太阳能电池主要以无机半导体硅为原料, 但是硅晶太阳能电 池由于生产过程工艺复杂, 污染严重, 耗能大, 成本高, 抑制了其商业化应用 的发展。 因此利用廉价材料制备低成本、 高效能的太阳能电池一直是光伏领域 的研究热点和难点。 有机半导体材料一方面由于有机材料的环境稳定性好、 制 备成本低、 功能易于调制、 柔韧性及成膜性都较好; 另一方面由于有机太阳能 电池加工过程相对简单, 可低温操作, 器件制作成本也较低等优点而备受关注, 成为廉价和有吸引力的太阳能电池材料。 此外, 有机太阳能电池还具有可大面 积制造、 可使用柔性衬底、 环境友好、 轻便易携等优点。
有机光伏材料具有如下优点: 热稳定性好, 易加工, 成本低, 可通过分子 设计实现特定的光电功能。 蒽及其衍生物具有艮好的稳定性和较好的成膜性; 其紫外可见光谱呈现出较宽的手指峰吸收, 有利于提高对太阳光的吸收覆盖范 围; 并且它具有适当的载流子传输特性, 其晶体室温下空穴迁移率可达 3 cm2/V-s, 是一类优异的有机半导体材料。 虽然蒽及其衍生物作为有机电致发光 材料的报道已有很多, 但作为有机光伏材料的研究却鲜有报道, 这就大大限制 了它的应用范围。
【发明内容】
基于此, 有必要提供一种含有蒽单元的有机光伏化合物。
此外, 还有必要提供一种含有蒽单元的有机光伏化合物的制备方法及其应 用。
一种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物, 具有以下结构:
Figure imgf000004_0001
其中, n为 1 ~ 200的整数, m为 1 ~20的整数; x、 y为正实数, JLx+y=l; 、 为11、 卤素、氛基、 d C o的烷基、 1~€40的芳基或01 ~€40的杂芳基; R3、 为11、 卤素、 氛基、 d~ C40的烷基、 CAO烷氧基、 C6~C40芳基、 C6~ C40芳烷基或 C6 ~ C40芳基烷氧基。
上述 、 R2、 R3、 R4可表示单取代的官能团, 也可以表示多取代的官能团, 例如 代表两个取代基、 三个取代基等。
一种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
Figure imgf000004_0002
S12、 在无氧环境中, 有机溶剂、催化剂和碱溶液存在条件下, 将化合物八、 B、 C进行 Suzuki偶合反应, 得到如下结构式表示的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元 的聚合物:
Figure imgf000005_0001
其中, n为 1 ~ 200的整数; m为 1 ~ 20的整数;
x、 y为正实数, JLx+y=l;
R2为氢、 卤素、 氰基、 d Co的烷基、 C Co的芳基或 C
芳基;
R3、 R4为氢、 卤素、 氰基、 Ci~C40的烷基、 Ci~C40烷氧基、 C6
C6 ~ C40芳烷基或 C6 ~ C40芳基烷氧基。
优选的, 步骤 S1中, 化合物 A由如下步骤制得:
分别提供如下结构式的化合物 D和 E:
\'〇;B- B:〇-
D:
Figure imgf000005_0002
; E: 〇, 、CTh; 其中, m为 1 ~20的整数;
无水无氧环境中, -70°C ~-85°C条件下, 将化合物 D加入溶剂中, 按正丁基 锂与化合物 D摩尔比为 2: 1 ~4: 1加入正丁基锂 , 搅拌 2小时; 溶剂为选自四 氢呋喃、 乙醚、 二氯曱烷、 三氯曱烷和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;
按化合物 D摩尔数的 2 ~ 4倍加入化合物 E, 升温至室温反应 12 ~ 48小时, 得到如下结
A:
Figure imgf000005_0003
; 其中, m为 1 ~ 20的整数。 优选的, 步骤 S12 中, 有机溶剂为选自曱苯、 乙二醇二曱醚、 四氢呋喃、 乙醚、 二氯曱烷、 三氯曱烷和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种; 碱溶液加入量为所述 化合物 A摩尔数的 5〜10倍; 催化剂加入量为化合物 A摩尔数的 0.5%〜10%; 催 化剂为有机钯或有机钯与有机膦配体的混合物;碱溶液为 NaOH水溶液、 Na2C03 水溶液、 NaHC03水溶液或四乙基氢氧化铵水溶液; Suzuki反应反应温度为 60〜100°C , 反应时间为 12〜72小时。
优选的, 有机钯与有机膦配体的混合物中, 有机钯与有机膦配体的摩尔比 为 1:2〜20;有机钯为 Pd2(dba)3、Pd(PPh3)4或 Pd(PPh3)2Cl2;有机膦配体为 P(o-Tol)3
优选的, 该制备方法还包括制得聚合物后的纯化过程, 具体步骤如下: S13、向步骤 S12制得的聚合物中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取,取有机相, 用减压蒸馏的方法将有机相蒸馏后将其滴入到无水曱醇中不断搅拌, 有固体沉 淀析出, 经过抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末, 再将固体粉末用氯仿溶解, 过中性 氧化铝层析柱, 除去催化剂后旋蒸, 再将其滴入曱醇溶剂中并搅拌, 最后用索 氏抽提器抽提, 得到纯化后的聚合物。
一种采用上述聚合物制备的太阳能电池器件, 包括衬底, 沉积在衬底一个 表面上的、作为阳极的导电层, 涂覆在导电层上的起修饰作用的聚 3,4-亚乙二氧 基噻吩: 聚苯乙烯磺酸层, 涂覆在聚 3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩: 聚苯乙烯磺酸层表面 的活性层, 以及设置在活性层表面、 作为阴极的金属铝层; 活性层的材质为混 合物, 包括电子给体材料和电子受体材料; 电子受体材料为 [6,6]苯基 -C61-丁酸曱 酯, 电子给体材料含上述的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物。
一种采用上述聚合物制备的有机电致发光器件, 包括衬底, 沉积在衬底的 一个表面上的、 作为阳极的导电层, 涂覆在导电层上的发光层, 蒸镀在发光层 上的以 LiF 为材质的緩冲层, 以及设置在緩冲层上的、 作为阴极的金属铝层, 其特征在于, 发光层材料含上述的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物。
一种采用上述聚合物制备的有机场效应晶体管, 其结构依次包括: 掺杂硅 片, Si02绝缘层, 用于修饰 Si02绝缘层的十八烷基三氯硅烷层, 涂覆在十八烷 基三氯硅烷层上的有机半导体层, 间隔设置在有机半导体层上的源电极和漏电 极, 其特征在于, 所述有机半导体层材料含上述的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元 的聚合物。
蒽及其衍生物具有艮好的稳定性和较好的成膜性; 其紫外可见光谱呈现出 较宽的手指峰吸收, 有利于提高对太阳光的吸收覆盖范围; 并且它具有适当的 载流子传输特性, 其晶体室温下空穴迁移率可达 3cm2/V.s, 是一类优异的有机 半导体材料。 含芴单元的化合物具有易修饰的结构、 具有良好的光热稳定性和 成膜性。
这种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物具有较低的能隙, 较高的迁移率, 光谱的吸收范围宽, 并且这种聚合物材料有利于载流子在活性层材料内部更为 有效地传递。
【附图说明】
图 1为太阳能电池器件一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 2为有机电致发光器件一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 3为有机场效应晶体管一个实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
本发明的目的在于提供一种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物及其制备 方法, 并指出了该材料在聚合物在光电领域的应用。
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中, n为 1 ~ 200的整数, m为 1 ~20的整数; x、 y为正实数, JLx+y=l; 、 为11、 卤素、氛基、 d Co的烷基、 1~€40的芳基或01 ~€40的杂芳基; R3、 为11、 卤素、 氛基、 Ci~C40的烷基、 Ci~C40烷氧基、 C6~C40芳基、 C6~ C40芳烷基或 C6 ~ C40芳基烷氧基。
上述 、 R2、 R3、 R4可表示单取代的官能团, 也可以表示多取代的官能团, 例如 代表两个取代基、 三个取代基等。 一种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物的制备方法, 步骤如下:
步骤一
分别提供如下结构式的化合物 D和 E:
D:
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中, m为 1 ~20的整数;
无水无氧环境中, -70°C ~-85°C条件下, 将化合物 D加入溶剂中, 按正丁基 锂与化合物 D摩尔比为 2: 1~4: 1加入正丁基锂, 搅拌 2小时; 所述溶剂为选 自四氢呋喃、 乙醚、 二氯曱烷、 三氯曱烷和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;
按化合物 D摩尔数的 2 ~ 4倍加入化合物 E, 升温至室温反应 12 ~ 48小时, 得到如下结构式的化合物 A:
A:
Figure imgf000008_0002
其中, m为 1 ~20的整数。 步骤二
提供如下结构式表示的化合物八、 B. C
Figure imgf000008_0003
C:
Figure imgf000008_0004
; 其中, m为 1~20的整数;
在无氧环境中, 有机溶剂、 催化剂和碱溶液存在条件下, 将化合物 、 B、 C进行 Suzuki偶合反应, 得到如下结构式表示的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的 聚
Figure imgf000009_0001
其中, n为 1 ~ 200的整数; m为 1 ~ 20的整数;
x、 y为正实数, JLx+y=l;
Ri, R2为氢、 卤素、 氰基、 Ci~C40的烷基、 Ci~C40的芳基或 Ci~C40的杂 芳基;
R3、 R4为氢、 1¾素、 氰基、 C Co的烷基、 C Co烷氧基、 C6~C40芳基、
C6 ~ C40芳烷基或 C6 ~ C40芳基烷氧基。
上述 、 R2、 R3、 R4可表示单取代的官能团, 也可以表示多取代的官能团, 例如 代表两个取代基、 三个取代基等。
优选的, 步骤二中, 有机溶剂为选自曱苯、 乙二醇二曱醚、 四氢呋喃、 乙 醚、二氯曱烷、三氯曱烷和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种; 催化剂加入量为化合物 A 摩尔数的 0.5%〜10%; 催化剂为有机钯或有机钯与有机膦配体的混合物; 碱溶液 加入量为所述化合物 A摩尔数的 5〜10倍; 碱溶液为 NaOH水溶液、 Na2C03水 溶液、 NaHC03水溶液或四乙基氢氧化铵水溶液; Suzuki 反应反应温度为 60〜100°C , 反应时间为 12〜72小时。
优选的, 所述有机钯与有机膦配体的混合物中, 有机钯与有机膦配体的摩 尔比为 1:2〜20; 有机钯为 Pd2(dba)3、 Pd(PPh3)4或 Pd(PPh3)2Cl2; 有机膦配体为 P(o-Tol)3
在具体的实施方式中, 上述无氧条件可以通过氮气或者惰性气体保护的方 式实现。
步骤三向上述制得的聚合物中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取, 取有机相, 用减压蒸馏的方法将有机相蒸馏后将其滴入到无水曱醇中不断搅拌, 有固体沉 淀析出, 经过抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末, 再将固体粉末用氯仿溶解, 过中性 氧化铝层析柱, 除去催化剂后旋蒸, 再将其滴入曱醇溶剂中并搅拌, 最后用索 氏抽提器抽提, 得到纯化后的聚合物。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明公开的聚合物及其制备方法和应用作进一步 的说明。
实施例 1
本实
Figure imgf000010_0001
该聚合物的制备过程如下:
一、 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴的制备:
Figure imgf000010_0002
搭好无水无氧反应装置, 在不断搅拌和 N2的保护下, 往三口瓶中加入白色 的 2,7-二溴 -9,9-二辛基芴 9.0mmol, 用注射器注入 150ml精制的四氢呋喃溶剂, 在 -78°C条件下再用注射器慢慢注入 27.0mmol n-BuLi, 搅拌反应 2小时。 反应 2 小时后,在 -78°C条件下用注射器注入 30.6mmol 2-异丙氧基 -4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2- 二杂氧戊硼烷, 升温到室温反应过夜。
反应结束后, 加入饱和 NaCl水溶液, 氯仿萃取, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 抽滤后 将滤液收集并旋蒸掉溶剂。 最后用石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 (v/v=15:l)为淋洗液将粗产 物进行硅胶柱层析分离,得到粉末状固体 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼 烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴, 产率 65%。 GC-MS (EI-m/z): 642 (M+)。
二、 结构如下的聚合物的制备
Figure imgf000011_0001
PI的制备
在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 111111101、9,10-二溴蒽0.111111101、4,7-二(5,-溴-2,-噻。分基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑0.911111101、 四三苯基膦钯 0.025mmol、 2mol/L的 Na2C03水溶液 5ml和曱苯溶剂 30ml, 通 过反复进行通 N2和抽真空使反应体系处于无氧状态, 在 90°C条件下反应 70h。
反应 70h后, 往产物的反应瓶中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取, 取有机相, 用减压蒸馏的方法将聚合物 /曱苯溶液蒸干至约 5ml左右, 将其滴入到 300ml无 水曱醇中不断搅拌, 并有固体沉淀析出, 经过抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末。 再 将固体粉末用氯仿溶解, 用中性氧化铝过层析柱, 除去催化剂四三苯基膦钯, 最后将聚合物 /氯仿溶液旋蒸至剩 5ml左右,将其滴入曱醇溶剂中并搅拌数小时, 最后将聚合物 P1收集烘干。 用索氏抽提器将聚合物抽提, 从而提高聚合物分子 量的单分散性。
将提纯后的聚合物 P1进行 GPC测试, 数均分子量 Mn 52400, 聚合物单分 散性为 2.45。
P2的制备
在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 lmmol、9,10-二溴蒽 0.5mmol、4,7-二 (5,-溴 -2,-噻。分基) -2,1,3-苯并噻二唑 0.5mmol, 其它物体投料量、 反应条件和后处理方法均不变, 则最终得到聚合物 P2。 将提 纯后的聚合物 P2进行 GPC测试, 数均分子量 Mn 41700, 聚合物单分散性为 2.16。 实施例 2
本实施例公开结构如下的聚合物
Figure imgf000012_0001
聚合物 P3 x=0. 8, y=0. 2
P4 x=0. 2 , y=0. 8
该聚合物的制备过程如下:
一、 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴的制备
Figure imgf000012_0002
搭好无水无氧反应装置, 在不断搅拌和 N2的保护下, 往三口瓶中加入白色 的 2,7-二溴 -9,9-二辛基芴 9.0mmol, 用注射器注入 150ml精制的四氢呋喃溶剂, 在 -78°C条件下再用注射器慢慢注入 27.0mmol n-BuLi, 搅拌反应 2小时。 反应 2 小时后,在 -78°C条件下用注射器注入 30.6mmol 2-异丙氧基 -4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2- 二杂氧戊硼烷, 升温到室温反应过夜。
反应结束后, 加入饱和 NaCl水溶液, 氯仿萃取, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 抽滤后 将滤液收集并旋蒸掉溶剂。 最后用石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 (v/v=15:l)为淋洗液将粗产 物进行硅胶柱层析分离,得到粉末状固体 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼 烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴, 产率 65%。 GC-MS (EI-m/z): 642 (M+)。
二、 结构如下的聚合物的制备
Figure imgf000013_0001
聚合物 P3 χ=0. 8 , y=0. 2
P4 x=0. 2 , y=0. 8
P3的制备
在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 ImmoL 9, 10-二溴 -2,6-二 (2-辛基癸基)蒽 0.8mmol (该化合物制备方法参见 Klaus Mullen等人的 Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2006, 207, 1107-1115 )、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -2,-噻 口分基 )-2, 1,3-苯并噻二唑 0.2mmol、 四三苯基膦钯 0.02mmol、 2mol/L的 Na2C03 水溶液 10ml和曱苯溶剂 40ml, 通过反复进行通 N2和抽真空使反应体系处于无 氧状态, 在 85 °C条件下反应 48h。
反应 48h后, 往反应瓶中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取, 取有机相, 用减 压蒸馏的方法将聚合物 /曱苯溶液蒸干至少量, 将其滴入到 300ml无水曱醇中不 断搅拌, 有固体沉淀析出, 经过抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末。 再将固体粉末用 氯仿溶解, 用中性氧化铝过层析柱, 除去催化剂四三苯基膦钯, 最后将聚合物 / 氯仿溶液旋蒸至剩 5ml左右, 将其滴入曱醇溶剂中并搅拌数小时, 最后将聚合 物 P3收集烘干。 用索氏抽提器将聚合物抽提, 从而提高聚合物分子量的单分散 性。
将提纯后的聚合物 P3进行 GPC测试, 数均分子量 Mn 35100, 聚合物单分 散性为 1.97。
P4的制备 在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 lmmol、 9, 10-二溴 -2,6-二 (2-辛基癸基)蒽 0.2mmol、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -2,-噻。分基) -2,1,3- 苯并噻二唑 0.8mmol, 其它物体投料量、反应条件和后处理方法均不变, 则最终 得到聚合物 P4。 将提纯后的聚合物 P4进行 GPC测试, 数均分子量 Mn 38600, 聚合物单分散性为 1.88。 实施例 3
本实施例公开结构如下的聚合物
Figure imgf000014_0001
聚合物 P5 x=0. 2 , y=0. 8
P6 x=0. 5, y=0. 5
该聚合物的制备过程如下:
一、 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴的制备
Figure imgf000014_0002
搭好无水无氧反应装置, 在不断搅拌和 N2的保护下, 往三口瓶中加入白色 的 2,7-二溴 -9,9-二辛基芴 9.0mmol, 用注射器注入 150ml精制的四氢呋喃溶剂, 在 -78°C条件下再用注射器慢慢注入 27.0mmol n-BuLi, 搅拌反应 2小时。 反应 2 小时后,在 -78°C条件下用注射器注入 30.6mmol 2-异丙氧基 -4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2- 二杂氧戊硼烷, 升温到室温反应过夜。
反应结束后, 加入饱和 NaCl水溶液, 氯仿萃取, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 抽虑后 将滤液收集并旋蒸掉溶剂。 最后将粗产物用石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 (v/v=15: l)为淋洗 液进行硅胶柱层析分离,得到粉末状固体 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼 烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴, 产率 65%。 GC-MS (EI-m/z): 642 (M+)。 二、 结构如下的聚合物的制备
Figure imgf000015_0001
聚合物 P5 x=0. 2 , y=0. 8
P6 χ=0· 5, y=0. 5
Ρ5的制备
在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 lmmol、 9,10-二溴 -2,6-二 (2-辛基癸基)蒽 0.2mmol、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -4,-己基 -2,-噻吩 基) -2, 1,3-苯并噻二唑 0.8mmol、 四三苯基膦钯 0.022mmol、 2mol/L的 Na2C03水 溶液 10ml和曱苯溶剂 40ml , 通过反复进行通 N2和抽真空使反应体系处于无氧 状态, 在 90°C条件下反应 72h。
反应 72h后, 往产物的反应瓶中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取, 取有机相, 用减压蒸馏的方法将聚合物 /曱苯溶液蒸干至约 5ml左右, 将其滴入到 400ml无 水乙醇中不断搅拌, 有固体沉淀析出, 抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末。 再将固体 粉末用氯仿溶解, 用中性氧化铝过层析柱, 除去催化剂四三苯基膦钯, 最后将 聚合物 /氯仿溶液旋蒸至剩 5ml左右, 将其滴入乙醇中并搅拌数小时, 最后将聚 合物 P5收集烘干。 用索氏抽提器将聚合物抽提, 从而提高聚合物分子量的单分 散性。
将提纯后的聚合物 P5进行 GPC测试, 数均分子量 Mn 71400, 聚合物单分 散性为 2.65。
P6的制备 在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 lmmol、 9,10-二溴 -2,6-二 (2-辛基癸基)蒽 0.5mmol、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -4,-己基 -2,-噻口分 基) -2,1,3-苯并噻二唑 0.5mmol,其它物体投料量、反应条件和后处理方法均不变, 则最终得到聚合物 P6。 将提纯后的聚合物 P6 进行 GPC 测试, 数均分子量 Mn~65700, 聚合物单分散性为 2.28。 实施例 4
本实施例公开结构如下的聚合物
Figure imgf000016_0001
该聚合物的制备步骤如下:
一、 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二癸基芴的制备:
Figure imgf000016_0002
搭好无水无氧反应装置, 在不断搅拌和 N2的保护下, 往三口瓶中加入白色 的 2,7-二溴 -9,9-二癸基芴 9.0mmol, 用注射器注入 200ml精制的四氢呋喃溶剂, 在 -78°C条件下再用注射器慢慢注入 25.0mmol n-BuLi, 搅拌反应 2小时。
反应 2小时后, 在 -78°C条件下用注射器注入 28.0mmol 2-异丙氧基 -4,4,5,5- 四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷, 升温到室温反应过夜。
反应结束后, 加入饱和 NaCl水溶液, 氯仿萃取, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 抽滤后 将滤液收集并旋蒸掉溶剂。 最后将粗产物用石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂为淋 洗液进行硅胶柱层析分离,得到粉末状固体 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊 硼烷)基 -9,9-二癸基芴, 产率 71%。 GC-MS (EI-m/z): 699 (M+)。 二、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -4,-己基 -2,-噻。分基) -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2,1,3-苯并噻二唑的 制备:
Figure imgf000017_0001
将 4,7-二溴 -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2, 1,3-苯并噻二唑 lmmol和 4-己基 -2-三丁基 锡基噻吩 2.2mmol溶于无水曱苯溶剂, 再加入四三苯基膦钯 0.03mmol, 在氮气 的保护下回流反应过夜。冷却后在曱醇溶剂中沉降, 经过硅胶柱提纯后得到 4,7- 二 (4,-己基 -2,-噻。分基) -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2, 1,3-苯并噻二唑, 产率 68%。 GC-MS (EI-m/z): 893 (M+)。
将 4,7-二 (4,-己基 -2,-噻。分基) -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2, 1,3-苯并噻二唑 lmmol和 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺 (NBS)2.3mmol溶于 300ml氯仿溶剂, 加入至氩气保护的两口 反应瓶中并不断搅拌, 室温条件下避光反应 50小时。 产物经过后处理, 真空干 燥并进行硅胶柱层析提纯后, 得到固体粉末状产物 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -4,-己基 -2,-噻吩 基) -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2, 1,3-苯并噻二唑,产率 72%。 GC-MS (EI-m/z): 1051 (M+)。
三、 结构如下的聚合物的制备
Figure imgf000017_0002
P8 x=0. 05 , y=0. 95 P7的制备
在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二癸基芴 lmmol、 9,10-二溴 -2,6-二 (2-辛基癸基)蒽 0.5mmol、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -4,-己基 -2,-噻吩 基) -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2,1,3-苯并噻二唑 0.5mmol、 四三苯基膦钯 0.025mmol、 2mol/L的 Na2C03水溶液 10ml和曱苯溶剂 40ml, 通过反复进行通 N2和抽真空 ^^应体系处于无氧状态, 在 88°C条件下反应 60h。
反应 60h后, 往产物的反应瓶中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取, 取有机相, 用减压蒸馏的方法将聚合物 /曱苯溶液蒸干至少量, 将其滴入到 400ml无水乙醇 中不断搅拌, 并有固体沉淀析出, 经过抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末。 再将固体 粉末用氯仿溶解, 用中性氧化铝过层析柱, 除去催化剂四三苯基膦钯, 最后将 聚合物 /氯仿溶液旋蒸至剩 5ml左右, 将其滴入乙醇溶剂中并搅拌数小时, 最后 将聚合物 P7收集烘干。 用索氏抽提器将聚合物抽提, 从而提高聚合物分子量的 单分散性。
将提纯后的聚合物 P7进行 GPC测试, 数均分子量 Mn 59800, 聚合物单分 散性为 2.57。
P8的制备
在反应器中加入 2,7-二 (4,4,5,5-四曱基 -1,3,2-二杂氧戊硼烷)基 -9,9-二辛基芴 lmmol、 9, 10-二溴 -2,6-二 (2-辛基癸基)蒽 0.05mmol、 4,7-二 (5,-溴 -4,-己基 -2,-噻吩 基) -5,6-双十四烷氧基 -2,1,3-苯并噻二唑 0.95mmol, 其它物体投料量、 反应条件 和后处理方法均不变, 则最终得到聚合物 P8。 将提纯后的聚合物 P8进行 GPC 测试, 数均分子量 Mn 61400, 聚合物单分散性为 2.03。 以下实施例是含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物在聚合物太阳能电池, 有机电致发光器件, 有机场效应晶体管, 有机光存储, 有机非线性材料和有机 激光材料等领域中的应用。 实施例 5
一种太阳能电池器件, 其结构如图 1。 本实施例中采用 ITO玻璃(铟锡氧化 物玻璃), 即玻璃作为衬底, ITO (铟锡氧化物)作为导电层, 聚合物采用前述 实施例 1中的聚合物 。
该太阳能电池器件的结构为: 玻璃 /ITO/PEDOT:PSS/活性层 /A1 ; 其中, 活 性层的材质为混合物,包括以 [6,6]苯基 -C61-丁酸曱酯为材质的电子给体材料和以 含芴、蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物为材质的电子受体材料; ITO是方块电阻为 10-20 Ω/口的氧化铟锡, PEDOT为聚 3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩, PSS为聚苯乙烯磺酸。
该太阳能电池器件的制造过程如下:
ITO玻璃经过超声波清洗, 并用氧 -Plasma处理后, 在 ITO表面涂上一层起 修饰作用的 PEDOT:PSS层;
在所述 PEDOT:PSS层上采用旋涂技术涂覆一层活性层, 该活性层的材质包 括以 [6,6]苯基 -C61-丁酸曱酯为材质的电子给体材料和以含芴、蒽和苯并噻二唑单 元的聚合物为材质的电子受体材料;
在所述活性层的表面真空蒸镀金属铝, 形成作为阴极的金属铝层, 得到所 述有机太阳能电池器件。 本实施例中, 金属铝层的厚度分别为 170 nm, 在其他 的实施例中, 金属铝层的厚度还可以为 30 nm、 130 nm, 60 nm。
在本实施例中, 该太阳能电池经过 110摄氏度密闭条件下 4小时, 再降到 室温, 器件经过退火后能有效增加分子内各基团和分子链段间排列的有序性和 规整度, 提高载流子迁移率的传输速度和效率, 进而提高光电转换效率。 实施例 6
一种有机电致发光器件, 结构如图 2所示。 本实施例中采用 ITO玻璃(铟 锡氧化物玻璃), 即玻璃作为衬底, ITO (铟锡氧化物)作为导电层, 聚合物采 用前述实施例 1中的聚合物 Pl。
该有机电致发光器件的结构为: 玻璃 /ITO/发光层 /緩冲层 /A1; 其中, 发光层 采用含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物; 緩冲层材质为 LiF; ITO是方块电阻 为 10-20 Ω/口的氧化铟锡, PEDOT为聚 3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩, PSS为聚苯乙烯 磺酸。
该有机电致发光器件的制造过程如下: ITO玻璃经过超声波清洗, 并用氧 -Plasma处理后, 在 ITO表面涂上一层含 芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物形成发光层;
在所述发光上采用真空蒸镀技术涂覆一层 LiF形成緩冲层;
在所述緩冲层的表面真空蒸镀金属铝, 形成作为阴极的金属铝层, 得到所 述有机电致发光器件。 本实施例中, 金属铝层的厚度分别为 170 nm, 在其他的 实施例中, 金属铝层的厚度还可以为 30 nm、 130 nm, 60 nm。 实施例 7
一种有机场效应晶体管, 结构如图 3 所示。 本实施例中采用高掺杂的硅片 作为衬底, 聚合物采用前述实施例 1中的聚合物 Pl。
该有机场效应晶体管的结构为: Si/Si02/OTS/有机半导体层 /源电极( S )和 漏电极(D ); 其中, Si02厚度为 500nm, 起到绝缘作用; OTS为十八烷基三氯 硅烷; 有机半导体层材质为含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物; 源电极(S ) 和漏电极(D )采用金属金制作。
该有机场效应晶体管的制造过程如下:
清洗掺杂硅衬底, 沉积具有绝缘作用的 Si02层;
在所述 Si02绝缘层上涂覆 OTS, 形成 OTS层;
在所述 OTS层上涂覆一层含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物, 形成有机 半导体层;
在所述有机半导体层上设置金属金材质的源电极和漏电极, 得到所述有机 场效应晶体管。
但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。 应当指出的是, 对于本领域 的普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干变形和 改进, 这些都属于本发明的保护范围。 因此, 本发明专利的保护范围应以所附 权利要求为准。

Claims

权利要求书
1 一种含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物, 具有如下结构:
Figure imgf000021_0001
其中, n为 1 ~ 200的整数, m为 1 ~ 20的整数;
x、 y为正实数, JLx+y=l;
R2为氢、 卤素、 氰基、 d Co的烷基、 Cj - C40 ^ d - C40 ^ ^ 芳基;
R3、 R4为氢、 1¾素、 氰基、 Ci~C40的烷基、 Ci~C40烷氧基、 C6~C40芳基、 C6 ~ C40芳烷基或 C6 ~ C40芳基烷氧基。
2、 一种权利要求 1所述聚合物的制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括如下步骤:
Figure imgf000021_0002
S12、 在无氧环境中, 有机溶剂、催化剂和碱溶液存在条件下, 将化合物八、 B、 C进行 Suzuki偶合反应, 得到如下结构式表示的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元 的聚合物:
Figure imgf000022_0001
其中, n为 1 ~ 200的整数; m为 1 ~ 20的整数;
x、 y为正实数, JLx+y=l;
R2为氢、 卤素、 氰基、 d Co的烷基、 Cj - C40 ^ d - C40 ^ ^ 芳基;
R3、 R4为氢、 1¾素、 氰基、 Ci~C40的烷基、 Ci~C40烷氧基、 C6~C40芳基、 C6 ~ C40芳烷基或 C6 ~ C40芳基烷氧基。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 S11中, 所述化合物 A由如下步骤制得:
分别提供如下结构式的化合物 D和 E:
D:
Figure imgf000022_0002
. E: 其中, m为 1 ~20的整数;
无水无氧环境中, -70°C ~-85°C条件下, 将化合物 D加入溶剂中, 按正丁基 锂与化合物 D摩尔比为 2: 1~4: 1加入正丁基锂, 搅拌 2小时; 所述溶剂为选 自四氢呋喃、 乙醚、 二氯曱烷、 三氯曱烷和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;
按化合物 D摩尔数的 2 ~ 4倍加入化合物 E, 升温至室温反应 12 ~ 48小时, 得到如下结
A:
Figure imgf000022_0003
; 其中, m为 1~20的整数。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 S12中, 所述有机溶 剂为选自曱苯、 乙二醇二曱醚、 四氢呋喃、 乙醚、 二氯曱烷、 三氯曱烷和乙酸 乙酯中的一种或几种;
所述催化剂加入量为所述化合物 A摩尔数的 0.5%〜10%;
所述催化剂为有机钯或有机钯与有机膦配体的混合物;
所述碱溶液的加入量为所述化合物 A摩尔数的 5〜10倍;
所述碱溶液为 NaOH水溶液、 Na2CO^ 溶液、 NaHC03水溶液或四乙基氢 氧化铵水溶液;
所述 Suzuki偶合反应中, 反应温度为 60〜100。C , 反应时间为 12〜72小时。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述有机钯与有机膦配体 的混合物中, 有机钯与有机膦配体的摩尔比为 1 :2〜20。
6、如权利要求 4或 5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机钯为 Pd2(dba)3、 Pd(PPh3)4或 Pd(PPh3)2Cl2;
所述有机膦配体为 P(o-Tol)3
7、 如权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 还包括制得聚合物后的纯 化过程, 具体步骤如下:
S13、向步骤 S12制得的聚合物中加入去离子水和曱苯进行萃取,取有机相, 用减压蒸馏的方法将有机相蒸馏后滴入到无水曱醇中不断搅拌, 析出固体沉淀, 经过抽滤、 烘干后得到固体粉末, 再将固体粉末用氯仿溶解, 过中性氧化铝层 析柱分离, 除去催化剂后旋蒸, 再滴入曱醇溶剂中并搅拌, 最后用索氏抽提器 抽提, 得到纯化后的聚合物。
8、 一种权利要求 1所述聚合物制备的太阳能电池器件, 包括衬底, 沉积在 所述衬底一个表面上的、 作为阳极的导电层, 涂覆在所述导电层上的起修饰作 用的聚 3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩: 聚苯乙烯磺酸层, 涂覆在所述聚 3,4-亚乙二氧基噻 吩: 聚苯乙烯横酸层表面的活性层, 以及设置在所述活性层表面、 作为阴极的 金属铝层; 所述活性层的材质为混合物, 包括电子给体材料和电子受体材料; 所述电子受体材料为 [6,6]苯基 -C61 -丁酸曱酯,其特征在于,所述电子给体材料含 权利要求 1所述的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物。
9、 一种权利要求 1所述聚合物制备的有机电致发光器件, 包括衬底, 沉积 在所述衬底的一个表面上的、 作为阳极的导电层, 涂覆在所述导电层上的发光 层, 蒸镀在所述发光层上的以 LiF 为材质的緩冲层, 以及设置在所述緩冲层上 的、 作为阴极的金属铝层, 其特征在于, 所述发光层材料含权利要求 1 所述的 含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物。
10、 一种权利要求 1 所述聚合物制备的有机场效应晶体管, 其结构依次包 括: 掺杂硅片, SiO 缘层, 用于修饰所述 Si02绝缘层的十八烷基三氯硅烷层, 涂覆在所述十八烷基三氯硅烷层上的有机半导体层, 间隔设置在所述有机半导 体层上的源电极和漏电极, 其特征在于, 所述有机半导体层材料含权利要求 1 所述的含芴、 蒽和苯并噻二唑单元的聚合物。
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