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WO2011021208A1 - Système et procédé servant à traiter une biomasse - Google Patents

Système et procédé servant à traiter une biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011021208A1
WO2011021208A1 PCT/IN2010/000450 IN2010000450W WO2011021208A1 WO 2011021208 A1 WO2011021208 A1 WO 2011021208A1 IN 2010000450 W IN2010000450 W IN 2010000450W WO 2011021208 A1 WO2011021208 A1 WO 2011021208A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biomass
zone
processing system
crushing
receiving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IN2010/000450
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Babu Padmanabhan
S. Prasanna Kumar
John Selvaraj
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steer Engineering Pvt Ltd
Original Assignee
Steer Engineering Pvt Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steer Engineering Pvt Ltd filed Critical Steer Engineering Pvt Ltd
Publication of WO2011021208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011021208A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/484—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with two shafts provided with screws, e.g. one screw being shorter than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B29B7/92—Wood chips or wood fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/57—Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/682—Barrels or cylinders for twin screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/12—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of short length, e.g. in the form of a mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
    • C08J2300/22—Thermoplastic resins

Definitions

  • the document generally relates to a method and system for processing biomass. More particularly the document relates to a method and system for processing biomass for its use in manufacture of reinforced thermoplastics composite.
  • thermoplastics are finding application in a number of fields.
  • Generally reinforced thermoplastic composites are made by adding artificial fibres such as glass fibres to plastic polymers. Use of such artificial fibres is expensive and causes environmental pollution.
  • Biomass such as wood and wood waste, agricultural waste such as wheat straw, peanut shell, rice husk, olive residue etc natural fibers such as jute, hemp, kenaf, sisal, flax, coir etc, and organic fibers such as cellulose fiber can be used for reinforcing polymeric materials.
  • biomass or fibers are added to the molten polymers in a desired ratio.
  • Natural fibres are typically available as bales having long fibre lengths, and having large specific volume. The large specific volume of such fibres, makes it very difficult to feed natural fibres into the extruder, often causing jamming or burning problems. Such difficulties are compounded when a specific feed rate of such fibres is required in the mixing operation.
  • the length of the fibres is to be reduced.
  • the length of the fibres is reduced by either manually cutting the natural fibres, or by using bale cutting machines.
  • bale cutters do not give a uniform fibre length and a subsequent sieving is required to obtain natural fibres within a specific range.
  • Bale cutters also do not have a large capacity, and to meet the requirements of a plastic mixing process, multiple bale cutters may be required.
  • raw biomass is usually not available in the particle size that is needed for compounding with polymers.
  • raw biomass in its natural form often has high moisture content.
  • the disclosure relates to a biomass processing system.
  • the system comprises a barrel having two parallel bores of equal diameter, the centre distance between the two bores lesser than the diameter of the bore, an inlet configured for receiving the biomass to be processed and an outlet for the processed biomass, a shaft located within each bore, each shaft configured for rotation in the same direction and a plurality of processing segments removably mounted on each shaft, forming three zones within the barrel.
  • the zones include a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating biomass, a crushing zone configured for crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone and a conveying zone configured for conveying crushed biomass to the outlet.
  • the disclosure also relates to a method for processing biomass.
  • the method comprises feeding biomass into a biomass processing system, the biomass processing system comprising barrel having two parallel bores of equal diameter, the centre distance between the two bores lesser than the diameter of the bore, an inlet configured for receiving the biomass to be processed and an outlet for the processed biomass, a shaft located within each bore, each shaft configured for rotation in the same direction; and a plurality of processing segments removably mounted on each shaft, forming three zones within the barrel.
  • the zones including a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating biomass, a crushing zone configured for crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone; and a conveying zone configured for conveying crushed biomass to the outlet, wherein the processing element in at least one zone of the biomass processing system have substantially uniform element-element clearance in radial plane throughout the length of the processing elements.
  • the method comprises feeding biomass into the receiving zone through the inlet of the biomass processing system; crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone by passing it through the crushing zone; and conveying the crushed biomass received from the crushing zone to the outlet.
  • the disclosure also relates to a method for manufacturing a biomass reinforced thermoplastic composite.
  • the method comprises processing the biomass in a biomass processing system, the biomass processing system comprising a barrel having two parallel bores of equal diameter, the centre distance between the two bores lesser than the diameter of the bore; an inlet configured for receiving the biomass to be processed and an outlet for the processed biomass; a shaft located within each bore, each shaft configured for rotation in the same direction; and a plurality of processing segments removably mounted on each shaft, forming three zones within the barrel.
  • the zones including a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating the biomass, a crushing zone configured for crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone and a conveying zone configured for conveying crushed biomass to the outlet; wherein the processing element in at least one zone of the biomass processing system have substantially uniform element-element clearance in radial plane throughout the length of the processing elements.
  • the method comprises feeding biomass into the receiving zone through the inlet of the biomass processing system; crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone by passing it through the crushing zone; and conveying the crushed biomass received from the crushing zone to the outlet; and adding the processed biomass received from the fibre crushing system to a thermoplastic polymer to obtain the biomass reinforced thermoplastic composite.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a biomass processing system in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a screw shaft of the biomass processing system in accordance an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a screw shaft of the biomass processing system in accordance an alternate embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates radial plane of the biomass processing system in accordance with an embodiment.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the fibre length distribution for a sample of a bale of jute fibres passed through the biomass processing system.
  • Figure 6 is a magnified image of a sample of crushed jute fibres obtained by passing a bale of jute fibres through the biomass processing system.
  • the document generally relates to a method and system for processing biomass. More particularly the document relates to a method and system for processing biomass for its use in manufacture of reinforced thermoplastics composite.
  • the biomass processing system comprises of an inlet hopper configured to receive a fibres to be crushed, a twin screw system configured for crushing the fibre and an outlet for passing the crushed fibre from the system.
  • the biomass processing system comprises of a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating the fibres to be crushed fed from the inlet hopper, a crushing zone configured for crushing the fibres received from the receiving zone and a conveying zone configured for conveying the crushed fibres from the crushing zone to the outlet.
  • the biomass processing system comprises of a co-rotating twin screw system (10) comprising of a long barrel (12) having two parallel bores (14) that intersect each other. Two parallel shafts (16) and (18) that are both driven in the same direction are placed in the bore (14). Processing segments (20) are mounted one after the other in a continuous chain on the shaft (16) and (18) that transmits the rotary motion without slippage to the processing segments (20).
  • the biomass processing system comprises of three regions, the receiving zone (22) configured for receiving and separating the fibres to be crushed fed from the inlet hopper (28), a crushing zone (24) configured for crushing the fibres received from the receiving zone (22) and a conveying zone (26) configured for conveying the crushed fibres from the crushing zone (24) to the outlet (30).
  • C 0 is the receiving zone (22)
  • C 1 forms the crushing zone (24)
  • C 2 and C 3 form the conveying zone (26).
  • the lengths of the zones may be determined based on the length and the nature of the fibres to be crushed and on the required length of the end product.
  • the length of the receiving zone (22) is in the range of 2 to 5 times the barrel diameter.
  • the length of the crushing zone (24) is in the range of 1 to 7 times the barrel diameter and the length of the conveying zone (26) is in the range of 1 to 10 times the barrel diameter.
  • the length of the receiving zone (22) is approximately 5 times the barrel diameter
  • the length of the crushing zone (24) is approximately 2 times the barrel diameter
  • the length of the conveying zone (26) is approximately 9 times the barrel diameter.
  • the processing segments (20) provided in each zone are configured for that zone. By way of a specific example, suitable available extruder elements may be provisioned in each zone.
  • processing elements (20) are twin screw extruder elements.
  • the twin screw extruder elements may be completely intermeshing elements.
  • the receiving zone (22) is provided with processing segments (20) configured for receiving and separating the fibres to be crushed received from the inlet hopper (28) and for conveying the fibres to be crushed to the crushing zone (24).
  • processing segments (20) provided in the receiving zone (22) are extruder conveying elements.
  • the extruder elements that may be provided in the receiving zone (22) include but are not limited to a SchubKanten Elements or Regular Flighted Shovel element or their combination.
  • the receiving zone (22) is provided with three SchubKanten Elements having a 90 mm pitch and a 90 mm length (SKE90/90).
  • the receiving zone (22) is provided with two SKE90/90 elements.
  • the crushing zone (24) is provided with crushing elements configured for crushing natural fibres.
  • the crushing elements provided in the crushing zone (24) are extruder kneading elements.
  • the crushing zone (24) comprises of at least one extruder kneading element.
  • extruder kneading elements may be used in the crushing zone (22).
  • the extruder kneading element that may be provided in the crushing zone (22) include but is not limited to right handed kneading blocks, neutral kneading blocks, left handed kneaded blocks, eccentric kneading blocks, fractional lobed kneading blocks or their combination.
  • the crushing zone (22) is provided with a single right handed bi-lobed kneading block having a length of 40 mm with 5 disks that are offset at 45 degree angle from each other (RKB 45/5/40) and a neutral kneading block having a length of 40mm with 5 disks that are offset at a 90 degree angle from each other.
  • the crushing zone (24) may comprise of a plurality of kneading blocks positioned such that kneading blocks are placed in alteration with other processing segments (20).
  • the crushing zone comprises of three right handed bi-lobed kneading block having a length of 40 mm with 5 disks that are offset at 45 degree angle from each other (RKB 45/5/40), a neutral kneading block having a length of 40mm with 5 disks that are offset at a 90 degree angle from each other (NKB 90/5/40) , a eccentric tri- lobed kneading block having 5 having a length of 40 mm with 5 disks that are offset at 45 degree angle from each other (3KB 45/5/40) and two normal bi-lobed right handed screw elements having a 90 mm pitch and a 90mm length (RSE90/90).
  • the two RSE90/90 elements are positioned between a RKB 45/5/40, NKB 90/5/40 and 3KB 45/5/40, RKB 45/5/40 elements.
  • the receiving zone (22) is further provided with a transition element, the transition element having a SchubKanten profile at one end and a normal profile at the other end.
  • the transition element allows for a smooth connection between SchubKanten element and the elements having a normal or Erdmender profile in the crushing zone (24).
  • a SchubKanten normal element having a pitch of 90 mm and a length of 45 mm (SKN90/45) is provided between the SchubKanten Element in the receiving zone (22) and the right handed bi-lobed kneading block in the crushing zone (26).
  • the conveying zone (26) is provided with processing segments (20) configured for conveying the crushed fibre from the crushing zone (24) to the outlet (30).
  • processing segments (20) provided in the conveying zone (26) are extruder dispersive elements.
  • the conveying zone (26) elements may also serve to separate the crushed fibres and to limit agglomeration of crushed fibres.
  • the conveying zone (26) elements are also configured to separate the longer fibres received from the crushing zone (24) and to crush the longer fibres before conveying them to the outlet (30).
  • the processing segments (20) that may be provided in the conveying zone (26) include but are not limited to the normal bi-lobed right handed screw element, screw mixing element or their combination.
  • the conveying zone (26) is provided with three normal bi-lobed right handed screw elements having a 90 mm pitch and a 90mm length (RSE90/90), three screw mixing elements having a 75 mm pitch and a 75 mm length (SME90/90) and one normal bi-lobed right handed screw elements having a 60 mm pitch and 60 mm length (RSE 60/60).
  • the conveying zone (26) is provided with a RSE90/90 element, three SME 75/75 elements and a RSE 75/75 element.
  • the processing segments (20) in at least one zone of the biomass processing system have substantially uniform element-element clearance in the radial plane throughout the length of the processing segments (20).
  • Figure 4 illustrates the radial plane of the biomass processing system with the processing segments (20) at a 30 degree position and at a 45 degree position. As illustrated in figure 4 by way of a specific example the element- element clearance at both 30 degree and 45 degree position is 0.50mm.
  • the element-element clearance in the radial direction may be as small as 0.12 mm, for processing segments (20) in at least one zone of the biomass processing system, hi accordance with an aspect, all the processing segments (20) in the biomass processing system have substantially uniform element-element clearance in the radial plane throughout the length of the processing segments (20).
  • the biomass processing system may be provided with a vacuum pump configured for removing the volatiles and moisture from the biomass.
  • supercritical carbon dioxide may be injected into the biomass processing system to control the moisture content of the biomass processed.
  • a method for processing biomass is also disclosed. Though the method disclosed describes the processing of natural fibres. However, the process can equally be used for processing all biomass.
  • the method comprises of feeding fibres to be crushed into a biomass processing system through an inlet hopper, allowing the fibres to be crushed to pass through a receiving zone of the biomass processing system that receives fibre to be crushed fed through the inlet hopper and crushing the fibres received from the receiving zone by passing them through a crushing zone of the biomass processing system, configured for crushing the fibres.
  • the crushed fibres received from the crushing zone are then conveyed to the outlet by a conveying zone.
  • the receiving zone is configured to receive and separate the long length natural fibre strands.
  • the fibres to be crushed may be fed in the biomass processing system in the form of bale of fibres.
  • the bale of jute was fed into a twin screw system having a barrel diameter of 60 mm, a screw diameter of 59.7 mm and a D 0 /Di ratio of 1.71, a flight depth of 12.3 mm, and a screw configuration as illustrated in figure 2.
  • the twin screw system is run at a screw speed of 600RPM to get an output of 200Kg/hr of crushed jute fibres having length substantially in the range of 1.5 mm to 3 mm.
  • any biomass may be processed using this system and method.
  • the biomass that may be processed using this system and method includes but is not limited to wood waste, agricultural waste such as wheat straw, peanut shell, rice husk, olive residue or their combination.
  • the biomass includes fibres.
  • Such fibres include natural fibres including but not limited to jute, cotton, hemp, flex or coconut fibres.
  • the fibre is jute.
  • the fibres are crushed such that the length of crushed fibres is in the range of 1 to 5mm. In accordance with a preferred embodiment the fibres are crushed such that the length of a substantial portion of fibres is less than 3 mm, and a large portion of such fibres is substantially 2mm.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the tabulation of experimental data for a sample of a bale of jute fibres passed through the natural biomass processing system, and analyzing the length of crushed fibres.
  • a magnified image of a sample of crushed jute obtained by passing the bale of jute fibres through the natural biomass processing system is illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the length of fibres may be adjusted by adjusting the configuration of the crushing zone.
  • the size of the crushed natural fibre achieved may be varied.
  • smaller fibres are obtained by increasing the number of crushing elements in the crushing zone.
  • fibres having length less than 2 mm may be obtained by using a biomass processing system having a configuration illustrated in figure 3.
  • the crushing zone comprises of four crushing elements.
  • the process further comprises of dying the fibres or the biomass.
  • the dying of the biomass may include removing of volatiles from the biomass.
  • the process of drying the biomass and removing volatiles may include adding the biomass supercritical carbon dioxide.
  • a process for manufacturing a biomass reinforced thermoplastic composite is disclosed.
  • the process has been described for manufacturing biomass reinforced thermoplastic composite reinforced by natural fibers.
  • Such reinforced thermoplastics have been referred to as fiber reinforced thermoplastics.
  • the processes may equally be applied to all biomasses.
  • the process comprises of crushing the fibres to a desired length by passing fibres to be crushed through a biomass processing system to obtain crushed fibres of desired length, the biomass processing system comprising of a receiving zone for receiving and separating the fibres fed through the inlet hopper, a crushing zone for crushing the fibres received from the receiving zone and a conveying zone for conveying the crushed fibres to the outlet, adding the crushed fibres obtained from the twin screw system to a thermoplastic polymer to obtain a natural fibre thermoplastic composite.
  • the process further comprises of passing the natural fibre thermoplastic composite through a pelletizing system to obtain pellets of natural fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite.
  • the natural fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite may also be used directly for forming other structures including tubes and sheets using suitable molds and dies.
  • any biomass may be used for the manufacture of biomass reinforced thermoplastic composite.
  • the biomass used includes but is not limited wood waste, agricultural waste such as wheat straw, peanut shell, rice husk, olive residue or their combination.
  • the fibres used for the manufacture of natural fibre reinforced thermoplastic include but not limited to jute, cotton, hemp, flex or coconut fibres or a combination therefore.
  • the fibre is jute.
  • the natural fibre reinforced thermoplastic may also contain manmade fibres including but not limited to fibre glass, carbon fibres.
  • the fibres have a length in the range of 1 to 5 mm.
  • the range of length of a substantial portion of fibres is less than 3 mm, and a large portion of such fibres is substantially 2mm.
  • the amount of natural fibres that may be added to the natural fibre reinforced thermoplastic is in the range of 5 to 30 weight per cent.
  • a biomass processing system comprising a barrel having two parallel bores of equal diameter, the centre distance between the two bores lesser than the diameter of the bore, an inlet configured for receiving the biomass to be processed and an outlet for the processed biomass, a shaft located within each bore, each shaft configured for rotation in the same direction; and a plurality of processing segments removably mounted on each shaft, forming three zones within the barrel, the zones including a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating biomass; a crushing zone configured for crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone; and a conveying zone configured for conveying crushed biomass to the outlet.
  • a biomass processing system(s), wherein the processing elements are twin screw extruder elements.
  • a biomass processing system(s), wherein the processing elements in the receiving zone are any of SchubKanten Elements or Regular Flighted Shovel element or their combination.
  • a biomass processing system(s), wherein the extruder kneading elements provided in the crushing zone are any of right handed kneading blocks, neutral kneading blocks, left handed kneaded blocks, eccentric kneading blocks, fractional lobed kneading blocks or their combination.
  • a biomass processing system(s), wherein the processing element in the conveying zone is any one of normal bi-lobed right handed screw element, screw mixing element or their combination.
  • a method for processing biomass comprising feeding biomass into a biomass processing system, the biomass processing system comprising a barrel having two parallel bores of equal diameter, the centre distance between the two bores lesser than the diameter of the bore; an inlet configured for receiving the biomass to be processed and an outlet for the processed biomass; a shaft located within each bore, each shaft configured for rotation in the same direction; and a plurality of processing segments removably mounted on each shaft, forming three zones within the barrel, the zones including a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating biomass; a crushing zone configured for crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone; and a conveying zone configured for conveying crushed biomass to the outlet; wherein the processing element in at least one zone of the biomass processing system have substantially uniform element-element clearance in radial plane throughout the length of the processing elements the method comprising feeding biomass into the receiving zone through the inlet of the biomass processing system; crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone by passing it through the crushing zone; and conveying the crushed biomass received from the crushing zone to the outlet.
  • Such method(s), wherein the length of the crushed fibre is in the range of 1.5mm to 3mm.
  • a method for manufacturing a biomass reinforced thermoplastic composite comprising processing the biomass in a biomass processing system, the biomass processing system comprising a barrel having two parallel bores of equal diameter, the centre distance between the two bores lesser than the diameter of the bore; an inlet configured for receiving the biomass to be processed and an outlet for the processed biomass; a shaft located within each bore, each shaft configured for rotation in the same direction; and a plurality of processing segments removably mounted on each shaft, forming three zones within the barrel, the zones including a receiving zone configured for receiving and separating the biomass; a crushing zone configured for crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone; and a conveying zone configured for conveying crushed biomass to the outlet; wherein the processing element in at least one zone of the biomass processing system have substantially uniform element-element clearance in radial plane throughout the length of the processing elements; the method comprising feeding biomass into the receiving zone through the inlet of the biomass processing system; crushing the biomass received from the receiving zone by passing it through the crushing zone; and conveying the crushed biomass received from the crushing zone to the outlet; and
  • Such method(s), wherein the length of the crushed fibre is in the range of 1.5mm to 3mm.
  • thermoplastic polymer may be any one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamides, polyamines, polycarbonate, polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, acrylonitrile-butandiene-styrene terpolymers, polysulphones, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyphenylene sulfides, polyphenylene ethers or their combinations.
  • a biomass reinforced thermoplastic obtained by such method(s).
  • Such biomass reinforced thermoplastic(s), in form of pellets are provided.
  • the device and method as disclosed above provides for a simple and efficient device and method for processing biomass and crushing of natural fibres.
  • the device may be used for crushing the natural fibres to obtain short length natural fibre.
  • the crushed natural fibres obtained are within a small length range.
  • the length of the fibers obtained by the system and method as disclosed may be adjusted by adjusting the configuration of the system.
  • the device and method as disclosed allows for crushing of natural fibres in an energy efficient manner.
  • the system allows for a greater control of the particle size of biomass and the moisture content of the biomass used for reinforcement of thermoplastic.
  • the processing element provided in at least one zone of the biomass processing system have equal element-element clearance in the radial plane along the entire length of the processing element. Moreover, the element-element clearance between the processing elements in the biomass processing system is reduced. It is believed that due to the fact that there is not sufficient pressure to force material through these gaps, the meta-radial shearing forces in the intermeshing zone that causes shear stress peaks does not operate. Moreover, adhesive wear due to the metal radial shearing forces that push the elements apart to the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock position is vastly reduced. It is believed it is these features of the biomass processing system that allows the crushing of fibers and processing of biomass.
  • the processed biomass and the crushed fibres so obtained by using the device and method as disclosed above may be used for the manufacture of reinforced thermoplastic.
  • the crushed natural fibres are suitable for use in manufacturing natural fibres reinforced plastics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un système de traitement de biomasse. Le système comporte une cuve présentant deux trous parallèles de même diamètre, l’espacement entre les deux trous étant inférieur au diamètre du trou, un orifice d’entrée destiné à recevoir la biomasse à traiter et un orifice de sortie pour la biomasse traitée, un arbre situé à l’intérieur de chaque trou, chaque arbre étant conçu pour tourner dans le même sens, et une pluralité de segments de traitement montés de façon amovible sur chaque arbre, formant trois zones à l’intérieur de la cuve : une zone de réception conçue pour recevoir et séparer la biomasse, une zone de broyage conçue pour broyer la biomasse provenant de la zone de réception et une zone de transport conçue pour acheminer la biomasse broyée vers l’orifice de sortie.
PCT/IN2010/000450 2009-07-05 2010-07-05 Système et procédé servant à traiter une biomasse Ceased WO2011021208A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1335CH2009 2009-07-05
IN1335/CHE/2009 2009-07-05
IN1864/CHE/2010 2010-07-01
IN1864CH2010 2010-07-01

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WO2011021208A1 true WO2011021208A1 (fr) 2011-02-24

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110287502A1 (en) * 2008-05-22 2011-11-24 Trevor Percival Castor Methods and apparatus for processing cellulosic biomass
WO2013143377A1 (fr) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-03 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 Procédé d'utilisation de gaz de combustion industriel pour éliminer les ions métalliques de balles de riz
CN106733047A (zh) * 2017-02-04 2017-05-31 刘涛瑞 一种生物质秸秆粉碎成型碳化一体机及其制造方法
CN109310960A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2019-02-05 斯提尔生命印度私人有限公司 对粉末进行造粒的加工机及工艺

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5938994A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-08-17 Kevin P. Gohr Method for manufacturing of plastic wood-fiber pellets
US6783270B1 (en) * 2000-07-31 2004-08-31 Steer Engineering (P) Limited Fractional and higher lobed co-rotating twin-screw elements
WO2006125035A2 (fr) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-23 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Procede de fabrication de composites de polypropylene renforcees par des fibres

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5938994A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-08-17 Kevin P. Gohr Method for manufacturing of plastic wood-fiber pellets
US6783270B1 (en) * 2000-07-31 2004-08-31 Steer Engineering (P) Limited Fractional and higher lobed co-rotating twin-screw elements
WO2006125035A2 (fr) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-23 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Procede de fabrication de composites de polypropylene renforcees par des fibres

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110287502A1 (en) * 2008-05-22 2011-11-24 Trevor Percival Castor Methods and apparatus for processing cellulosic biomass
US8540847B2 (en) * 2008-05-22 2013-09-24 Aphios Corporation Methods and apparatus for processing cellulosic biomass
WO2013143377A1 (fr) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-03 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 Procédé d'utilisation de gaz de combustion industriel pour éliminer les ions métalliques de balles de riz
CN109310960A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2019-02-05 斯提尔生命印度私人有限公司 对粉末进行造粒的加工机及工艺
CN109310960B (zh) * 2016-04-22 2022-02-22 斯提尔生命印度私人有限公司 分数叶式加工机及造粒方法
CN106733047A (zh) * 2017-02-04 2017-05-31 刘涛瑞 一种生物质秸秆粉碎成型碳化一体机及其制造方法

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