WO2011004483A1 - ポリマーゲル電解質及びそれを用いたポリマー二次電池 - Google Patents
ポリマーゲル電解質及びそれを用いたポリマー二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011004483A1 WO2011004483A1 PCT/JP2009/062531 JP2009062531W WO2011004483A1 WO 2011004483 A1 WO2011004483 A1 WO 2011004483A1 JP 2009062531 W JP2009062531 W JP 2009062531W WO 2011004483 A1 WO2011004483 A1 WO 2011004483A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer gel electrolyte and a polymer secondary battery using the same.
- Polymer secondary batteries such as lithium polymer batteries can be thinned, have a high degree of freedom in shape selection, and have high safety by not using an electrolyte. Attention has been paid. With the recent increase in functions of mobile devices, higher energy and the accompanying improvements in battery characteristics have become the goal of technological development of lithium polymer batteries.
- Patent Document 1 describes that cycle characteristics are improved by using a gel electrolyte containing a physical crosslinkable polymer and a chemical crosslinkable polymer.
- Patent Document 2 describes that the impregnation property of the pregel solution is improved by surface modification of the separator to be used.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a lithium polymer that has excellent battery performance and high safety by gelling an electrolyte with a crosslinkable material and using a non-conductive porous material and electrically insulating particles as a separator. It is described that it becomes a battery.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discusses electrode materials and cell shapes in polymer secondary batteries using gel electrolytes. For example, although it is expensive as negative electrode material, artificial graphite (bulk graphite) is used. Therefore, it is described that the expansion of the cell is suppressed and the cycle characteristics are improved.
- artificial graphite bulk graphite
- the polymer secondary battery using the gel electrolyte is generally inferior in cycle characteristics to the secondary battery using the electrolytic solution.
- the polymer secondary battery has a large internal resistance during high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycles, and does not have sufficient characteristics as a battery applied to an electric vehicle, a battery for power storage, and the like.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems. That is, the subject of this invention suppresses the swelling of the cell in a polymer secondary battery, and improves cycling characteristics and high temperature storage characteristics.
- an aprotic solvent, a supporting salt, a cyclic sulfonic acid ester having at least two sulfonyl groups, and a methacrylic acid ester polymerization represented by the following general formula (1)
- a polymer gel electrolyte comprising a crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking a product.
- the polymer secondary battery containing a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the said polymer gel electrolyte is provided.
- n satisfies 1800 ⁇ n ⁇ 3000
- m satisfies 350 ⁇ m ⁇ 600.
- cell swelling in a polymer secondary battery can be suppressed, and cycle characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics can be improved.
- the polymer gel electrolyte according to the present invention is obtained by crosslinking an aprotic solvent, a supporting salt, a cyclic sulfonic acid ester having at least two sulfonyl groups, and a methacrylic acid ester polymer represented by the general formula (1). And a crosslinked product.
- a mixture of an aprotic solvent and a supporting salt is referred to as an electrolytic solution.
- the polymer electrolyte is used for a polymer secondary battery, and is particularly preferably used for a lithium polymer secondary battery.
- aprotic solvent examples include cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), butylene carbonate (BC), and vinylene carbonate (VC); dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC).
- PC propylene carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- BC butylene carbonate
- VC vinylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- Chain carbonates such as ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) and dipropyl carbonate (DPC); aliphatic carboxylic acid esters such as methyl formate, methyl acetate and ethyl propionate; ⁇ -lactones such as ⁇ -butyrolactone; , 2-ethoxyethane (DEE), chain ethers such as ethoxymethoxyethane (EME); cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; fluorine derivatives thereof; dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,3-dioxolane, Formamide, acetamide, dimethylformamide, dioxolane, acetonitrile, propylnitrile, nitromethane, ethyl monoglyme, phosphoric acid triester, trimethoxymethane, dioxolane derivative, sulfolane, methylsulfolane, 1,3-d
- the supporting salt can be appropriately selected from substances that can increase the conductivity of the aprotic solvent in consideration of the type of the polymer secondary battery.
- a supporting salt LiPF 6, LiAsF 6, LiAlCl 4, LiClO 4, LiBF 4, LiSbF 6, LiCF 3 SO 3, LiC 4 F 9 SO 3, LiC (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , lithium carboxylate, lithium chloroborane, lithium tetraphenylborate, LiBr, LiI, LiSCN, LiCl, LiF Etc.
- the supporting salt may be one kind or two or more kinds.
- the concentration of the supporting salt in the electrolytic solution is preferably 5 to 25% by mass. If the concentration of the supporting salt is 5% by mass or more, a desired ionic conductivity can be achieved. If the concentration of the supporting salt is 25% by mass or less, a decrease in ionic conductivity due to an increase in the viscosity of the electrolyte can be suppressed.
- a cyclic sulfonic acid ester having at least two sulfonyl groups (hereinafter simply referred to as “cyclic sulfonic acid ester”) is a component that contributes to the formation of a passive film at the electrode interface of a polymer secondary battery. Decomposition of solvent molecules can be suppressed. Further, when the positive electrode active material is an oxide containing manganese, the cyclic sulfonate ester has an effect of suppressing the elution of manganese or preventing the eluted manganese from adhering to the negative electrode.
- cyclic sulfonic acid ester examples include compounds represented by the general formula (2).
- Q represents an oxygen atom, a methylene group or a single bond
- A represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, a sulfinyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbon.
- B is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or An unsubstituted fluoroalkylene group or an oxygen atom is shown.
- Q when Q is a single bond, the carbon molecule constituting A and S form a CS single bond.
- the carbon number of A indicates the number of carbons constituting the ring, and does not include the number of carbons contained in the side chain.
- A is a substituted or unsubstituted fluoroalkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- A may have a methylene unit and a fluoromethylene unit, or may have only a fluoromethylene unit.
- an alkylene unit or a fluoroalkylene unit is bonded via an ether bond, the alkylene units may be bonded, the fluoroalkylene units may be bonded, or the alkylene unit and the fluoroalkylene. Units may be combined.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) can be produced by the method described in Patent Document 4.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2) include cyclic disulfonic acid esters represented by the general formulas (3) to (8).
- x is 0 or 1
- n is an integer of 1 to 5
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a halogen atom.
- x is 0 or 1
- n is an integer of 1 to 5
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a halogen atom.
- x is 0 or 1
- m is independently 1 or 2
- n is an integer of 1 or more and 4 or less
- R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a halogen. Indicates an atom.
- x is 0 or 1
- m is independently 1 or 2
- n is an integer of 1 or more and 4 or less
- R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a halogen. Indicates an atom.
- x is 0 or 1
- m is independently 1 or 2
- n is an integer of 1 or more and 4 or less
- R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a halogen. Indicates an atom.
- x is 0 or 1
- m is independently 1 or 2
- n is an integer of 1 or more and 4 or less
- R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a halogen. Indicates an atom.
- the cyclic sulfonic acid ester may be one kind or two or more kinds.
- the mixing amount of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester is preferably 0.005 to 10% by mass and more preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution.
- the mixing amount of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester is preferably 0.005 to 10% by mass and more preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution.
- the methacrylic acid ester polymer represented by the general formula (1) is obtained by radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methyl methacrylate.
- N representing the number of methyl methacrylate units satisfies 1800 ⁇ n ⁇ 3000
- m representing the number of (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methyl methacrylate units satisfies 350 ⁇ m ⁇ 600.
- the methacrylic acid ester polymer represented by the general formula (1) may be a block copolymer or a random copolymer.
- N and m represent average values and may not be integers.
- a crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking the methacrylic acid ester polymer represented by the general formula (1) is an oxetanyl group possessed by the methacrylic acid ester polymer represented by the general formula (1).
- the cationic polymerization initiator generally known polymerization initiators can be used.
- the use of a small amount of an acidic substance obtained by hydrolyzing the lithium salt and the anion component of the lithium salt contained in the electrolytic solution is useful for the battery.
- the characteristic to give is small and preferable.
- the content of the lithium salt in the electrolytic solution is the same as the preferred concentration of the supporting salt in the electrolytic solution.
- the mixing amount of the crosslinked body is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 1.5 to 2.5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution. More preferably.
- gelation capable of favorably holding the electrolytic solution can be achieved.
- the polymer electrolyte according to the present invention includes, for example, a step of dissolving a supporting salt in an aprotic solvent, a step of dissolving a cyclic sulfonic acid ester in an aprotic solvent, and a general formula (1) in an aprotic solvent.
- the use of the polymer electrolyte according to the present invention for a polymer secondary battery can suppress cell swelling and improve cycle characteristics and high temperature storage characteristics.
- the polymer secondary battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the polymer gel electrolyte.
- the positive electrode it is possible to use a positive electrode active material layer formed on a current collector made of metal such as aluminum foil.
- the positive electrode active material layer can be formed by applying and drying a positive electrode slurry on a current collector and then compressing and molding the positive electrode slurry.
- the positive electrode slurry is obtained by dispersing and kneading a positive electrode active material in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) together with a conductive auxiliary material such as carbon black and a binder such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). be able to.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- a lithium-containing composite oxide such as LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 can be used. Further, the transition metal portion of these lithium-containing composite oxides may be replaced with another element. Alternatively, a lithium-containing composite oxide having a plateau at 4.5 V or more at the metal lithium counter electrode potential can be used. Specific examples of such lithium-containing composite oxides include spinel-type lithium manganese composite oxides, olivine-type lithium-containing composite oxides, and reverse spinel-type lithium-containing composite oxides. Specifically, for example, the compound represented by the general formula (9) is applicable.
- x satisfies 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2
- a satisfies 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2
- M is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, and Cu. Is at least one kind.
- a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer formed on a current collector made of a metal such as copper foil can be used.
- the negative electrode active material in addition to lithium metal or lithium alloy, one or more substances selected from materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium can be used. Specific examples of the material that can occlude and release lithium include carbon materials and oxides.
- the lithium alloy is composed of lithium and a metal capable of forming an alloy with lithium.
- a binary or ternary alloy of lithium and a metal such as Al, Si, Pb, Sn, In, Bi, Ag, Ba, Ca, Hg, Pd, Pt, Te, Zn, and La Is mentioned.
- the lithium metal or lithium alloy is preferably in an amorphous state. This is because the amorphous structure hardly causes deterioration due to non-uniformity such as crystal grain boundaries and defects.
- the negative electrode active material layer made of lithium metal or lithium alloy can be melt cooling, liquid quenching, atomizing, vacuum deposition, sputtering, plasma CVD, photo CVD, thermal CVD, sol-gel, etc. It can be formed by a method.
- the carbon material graphite, amorphous carbon, diamond-like carbon, carbon nanotube, or a composite oxide thereof can be used. Of these, graphite or amorphous carbon is preferable.
- graphite has high electron conductivity, excellent adhesion to a current collector made of a metal such as copper, and voltage flatness. Since it is formed at a high processing temperature, it contains few impurities and improves negative electrode performance. Works in an advantageous manner.
- the negative electrode active material layer containing a carbon material as a negative electrode active material can be formed by applying and drying a negative electrode slurry containing a carbon material on a current collector, followed by compression and molding.
- the negative electrode slurry can be obtained by dispersing and kneading a carbon material as a negative electrode active material in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) together with a binder such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- silicon oxide silicon oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, lithium oxide, or a composite thereof can be used.
- silicon oxide is preferable because it is stable and does not cause a reaction with other compounds.
- the oxide is preferably in an amorphous state because deterioration due to nonuniformity such as crystal grain boundaries and defects does not occur.
- the negative electrode active material layer made of an oxide can be formed by a method such as vapor deposition, CVD, or sputtering.
- the polymer secondary battery can be manufactured as follows. First, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are stacked via a separator to form a laminate. Or after winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode flatly via a separator, it shape
- separator those generally used in lithium polymer batteries such as nonwoven fabric and polyolefin microporous membrane can be used.
- the separator is not essential, and the polymer gel electrolyte can have a separator function.
- the polymer secondary battery according to the present invention is suppressed in cell swelling and has excellent cycle characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics. That is, by applying the present invention to a polymer secondary battery composed of a laminate film outer package, it is possible to suppress resistance increase and battery swelling (gas generation). The effect is remarkable in the secondary battery.
- Example 1 First, the production of the positive electrode 1 will be described with reference to FIG. N-methyl-2 was mixed with 85% by mass of LiMn 2 O 4 as a positive electrode active material, 7% by mass of acetylene black as a conductive auxiliary material, and 8% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by adding pyrrolidone and further mixing. This positive electrode slurry is applied to both surfaces of a 20 ⁇ m thick Al foil 2 as a current collector by a doctor blade method so that the thickness after the roll press treatment is 160 ⁇ m, thereby forming a positive electrode active material application portion 3. did.
- a positive electrode active material non-applied portion 4 that is not coated with a positive electrode active material on both sides is provided at one end, and a positive electrode active material that is coated with a positive electrode active material only on one side is provided at the other end.
- a substance single-side application unit 5 is provided.
- the positive electrode conductive tab 6 was attached to the positive electrode active material non-application part 4, and it was set as the positive electrode 1.
- a negative electrode slurry was prepared by adding N-methylpyrrolidone to a mixture of 90% by mass of flaky graphite as a negative electrode active material and 10% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder and further mixing them. This negative electrode slurry was applied to both surfaces of a 10 ⁇ m-thick Cu foil 8 serving as a current collector so that the thickness after the roll press treatment was 120 ⁇ m, thereby forming a negative electrode active material application part 9.
- one end is provided with a negative electrode active material non-applied portion 11 that is not coated with a negative electrode active material on both surfaces, and a negative electrode active material single-sided coated portion 10 that is coated with a negative electrode active material only on one side.
- the negative electrode conductive tab 12 was attached to the negative electrode active material non-application part 11, and it was set as the negative electrode 7.
- the production of the battery element will be described with reference to FIG.
- Two separators 13 made of polyethylene having a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m and a porosity of 35% are welded and cut, and the cut portion is fixed to the winding core of the winding device and wound up.
- the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 7 are respectively arranged such that the side where the positive electrode conductive tab 6 and the negative electrode conductive tab 8 are not attached is the tip side, the negative electrode is disposed between the two separators, and the positive electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the separator.
- the battery element hereinafter referred to as jelly roll (J / R) was formed by rotating and winding. At this stage, the gel electrolyte 14 of FIG. 3 does not exist.
- This J / R was accommodated in an embossed laminate outer package 15 as shown in FIG. 4, the sides of the laminate outer package 15 were folded back, and heat fusion was performed leaving a portion for injecting the pregel solution.
- the obtained lithium polymer battery was charged to a voltage of 4.2 V (charging conditions: current 0.2 C, time 6.5 h, temperature 20 ° C.), and then discharged to a voltage 3.0 V at 0.2 C.
- the discharge capacity at that time was defined as the initial capacity.
- the charging conditions were an upper limit voltage of 4.2 V, a current of 1 C, and a time of 2.5 h, and the discharging conditions were a lower limit voltage of 3.0 V and a current of 1 C. All charging / discharging was implemented at 40 degreeC. And the ratio of the discharge capacity (1C) of the 500th cycle with respect to the discharge capacity (1C) of the 1st cycle was made into the capacity
- Example 2 Compound No.
- a lithium polymer battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound represented by 1 was changed to the compound shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 shows the characteristics of the obtained lithium polymer battery.
- the lithium polymer batteries produced in Examples 1 to 4 are Comparative Example 1 in which no cyclic sulfonic acid ester was used, and Comparative Example 2 in which VC was used in place of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester.
- the capacity retention rate after 500 cycles is greatly improved, and the volume change after 500 cycles is also greatly suppressed.
- Example 5 As an electrolyte for preparing a pregel solution using amorphous carbon as the negative electrode active material, 20% by mass of propylene carbonate (PC), 21% by mass of ethylene carbonate (EC), and 47% by mass of diethyl carbonate (DEC) A lithium polymer battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an electrolyte solution in which LiPF 6 as a supporting salt of 12% by mass was added to an aprotic solvent consisting of Table 3 shows the characteristics of the obtained lithium polymer battery.
- PC propylene carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- Example 6 Compound No.
- a lithium polymer battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the compound represented by 1 was changed to the compound shown in Table 3.
- Table 3 shows the characteristics of the obtained lithium polymer battery.
- the lithium polymer batteries produced in Examples 5 to 8 were Comparative Example 3 in which no cyclic sulfonic acid ester was used, and Comparative Example 4 in which VC was used in place of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester.
- the capacity retention rate after 500 cycles is greatly improved, and the volume change after 500 cycles is also greatly suppressed.
- Example 9 A lithium polymer battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the direct current resistance value of the lithium polymer battery when stored in a fully charged state was measured.
- the prepared lithium polymer battery was charged (upper limit voltage 4.2 V) and discharged (lower limit voltage 3.0 V) at 20 ° C. once.
- the charging current and discharging current at this time are constant (1C), the discharging capacity at this time is defined as the initial capacity, and the resistance at that time is defined as the initial resistance.
- the battery was charged with a constant current (1C) to a predetermined voltage (4.2 V) for 2.5 hours, and then allowed to stand at 20 ° C., 45 ° C. and 60 ° C. for 90 days.
- Example 10 to 12 Compound No. A lithium polymer battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the compound represented by 1 was changed to the compound shown in Table 4, and the same evaluation as in Example 9 was performed. Table 4 shows the obtained results.
- the lithium polymer batteries produced in Examples 9 to 12 were Comparative Example 5 in which no cyclic sulfonic acid ester was used, and Comparative Example 6 in which VC was used instead of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester. It was found that the rate of increase in resistance at each temperature was greatly suppressed as compared with the prepared lithium polymer battery. In particular, the suppression of increase in resistance at 60 ° C. storage was significant.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係るポリマーゲル電解質は、非プロトン性溶媒と、支持塩と、少なくともスルホニル基を2個有する環式スルホン酸エステルと、一般式(1)で示されるメタクリル酸エステル重合物を架橋させてなる架橋体とを含んでいる。なお、本明細書において、非プロトン性溶媒及び支持塩の混合物を電解液と呼ぶ。このポリマー電解質は、ポリマー二次電池に用いられるが、特にリチウムポリマー二次電池に用いられることが好ましい。
本発明に係るポリマー二次電池は、正極と、負極と、上記のポリマーゲル電解質とを含み構成される。
一般式(9)において、xは0<x<2を満たし、aは0<a<1.2を満たし、Mは、Ni、Co、Fe、Cr及びCuからなる群より選択された選択される少なくとも一種である。
まず、図1により、正極1の作製について説明する。85質量%の正極活物質としてのLiMn2O4と、7質量%の導電補助材としてのアセチレンブラックと、8質量%のバインダーとしてのポリフッ化ビニリデンとを混合したものに、N-メチル-2-ピロリドンを加えてさらに混合することで、正極スラリーを調製した。この正極スラリーを、ドクターブレード法により、集電体となる厚さ20μmのAl箔2の両面に、ロールプレス処理後の厚さが160μmになるように塗布し、正極活物質塗布部3を形成した。ただし、一方の端部には、両面とも正極活物質が塗布されていない正極活物質非塗布部4が設けられており、他方の端部には、片面のみ正極活物質が塗布された正極活物質片面塗布部5が設けられている。そして、その正極活物質非塗布部4に正極導電タブ6を取り付けて、正極1とした。
化合物No.1で示される化合物を、表2に示す化合物に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表2に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表2に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物をVCに変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表2に示す。
負極活物質として非晶質炭素を用い、プレゲル溶液を調製するための電解液として、20質量%のプロピレンカーボネート(PC)と21質量%のエチレンカーボネート(EC)と47質量%のジエチルカーボネート(DEC)とからなる非プロトン性溶媒に、12質量%の支持塩としてのLiPF6とを添加した電解液を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表3に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物を、表3に示す化合物に変更したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表3に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例5と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表3に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物をVCに変更したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製した。得られたリチウムポリマー電池の特性を表3に示す。
実施例1と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製し、満充電状態での保存放置におけるリチウムポリマー電池の直流抵抗値を測定した。
化合物No.1で示される化合物を、表4に示す化合物に変更したこと以外は、実施例9と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製し、実施例9と同様の評価を行った。得られた結果を表4に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例9と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製し、実施例9と同様の評価を行った。得られた結果を表4に示す。
化合物No.1で示される化合物をVCに変更したこと以外は、実施例9と同様にしてリチウムポリマー電池を作製し、実施例9と同様の評価を行った。得られた結果を表4に示す。
2 Al箔
3 正極活物質塗布部
4 正極活物質非塗布部
5 正極活物質片面塗布部
6 正極導電タブ
7 負極
8 Cu箔
9 負極活物質塗布部
10 負極活物質片面塗布部
11 負極活物質非塗布部
12 負極導電タブ
13 セパレーター
14 ポリマーゲル電解質
15 ラミネート外装体
Claims (8)
- 前記非プロトン性溶媒として、環状カーボネート類、鎖状カーボネート類、脂肪族カルボン酸エステル類、γ-ラクトン類、環状エーテル類、鎖状エーテル類及びそれらのフッ素誘導体からなる群より選択された溶媒を含む請求項1又は2に記載のポリマーゲル電解質。
- 前記支持塩として、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiAsF6及びLiSbF6からなる群より選択された物質を含む請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリマーゲル電解質。
- 正極と、負極と、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のポリマーゲル電解質とを含むポリマー二次電池。
- 前記正極が、正極活物質として、リチウム含有複合酸化物を含む請求項5に記載のポリマー二次電池。
- 前記負極が、負極活物質として、リチウムを吸蔵・放出できる材料からなる群より選択される物質を含む請求項5又は6に記載のポリマー二次電池。
- 前記リチウムを吸蔵・放出できる材料が、炭素材料である請求項7に記載のポリマー二次電池。
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| CN200980160379XA CN102473966A (zh) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | 聚合物凝胶电解质和使用它的聚合物二次电池 |
| EP09847085.9A EP2453511A4 (en) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | POLYMER GEL ELECTROLYTE AND POLYMER ACCUMULATOR THEREWITH |
| JP2011521748A JPWO2011004483A1 (ja) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | ポリマーゲル電解質及びそれを用いたポリマー二次電池 |
| PCT/JP2009/062531 WO2011004483A1 (ja) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | ポリマーゲル電解質及びそれを用いたポリマー二次電池 |
| US13/382,851 US20120115037A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | Polymer gel electrolyte and polymer secondary battery using same |
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| PCT/JP2009/062531 WO2011004483A1 (ja) | 2009-07-09 | 2009-07-09 | ポリマーゲル電解質及びそれを用いたポリマー二次電池 |
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| US (1) | US20120115037A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2453511A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2011004483A1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102473966A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011004483A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
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| US8802283B2 (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2014-08-12 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fabricating method of secondary battery |
| WO2016125726A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-08-11 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
| US9899703B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2018-02-20 | Nec Corporation | Gel electrolyte and polymer secondary battery using same |
| WO2018150567A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液およびこれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP7047181B1 (ja) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-04 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 非水電解液およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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| WO2016063838A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-28 | 日本電気株式会社 | 二次電池およびその製造方法 |
| CN107579280B (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-09-06 | 广州天赐高新材料股份有限公司 | 含环状二磺酸硅基酯的锂二次电池电解液和锂二次电池 |
| JP6857233B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 | 2021-04-14 | 株式会社エンビジョンAescジャパン | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| CN114221036B (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-11-28 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种电解液及包括该电解液的电化学装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8802283B2 (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2014-08-12 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fabricating method of secondary battery |
| US9899703B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2018-02-20 | Nec Corporation | Gel electrolyte and polymer secondary battery using same |
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| JPWO2016125726A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-11-16 | マクセルホールディングス株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
| WO2018150567A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液およびこれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JPWO2018150567A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-20 | 2019-11-14 | 日本電気株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液およびこれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP7047181B1 (ja) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-04 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 非水電解液およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2023112787A1 (ja) | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-22 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 非水電解液およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP2023088767A (ja) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-27 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 非水電解液およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2453511A4 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
| EP2453511A1 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
| CN102473966A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
| JPWO2011004483A1 (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
| US20120115037A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
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