WO2011052584A1 - 有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 - Google Patents
有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011052584A1 WO2011052584A1 PCT/JP2010/068961 JP2010068961W WO2011052584A1 WO 2011052584 A1 WO2011052584 A1 WO 2011052584A1 JP 2010068961 W JP2010068961 W JP 2010068961W WO 2011052584 A1 WO2011052584 A1 WO 2011052584A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic radiation-sensitive element covered by group H10K30/00
- H10K39/10—Organic photovoltaic [PV] modules; Arrays of single organic PV cells
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- H10K39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic radiation-sensitive element covered by group H10K30/00
- H10K39/10—Organic photovoltaic [PV] modules; Arrays of single organic PV cells
- H10K39/12—Electrical configurations of PV cells, e.g. series connections or parallel connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
- H10K2102/101—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO]
- H10K2102/103—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO] comprising indium oxides, e.g. ITO
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/20—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning
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- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
- H10K77/111—Flexible substrates
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- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
- H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
- Y10T83/0304—Grooving
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing method of an organic thin film solar cell module in which a plurality of organic photoelectric conversion elements are integrated on the same substrate, and a manufacturing apparatus that can be suitably used for such a manufacturing method.
- the organic thin-film solar cell module usually includes (1) a step of preparing a substrate, (2) a step of forming a first electrode on the substrate, and (3) a first charge transport on the first electrode. Forming a layer; (4) forming an active layer on the first charge transport layer; (5) forming a second charge transport layer on the active layer; and (6) And a step of forming a second electrode on the second charge transport layer.
- the organic thin film solar cell module is manufactured by sequentially forming a plurality of functional layers such as a charge transport layer and an active layer.
- Each functional layer is patterned into the desired shape by any suitable patterning process according to the material of each functional layer, etc., each time the corresponding film forming process is completed.
- the conductive layer is burned out by a heated iron blade structure such as a soldering iron or a heated laser blade.
- a patterning process for cutting on a substrate is known (see Patent Document 1).
- an inorganic thin film solar cell having a chalcopyrite type light absorption layer there is a patterning process for separating elements by combining different means such as heat removal by laser light irradiation and mechanical cutting using a metal needle. It is known (see Patent Document 2).
- an organic compound contained in a functional layer such as an active layer is deactivated or decomposed by heat, such as a substrate.
- the structure below the layer to be patterned may be damaged.
- the organic thin film containing an organic compound provided in the organic thin film solar cell module is extremely soft compared to, for example, an inorganic film and has low adhesion to a layer immediately below, so that a conventional patterning process by mechanical cutting is performed. Then, destruction of the layer structure such as peeling of the layer may be caused.
- the organic photoelectric conversion element may malfunction.
- even when a large amount of dust is generated by cutting the organic photoelectric conversion element may cause a malfunction. Further, in order to remove (remove) the dust, a facility for dust removal is further required.
- the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies on an organic thin film solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof, and have completed the present invention.
- this invention provides the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the following organic thin film solar cell module.
- An organic photoelectric conversion element having a laminated structure including a pair of electrodes including a first electrode and a second electrode, and one organic thin film or one or more organic thin films sandwiched between the pair of electrodes.
- a laminated structure including one organic thin film or one or more organic thin films is cut using a blade structure without heating
- a method of manufacturing an organic thin film solar cell module comprising a cutting step of forming a groove portion that exposes the surface of a layer that is provided immediately below through one layer of an organic thin film or a laminated structure including the organic thin film of one or more layers .
- a step of forming a plurality of first electrodes on the main surface of the substrate, a step of forming a first charge transport layer on the first electrode formed on the substrate, and a space between the plurality of first electrodes A first cutting step of forming a first groove portion that penetrates the first charge transport layer and exposes the main surface of the substrate in the region, an active layer covering the first charge transport layer, and the active layer Forming a second charge transport layer that covers the first electrode, and forming a second groove that penetrates the first charge transport layer, the active layer, and the second charge transport layer and exposes a portion of the first electrode.
- the organic thin film solar is a process in which at least one of the first cutting process, the second cutting process, and the third cutting process is performed using the blade structure without heating. Manufacturing method of battery module. [3] The method for producing an organic thin-film solar cell module according to [1] or [2], wherein the cutting step is a step performed by a press-cut process using a disk-shaped blade structure.
- [4] The method for producing an organic thin-film solar cell module according to [1] or [2], wherein the cutting step is a step performed by a drawing process using a needle-like blade structure.
- [5] The method for producing an organic thin-film solar cell module according to [1] or [2], wherein the cutting step is a step performed by a drawing process using a flat blade-shaped blade structure.
- [6] The organic thin-film solar cell module according to [4] or [5], wherein the cutting step is a step in which an angle formed between the blade structure and the organic thin film to be cut is 30 ° to 60 °. Production method.
- An organic comprising a transport roll that supports and transports a substrate provided with an organic thin film, and a blade structure that contacts and cuts the organic thin film of the substrate supported by the transport roll in an unheated state.
- Manufacturing equipment for manufacturing thin film solar cell modules [11] The manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an organic thin film solar cell module according to [10], wherein the blade structure has a disk shape that can be cut and cut. [12] The manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an organic thin film solar cell module according to [10], wherein the blade structure is needle-shaped. [13] The manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an organic thin film solar cell module according to [10], wherein the blade structure has a flat blade shape.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic thin film solar cell module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2-1 is a schematic side view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2-2 is a schematic front view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic side view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 3-2 is a schematic front view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a schematic side view illustrating the manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 4-2 is a schematic front view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a photograph (1) showing an optical microscope image of the cut region.
- FIG. 5-2 is a photograph (2) showing an optical microscope image of the cut region.
- FIG. 5-3 is a photograph (3) showing an optical microscope image of the cut region.
- Substrate 10A Electrode formation region 10B: Non-electrode formation region 22: First electrode 24: Second electrode 24a: Contact 32: First charge transport layer 34: Second charge transport layer 40: Active layer 50: Multilayer structure 50A: 1st laminated body 50B: 2nd laminated body 60: Conveyance roll 70: Blade structure 70a: Tip part 70b: Needle shaft part 80: Scribing area (cutting area) 100: Organic thin-film solar cell module 100A1: First element (formation region) 100A2: second element 100B: inter-element part (region) C: Center rotation axis C1: First center rotation axis C2: Second center rotation axis X: First groove Y: Second groove Z: Third groove
- the organic thin film solar cell module of the present invention can basically have the same module structure as a conventional solar cell module.
- An organic thin film solar cell module is generally composed of a plurality of organic photoelectric conversion elements (cells) on a substrate (support substrate) made of metal, ceramic, etc., and the substrate is covered with a filling resin, protective glass, etc.
- a structure may be adopted in which a transparent material such as tempered glass is used for the substrate, an organic photoelectric conversion element is formed thereon, and light is captured from the transparent substrate side.
- module structure examples include a module structure called a super straight type, a substrate type, and a potting type, a substrate integrated module structure used in an amorphous silicon solar cell, and the like.
- the organic thin-film solar cell module of the present invention can be appropriately selected from these module structures depending on the purpose of use, place of use and environment.
- organic photoelectric conversion elements are arranged at regular intervals between substrates that are transparent on one side or both sides and subjected to antireflection treatment, and adjacent organic photoelectric conversion elements are They are connected by contact electrodes (embedded electrodes), metal leads, flexible wirings, etc., and current collecting electrodes are arranged on the outer edge, so that the generated power is taken out of the module.
- contact electrodes embedded electrodes
- metal leads metal leads
- flexible wirings etc.
- current collecting electrodes are arranged on the outer edge, so that the generated power is taken out of the module.
- the substrate and the organic photoelectric conversion element various types of plastic materials such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) are used in the form of a film or filled resin depending on the purpose in order to protect the organic photoelectric conversion element and improve the current collection efficiency. It may be used. Also, when used in places where there is no need to cover the surface with a hard material, such as where there is little impact from the outside, the surface protective layer is made of a transparent plastic film, and a protective function is given by curing the above filling resin However, it is possible to eliminate the substrate on one side. The periphery of the substrate is sandwiched and fixed by a metal frame in order to secure internal sealing and module rigidity, and the substrate and the frame are hermetically sealed with a sealing material. Moreover, if a flexible raw material is used for the organic photoelectric conversion element itself, the substrate, the filling material, and the sealing material, the organic photoelectric conversion element can be formed on the curved surface.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- a photoelectric conversion element is sequentially formed on the support while feeding the roll-shaped support, and after cutting into a desired size, the peripheral portion is It can be produced by sealing with a flexible and moisture-proof material.
- the solar cell module using the flexible support can be used by being bonded and fixed to a curved glass or the like.
- the exterior members such as the frame and the protective member are not the gist of the present invention, so the description thereof will be omitted, and the explanation will focus on the organic photoelectric conversion element and the manufacturing method thereof. To do.
- each figure only schematically shows the shape, size, and arrangement of components to the extent that the invention can be understood, and the present invention is not particularly limited thereby. Moreover, in each figure, about the same component, it attaches
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic thin film solar cell module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- the organic thin film solar cell module 100 includes a pair of electrodes including a first electrode 22 and a second electrode 24, and an active layer 40 sandwiched between the pair of electrodes. It includes a plurality of organic photoelectric conversion elements (first element 100A1 and second element 100A2) arranged.
- At least one of the electrodes on which light is incident that is, at least one of the electrodes is a transparent or translucent electrode capable of transmitting incident light (sunlight) having a wavelength necessary for power generation.
- the organic photoelectric conversion element includes a pair of electrodes including, for example, a first electrode 22 that is an anode and a second electrode 24 that is a cathode, for example, and an active layer 40 sandwiched between the pair of electrodes.
- the polarities of the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 may be any suitable polarity corresponding to the element structure, and the first electrode 22 may be a cathode and the second electrode 24 may be an anode.
- the transparent or translucent electrode examples include a conductive metal oxide film and a translucent metal thin film.
- the electrode include indium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and indium tin oxide (sometimes referred to as ITO) that is a composite thereof, a conductive material made of indium zinc oxide, NESA, and the like.
- a film made of gold, platinum, silver, copper or the like is used, and a film made of ITO, indium zinc oxide, or tin oxide is preferable.
- the electrode manufacturing method include a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a plating method, and the like.
- electrode material for the opaque electrode a metal, a conductive polymer, or the like can be used.
- electrode materials for opaque electrodes include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, scandium, vanadium, zinc, yttrium, indium, cerium, samarium, europium, terbium Selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, copper, manganese, titanium, cobalt, nickel, tungsten and tin, and a metal such as ytterbium, and two or more alloys thereof, or one or more of these metals And alloys with one or more metals, graphite, graphite intercalation compounds, polyaniline and its derivatives, polythiophene and its derivatives.
- Examples of the alloy include magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, indium-silver alloy, lithium-aluminum alloy, lithium-magnesium alloy, lithium-indium alloy, calcium-aluminum alloy and the like.
- the organic photoelectric conversion element is usually formed on a substrate. That is, the first element 100A1 and the second element 100A2 are provided on the main surface of the substrate 10.
- the material of the substrate 10 may be any material that does not change chemically when forming an electrode and forming an organic thin film containing an organic compound.
- Examples of the material of the substrate 10 include glass, plastic, polymer film, silicon and the like.
- the second electrode 24 (that is, the electrode far from the substrate 10) provided on the side opposite to the substrate side facing the first electrode 22 is transparent. Or a translucent material capable of transmitting required incident light.
- the active layer 40 is sandwiched between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24.
- the active layer 40 is a bulk hetero-type organic thin film containing an electron-accepting compound (n-type semiconductor) and an electron-donating compound (p-type semiconductor) in this example. It is a layer having an essential function for a photoelectric conversion function, which can generate electric charges (holes and electrons) by using.
- the active layer included in the organic photoelectric conversion element includes an electron donating compound and an electron accepting compound.
- the electron-donating compound and the electron-accepting compound are determined relatively from the energy levels of these compounds, and one compound can be either an electron-donating compound or an electron-accepting compound.
- electron donating compounds include pyrazoline derivatives, arylamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, triphenyldiamine derivatives, oligothiophene and derivatives thereof, polyvinylcarbazole and derivatives thereof, polysilane and derivatives thereof, aromatic amines in the side chain or main chain And polysiloxane derivatives, polyaniline and derivatives thereof, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, polypyrrole and derivatives thereof, polyphenylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, polythienylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, and the like.
- electron accepting compounds include oxadiazole derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and its derivatives, benzoquinone and its derivatives, naphthoquinone and its derivatives, anthraquinone and its derivatives, tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane and its derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, diphenyldicyanoethylene and derivatives thereof, diphenoquinone derivatives, 8-hydroxyquinoline and metal complexes of derivatives thereof, polyquinoline and derivatives thereof, polyquinoxaline and derivatives thereof, polyfluorene and derivatives thereof, fullerenes and derivatives thereof such as C 60 fullerene, bathocuproine And phenanthrene derivatives such as titanium oxide, metal oxides such as titanium oxide, and carbon nanotubes.
- titanium oxide, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and fullerene derivatives are preferable, and fullerenes and fullerene derivatives are particularly prefer
- fullerene examples include C 60 fullerene, C 70 fullerene, C 76 fullerene, C 78 fullerene, such as C 84 fullerene, and the like.
- fullerene derivative examples include derivatives of C 60 fullerene, C 70 fullerene, C 76 fullerene, C 78 fullerene, and C 84 fullerene.
- specific structure of the fullerene derivative examples include the following structures.
- fullerene derivatives include [6,6] phenyl-C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (C 60 PCBM, [6,6] -Phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester), and [6,6] phenyl-C 71.
- Butyric acid methyl ester (C 70 PCBM, [6,6] -Phenyl C 71 butyric acid methyl ester), [6,6] Phenyl-C 85 butyric acid methyl ester (C 84 PCBM, [6,6] -Phenyl C 85 butyric acid methyl ester), and the like [6,6] thienyl -C 61 butyric acid methyl ester ([6,6] -Thienyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester).
- the ratio of the fullerene derivative is preferably 10 parts by weight to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the electron donating compound, and 20 parts by weight to 500 parts by weight. It is more preferable that The ratio of the electron accepting compound in the bulk hetero type active layer containing the electron accepting compound and the electron donating compound is preferably 10 parts by weight to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the electron donating compound. More preferred is 50 to 500 parts by weight.
- the thickness of the active layer is usually preferably 1 nm to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 nm to 1000 nm, still more preferably 5 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 20 nm to 200 nm.
- the energy of incident light that has passed through the transparent or translucent electrode and entered the active layer is absorbed by the electron-accepting compound and / or the electron-donating compound to generate excitons in which electrons and holes are combined.
- the generated excitons move and reach the heterojunction interface where the electron-accepting compound and the electron-donating compound are bonded, the difference between the HOMO energy and the LUMO energy at the interface causes the electrons and holes to be separated.
- Charges (electrons and holes) are generated that can separate and move independently. The generated charges move to the electrodes (cathode and anode), respectively, and can be taken out as electrical energy (current).
- the organic photoelectric conversion element includes an additional intermediate layer other than the active layer as a means for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency between at least one of the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 and the active layer 40. May be provided.
- an additional intermediate layer halides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as lithium fluoride, oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and the like can be used.
- fine particles of inorganic semiconductor such as titanium oxide, PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), and the like can be given.
- Examples of the additional layer include a charge transport layer (hole transport layer, electron transport layer) that transports holes or electrons.
- any suitable material can be used as the material constituting the charge transport layer.
- the charge transport layer is an electron transport layer
- an example of the material is 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP).
- BCP 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
- PEDOT PEDOT
- the additional intermediate layer that may be provided between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 and the active layer 40 may be a buffer layer.
- a material used as the buffer layer include lithium fluoride and the like.
- oxides such as titanium oxide, and the like.
- an inorganic semiconductor it can be used in the form of fine particles.
- a first electrode 22 is provided on the main surface of the substrate 10.
- a laminated structure of the substrate 10 and the first electrode 22 is referred to as a first laminated body 50A.
- a first charge transport layer 32 is provided on the first electrode 22.
- the first charge transport layer 32 is a hole transport layer when the first electrode 22 is an anode, and is an electron transport layer when the first electrode 22 is a cathode.
- the active layer 40 is provided on the first charge transport layer 32.
- a second charge transport layer 34 is provided on the active layer 40.
- the second charge transport layer 34 is an electron transport layer when the first electrode 22 is an anode, and is a hole transport layer when the first electrode 22 is a cathode.
- the second electrode 24 is provided on the second charge transport layer 34.
- the stacked structure of the first charge transport layer 32, the active layer 40, the second charge transport layer 34, and the second electrode 24 is referred to as a second stacked body 50B.
- the active layer 40 is a bulk hetero type in which an electron accepting compound and an electron donating compound are mixed has been described.
- the active layer 40 may be composed of a plurality of layers.
- a heterojunction type in which an electron accepting layer containing an electron accepting compound such as a fullerene derivative and an electron donating layer containing an electron donating compound such as P3HT may be joined.
- an example of the layer structure which the organic photoelectric conversion element of this Embodiment can take is shown below.
- a) Anode / active layer / cathode b) Anode / hole transport layer / active layer / cathode c) Anode / active layer / electron transport layer / cathode d) Anode / hole transport layer / active layer / electron transport layer / cathode e) Anode / electron supply layer / electron acceptor layer / cathode f) Anode / hole transport layer / electron supply layer / electron acceptor layer / cathode g) Anode / electron supply layer / electron acceptor layer / electron Transport layer / cathode h) anode / hole transport layer / electron supply layer / electron-accepting layer / electron transport layer / cathode (where the symbol “/” is adjacent to the layer sandwiching the symbol “/”) Indicates that they are stacked.)
- the layer configuration may be any of a form in which the anode is provided on the side closer to the substrate and a form in which the cathode is provided on the side closer to the substrate.
- Each of the above layers may be formed as a single layer or a laminate of two or more layers.
- the first element 100A1 and the second element 100A2 are separated by an inter-element portion 100B that does not function as an organic photoelectric conversion element.
- the second electrode 24 of the first element 100A1 and the second element 100A2 are electrically connected by a contact (electrode) 24a.
- the manufacturing method of the organic thin film solar cell module of the present invention includes a pair of electrodes composed of a first electrode and a second electrode, and one organic thin film or one or more organic thin films sandwiched between the pair of electrodes.
- the laminated structure including the one organic thin film or the one or more organic thin films is formed as a blade structure. Cutting step of forming a groove portion that exposes the surface of the layer provided immediately below through the one layer organic thin film or the laminated structure including the one or more organic thin films including.
- the substrate 10 is prepared.
- the substrate 10 is a flat substrate having two principal surfaces facing each other.
- a substrate in which a thin film of a conductive material that can be an electrode material such as indium tin oxide is provided on one main surface of the substrate 10 in advance may be prepared.
- a thin film of conductive material is formed on one main surface of the substrate 10 by any suitable method.
- the conductive material thin film is then patterned.
- the thin film of the conductive material is patterned by any suitable method such as a photolithography process and an etching process to form the first electrode 22 having a plurality of patterns electrically separated from each other. By this step, a part of the main surface of the substrate 10 is exposed in a region where the first electrode 22 is not formed.
- the first charge transport layer 32 is formed on the entire surface of the substrate 10 on which the first electrode 22 is formed according to a conventional method.
- the inter-element portion 100 ⁇ / b> B through the first charge transport layer 32 from the surface of the first charge transport layer 32 to a region between the plurality of first electrodes (patterns) 22, the substrate 10.
- the 1st groove part X which exposes the surface of this is processed and formed using the blade structure of this invention (The detail of a blade structure is mentioned later).
- the first electrode 22 of the first element 100A1 and the first electrode 22 of the second element 100A2 are electrically separated by being separated by the first groove portion X (first cutting step). ).
- the active layer 40 covering the first charge transport layer 32 is formed.
- the active layer 40 can be formed by applying a coating solution, for example, a coating method such as a spin coating method.
- a second charge transport layer 34 covering the active layer 40 is formed.
- the second groove Y reaching the surface of the electrode 22, that is, the surface of the first stacked body 50A is processed and formed using the blade structure of the present invention (second cutting step).
- the second groove Y is used as a contact groove (or contact hole) for electrically connecting the second electrode 24 of the first element 100A1 and the first electrode of the second element 100A2. Therefore, strictly speaking, the second groove Y may not be configured to bisect the active layer 40 and the first charge transport layer 32 on the first electrode 22.
- a contact (electrode) 24 a that covers the second charge transport layer 34 and fills the second groove Y and contacts the first electrode 22 is formed.
- the contact 24a makes the second electrode 24 of the first element 100A1 and the first electrode 22 of the second element 100A2 conductive.
- the second electrode 24 may be formed by the above-described coating method, or may be formed by any conventionally known suitable method such as a vapor deposition method.
- the second groove portion Y is a contact structure for conducting the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24, the shape thereof is, for example, a columnar shape such as a groove shape or a cylindrical shape. Although not particularly limited, an example of forming a groove shape will be described in this embodiment.
- the first charge transport layer 32, the active layer 40, the second charge transport layer 34, and the second electrode 24 use a coating solution, that is, a solution, and apply a coating layer to any suitable atmosphere such as a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Below, it can form by drying on conditions suitable for a material and a solvent.
- Film formation methods include spin coating, casting, micro gravure coating, gravure coating, bar coating, roll coating, wire bar coating, dip coating, spray coating, screen printing, and gravure printing.
- Application methods such as flexographic printing method, offset printing method, inkjet printing method, dispenser printing method, nozzle coating method, capillary coating method, spin coating method, flexographic printing method, gravure printing method, inkjet printing method, Dispenser printing is preferred.
- the solvent used in the film forming method using these solutions is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the material of each layer and is repelled by the liquid repellent pattern so as not to wet and spread on the liquid repellent pattern.
- solvents examples include toluene, xylene, mesitylene, tetralin, decalin, bicyclohexyl, unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as n-butylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, Halogenated saturated hydrocarbon solvents such as dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chlorobutane, bromobutane, chloropentane, bromopentane, chlorohexane, bromohexane, chlorocyclohexane and bromocyclohexane, and halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene And ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran.
- unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as n-butylbenzene,
- the third groove portion Z is a structure for electrically separating the first element 100A1 and the second element 100A2 by the inter-element portion 100B.
- the inter-element portion 100B has a linear groove shape, and in this example, adjacent elements are separated in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the first electrode 22 along the shape of the peripheral portion (in the present embodiment, linear). Since the inter-element portion 100B is an area that does not function as a photoelectric conversion element, it is preferable to make the area as small as possible. Therefore, the third groove portion Z is preferably formed as a shape and an arrangement position that can make the size of the inter-element portion 100B as small as possible. In the present embodiment, for example, a linear groove that is as close to the peripheral edge of the first electrode 22 as possible and as narrow as possible may be used.
- FIG. 2-1 is a schematic side view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2-2 is a schematic front view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- Embodiment has the characteristics in the point which implements a cutting process with a manufacturing apparatus provided with a disk shaped rotary blade.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a transport roll 60.
- the transport roll 60 has a cylindrical shape.
- the transport roll 60 is configured to be able to rotate in the direction of the white arrow B with the first central rotation axis C1 as the rotation axis, and transports the laminated structure 50 in contact with a part of the surface in the direction of the white arrow A. be able to.
- the operation mechanism for operating the transport roll 60 and the transport roll 60 includes a roll such as any suitable transport roll known in the art used for manufacturing optical films and the like performed by roll-to-roll and an operation mechanism associated therewith. Can be used.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a blade structure 70.
- the blade structure 70 is a disk-shaped rotary blade in this example. Whether the blade structure 70 contacts the layer to be cut (sometimes referred to as a target layer) while rotating in the direction of the white arrow B about the second center rotation axis C2 as a rotation axis, and cuts the target layer. Or has a function of carving a groove.
- the laminated structure including one or more organic thin films, which are target layers may include a cuttable inorganic layer (a layer not including an organic compound) (the same applies to the other embodiments described below). .)
- a laminated structure including a second laminated body 50B provided on the first laminated body 50A that is a substrate (on which the first electrode 22 is formed) and in which one or more organic thin films are laminated. Only the second laminate of the body 50 is cut. At this time, the transport roll 60 is in contact with the first stacked body 50 ⁇ / b> A and supports the entire stacked structure 50.
- the blade structure 70 is positioned so that the blade width of the blade structure 70 is within the scribing region 80 preset in the laminated structure, and the blade structure 70 is moved to the second structure.
- the center rotation axis C2 is rotated as a rotation axis.
- the laminated structure 50 is moved in the direction of arrow A by the transport roll 60 as already described with reference to FIG. Therefore, a linear groove is engraved in the scribing region 80 of the laminated structure 50 by the conveying roll 60 that supports and conveys the laminated structure 50 and the blade structure 70. The surface is exposed, and the second stacked body 50B is cut by the formed groove.
- the blade structure 70 can be made of any conventionally known suitable material having high hardness such as a metal such as iron, an alloy such as molybdenum steel or stainless steel, ceramics, or resin.
- the transport roll 60 can be made of any conventionally known suitable material such as stainless steel.
- the transport roll 60 is preferably made of a material harder than the material of the blade structure 70.
- the blade structure 70 has a smooth shape with a radius of curvature of 5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m in the shape of the peripheral end of the tip 70 a, that is, the shape of the peripheral end in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear groove formed.
- a configuration defined by a curve is preferable.
- the organic thin film is soft, the organic thin film can be cut by a push-cut process without forming the tip portion 70a into a sharp shape.
- the active layer which is a coating film formed on a glass substrate, can form a groove by a press-cut process that applies a load of only about 10 mg when a blade structure having a curvature radius of 2 ⁇ m is used. .
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a load measuring mechanism that measures a load applied to the organic thin film and a load adjusting mechanism that can adjust the load to any suitable range during the press-cutting process.
- the blade structure 70 is subjected to a coating process using a material having a small friction coefficient such as diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a region including at least the tip portion 70a that comes into contact with the target layer.
- a material having a small friction coefficient such as diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a region including at least the tip portion 70a that comes into contact with the target layer.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment may further include a mechanism that can be attached to the blade structure 70 and that can clean the region of the blade structure 70 that contacts the target layer by wiping with a solvent.
- the blade structure 70 which is the rotary blade of the first embodiment can be used in a heated state
- the blade structure 70 is used without heating in consideration of the risk of loss of function of the organic thin film due to high temperature. It is preferable to carry out a cutting step.
- the laminated structure including one layer of the soft organic thin film or one layer or more of the soft organic thin film is cut by the pressing process using the rotary blade in this way, generation of dust can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the deterioration of electrical characteristics due to dust and short circuit caused by dust in the organic photoelectric conversion element (organic thin film solar cell module) manufactured, and to improve the product yield. Can do. Furthermore, since a rotary blade is used, the linearity of the groove part which can be formed can be improved accurately.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic side view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3-2 is a schematic front view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the second embodiment.
- 2nd Embodiment has the characteristics in the point which implements a cutting process with a manufacturing apparatus provided with a needle-shaped blade.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a transport roll 60.
- the transport roll 60 has a cylindrical shape.
- the transport roll 60 is configured to be able to rotate in the direction of the white arrow B with the central rotation axis C as the rotation axis, and can transport the laminated structure 50 in contact with a part of the surface in the direction of the white arrow A. it can.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a blade structure 70.
- the blade structure 70 is a needle-shaped cutting blade in this example.
- the blade structure 70 is brought into contact with the target layer to be cut as the stacked structure 50 is transported (moved) in the direction of arrow A by the transport roll 60, and the target layer is cut or the groove is cut. And has the function of engraving.
- a laminated structure including a second laminated body 50B provided on the first laminated body 50A that is a substrate (on which the first electrode 22 is formed) and in which one or more organic thin films are laminated. Only the second laminate of the body 50 is cut. At this time, the transport roll 60 is in contact with the first stacked body 50 ⁇ / b> A and supports the entire stacked structure 50.
- the blade structure 70 has a tapered shape in which the vicinity of the tip portion 70a is tapered toward the tip.
- the width of the needle shaft portion 70b of the blade structure 70 is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m.
- the cutting step is performed by aligning the blade width of the blade structure 70 within the scribing region 80 preset in the laminated structure 50.
- an angle ⁇ 1 formed by the blade structure 70 (core) and the surface of the first stacked body 50A (second stacked body 50B) is preferably 30 ° to 60 °. It is good. By setting ⁇ 1 in such a range, the load applied to the target layer can be further stabilized, and wear of the blade structure 70 can be suppressed.
- the cutting step is performed by fixing the arrangement position of the blade structure 70 while applying a predetermined load while moving the laminated structure 50 by rotating the transport roller 60. With the movement of the laminated structure 50, the tip 70a of the blade structure 70 penetrates the target layer, that is, the second laminated body 50B, and is cut so as to expose the surface of the first laminated body 50A without damaging it. To do.
- a linear groove is engraved in the scribing region 80 of the laminated structure 50 by the conveying roll 60 that supports and conveys the laminated structure 50 and the blade structure 70.
- the surface of the second layer 50B is exposed and the second stacked body 50B is cut by the formed groove.
- the blade structure 70 can be made of a metal such as iron, an alloy such as stainless steel and carbon tool steel (SKS), a conventionally known arbitrary suitable material having high hardness such as ceramics and resin.
- a metal such as iron, an alloy such as stainless steel and carbon tool steel (SKS), a conventionally known arbitrary suitable material having high hardness such as ceramics and resin.
- the transport roll 60 can be made of any conventionally known suitable material such as stainless steel.
- the blade structure 70 has a shape of the distal end portion 70a, that is, a shape perpendicular to the extending direction of the linear groove portion to be formed (and / or a shape in the extending direction of the groove portion), and a radius of curvature of 5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. It is preferable to adopt a configuration defined by a smooth curve (partial spherical surface).
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a load measuring mechanism that measures a load applied to the organic thin film and a load adjusting mechanism that can adjust the load to any suitable range during the drawing process.
- the blade structure 70 is subjected to a coating process using a material having a small friction coefficient such as diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a region including at least the tip portion 70a that comes into contact with the target layer.
- a material having a small friction coefficient such as diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a region including at least the tip portion 70a that comes into contact with the target layer.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the needle-like blade structure 70 of the second embodiment preferably performs the cutting process using the blade structure 70 without heating in consideration of the risk of loss of function of the organic thin film due to high temperatures.
- a narrower groove portion is formed, and a laminated structure including one layer of a soft organic thin film or one or more layers of a soft organic thin film is formed. Can be cut. Therefore, further refinement
- FIG. 4A is a schematic side view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 4-2 is a schematic front view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment.
- Embodiment has the characteristics in the point which implements a cutting process with a manufacturing apparatus provided with a flat blade-shaped blade structure.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a transport roll 60.
- the transport roll 60 has a cylindrical shape.
- the transport roll 60 is configured to be able to rotate in the direction of the white arrow B with the central rotation axis C as the rotation axis, and can transport the laminated structure 50 in contact with a part of the surface in the direction of the white arrow A. it can.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a blade structure 70.
- the blade structure 70 is a flat cutting blade.
- the blade structure 70 is brought into contact with the target layer to be cut as the stacked structure 50 is transported (moved) in the direction of arrow A by the transport roll 60, and the target layer is cut or the groove is cut. And has the function of engraving.
- a laminated structure including a second laminated body 50B provided on the first laminated body 50A that is a substrate (on which the first electrode 22 is formed) and in which one or more organic thin films are laminated. Only the second stacked body 50B of the body 50 is cut. At this time, the transport roll 60 is in contact with the first stacked body 50 ⁇ / b> A and supports the entire stacked structure 50.
- the blade structure 70 has a shape in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the groove portion of the tip portion 70a (and / or a shape in the extending direction of the groove portion), and a radius of curvature of 5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. It is preferable to adopt a configuration defined by a smooth curve (partial spherical surface).
- the thickness of the blade structure 70 having a flat blade shape is preferably 100 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m.
- the cutting step is performed by aligning the blade width of the blade structure 70 within the scribing region 80 preset in the laminated structure 50.
- the angle ⁇ 2 formed by the blade structure 70 (core) and the surface of the first stacked body 50A (second stacked body 50B) is preferably 30 ° to 60 °. It is good. By setting ⁇ 2 in such a range, the load applied to the target layer can be further stabilized, and wear of the blade structure 70 can be suppressed.
- the cutting step is performed by fixing the arrangement position of the blade structure 70 in a state where a predetermined load is applied while moving the laminated structure 50 by the rotation of the transport roller 60. With the movement of the laminated structure 50, the tip 70a of the blade structure 70 penetrates the target layer, that is, the second laminated body 50B, and is cut so as to expose the surface of the first laminated body 50A without damaging it. To do.
- a linear groove is engraved in the scribing region 80 of the laminated structure 50 by the conveying roll 60 that supports and conveys the laminated structure 50 and the blade structure 70.
- the surface of the second layer 50B is exposed and the second stacked body 50B is cut by the formed groove.
- the blade structure 70 can be made of any conventionally known suitable material having high hardness such as high speed steel, cemented carbide, ceramics, and resin.
- the transport roll 60 can be made of any conventionally known suitable material such as stainless steel.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes a load measuring mechanism that measures a load applied to the organic thin film and a load adjusting mechanism that can adjust the load to any suitable range during the drawing process.
- the blade structure 70 is subjected to a coating process using a material having a small friction coefficient such as diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a region including at least the tip portion 70a that comes into contact with the target layer.
- a material having a small friction coefficient such as diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a region including at least the tip portion 70a that comes into contact with the target layer.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the flat blade-like blade structure 70 of the third embodiment preferably performs the cutting process as the non-heated blade structure 70 in consideration of the risk of loss of function of the organic thin film due to high temperature.
- the groove portion having higher linearity is accurately formed to include one layer of the soft organic thin film or one layer or more of the soft organic thin film.
- the laminated structure can be cut. Further, since the flat blade-shaped blade structure 70 is relatively inexpensive, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
- PEN Polyethylene naphtholate
- a substrate (substrate) (trade name: OTEC, manufactured by Tobi Co., Ltd.) is washed with acetone, and then a low-pressure mercury lamp Using an ultraviolet ozone irradiation device (Technovision, model: UV-312) equipped with a UV ozone cleaning treatment for 15 minutes, an ITO electrode (first electrode) having a clean surface is placed on the PEN film substrate Produced.
- a PEDOT suspension trade name Baytron P AI4083, lot.
- a PEDOT layer which is an organic thin film, is made by fixing a PEN film substrate on a glass plate and running a stainless steel rotary blade (blade structure) having a radius of curvature of about 50 ⁇ m on the PEDOT layer without being heated. was cut into two regions. When electrical continuity was obtained between the two regions of the ITO electrode located immediately below each of the two regions of the cut PEDOT layer, continuity was confirmed. As a result, it was confirmed that the groove part exposing the ITO electrode could be formed by cutting only the PEDOT layer without cutting the ITO electrode.
- poly (3-hexylthiophene), which is an electron-donating compound (sometimes referred to as P3HT) (manufactured by Merck, trade name licicon SP001, lot. EF431002) and PCBM (fullerene derivative, which is an electron-accepting compound) Frontier Carbon Co., Ltd., trade name E100, lot.7B0168-A) was added to orthodichlorobenzene solvent so that P3HT would be 1.5 wt% and PCBM would be 1.2 wt%, and 70 ° C. for 2 hours. After stirring, the mixture was filtered with a filter having a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m to prepare a coating solution.
- FIG. 5A shows an optical microscope image of the cutting region (groove portion) of this example.
- the optical microscope image was taken at an optical magnification of 350 using an optical microscope (KH-7700, manufactured by Hilox). The same applies to FIGS. 5-2 and 5-3 described later.
- Example 2 A single-layer or laminated structure cutting step was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a stainless steel needle-like structure having a radius of curvature of about 100 ⁇ m was used as the blade structure. As a result, it was confirmed that the groove part exposing the ITO electrode could be formed by cutting only the PEDOT layer on the ITO electrode and only the laminated structure of the active layer and the PEDOT layer without cutting the ITO electrode.
- FIG. 5-2 shows an optical microscope image of the cutting region of this example.
- Example 3 A cutting process of a single layer or a laminated structure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a flat blade-like structure made of PTFE having a radius of curvature of about 1000 ⁇ m was used as the blade structure. As a result, it was confirmed that the groove part exposing the ITO electrode could be formed by cutting only the PEDOT layer on the ITO electrode and only the laminated structure of the active layer and the PEDOT layer without cutting the ITO electrode.
- FIG. 5-3 shows an optical microscope image of the cutting region of this example.
- the present invention is useful for manufacturing an organic thin film solar cell module.
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
〔1〕 第1電極及び第2電極からなる一対の電極、及び前記一対の電極間に挟持される、1層の有機薄膜又は1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を備える有機光電変換素子が、基板上に複数配置された有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法において、1層の有機薄膜又は1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を、刃構造体を非加熱で用いて切断して、該1層の有機薄膜又は該1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を貫通して直下に設けられている層の表面を露出させる溝部を形成する切断工程を含む、有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔2〕 基板の主面に複数の第1電極を形成する工程と、基板上に形成された第1電極上に、第1電荷輸送層を形成する工程と、複数の第1電極同士の間の領域に、第1電荷輸送層を貫通して基板の主面を露出させる第1溝部を形成する第1の切断工程と、前記第1電荷輸送層上を覆う活性層、及び該活性層上を覆う第2電荷輸送層を形成する工程と、第1電荷輸送層、活性層及び第2電荷輸送層を貫通して、第1電極の一部分が露出する第2溝部を形成する第2の切断工程と、第2電荷輸送層上を覆い、かつ第2溝部を埋め込む第2電極を形成する工程と、第2電極、第2電荷輸送層、活性層及び第1電荷輸送層を貫通して、第1電極の一部分を露出させる第3溝部を形成して、複数の有機光電変換素子に素子分離する第3の切断工程とを含み、前記第1の切断工程、前記第2の切断工程及び前記第3の切断工程のうちの少なくともひとつの切断工程が、刃構造体を非加熱で用いて行われる工程である、有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔3〕 切断工程が、円盤状の刃構造体を用いる押し切り加工により行われる工程である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔4〕 切断工程が、針状の刃構造体を用いる引き切り加工により行われる工程である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔5〕 切断工程が、平刃状の刃構造体を用いる引き切り加工により行われる工程である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔6〕 切断工程が、刃構造体と切断対象となる有機薄膜とのなす角を30°~60°として行われる工程である、〔4〕又は〔5〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔7〕 刃構造体の材料が、金属、合金、セラミックス、及び樹脂からなる群から選ばれる材料である、〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれか一項に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔8〕 刃構造体の先端部の曲率半径が5μm~1000μmである、〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれか一項に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
〔9〕 〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法により製造することができる有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール。
〔10〕 有機薄膜が設けられた基板を支持し、かつ搬送する搬送ロールと、搬送ロールに支持された基板の有機薄膜に、非加熱の状態で接触して切断する刃構造体とを備える有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
〔11〕 刃構造体が押し切り加工できる円盤状である、〔10〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
〔12〕 刃構造体が針状である、〔10〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
〔13〕 刃構造体が平刃状である、〔10〕に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
10A:電極形成領域
10B:非電極形成領域
22:第1電極
24:第2電極
24a:コンタクト
32:第1電荷輸送層
34:第2電荷輸送層
40:活性層
50:積層構造体
50A:第1積層体
50B:第2積層体
60:搬送ロール
70:刃構造体
70a:先端部
70b:針軸部
80:スクライビング領域(切断領域)
100:有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール
100A1:第1素子(形成領域)
100A2:第2素子
100B:素子間部(領域)
C:中心回転軸
C1:第1中心回転軸
C2:第2中心回転軸
X:第1溝部
Y:第2溝部
Z:第3溝部
本発明の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールは、従来の太陽電池モジュールと基本的には同様のモジュール構造をとり得る。有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールは、一般的には金属、セラミック等の基板(支持基板)の上に複数の有機光電変換素子(セル)が構成され、その上を充填樹脂や保護ガラス等で覆い、基板の反対側から光を取り込む構造をとるが、基板に強化ガラス等の透明材料を用い、その上に有機光電変換素子を構成してその透明の基板側から光を取り込む構造としてもよい。
図1は、本発明の製造方法により製造される有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの構成を示す概略的な断面図である。
なお、電子供与性化合物と電子受容性化合物とは、これらの化合物のエネルギー準位のエネルギーレベルから相対的に決定され、1つの化合物が電子供与性化合物、電子受容性化合物のいずれともなり得る。
電子受容性化合物及び電子供与性化合物を含有するバルクヘテロ型の活性層における電子受容性化合物の割合は、電子供与性化合物100重量部に対して、10重量部~1000重量部とすることが好ましく、50重量部~500重量部とすることがより好ましい。
第1電極22上には、第1電荷輸送層32が設けられている。第1電荷輸送層32は、第1電極22が陽極である場合には正孔輸送層であり、第1電極22が陰極である場合には電子輸送層である。
a)陽極/活性層/陰極
b)陽極/正孔輸送層/活性層/陰極
c)陽極/活性層/電子輸送層/陰極
d)陽極/正孔輸送層/活性層/電子輸送層/陰極
e)陽極/電子供給性層/電子受容性層/陰極
f)陽極/正孔輸送層/電子供給性層/電子受容性層/陰極
g)陽極/電子供給性層/電子受容性層/電子輸送層/陰極
h)陽極/正孔輸送層/電子供給性層/電子受容性層/電子輸送層/陰極
(ここで、記号「/」は、記号「/」を挟む層同士が隣接して積層されていることを示す。)
上記各層は、単層で構成されるのみならず、2層以上の積層体として構成されていてもよい。
次に上述の構成を備える有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法について説明する。
本発明の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法は、第1電極及び第2電極からなる一対の電極、及び前記一対の電極間に挟持される1層の有機薄膜又は1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を備える有機光電変換素子が、基板上に複数配列された有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法において、前記1層の有機薄膜又は前記1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を、刃構造体を非加熱で用いて切断して、該1層の有機薄膜又は該1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を貫通して直下に設けられている層の表面を露出させる溝部を形成する切断工程を含む。
次いで、素子間部100B内であって、複数の第1電極(パターン)22同士の間の領域に、第1電荷輸送層32の表面から、第1電荷輸送層32を貫通して、基板10の表面を露出させる第1溝部Xを、本発明の刃構造体を用いて加工して形成する(刃構造体の詳細については後述する。)。この第1溝部Xの形成により第1素子100A1の第1電極22と第2素子100A2の第1電極22とが第1溝部Xで離間することにより電気的に分離される(第1の切断工程)。
図2を参照して、第1の実施形態の製造装置及び切断工程につき説明する。
図2-1は、第1の実施形態の製造装置を示す概略的な側面図である。図2-2は、第1の実施形態の製造装置を示す概略的な正面図である。
例えば、ガラス基板上に形成された塗布膜である活性層(有機薄膜)は、曲率半径2μmの刃構造体を用いれば、10mg程度でしかない荷重を加える押し切り加工により溝部を形成することができる。
図3を参照して、第2の実施形態の製造装置及び切断工程につき説明する。なお製造装置における刃構造体の形状以外の構成要素については既に説明した第1の実施の形態の構成と変わるところがないため、同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する場合がある。
このとき、図3-1に示すように、刃構造体70(芯)と第1積層体50A(第2積層体50B)の表面とがなす角θ1は、好ましくは30°~60°とするのがよい。θ1をこのような範囲とすることにより、対象層に加わる荷重をより安定させることができ、また刃構造体70の摩耗を抑制することができる。
図4を参照して、第3の実施形態の製造装置及び切断工程につき説明する。なお製造装置における刃構造体の形状以外の構成要素については既に説明した第1及び第2の実施の形態の構成と変わるところがないため、同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する場合がある。
平刃状である刃構造体70の厚みは、好ましくは100μmから3000μmである。
このとき、図4-1に示すように、刃構造体70(芯)と第1積層体50A(第2積層体50B)の表面とがなす角θ2は、好ましくは30°~60°とするのがよい。θ2をこのような範囲とすることにより、対象層に加わる荷重をより安定させることができ、また刃構造体70の摩耗を抑制することができる。
ITOの薄膜が一方の主面に設けられたポリエチレンナフトレート(PENという場合がある。)フィルム基板(基板)(トービ社製、商品名:OTEC)を、アセトンにて洗浄した後、低圧水銀ランプを備えた紫外線オゾン照射装置(テクノビジョン社製、型式:UV-312)を用いて、UVオゾン洗浄処理を15分間施し、清浄な表面をもつITO電極(第1電極)をPENフィルム基板上に作製した。次いで、ITO電極が設けられたPENフィルム基板上にPEDOTの懸濁液(スタルク社製、商品名Baytron P AI4083、lot.HCD07O109)をスピンコート法により塗布してPEDOT層(第1電荷輸送層)を形成した。その後、大気中、150℃で30分間乾燥を行なった。
PENフィルム基板をガラス板上に固定し、PEDOT層上に約50μmの曲率半径のステンレス鋼製の回転刃(刃構造体)を非加熱で押し当てて走行させることで、有機薄膜であるPEDOT層を2つの領域に切断した。
切断されたPEDOT層の2つの領域それぞれの直下に位置するITO電極の2つの領域同士の間で電気的な導通が得られるか試験したところ、導通が確認された。結果として、ITO電極を切断せず、PEDOT層のみを切断して、ITO電極を露出させる溝部を形成できたことが確認された。
前記と同様に、切断された積層構造の2つの領域それぞれの直下に位置するITO電極の2つの領域同士の間で電気的な導通が得られるか試験したところ、導通が確認された。結果として、ITO電極を切断せず、活性層及びPEDOT層からなる積層構造のみを切断して、ITO電極を露出させる溝部を形成できたことが確認された。
刃構造体として、約100μmの曲率半径のステンレス鋼製の針状構造体を用いた以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして単層又は積層構造の切断工程を実施した。
結果として、ITO電極を切断せず、ITO電極上のPEDOT層のみ、及び活性層とPEDOT層との積層構造のみを切断して、ITO電極を露出させる溝部を形成できたことが確認された。図5-2に本実施例の切断領域の光学顕微鏡像を示す。
刃構造体として、約1000μmの曲率半径のPTFE製の平刃状構造体を用いた以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして単層又は積層構造の切断工程を実施した。
結果として、ITO電極を切断せず、ITO電極上のPEDOT層のみ、及び活性層とPEDOT層との積層構造のみを切断して、ITO電極を露出させる溝部を形成できたことが確認された。図5-3に本実施例の切断領域の光学顕微鏡像を示す。
Claims (13)
- 第1電極及び第2電極からなる一対の電極、及び前記一対の電極間に挟持される1層の有機薄膜又は1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を備える有機光電変換素子が、基板上に複数配置された有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法において、
前記1層の有機薄膜又は1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を、刃構造体を非加熱で用いて切断して、該1層の有機薄膜又は該1層以上の有機薄膜を含む積層構造を貫通して直下に設けられている層の表面を露出させる溝部を形成する切断工程を含む、有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 基板の主面に複数の第1電極を形成する工程と、
基板上に形成された第1電極上に、第1電荷輸送層を形成する工程と、
複数の第1電極同士の間の領域に、第1電荷輸送層を貫通して基板の主面を露出させる第1溝部を形成する第1の切断工程と、
第1電荷輸送層上を覆う活性層、該活性層上を覆う第2電荷輸送層を形成する工程と、
第1電荷輸送層、活性層及び第2電荷輸送層を貫通して、第1電極の一部分が露出する第2溝部を形成する第2の切断工程と、
第2電荷輸送層上を覆い、かつ第2溝部を埋め込む第2電極を形成する工程と、
第2電極、第2電荷輸送層、活性層及び第1電荷輸送層を貫通して、第1電極の一部分を露出させる第3溝部を形成して、複数の有機光電変換素子に素子分離する第3の切断工程とを含み、
前記第1の切断工程、前記第2の切断工程及び前記第3の切断工程のうちの少なくともひとつの切断工程が、刃構造体を非加熱で用いて行われる工程である、有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。 - 切断工程が、円盤状の刃構造体を用いる押し切り加工により行われる工程である、請求項1に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 切断工程が、針状の刃構造体を用いる引き切り加工により行われる工程である、請求項1に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 切断工程が、平刃状の刃構造体を用いる引き切り加工により行われる工程である、請求項1に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 切断工程が、刃構造体と切断対象となる有機薄膜とのなす角を30°~60°として行われる工程である、請求項4に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 刃構造体の材料が、金属、合金、セラミックス、及び樹脂からなる群から選ばれる材料である、請求項1に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 刃構造体の先端部の曲率半径が5μm~1000μmである、請求項1に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の製造方法により製造することができる有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール。
- 有機薄膜が設けられた基板を支持し、かつ搬送する搬送ロールと、
搬送ロールに支持された基板の有機薄膜に、非加熱の状態で接触して切断する刃構造体と
を備える有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。 - 刃構造体が押し切り加工できる円盤状である、請求項10に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
- 刃構造体が針状である、請求項10に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
- 刃構造体が平刃状である、請求項10に記載の有機薄膜太陽電池モジュール製造用の製造装置。
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| JP2013211473A (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-10 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | 有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 |
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| JP6030176B2 (ja) | 2015-03-19 | 2016-11-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 光電変換素子とその製造方法 |
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| JP6862810B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-07 | 2021-04-21 | 株式会社リコー | 光電変換素子及び太陽電池モジュール |
| JP7092970B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-07 | 2022-06-29 | 株式会社リコー | 光電変換素子 |
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| JP6487005B1 (ja) | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-20 | 株式会社東芝 | 光電変換素子とその製造方法 |
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