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WO2010019045A1 - Système d’avertissement et/ou de freinage automatique dans un véhicule - Google Patents

Système d’avertissement et/ou de freinage automatique dans un véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010019045A1
WO2010019045A1 PCT/NO2009/000271 NO2009000271W WO2010019045A1 WO 2010019045 A1 WO2010019045 A1 WO 2010019045A1 NO 2009000271 W NO2009000271 W NO 2009000271W WO 2010019045 A1 WO2010019045 A1 WO 2010019045A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
road
road surface
measuring
grip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2009/000271
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Per Magnussen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Modulprodukter AS
Original Assignee
Modulprodukter AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modulprodukter AS filed Critical Modulprodukter AS
Priority to GBGB1002455.2A priority Critical patent/GB201002455D0/en
Publication of WO2010019045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010019045A1/fr
Priority to PCT/NO2010/000183 priority patent/WO2010134824A1/fr
Priority to GB1100179A priority patent/GB2472969B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/172—Determining control parameters used in the regulation, e.g. by calculations involving measured or detected parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • B60T17/221—Procedure or apparatus for checking or keeping in a correct functioning condition of brake systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/176—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS
    • B60T8/1763—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS responsive to the coefficient of friction between the wheels and the ground surface
    • B60T8/17636—Microprocessor-based systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18145—Cornering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/02—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to ambient conditions
    • B60W40/06—Road conditions
    • B60W40/068—Road friction coefficient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2210/00—Detection or estimation of road or environment conditions; Detection or estimation of road shapes
    • B60T2210/10—Detection or estimation of road conditions
    • B60T2210/12—Friction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/12—Lateral speed
    • B60W2520/125—Lateral acceleration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
    • B60W2530/10—Weight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/40—Coefficient of friction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00—Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/20—Ambient conditions, e.g. wind or rain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00—Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/45—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
    • B60W2556/50—External transmission of data to or from the vehicle of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems for automatically warning and/or braking in vehicles, for example by monitoring friction levels and road grip between one or more tyres of a vehicle and a surface of a road bearing the tyres of the vehicle. Moreover, the invention also concerns method of implementing aforesaid automatic warning and/or braking in vehicles.
  • the present invention also relates to software products stored on machine readable media, the software products being executable on computing hardware for implementing aforesaid methods.
  • Roads have mutually different types of upper exposed road surfaces such as gravel, Earth, asphalt, concrete, cobbled stones and similar. These different types of upper surfaces at a given instance in time exhibit mutually different coefficients of friction in comparison to tyres on a vehicle, and therewith mutually different road grip in mutually different weather conditions. Temperature and dampness in air affect the road grip of the tyre, and this grip is further affected by water, snow, dust or oil and similar which are to be found along upper exposed surfaces of roads.
  • upper exposed road surfaces such as gravel, Earth, asphalt, concrete, cobbled stones and similar.
  • R a frictio ⁇ al force
  • ⁇ a coefficient of friction
  • N a force normal to road surface.
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ is a number describing a state which is indicative of a relationship between the frictional force R and the normal force N.
  • the friction number ⁇ is dependent upon an area of contact between two bodies which are in frictional contact.
  • the area of the contact region has no relevance to how large the friction is between the two bodies.
  • the friction number ⁇ for rubber, for example as used for fabricating tyres, against a road surface is in a range of 0.4 to 1.0 for a dry road surface, is in a range of 0.05 to 0.9 for a wet road surface, and is 0.002 for ice on the road surface.
  • such friction measuring technology can be used for direct measurements of exact frictional relationship between tyres and associated bearing road surfaces under "ideal conditions", wherein associated data for "ideal conditions” can be recorded into a database as standard values S1. Moreover, the camera-provided measurements under these "ideal conditions” are also logged into the database. Later camera-provided measurement data S2, which are derived from normal driving trips, are compared with these originally camera-provided measurements and their associated standard values S1 and a deviation ⁇ S between these is then an indication of frictional grip onto the road surface during the normal driving trips.
  • camera-provided measurements are referred to here, it will be appreciated that other types of sensors can optionally be employed.
  • tyre American: "tire"
  • the aforementioned measurement instruments for measuring road friction and road surface state can also be used for measuring/registering, amongst others, tyre surface pattern and tyre pattern depth.
  • Such measurement of tyre surface pattern and tyre pattern depth is important on account of the pattern of the tyre being progressively worn down during vehicle driving, and frictional characteristics of the pattern will thus be changing continuously; over a longer term, such frictional characteristics are reduced in response to each of the tyres becoming worn.
  • the system is characterized in that it comprises units for registering parameters which can influence road-surface grip, together with means for warning and/or taking action when a lower threshold value for the road-surface grip is reached.
  • Such a system is defined in appended claim 1.
  • a software product executable on computing hardware for implementing the method pursuant the second aspect of the invention; the software product is defined in appended claim 20.
  • a dataset product for use by the software product for enabling the system pursuant to the first aspect of the invention to function.
  • a central database apparatus arrangement operable to support one or more vehicle-mounted systems pursuant to the first aspect of the invention.
  • such central database apparatus arrangements are operable to enable data from a vehicle-mounted system on a first vehicle to be conveyed via the central database apparatus arrangement pursuant to the fifth aspect of the invention to a vehicle-mounted system mounted in a second vehicle; such an arrangement enables a central database apparatus to be updated together with enabling both vehicles to benefit from data acquired regarding a state of a section of road along which both vehicles travel.
  • Such updating is beneficially implemented automatically for reducing cost and ensuring that the systems are maintained up-to-date, for example in response to changing hazards and local weather and road conditions.
  • the database arrangement is beneficially operable to communicate with the vehicle-mounted systems is real time using wireless communication, or periodically, for example via Internet connection through personal computers (PC).
  • Such periodic communication can be achieved by the vehicle-mounted systems having a detachable data module which users can couple to the USB ports of their personal computers (PCs) for exchanging data via Internet with the database apparatus arrangement.
  • a central database apparatus arrangement as claimed in appended claim 21 : there is provided a central database apparatus arrangement for use with one or more vehicle-mounted systems pursuant to the first aspect of the invention, characterized in that the database apparatus arrangement is operable to maintain a database including geographical location information (P) and corresponding road frictional information, wherein the database apparatus arrangement is operable:
  • P geographical location information
  • the apparatus arrangement is operable such that communication between the one or more systems and the database apparatus arrangement is implemented via at least one of: mobile wireless communication, Internet connection.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention there is provided a method of operating a database apparatus as defined in appended claim 21 : there is provided a method of operating a database apparatus arrangement pursuant to the fifth aspect of the invention, characterized in that the method includes:
  • the present invention thus provides a new system which is adapted to monitor a degree of friction, namely a friction level, between a vehicle, namely its tyres, and a road surface bearing the vehicle.
  • a degree of friction namely a friction level
  • the system will automatically implement a safety procedure, namely provide a warning to a driver of the vehicle, and thereafter, if necessary, execute a controlled speed reduction (braking) as a consequence of the warning.
  • a data unit furnished with a database wherefrom, for various speeds of the vehicle, it is feasible to calculate the vehicle's frictional coefficient against the road surface.
  • information in the database can define threshold levels for responsible driving. These threshold values can be transferred to a supervising unit of the system which can warn the driver and/or implement a controlled braking activity.
  • the system has a computing unit, namely a data processing device, which continuously computes a responsible estimated friction level for the vehicle under all conditions and speeds.
  • a computing unit namely a data processing device, which continuously computes a responsible estimated friction level for the vehicle under all conditions and speeds.
  • the system will warn the vehicle's driver with sound and text for assisting the vehicle's driver to reduce the speed of the vehicle to safe regimes.
  • the system will automatically implement a controlled braking to reduce the speed of the vehicle to a responsible level.
  • the system can, for example, be mounted in all vehicles with ABS and ESP systems. By using the system, it will thus be safer to drive in traffic in diverse weather conditions.
  • the friction level between tyres of the vehicle and a road surface supporting the vehicle via its tyres is measured continuously by two units implemented as specially constructed friction sensors which are beneficially mounted before both front wheels of the vehicle.
  • Tyre pressure for example, is an important parameter influencing tyre friction.
  • the sensors are operable to measure properties of the road surface.
  • the friction level is computed in a data unit which has a database furnished with a set of reference parameters; such reference parameters can, for example, include external temperature and relative humidity which are taken into account in computations executed in the data unit.
  • the friction level on the road surface is also evaluated in respect of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle's weight, speed and friction levels of all the tyres of the vehicle are measured continuously and is compared with a responsible level for the vehicle for avoiding occurrence of accidents. In a situation where the friction level is lower than that required, the system warns the vehicle's driver and/or implements a braking action.
  • the data unit is furnished with a database which enables, for each speed of the vehicle, friction coefficients and hence friction levels in respect of the road surface, to be computed.
  • Information in the database can thereby establish threshold levels for responsible driving. These threshold levels can be transferred to a management unit which is operable to warn the driver of the vehicle and/or execute a controlled braking.
  • the system operates within two areas, namely early warning and avoidance braking.
  • the vehicle-mounted system is implemented as an interconnected combination of several units including one or more of: (a) a display, for example dash-board display, for presenting warnings to the driver of the vehicle with sound and text;
  • a display for example dash-board display, for presenting warnings to the driver of the vehicle with sound and text;
  • a weight sensor which is mounted to an outer surface of each of the vehicle's spring arrangement and/or shock-absorber arrangement, and on one or more wheels of one or more trailers when such are coupled to the vehicle;
  • an external temperature sensor for measuring ambient external temperature in a vicinity of the vehicle, for example using an aspirated thermocouple thermometer and/or an infra-red imaging thermometer device;
  • a wind speed measuring device for monitoring ambient wind experienced by the vehicle, for example severe cross-winds which can cause sideways forces to be experienced by the vehicle which can cause the vehicle to swerve in operation;
  • an air humidity measuring device for measuring external relative in a vicinity of the vehicle;
  • a daylight sensor for measuring ambient light levels, for example indicative of sunlight which can dry a road surface and thereby improve its frictional characteristics;
  • a speed and distance measuring device for example for use when computing expected centrifugal forces to be experienced by the vehicle when travelling around a bend;
  • a measuring unit for sensing a turning angle and a roll angle of the vehicle, for example for use in computing lateral forces being experienced or likely to be experienced by the vehicle which could cause it to slip on the road surface;
  • a height measuring device for example for measuring an altitude of the vehicle above sea level and/or for measuring a height of the vehicle in an event that a roof rack is added to the vehicle which renders the vehicle more top-heavy and which could cause the vehicle more easily to tip when travelling along bends in roads;
  • a centrifugal force measuring device for example implemented as a differential accelerometer arrangement and/or a configuration of solid-state gyroscopes
  • an accelerometer for measuring linear acceleration of the vehicle, for example for determining a risk of wheel slip during braking actions executed by the driver of the vehicle;
  • an electrical noise sensor for example for measuring thunderstorm occurrence and/or man-made electrical signals such as electromagnetic radiation emitted from radio stations and microwave Doppler speed cameras along a road;
  • a radar arrangement for example a microwave short-distance radar for measuring properties of the road surface such as occurrence of an ice layer thereupon;
  • an optical camera for example for imaging road surface conditions for determining a presence of water, ice or snow on the road surface;
  • a tyre friction monitor for monitoring friction level provided by the tyres of the vehicle;
  • one or more air pressure sensors for tyres of the vehicle for example air pressure sensors implemented as RFID units with pressure sensors mounted onto tyre valves and/or hubs of one or more wheels of the vehicle;
  • an ABS braking system for example an ABS braking system;
  • an ESP stability control arrangement for example a microwave short-distance radar for measuring properties of the road surface such as occurrence of an ice layer thereupon;
  • a GPS position measuring device for monitoring a spatial position of the vehicle in respect of a constellation of geostationary and/or orbiting GPS satellites
  • a data processing unit provided with Internet coupling for communicating with the Internet
  • a data processing unit provided with an alternative type of communication link from the vehicle, for example an alternative wireless data link; and (z) a wireless or radio link for exchanging data with the vehicle.
  • the tyre friction monitor is beneficially a measuring instrument mounted in respect of all wheels of the vehicle, and also in respect of the wheels of any trailer coupled to the vehicle.
  • the monitor is operable to measure, amongst other details, a depth in a tyre thread pattern on tyres of the vehicle, and also monitors properties of the outer surface of the tyres.
  • the tyre friction monitor as aforementioned for measuring road conditions and for evaluating frictional conditions and a state of the road surface, is utilized for measuring/registering tyre surface patterns and tyre pattern depth.
  • the tyre pattern of a tyre is worn down during driving, and the frictional characteristics of the tyre are correspondingly changing continuously in use; over a longer term, frictional characteristics of the tyres deteriorate with use.
  • the vehicle's data unit and associated database include information/data regarding different tyre types, and also information regarding winter tyre types with and without spikes and in addition can take into account use of chains for enhancing adhesion, for example in severe icy or snowy conditions.
  • the system includes means for manually registering into the database when tyres are changed or replaced, for example when exchanging between summer tyres and winter tyres which can include spikes, or a change from one type of tyre to another type of tyre such as changing between radial and cross-ply.
  • the system is also capable of taking into account a designation of manufacture of tyres, for example "Viking”, “Nokian”, “Michelin” which are registered trade marks. All tyres from various different manufacturers have their special characteristics which are beneficially recorded in the aforementioned database. It is intended that the system itself optionally has an operational functionality to determine when a tyre is changed on the vehicle.
  • tyres of the vehicle are equipped with radio frequency identification devices (RFID) modules or tags which transmit a code identifying a type and manufacturer of the tyres to the system; the system has beneficially corresponding data for the tyres in its database and is thereby able to compute likely frictional level expected from the tyres when in operation on the vehicle.
  • RFID radio frequency identification devices
  • a unit is included in the system for measuring tyre thread depth.
  • a unit can be implemented, for example, as a radar sensor, for example a short millimetric wavelength microwave radar system.
  • the unit also comprises a heat-seeking camera, namely an infra-red camera, for sensing the temperature of the tyre which can have significance for a friction coefficient exhibited by the tyre when in use.
  • the system includes a data unit provided with one or more executable software products.
  • the one or more software products when executed upon a data processor of the data unit are operable to transfer and process measured data for one or more active measurement sensors mounted upon the vehicle, preferably from all active measurement sensors of the vehicle namely for determining parameters which can influence the vehicle's grip on the road.
  • the measured data is evaluated against information in a database, for example wherein a pre-generated navigational map is provided.
  • a pre-generated navigational map is provided in a database, for example wherein a pre-generated navigational map is provided.
  • This road map advantageously includes different physical data pertaining to given road sections, for example data concerning turning angle, roll angle, and height and spatial positions whereat the road surface has been scanned and characterized.
  • road surfaces properties for example road surface roughness, road surface type (asphalt, gravel, etc.) and similar, are examples of original registered data stored in the pre-generated road map under ideal dry weather conditions which thereby defines optimal driving conditions in respect of road surface grip.
  • Properties of road sections provided and recorded in the database of the system have a major significance with regard to grip of the vehicle onto the road surface.
  • Data regarding road surface friction recorded in the pre-generated road map is modified in response to measured road conditions to obtain an indication of anticipated friction of tyres on the road surface in compromised situations, for example in wet or icy weather conditions.
  • One or more sensors mounted onto the vehicle enable such measured road conditions to be determined.
  • centrifugal forces are also influential with regard to friction of the vehicle's tyres and thereby grip on the road; vehicles often lose grip when travelling around bends in compromised weather conditions on account of centrifugal forces experienced by the vehicle.
  • the system is operable to determine a precise position of its vehicle along a road by navigation; when the position of the vehicle is known in respect of the aforementioned road map, the data unit can identify from the map where bends and turns in the trajectory of the vehicle occur and thereby anticipate likely forces which the vehicle will experience and which have to be handled by tyres of the vehicle.
  • the data unit will calculate instantaneous effects of centrifugal forces on the vehicle's friction on the road and thereby be able to anticipate dangerous sections of the road whereat enhanced driving care is required, suitably adjusted in respect of weather conditions and road conditions as monitored by aforementioned sensors included on the vehicle and coupled to provide measurement data to the data unit.
  • the program products executing upon a data processor of the data unit are operable to implement a computation of grip of the vehicle upon the road.
  • the data unit will be temporally ahead by computing a forthcoming turning curve's properties, namely something which affects grip on the road surface. This leads to the data unit computing ahead of trajectory which threshold values pertain to the vehicle's speed within the curve/turn, related to the grip on the road surface.
  • the system is operable to warn the driver of the vehicle via warning signals, for example by presenting a visual warning on a dashboard screen of the vehicle or by generating an audible warning sound signal or by some other way of attracting attention of the driver of the vehicle.
  • pre-generated navigation map is stored in the database; data from the map is employed actively as a point of reference for determination/measurement of grip of tyres of the vehicle onto the road surface as aforementioned.
  • pre-generation maps with associated additional data, for example as described in Norwegian patent application no. 2008 2337 which belongs to
  • the foundation for such a map is, for example, generated by laser scanning from an aircraft, for example from one or more photographs derived from imaging vertically down towards ground, and one or more oblique photographs, for example imaged from different oblique angles.
  • the map which is used in the system pursuant to the present invention is based upon a map database wherein there are logged a range of parameters which can influence the frictional relationship between vehicle tyres and the road surface.
  • a map database is fundamental to operation of the system and in developed form is conveniently referred in this connection as being a "special electronic map".
  • the electronic map is constructed as region- upon-region with a basis that the selected map producer's road map is used as a foundation onto which all measurements taken from special equipped instruments via use of a registration vehicle are added to generate the electronic map.
  • the system comprises its own data unit which executes its own computations for determining operational parameters of the vehicle relative to a section of road along which the vehicle travels, in that the system in addition utilizes the system's navigation map which is pre- generated and stored into the vehicle's data apparatus.
  • the system functions such that all the measurements undertaken by the vehicle's sensors are evaluated against data of the navigation map in the data unit and thereby a position of the vehicle on the map is determined; based upon the identified position, a most probable indication of grip on the road surface at the identified position is determined, where necessary modified in response to factors which can influence grip on the road at the identified position.
  • the vehicle's exact position as identified by navigation is shown on a screen or display which is mounted in association with the vehicle's dashboard.
  • the map which is stored electronically in memory of the data unit, is beneficially based on a GPS-map showing streets, roads and all usual map details.
  • GPS position measurement can be used to determine a position of the vehicle within the special electronic map.
  • contours of the road over an entire length of the road namely that one has measured, registered and stored following parameters for the road: (i) its compass direction - Kr, (ii) its climbing angle, namely angle of inclination - Sv; (iii) its angle of roll - Kv; and
  • the vehicle is equipped with the following instrumentation: (a) a display for showing navigational information;
  • the system also includes a GPS-unit and utilizes associated signals as an additional reference; (n) a radio link for communicating data;
  • a height measuring sensor for example an altitude sensor, a sensor for measuring a height of the vehicle above a road surface supporting the vehicle.
  • the system measures and registers these parameters continuously as a function of travelled section of road, namely that the apparatus continuously registers changes in a compass direction of the road, climbing angle of the road, tilt angle of the road surface and height over sea level (hoh).
  • compass direction a compass direction of the road
  • climbing angle of the road a compass direction of the road
  • tilt angle of the road surface a compass direction of the road
  • height over sea level hoh
  • the parameters such as pressure within tyres of the vehicle, speed and travelled distance travelled by the vehicle, a radar image of the road section and surrounding terrain traversed by the vehicle, and electrical noise along the road in which the vehicle is travelling are measured and registered in data memory.
  • the electrical noise measuring device registers the level of electrical signals and magnetism and transfers them to the database whereat they are evaluated up against allowed values; such registered electrical noise is beneficially employed in correlation or neural network analysis for determining a position of the vehicle in respect of the pre-generated map stored in the system.
  • the system comprises also an optical camera which is continuously operable to photograph surroundings which change in response to movement of the vehicle along its section of road.
  • tyres of the vehicle additionally comprise a measuring device which registers tyre pressure and conveys such measurement further to the system. Based upon tyre pressure measurements, the system is operable to implement a compensation on account of this tyre pressure being susceptible to changing with time and influencing friction grip of the vehicle to the road surface. More precisely, the system optionally comprises a radio "Bluetooth"-unit for signal communication between the system and wheels of the vehicle and their associated tyres.
  • the true value set for these parameters for a given section of road is measured beforehand, and stored in the data unit's map memory.
  • a radar image is registered, images of the terrain and electrical noise are registered, and the data unit then implements a comparison, for example a correlation and/or neural network analysis.
  • a comparison for example a correlation and/or neural network analysis.
  • the major advantage of this system is that all necessary instruments and data processing for determining a position of the vehicle, are implemented within the vehicle, and one is therefore not dependent upon external instruments or signals in order to determine the position of the vehicle, for example in contradistinction to GPS systems which require external signals to geostationary satellites in order to function correctly.
  • the present invention is capable of operating without GPS position measurement active or, alternatively, with such GPS measurement active depending on preferred implementation of the invention.
  • Contemporary quality of images provided from satellites is so high that they can be used in combination with GPS-systems for providing a reference point for roads and driving conditions.
  • the image quality is expected to be yet better in future satellite- and image capture systems.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ is measured in respect of the road in a direction of travel.
  • the angle ⁇ which is encountered is defined in relation to a horizontal angle which has a value 0.
  • the angle of roll of the vehicle ⁇ is measured in respect of the road section in the driving direction.
  • the angle ⁇ that is thereby derived is in relation to the horizontal angle, wherein this angle ⁇ is measured in respect of an axis which is orthogonal, namely 90 degrees, in relation to a direction of measurement of angle of inclination ⁇ .
  • Velocity- and distance-measurement devices of the vehicle provide insight regarding vehicle speed for use in computations, together with an indication of distances already travelled. Moreover, the compass provides information regarding distances of the vehicle from terrain and building constructions.
  • electrical noise sensors have associated therewith a receiver for electronic noise signals and magnetism. In a situation that the sensors receive higher signals than expected and values of the signals affect some of the other measuring u ⁇ instruments, these higher signals are utilized in the data unit and employed to correct measurement values; for example, higher signals than expected can either be indicative of unexpected road surface conditions.
  • the camera an image of the terrain in the surroundings of the vehicle is captured.
  • database of the system there is stored a digital navigation map which has saved in respect thereto details regarding the same measurement units and associated data as the system itself executes in operation. That is to say, a vehicle has earlier driven through all actual sections of road of the navigation map and registered all the relevant measurement data in a data memory for subsequent use by the data unit of the system.
  • Advantages with this system are that: (a) it is possible to navigate under all conditions and establish the position of the vehicle more accurately, for example the system is not dependent upon having available a GPS-satellite connection; (b) fewer deviations in navigation arise in practice which allows the driver to more easily keep attention on the traffic situation and use of the vehicle will be more pleasant; (c) when the system assists to reduce deviations of the vehicle, there arises a benefit of more secure and safe driving and thereby fewer accidents, for example reduced injury and loss of life.
  • the system functions by way of when the driver starting the vehicle and selecting a route for travel, wherein during subsequent driving along the route involves the system executing its own measurements which are evaluated up against the pre-generated navigational map.
  • the system can acquire sensor signals for a period of travel along a section of road and then correlate against the navigational map for recognizing a most likely location for the vehicle; such a situation can arise when the vehicle is transported by ferry between two locations and then is required to identify its geographical location when leaving the ferry.
  • the system of the vehicle is in a disorientated state.
  • a short period can arise after leaving the ferry during which the system is inactive whilst it collects sensor signals to find its spatial location; beneficially, the system informs its user of the short period of inactivity of the system so that the user can take extra care when driving his/her vehicle to try to avoid accidents.
  • one or more first vehicles equipped with the system pursuant to the present invention and having earlier reliably determined their position with respect to their special electronic map are operable, for example via near field radio communication (NRC), to inform one or more second disorientated vehicles in their near proximity the determined positions of the one or more first vehicles.
  • NRC near field radio communication
  • vehicles equipped with systems pursuant to the present invention can be disorientated when transported by ferry from one harbour to another harbour.
  • Such an arrangement is of advantage in that a given second vehicle equipped with the system and in a disorientated state having just arriving at a first location is informed by one or more of the one or more first vehicles at the first location regarding the map location of the first location.
  • such exchange of position data between vehicles equipped with the system and in mutually near proximity can be used in addition to vehicle positions being determined by comparing sensor signals over a period of time with the special electronic map. It is thereby feasible to improve position reliability of the system as well as enabling disorientated vehicles passing in near proximity to other orientated vehicles to rapidly identify their positions and thereby become orientated.
  • Such an exchange of position information between vehicles equipped with systems pursuant to the present invention is of immense value when a significant proportion of vehicles are equipped with systems pursuant to the present invention.
  • the present invention is therefore potentially capable of rendering GPS position-determination systems superfluous and providing a lower- cost solution than GPS navigation.
  • present conventional GPS position-measurement systems are not able to provide the safety warning and/or braking functionality of the present invention on account of such conventional GPS systems being devoid of sensors for inspecting road services and tyres of vehicles.
  • the vehicle is equipped with the following instrumentation:
  • a display which is operable to show friction/road-adhesion, with one or more warning that can come with sound and/or text
  • a steering unit which is operable to regulate braking of the vehicle
  • a weight sensor which is coupled or otherwise mounted onto an external surface of each of the vehicle's springs and/or shock absorber construction, and on one or more wheels of any trailers of the vehicle, for example mounted in association with every wheel of the trailer;
  • a centrifugal force measuring arrangement for example implemented using an angular accelerometer and/or a gyroscopic device operable to measure gyroscopic Coreolis forces;
  • a tyre friction monitor for example implemented using an angular accelerometer and/or a gyroscopic device operable to measure gyroscopic Coreolis forces;
  • a tyre friction monitor for example implemented using an angular accelerometer and/or a gyroscopic device operable to measure gyroscopic Coreolis forces
  • a tyre friction monitor for example implemented using an angular accelerometer and/or a gyroscopic device operable to measure gyroscopic Coreolis forces
  • a tyre friction monitor for example implemented using an angular accelerometer and/or a gyroscopic device operable to measure gyroscopic Coreolis forces
  • a tyre friction monitor for example implemented using an angular accelerometer and/or a gyroscopic device operable
  • the present invention utilizes one or more prepared software program products which are executable to access registrations and data from measuring units of the vehicle. These data are evaluated in a database.
  • the database includes many reference parameters.
  • threshold values for responsible driving in relation to speed, weight, road surface covering, humidity, temperature and wind conditions.
  • the one or more program products will warn the driver of the vehicle via sound and/or visual presentation on a screen of the vehicle to indicate that the speed of the vehicle must not exceed defined levels, namely threshold values.
  • the one or more program products are optionally operable to send a message to a steering unit for braking and thereby implement an automatic speed reduction of the vehicle to a responsible and safe speed range.
  • the program product places great emphasis on accurately registering friction level for the vehicle and road and uses many reference points for achieving such accuracy.
  • the database comprises information on specific types of vehicle, for example dependent upon vehicle model number and manufacturer; the information includes one or more of weight, tyre type, tyre condition, engine power and gear arrangement.
  • a special pre-generated road map which is operable to function as a reference for the position of the vehicle; this is necessary for accurately establishing the position of the vehicle within a road network when in operation.
  • the database also includes data regarding all types of anticipated road surface, for example asphalt, gravel, sand, earth and stone. In combination with the various road surfaces, there is also provided friction levels as a function of humidity and temperature of the road surface.
  • the database also includes images and videos of different states of the road surface as a function of humidity and temperature.
  • data regarding depth levels of the different road surface layers is snow which lies upon an underlay of ice.
  • a calendar and a clock of the system is also provided. Such time reference is provided for quality controlling computations in respect of the relevant day and time at which the vehicle is employed for executing a journey.
  • the system it is also operationally possible for the system to receive weather reports which can also be a point of reference for the one or more program products.
  • the friction measuring device is operable to recognize its position and is capable of receiving a confirmation regarding a state of the road surface.
  • the system is operable to compute the friction level of the road surface.
  • the friction level is then compared with a speed of the vehicle in operation, weight of the vehicle and friction level of its tyres. Thereby, the friction level between the vehicle and the road surface is determined for being subsequently compared against threshold levels recorded in the database.
  • the driver of the vehicle is warned and/or the system automatically implements a controlled braking to reduce speed of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle's navigation system functions amongst other things as a unit which is not required to show or propose any particular driving route. Moreover, it is not an intention or necessity that the navigated position identified by the system in operation is shown on a screen for the driver. In such case, the navigation itself operates in real time and only processes data which has relevance for computations within the system.
  • the present invention is thus radically different in comparison to a contemporary GPS position determining system with map display. It is not a primary intention of the present invention to present the user with a visual indication of the geographically position of the user and his/her vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of two vehicles 10, 30 which mutually meet along a road 50 in a bend 60, whereat it is important for both vehicles 10, 30 that there is a safe grip on a road surface 200 of the road 50;
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of the vehicle 10 which includes an instrument panel (dashboard) 70, wherein one is able to observe a road way 80 through a front windscreen 90 with a centre-line 100 shown in dotted form;
  • FIG. 3 is an illustration of a sensor 140 which is mounted in operation in a vicinity of a front wheel with a tyre 130 of the vehicle 10, wherein the sensor 140 is adapted to monitor continuously properties of the tyre 130 on the front wheel, for example its tyre tread pattern type and pattern depth.
  • the sensor 140 In association to each tyre of the vehicle 10, there is optionally provided such a sensor 140, such that all tyres of the vehicle 10 are continuously monitored in operation and thereby are evaluated by a system pursuant to the present invention mounted upon the vehicle 10;
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of a sensor 150 which is mounted in a forward portion of the vehicle 10 for executing measurements of properties of the road surface 200; optionally, the sensors 140, 150 are integrated together, for example as an actuated scanning transducer assembly; and
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a sensor unit 260 for measuring properties of foundations of the road 50 which potentially have an influence on friction levels;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of functional parts of a system 400 pursuant to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication system operable to support one or more vehicle-mounted systems as illustrated in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6.
  • an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent.
  • a non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a line linking the non- underlined number to the item.
  • the non-underlined number is used to identify a general item at which the arrow is pointing.
  • a system pursuant to the present invention is shown in overview in FIG. 6 and indicated generally by 400.
  • a unit 260 of the system 400 is constructed from a housing or a cabinet fabricated with waterproof glass- or plastics-material on its underside for enabling inspection of a tyre thread pattern and/or a road surface.
  • a cleaning unit with associated sensor which is operable to clean the glass and/or plastics material of the underside of the housing or cabinet.
  • a camera 290 for example a laser-scanning camera, which can be used to image a depth cross-section, namely smoothness or roughness of the road surface 200. It is, amongst other things, such a camera which is utilized in the sensor 140 for measuring a pattern type for the tyres and also their pattern depth as aforementioned.
  • microwave sensing is employed for measuring properties of the road surface 200. Moreover, such measurements enable an overview and determination of exact and indirect data relating to friction level and grip on the road surface 200;
  • the camera 290 can also be used to determine to what extent the road surface 200 is covered in a layer of snow, ice, oil or dust, gravel, sand and similar.
  • Microwave energy for example, is able to penetrate a distance into the road surface 200, thereby enabling characterization of whether or not asphalt is covered by ice with a snow layer formed upon the ice layer.
  • a laser scanner and its associated data system is optionally taught to interpret occurrence of such layers upon the road surface 200, such that the driver can receive such information via a screen on the dashboard 70.
  • the apparatus is additionally operable to "see” and register occurrence of oil spills or films on an upper exposed surface of asphalt.
  • the driver is not certain that the driver is aware of such spills or films which can represent a hazard in respect of grip of the vehicle upon the road surface 200.
  • the driver can adapt or correct his/her driving style accordingly.
  • optical friction sensing sensors are beneficially mounted into or adjacent to front lights of the vehicle.
  • one or more of the sensors are mounted centrally at a front of the vehicle. Such mounting of the one or more sensors can provide earlier warning by the system.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown a block diagram which illustrates flow of information in the system 400 pursuant to the present invention.
  • the system 400 comprises a special electronic map database 500, wherein measurement data for the mutually different parameters as aforementioned are temporarily stored, the measurements being representative for ideal driving conditions, and against which later measurements can be compared.
  • a data processing unit There is also provided a data processing unit. Signals generated in operation from the mutually different sensors are transferred to the data processing unit 520 whereat they are processed and compared with previously recorded basic data.
  • a degree of similarity is shown on the screen which is an indication of actual grip onto the road surface 200, and this is represented by way of boxes 540, 550.
  • the result of the comparison is shown on the screen 560.
  • This system 400 is also coupled to the vehicle's own driving computer system 570 which is operable to apply selectively controlled braking in an event that the driver himself/herself does not react with such braking action.
  • the screen 560 presents, for example, a most probable grip on the road surface 200 with help of a pointer which moves relative to a graphical presentation scale.
  • the sensor types which are described in the foregoing are operable to measure parameters which can have a bearing in respect of friction level between a tyre and a corresponding road surface in contact with the tyre.
  • accumulative data from these sensors are stored in the database.
  • the data processing unit 520 implements a comparison with the recorded measurement values which are stored beforehand.
  • a comparison unit included in the data processing unit 520 collects in all these values for determining deviation from the previously recorded values, and the data processing unit 520 selects a manner in which a sum (SUMMEN) of all these values is to be interpreted when the vehicle's grip on the road surface 200 is to be evaluated.
  • the data processing unit 520 interprets SUMMEN such that the vehicle is being driven along the road in such a manner that lies within a dangerous range wherein frictional grip onto the road surface 200 can be potentially lost.
  • SUMMEN such that the vehicle is being driven along the road in such a manner that lies within a dangerous range wherein frictional grip onto the road surface 200 can be potentially lost.
  • On the display 560 there is then shown a warning to the driver in the form of text, flashing light signal or there is generated a sound signal that there is a danger in respect of grip onto the road surface 200; and
  • the data processing unit 520 interprets SUMMEN such that the vehicle is being driven in such a manner that it is close to losing grip onto the road surface 200.
  • the data processing unit 520 overrides the driver's will, and activates the braking system 570 of the vehicle, including ABS functionality, in order to implement necessary intervention and reduce a speed of the vehicle in a controlled manner.
  • the system 400 controls simultaneously a driving state of the vehicle in relation to all the conditions which can influence its frictional grip onto the road.
  • the system 400 is operable to bar use of the vehicle, for example in a situation that frictional road grip is catastrophically bad, for example in a manner akin to an "alcohol lock" which presents a driver utilizing a vehicle when the driver is in a compromised state in consequence of consumption of alcoholic beverages.
  • Such bar to use of the vehicle is beneficially implemented by selectively deactivating or disabling the ignition arrangement of the vehicle, such that the engine of the vehicle cannot be started.
  • an implementation can be compared with an "alcohol-lock" which prevents a vehicle being started when the driver is under the influence of alcohol.
  • Such cessation of the system 400 to execute computations relates both to the sum of the values (SUMMEN) and for signals from each sensors.
  • the system 400 can optionally elect to ignore the one or more signals, and rely on a reduced number of properly functioning sensors; thereby, operating reliability of the system can be enhanced by such selective use of sensors provided on the vehicle.
  • the system 400 pursuant to the present invention is well adapted for use in personal vehicles, for example small automobiles, motorcycles. Moreover, the system 400 is susceptible to being utilized in all types of vehicles for which road grip has a major importance for safe transportation of loads and people, for example: load-bearing vehicles such as trucks, busses, construction equipment, and even aircraft.
  • load-bearing vehicles such as trucks, busses, construction equipment, and even aircraft.
  • An especially potentially important area for use of the present invention includes: snow clearance vehicles, snow ploughs, snow pulverising vehicles, for example as used on mountain roads which can have harsh terrain.
  • the system 400 is beneficially provided with one or more arrangements 700 for enabling the system to communicate with other devices and communication networks remote from the vehicle 10 into which the system 400 is installed.
  • Such one or more arrangements can beneficially include at least one of: (a) a BlueTooth or similar near field radio (NFR) communication link of a few milliwatts (mW) power for interfacing to a user's mobile telephone, wherein the user's mobile telephone has downloaded thereto a software application, for example a Java application, which enables the system 400 coupled by BlueTooth of similar NFR to the mobile telephone.
  • NFR near field radio
  • the mobile telephone enables wireless access for the system 400 to a telephone network and one or more data servers coupled thereto for uploading data from the system 400 to the one or more data servers, and/or downloading data from the one or more servers to the system 400;
  • the system 400 is thus capable of conveying information generated by its sensors to the one or more servers, for example for use for warning other drivers via their systems 400, as well as ensure accuracy and quality of information stored at the one or more servers. It is thus possible to implement automatic low-cost updating of information progressively stored and conveyed from the one or more data servers.
  • system 400 is capable of being operated such that vehicles 10A adapted pursuant to the present invention provide data from their sensors to a central network site (for example an Internet web-site) 800 including information regarding the geographical locations P1 of the vehicles 10A and sensed road conditions pertaining at these locations P1 ; such an arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • a central network site for example an Internet web-site 800 including information regarding the geographical locations P1 of the vehicles 10A and sensed road conditions pertaining at these locations P1 ; such an arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the central network site 800 is operable to update its database 810 as well as provide information concerning the road conditions at the locations P2, P3, P4 to other vehicles 10B, 10C, 10D adapted pursuant to the present invention which travel concurrently or subsequently in the aforesaid geographical locations P1
  • the vehicle 10A adapted pursuant to the present invention travels along a mountain road at the locations P1 whereat sensors of the vehicle 10A identify poor tyre friction on the road surface 200 there, for example due to poor road surface 200; the information is conveyed to the central network site 800 as illustrated in FIG. 7, for example via a wireless data link 820 implemented using mobile telephone infrastructure.
  • the database 810 is updated that poor road friction is to be expected along the mountain road at the locations P1 and the central network site 800 also updates the database of the other vehicles 10B, 10C, 10D adapted pursuant to the present invention coupled to the network site 800 via one or more wireless data links 830.
  • these other vehicles 10B, 10C, 10D are subsequently driven along the mountain road at the locations P1, their systems 400 from updated information from the network site 800 expect a low friction threshold along the mountain road and warn their drivers accordingly and/or implementing a braking operation as deemed necessary by the system 400.
  • Each vehicle 10 with its associated system 400 can provide sensor signal information and corresponding geographical location information to the central network site 800, as well as receiving updated information from the central network site 800.
  • other drivers equipped with systems 400 in communication with the network site 800 can receive information from the central network site 800 regarding actual road friction conditions as a function of geographical map location.
  • the system 400 with its associated sensors mounted on each vehicle 10 is capable of maintaining the central network site 800 automatically updated for the benefit of other vehicles 10 also equipped with the system 400 with its associated sensors and also periodically or continuously in communication with the central network site 800.
  • a user of the system 400 is thus able to receive a pre-warning regarding driving conditions and frictional grip in respect of the given section of road.
  • Such communication from systems 400 pursuant to the present invention installed into vehicles 10 to the central network site 800 is implemented either in real-time using wireless Internet or similar, or is implemented by users of the system 400 periodically demounting at least a part of the system 400 and coupling it via a personal computer (PC) or telephone connection point to the central network site 800 for purposes of exchanging data.
  • a portion of the system 400 is beneficially implemented as a detachable data module equipped with an inexpensive USB interface which users can remove from their vehicles 10 and couple via their personal computers (PC) through the Internet to the central network site 800 implemented as a cluster of one or more data servers; the modules are thereby capable of updating the central network site 800.
  • PC personal computers
  • Other users coupling their corresponding modules into their personal computers (PC) can download updates regarding road friction conditions expected for various geographical locations P.
  • Such updating via normal personal computer (PC) can be implemented on an occasional basis, for example daily or weekly.
  • new roads and routes with their associated contour information can be automatically downloaded by users driving around in their vehicles 10 to the central network site 800, thereby reducing a cost of providing service from the central network site 800, thereby providing a more economical service to users which can financially undermine contemporary GPS road navigation schemes as well as providing additional functionality relating to friction monitoring with associated low-of-friction warning and/or automatic braking of vehicles 10 to prevent occurrence of accidents.
  • the central network site 800 is provided with reliable data for updating its parameter information, road information and sensor data.
  • the central network site 800 is beneficially operable to update its records when N vehicles travelling along a same section of road indicate an specific unusual conditions, for example a dangerous ice patch, a slippery snow covering, loose gravel, sand and so forth.
  • N vehicles travelling along a same section of road indicate an unusual conditions, for example a dangerous ice patch, a slippery snow covering, loose gravel, sand and so forth.
  • Beneficially several vehicles 10, namely N > 1 via their respective systems 400 are required to download their sensor data relating to unusual road conditions at a given spatial section of road before the central network 800 updates its records pertaining to the section of road.
  • the central network site 800 is operable to receive sensor information and corresponding processed data from one or more systems 400, and filter the data for taking a decision whether or not to update information in the central network site 800 for subsequent dissemination to other systems 400, wherein the filtering is dependent upon the nature of hazard or condition conveyed in the data provided to the central network site 800.
  • Such filtration reduces a risk of deliberate damage or degrading of integrity of data at the central network site 800 by malicious third party activities which could have safety implications.
  • the system 400 is beneficially sold in kit form for retrofitting to vehicles, for example with installation executed by users and/or authorised automotive workshops and dealers.
  • the system 400 is sold as a component part for integration into new vehicle designs, for example as component parts to an automotive assembly line.
  • Communication to the central network site 800 and receiving updates therefrom is beneficially subject to payment of a regular subscription fee.
  • each system 400 is provided with a unique identification code by which it can be recognized by the central network site 800.
  • a degree to which a given system 400 is updated with information can be made dependent upon a magnitude of subscription fee paid and/or a degree to which the given system 400 is equipped with sensors and hence its use to the central network site 800 for providing it with useful information regarding road conditions, for example for the benefit of other users equipped with the system 400.
  • the system 400 functions by way of when the driver starting the vehicle and selecting a route for travel, wherein during subsequent driving along the route involves the system 400 executing its own measurements which are evaluated up against the pre-generated navigational map.
  • the place/position at which the driver finds himself/herself will be recognized by the system 400. Thereby one has a position at a starting point and navigation can begin therefrom.
  • the system can acquire sensor signals for a period of travel along a section of road and then correlate or otherwise comparing against the navigational map for recognizing a most likely location for the vehicle; such a situation can arise when the vehicle is transported by ferry between two locations and then is required to identify its geographical location when leaving the ferry.
  • the system 400 of the vehicle is in a disorientated state.
  • a short period can arise after leaving the ferry during which the system 400 is inactive whilst it collects sensor signals to find its spatial location; beneficially, the system 400 informs its user of the short period of inactivity of the system so that the user can take extra care when driving his/her vehicle to try to avoid accidents.
  • one or more first vehicles equipped with the system 400 pursuant to the present invention and having earlier reliably determined their position with respect to their special electronic map are operable, for example via near field radio communication (NRC), to inform one or more second disorientated vehicles in their near proximity the determined positions of the one or more first vehicles.
  • NRC near field radio communication
  • such near-field communication is beneficially provided via the one or more arrangements 700.
  • vehicles equipped with systems 400 pursuant to the present invention can be disorientated when transported by ferry from one harbour to another harbour.
  • Such an arrangement is of advantage in that a given second vehicle equipped with the system 400 and in a disorientated state having just arriving at a first location is informed by one or more of the one or more first vehicles at the first location equipped with the system 400 regarding the map location of the first location.
  • such exchange of position data between vehicles equipped with the system 400 and in mutually near proximity can be used in addition to vehicle positions being determined by comparing sensor signals over a period of time with the special electronic map. It is thereby feasible to improve position reliability of the system 400 as well as enabling disorientated vehicles passing in near proximity to other orientated vehicles to rapidly identify their positions and thereby become orientated.
  • Such an exchange of position information between vehicles equipped with systems 400 pursuant to the present invention is of immense value when a significant proportion of vehicles are equipped with systems 400 pursuant to the present invention.
  • the present invention is therefore potentially capable of rendering GPS position-determination systems superfluous and providing a lower-cost solution than GPS navigation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
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Abstract

Un système (400) de commande du niveau de frottement et de l'adhérence entre les pneus (130) d’un véhicule et la surface de la route (200) est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des unités d'enregistrement des paramètres susceptibles d'influencer l'adhérence, ainsi qu'un moyen (560) d'avertissement et/ou d'exécution d'une action lorsque l'on s'approche d'un niveau seuil inférieur. Plus précisément, le système (400) utilise un moyen (530) de mesure et d'enregistrement d’une ou de plusieurs valeurs pour des paramètres comme : - les caractéristiques de la surface de route en temps réel ; - la manière dont le véhicule est conduit par son conducteur, par exemple en ce qui concerne la vitesse ; et – la position du véhicule le long de la route (50). Le système comprend une unité de données (520) équipée d'une unité de calcul permettant de comparer les valeurs mesurées avec une ou plusieurs valeurs pour : - les propriétés de la route dans des conditions optimales déterminées dans des conditions optimales ; et - les caractéristiques techniques du véhicule. Le moyen permettant d’avertir et/ou d’exécuter une action (560) lorsque les valeurs seuil susmentionnées sont dépassées est mis en place de sorte que le système (400) puisse être actionné pour fournir au conducteur un avertissement concernant un état de la route et/ou pour exécuter une réduction de la vitesse de manière commandée et automatique.
PCT/NO2009/000271 2008-08-14 2009-07-31 Système d’avertissement et/ou de freinage automatique dans un véhicule Ceased WO2010019045A1 (fr)

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GBGB1002455.2A GB201002455D0 (en) 2009-05-20 2010-02-15 driving assistance device and vehicle system
PCT/NO2010/000183 WO2010134824A1 (fr) 2009-05-20 2010-05-18 Dispositif d'assistance à la conduite et système de véhicule
GB1100179A GB2472969B (en) 2009-05-20 2010-05-18 Driving assistance device and vehicle system

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NO20083543A NO20083543L (no) 2008-08-14 2008-08-14 System for automatisk varsling og/eller nedbremsing ved glatt kjorebane
NO20083543 2008-08-14

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GB2480716A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-30 Per Magnussen Road surface and tyre condition monitoring apparatus
DE102010025719A1 (de) * 2010-06-30 2012-05-16 Wabco Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ausgabe eines Signals bei gefährlichem Untergrund unter einem Fahrzeug
WO2012087150A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Edp Systems As Appareil de contrôle de condition de surface de route
WO2013007800A1 (fr) * 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 Land Rover Système et procédé de commande de véhicule
ITVI20120194A1 (it) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-02 Luca Sgolmin Una gruppo di monitoraggio perfezionato dell¿aderenza dei pneumatici di un veicolo sul terreno
US8738201B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2014-05-27 Engineered Arresting Systems Corporation Systems and methods of improving or increasing information concerning, particularly, runway conditions available to pilots of landing aircraft
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