WO2010076878A1 - 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 - Google Patents
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010076878A1 WO2010076878A1 PCT/JP2009/071675 JP2009071675W WO2010076878A1 WO 2010076878 A1 WO2010076878 A1 WO 2010076878A1 JP 2009071675 W JP2009071675 W JP 2009071675W WO 2010076878 A1 WO2010076878 A1 WO 2010076878A1
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- 0 *(C(*c1c2cccc1)[C@@](C1)c3ccccc3)*2N=C1c1ccccc1 Chemical compound *(C(*c1c2cccc1)[C@@](C1)c3ccccc3)*2N=C1c1ccccc1 0.000 description 11
- IEKLHMXOZFANFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrCc(cc1)cc(c2c3)c1[o]c2ccc3Br Chemical compound BrCc(cc1)cc(c2c3)c1[o]c2ccc3Br IEKLHMXOZFANFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIZIJZYSSOCEPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC(c(c1c2cccc1)cc1c2c2ccccc2c2ccccc12)=C Chemical compound C=CC(c(c1c2cccc1)cc1c2c2ccccc2c2ccccc12)=C ZIZIJZYSSOCEPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRWNPBGGPZIGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1ccc(cc(cc2)-c3ccc(ccc(-c(cc4c5c6)ccc4[o]c5ccc6-c(cc4)cc5c4ccc(-c4cc6ccccc6cc4)c5)c4)c4c3)c2c1 Chemical compound c1ccc(cc(cc2)-c3ccc(ccc(-c(cc4c5c6)ccc4[o]c5ccc6-c(cc4)cc5c4ccc(-c4cc6ccccc6cc4)c5)c4)c4c3)c2c1 WRWNPBGGPZIGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07C13/62—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with more than three condensed rings
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a material for an organic electroluminescence element and an organic electroluminescence element using the material (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as an organic EL element).
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent element material provided with a light emitting layer that emits red light, and an organic electroluminescent element using the same.
- An organic electroluminescence device that has an organic thin film layer including a light emitting layer between an anode and a cathode and that emits light from exciton energy generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected into the light emitting layer is known. ing.
- Such an organic electroluminescence element is expected as a light-emitting element excellent in luminous efficiency, image quality, power consumption, and thin design, taking advantage of the self-luminous element.
- luminous efficiency can be mentioned.
- a light emitting material phosphorescent material
- an organic electroluminescence device exhibiting phosphorescence has been reported.
- an internal quantum efficiency of 75% or more and theoretically close to 100% can be realized, and an organic electroluminescence device with high efficiency and low power consumption. Is obtained.
- a doping method in which a host material is doped with a light emitting material as a dopant.
- excitons can be efficiently generated from the charge injected into the host material.
- the exciton energy of the produced exciton can be moved to a dopant, and highly efficient light emission can be obtained from a dopant.
- the excited triplet energy Eg H of the host material is larger than the excited triplet energy Eg D of the phosphorescent dopant. is necessary.
- CBP 4,4′-bis (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl
- a material having an effectively large excited triplet energy see, for example, Patent Document 1.
- a phosphorescent dopant exhibiting a predetermined emission wavelength for example, green or red
- a highly efficient organic electroluminescence device can be obtained.
- CBP is used as a host material, there is a problem that the luminous efficiency is remarkably improved by phosphorescence emission, but the lifetime is very short and it is not suitable for practical use. This is presumably because the molecular stability of the CBP molecular structure is not high and the deterioration of the molecules due to holes is severe.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a condensed ring derivative containing a nitrogen-containing ring such as carbazole is used as a host material for a phosphorescent layer that exhibits red phosphorescence. Although this technique has improved luminous efficiency and lifetime, there are cases where it is not sufficient for practical use.
- fluorescent hosts for fluorescent dopants that exhibit fluorescent emission
- various host materials that can form fluorescent light-emitting layers with excellent emission efficiency and long life in combination with fluorescent dopants have been proposed.
- the excited singlet energy Eg (S) is larger than that of the fluorescent dopant
- the excited triplet energy Eg (T) is not necessarily large. Therefore, the host material of the phosphorescent light emitting layer (phosphorescent host) is simply used. ) Cannot be diverted.
- anthracene derivatives are well known as fluorescent hosts.
- an anthracene derivative has a relatively small excited triplet energy Eg (T) of about 1.9 eV.
- Eg (T) the energy transfer with respect to the phosphorescence dopant which has the emission wavelength of visible light region of 520 nm to 720 nm cannot be ensured.
- the excited triplet energy cannot be confined in the light emitting layer. Therefore, anthracene derivatives are unsuitable as phosphorescent hosts.
- perylene derivatives, pyrene derivatives, naphthacene derivatives, and the like are not preferable as a phosphorescent host for the same reason.
- Patent Document 3 an example using an aromatic hydrocarbon compound as a phosphorescent host is known (Patent Document 3).
- a compound having a benzene skeleton at the center and two aromatic groups as substituents bonded to the meta position is used as the phosphorescent host.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon compound of Patent Document 3 has a molecular structure in which molecules are extended symmetrically with respect to the central benzene skeleton, there is a problem that the light emitting layer is easily crystallized.
- Patent Documents 4 to 9 disclose organic electroluminescence devices using various aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. However, no mention is made of the effectiveness as a phosphorescent host.
- Patent Document 10 exemplifies compounds in which condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings are arranged at the left and right substitution positions of the 2,7-naphthalene ring
- Patent Document 11 discloses a 2,7-naphthalene ring. Examples are compounds in which a phenanthroline ring, which is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, is arranged at the left and right substitution positions.
- Patent Document 12 has an anthracene ring as an essential skeleton at the left and right substitution positions of a 2,7-naphthalene ring. Compounds having an aromatic substituent are exemplified.
- the present inventors have found that the compound described in Patent Document 10 has a highly planar aromatic hydrocarbon ring composed of four or more rings positioned symmetrically with respect to the 2,7-naphthalene ring.
- the compound described in Patent Document 12 has an excited triplet energy of an anthracene ring of 1.9 eV or less. Therefore, it has been found that the energy level is too low in the phosphorescent device, and in particular when the phosphorescent material is used as a host for the phosphorescent material in the light emitting layer, efficient organic EL light emission cannot be obtained even in red with low energy.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a phosphorescent organic electroluminescent element material having high efficiency and a long lifetime, and an organic electroluminescent element using the same.
- an organic electroluminescent element material (hereinafter referred to as an organic EL element material) represented by the following (1) or (2).
- an organic EL element material represented by the following (1) or (2).
- the present inventors have found that a phosphorescent organic electroluminescent device having a high efficiency and a long lifetime can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented by R 1 to R 3 and Ar 1 to Ar 3 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, A condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are both condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings composed of 4 or more rings, Ar 1 and Ar 2 are different from each other; When Ar 1 and Ar 2 are both benzene rings, R 1 and R 2 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms or naphthalene rings; When R 1 and R 2 are both hydrogen atoms, Ar 1 and Ar 2 are not simultaneously a naphthalene ring, nor a combination of a naphthalene ring and a benzene ring. However, the structure represented by any of the following formulas (x-1) to (x-16) is excluded. )
- R 1 to R 3 , Ar 1 to Ar 3 and 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene rings may have are aryl groups other than an anthracene ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device according to 1 above which is an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, 3.
- Ar 1 is a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzo phenanthrene ring and represents a ring selected from the benzochrysene ring
- Ar 2 is an organic electroluminescence element material of the 5 wherein represents a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, 7).
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represent a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 represent different rings.
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented by R 4 , R 5 and Ar 4 to Ar 6 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring,
- a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring selected from a benzotriphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring;
- Ar 5 represents a benzene ring
- neither Ar 4 nor Ar 6 is a benzene ring.
- Ar 4 and Ar 6 are each independently a chrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzophenanthrene ring, a benzotriphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, or a benzo [b] 9.
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device according to 8 above which is a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring selected from a fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, 10.
- Ar 5 represents a benzene ring
- Ar 4 and Ar 6 are each independently a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring different from each other, 11.
- the substituent that the R 4 , R 5 , Ar 4 to Ar 6 and 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene rings may have is an aryl group other than an anthracene ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms 9.
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device according to 8 above which is an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. 12 9.
- R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms
- Ar 4 or Ar 6 is a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring, 13.
- R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms, Ar 5 has 10 or more ring-forming carbon atoms, and Ar 4 or Ar 6 is a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring.
- Ar 4 or Ar 6 is a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring.
- An organic thin film layer composed of one layer or a plurality of layers is provided between the cathode and the anode, and the organic thin film layer is an organic electroluminescent element material represented by the following formula (1) and at least one phosphorescent light emitting material.
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising: (Where R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, a dibenzofuran ring, or a group represented by —Ar 3 —R 3 ; Ar 1 to Ar 3 each independently represents a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring; R 1 and R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring;
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented by R 1 to R 3 and Ar 1 to Ar 3 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, A condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring selected from a be
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are both condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings composed of 4 or more rings, Ar 1 and Ar 2 are different from each other; When Ar 1 and Ar 2 are both benzene rings, R 1 and R 2 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms or naphthalene rings; When R 1 and R 2 are both hydrogen atoms, Ar 1 and Ar 2 are not simultaneously a naphthalene ring, nor a combination of a naphthalene ring and a benzene ring. However, the structure represented by any of the following formulas (x-1) to (x-16) is excluded. )
- R 1 to R 3 , Ar 1 to Ar 3 and 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene rings may have are aryl groups other than an anthracene ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to 15 above which is an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, 17.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represent a benzene ring or the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, 18. 18.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 represent different condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings, 19. 18.
- Ar 1 represents a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring, 20.
- Ar 1 is a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, represent a ring selected from benzo phenanthrene ring and benzochrysene ring
- Ar 2 is an organic electroluminescence element of the 19, wherein represents a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, 21.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represent a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring, and Ar 1 and Ar 2 represent different rings. element,
- An organic thin film layer comprising one layer or a plurality of layers is provided between the cathode and the anode, and the organic thin film layer comprises an organic electroluminescent element material represented by the following formula (2), and a phosphorescent material
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising one kind, (Where Ar 4 to Ar 6 each independently represents a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring; R 4 and R 5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring;
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented by R 4 , R 5 and Ar 4 to Ar 6 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, A condensed aromatic
- Ar 5 represents a benzene ring
- neither Ar 4 nor Ar 6 is a benzene ring.
- Ar 4 and Ar 6 are each independently a chrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzophenanthrene ring, a benzotriphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, or a benzo
- Ar 5 represents a benzene ring
- Ar 4 and Ar 6 are the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings different from each other, 25.
- the substituent that the R 4 , R 5 , Ar 4 to Ar 6 and 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene rings may have is an aryl group other than an anthracene ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms 23.
- the organic electroluminescence device as described in 22 above which is an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, 26.
- the organic thin film layer has at least one light emitting layer, and at least one of the light emitting layers includes an organic electroluminescent element material represented by the formula (1) or (2), and at least one phosphorescent light emitting material.
- Luminescence element 32.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to 32, wherein the maximum value of the emission wavelength of at least one of the phosphorescent materials contained in the light emitting layer is 520 nm or more and 720 nm or less, 34.
- the organic thin film layer has an electron transport layer or an electron injection layer between the cathode and the light-emitting layer, and the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer is any one of the above-described organic electro The organic electroluminescence device according to 15 or 22 above, comprising a material for a luminescence device, 35.
- the organic thin film layer has an electron transport layer or an electron injection layer between the cathode and the light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer has a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or a 5-membered ring skeleton. 35.
- the organic electroluminescence device as described in 15 or 22 above comprising an aromatic ring or a condensed aromatic ring compound having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton, and The organic electroluminescence device according to 15 or 22 above, wherein a reducing dopant is added to an interface region between the cathode and the organic thin film layer, I will provide a.
- a highly efficient and long-lived phosphorescent organic electroluminescent element can be provided by using the organic electroluminescent element material represented by said Formula (1) or (2). .
- the present invention is for an organic electroluminescence element material represented by the following formula (1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an organic EL element material (1)) and an organic electroluminescence element represented by the following formula (2).
- a material hereinafter, may be referred to as an organic EL element material (2)) is provided.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, a dibenzofuran ring, or a group represented by —Ar 3 —R 3 ;
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 each independently represents a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring;
- R 1 and R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring;
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented by R 1 to R 3 and Ar 1 to Ar 3 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, A condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring selected from a benzotriphenylene ring,
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are both condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings composed of 4 or more rings, Ar 1 and Ar 2 are different from each other;
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are both benzene rings, R 1 and R 2 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms or naphthalene rings;
- R 1 and R 2 are both hydrogen atoms, Ar 1 and Ar 2 are not simultaneously a naphthalene ring, nor a combination of a naphthalene ring and a benzene ring.
- the structure represented by any of the following formulas (x-1) to (x-16) is excluded.
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring composed of four or more rings is a chrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a triphenylene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzophenanthrene ring, a benzotriphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring, and Examples include a picene ring.
- Ar 4 to Ar 6 each independently represents a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring
- R 4 and R 5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a benzene ring, a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a dibenzofuran ring
- the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings represented by R 4 , R 5 and Ar 4 to Ar 6 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring,
- a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring selected from a benzotriphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring
- the organic EL element material (1) represented by the above formula (1) has an asymmetric structure with respect to the 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene ring
- the organic EL element material represented by the above formula (2) (2) has an asymmetric structure with respect to the 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene ring-Ar 5 -2,7-disubstituted naphthalene ring structure. It will be a dramatic improvement.
- the organic EL device material (1) and the organic EL device material (2) of the present invention have a large triplet energy gap (excited triplet energy)
- phosphorescence emission is caused by energy transfer to the phosphorescent dopant.
- the anthracene derivative well known as a fluorescent host is not suitable as a phosphorescent dopant for red emission, but the organic EL device material of the present invention has a large triplet energy gap, so that it effectively emits red light.
- the phosphorescent dopant showing can be made to emit light.
- CBP which is a well-known phosphorescent host
- the organic EL device material of the present invention can exhibit phosphorescent dopants that emit green light. It can only emit light.
- the stability of the molecule can be increased and the device life can be extended. At this time, if the number of nucleus atoms in the skeleton is too small, the stability of the molecule is not sufficiently increased.
- the organic EL element material (1) and the organic EL element material (2) have an appropriate number of nucleus atoms, they are suitable as a phosphorescent host of a phosphorescent light-emitting layer exhibiting a useful emission wavelength and high stability. Can be used.
- CBP having a wide triplet energy gap has been used as the host material.
- the CBP has a problem that the triplet energy gap Eg (T) is wide but the lifetime is short.
- the present invention cannot be applied to a phosphorescent dopant host having a wider gap than blue, but functions as a host for a red or green phosphorescent dopant. Furthermore, if the triplet energy gap is too wide as in CBP, there is a problem that the energy gap difference is too large for the red phosphorescent dopant and the intermolecular energy transfer is not performed efficiently. According to the host of the invention, the energy gap is matched to the red or green phosphorescent dopant, so that energy can be efficiently transferred from the host exciton to the phosphorescent dopant, resulting in a very efficient phosphorescent emission Layers can be constructed. Thus, according to the present invention, a highly efficient and long-lived phosphorescent light emitting layer can be formed.
- the triplet energy gap Eg (T) of the material constituting the organic electroluminescence element is exemplified based on the phosphorescence emission spectrum.
- T triplet energy gap
- the phosphorescence measurement sample is put in a quartz cell, cooled to 77K, irradiated with excitation light, and the wavelength of the emitted phosphorescence is measured.
- a triplet energy gap Eg (T) is defined as a value obtained by drawing a tangent line to the short-wavelength rise of the obtained phosphorescence spectrum and converting the wavelength value at the intersection of the tangent line and the base line into energy.
- a commercially available measuring device F-4500 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
- any value that can be defined as a triplet energy gap without departing from the gist of the present invention is acceptable, regardless of such rules.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 in the formula (1) each independently preferably represent a benzene ring or the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and more preferably represent a benzene ring or the condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring, More preferably, they represent different condensed aromatic hydrocarbon rings.
- the Ar 1 preferably represents a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring, and the Ar 1 is a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring.
- Ar 2 represents a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring.
- Ar 4 and Ar 6 are each independently chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, benzotriphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, benzo [b It is preferably a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring selected from a fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, and Ar 4 and Ar 6 are more preferably each independently a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring different from each other.
- R 4 and R 5 are preferably hydrogen atoms
- Ar 4 or Ar 6 is preferably a group selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring and a benzochrysene ring
- Ar 5 has 10 or more ring carbon atoms
- Ar 4 or Ar 6 is a ring selected from a phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, and a benzochrysene ring.
- Ar 5 is preferably a dibenzofuran ring.
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 , Ar 4 and Ar 6 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted fluoranthene ring, substituted or unsubstituted Particularly preferred is a group having excellent heat resistance, such as a benzophenanthrene ring or a substituted or unsubstituted benzochrysene ring.
- R 1 to R 3 , Ar 1 to Ar 3 and a 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene ring in the formula (1), and R 4 , R 5 , Ar 4 to Ar 6 and two two in the formula (2) , 7-disubstituted naphthalene ring may have one or more substituents including an aryl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a carbon number A cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, an aryl group excluding an anthracene ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon
- the number of substituents that each of the two 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene rings has is preferably 2 or less, and more preferably 1 or less.
- aryl substituent having 6 to 22 carbon atoms examples include phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, phenylnaphthyl, naphthylphenyl, naphthylnaphthyl, phenylphenanthrenyl, chrysenyl, and fluorane.
- alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms examples include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n -Hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n -Hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl group, 1-butylpentyl group, 1-
- haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms examples include chloromethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroisobutyl group, 1,2-dichloroethyl group, 1,3-dichloroisopropyl group, 2,3-dichloro-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trichloropropyl group, bromomethyl group, 1-bromoethyl group, 2-bromoethyl group, 2-bromoisobutyl group, 1,2-dibromoethyl group, 1, 3-dibromoisopropyl group, 2,3-dibromo-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-tribromopropyl group, iodomethyl group, 1-iodoethyl group, 2-iodoethyl group, 2-iodoisobutyl group, 1,2 -Diiodoethyl
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a 3,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl group, and the like.
- a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a 3,5-tetramethyl group, and the like can be given. Examples thereof include a methylcyclohexyl group.
- the silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably, for example, an alkylsilyl group, an arylsilyl group, or an aralkylsilyl group.
- Examples include a trimethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group, a tributylsilyl group, a trioctylsilyl group, Triisobutylsilyl group, dimethylethylsilyl group, dimethylisoproylsilyl group, dimethylpropylsilyl group, dimethylbutylsilyl group, dimethyltertiarybutylsilyl group, diethylisopropylsilyl group, phenyldimethylsilyl group, diphenylmethylsilyl group, diphenyltersia
- Examples thereof include a butyl silyl group and a triphenyl silyl group.
- Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom
- Ar 3 in the formula (1) is preferably a ring selected from a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring, a fluoranthene ring, and a benzophenanthrene ring.
- a ring structure a thin film for an organic electroluminescence device having excellent stability can be formed.
- a highly efficient and long-life device can be constructed.
- the excited triplet energy of the organic EL device material (1) or the organic EL device material (2) of the present invention is preferably 2.0 eV or more and 2.8 eV or less.
- the excited triplet energy of the organic EL device material of the present invention is more preferably 2.0 eV or more and 2.7 eV or less, and further preferably 2.1 eV or more and 2.7 eV or less.
- organic EL element material (1) examples include the following compounds.
- organic EL element material (2) examples include the following compounds.
- Organic electroluminescence device also includes an organic thin film layer composed of one layer or a plurality of layers between the cathode and the anode, and the organic thin film layer is the organic EL element material (1) or the organic EL element material (2). And an organic electroluminescence device comprising at least one phosphorescent material.
- the organic electroluminescence element 1 includes a transparent substrate 2, an anode 3, a cathode 4, and an organic thin film layer 10 disposed between the anode 3 and the cathode 4.
- the organic thin film layer 10 includes a phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 containing a phosphorescent host and a phosphorescent dopant, and a hole injection / transport layer 6 or the like between the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 and the anode 3.
- An electron injection / transport layer 7 or the like may be provided therebetween.
- an electron barrier layer may be provided on the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 on the anode 3 side, and a hole barrier layer may be provided on the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 on the cathode 4 side.
- the terms fluorescent host and phosphorescent host are referred to as a fluorescent host when combined with a fluorescent dopant, and are referred to as a phosphorescent host when combined with a phosphorescent dopant. It is not limited to fluorescent hosts or phosphorescent hosts.
- the fluorescent host means a material constituting the fluorescent light-emitting layer containing a fluorescent dopant, and does not mean a material that can be used only for the host of the fluorescent material.
- a phosphorescent host means a material constituting a phosphorescent light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent dopant, and does not mean a material that can be used only as a host of the phosphorescent light emitting material.
- hole injection / transport layer means “at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer”
- electron injection / transport layer means “electron injection layer and It means “at least one of the electron transport layers”.
- the organic electroluminescence element of the present invention is produced on a light-transmitting substrate.
- the light-transmitting substrate is a substrate that supports the organic electroluminescence element, and is preferably a smooth substrate having a light transmittance in the visible region of 400 to 700 nm of 50% or more.
- a glass plate, a polymer plate, etc. are mentioned.
- the glass plate include soda lime glass, barium / strontium-containing glass, lead glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, barium borosilicate glass, and quartz.
- the polymer plate include those using polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyether sulfide resin, polysulfone resin and the like as raw materials.
- the anode of the organic electroluminescence element plays a role of injecting holes into the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, or the light emitting layer, and it is effective to have a work function of 4.5 eV or more.
- Specific examples of the anode material include indium tin oxide alloy (ITO), tin oxide (NESA), indium zinc oxide, gold, silver, platinum, copper, and the like.
- the anode can be produced by forming a thin film of these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the light transmittance in the visible region of the anode be greater than 10%.
- the sheet resistance of the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness of the anode depends on the material, but is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the cathode a material having a small work function is preferable for the purpose of injecting electrons into the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, or the light emitting layer.
- the cathode material is not particularly limited, and specifically, indium, aluminum, magnesium, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, aluminum-lithium alloy, aluminum-scandium-lithium alloy, magnesium-silver alloy and the like can be used.
- the cathode can be produced by forming a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the aspect which takes out light emission from a cathode side is also employable.
- the light emitting layer of the organic electroluminescence element has the following functions. That is, (1) Injection function; a function capable of injecting holes from an anode or a hole injection layer when an electric field is applied, and a function of injecting electrons from a cathode or an electron injection layer; (2) Transport function; function to move injected charges (electrons and holes) by the force of electric field, (3) Luminescent function; a function to provide a field for recombination of electrons and holes and connect this to light emission, There is.
- Injection function a function capable of injecting holes from an anode or a hole injection layer when an electric field is applied, and a function of injecting electrons from a cathode or an electron injection layer
- Transport function function to move injected charges (electrons and holes) by the force of electric field
- Luminescent function a function to provide a field for recombination of electrons and holes and connect this to light emission, There is.
- the light emitting layer is preferably a molecular deposited film.
- the molecular deposition film is a thin film formed by deposition from a material compound in a gas phase state or a film formed by solidification from a material compound in a solution state or a liquid phase state. Can be classified from a thin film (accumulated film) formed by the LB method according to a difference in an agglomerated structure and a higher-order structure and a functional difference resulting therefrom.
- a binder such as a resin and a material compound are dissolved in a solvent to form a solution, which is then thinned by a spin coating method or the like.
- a light emitting layer can be formed.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer is preferably 5 to 50 nm, more preferably 7 to 50 nm, and most preferably 10 to 50 nm. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, it is difficult to form a light emitting layer, and it may be difficult to adjust the chromaticity. If the thickness exceeds 50 nm, the driving voltage may increase.
- the organic thin film layer in the organic EL device of the present invention has at least one light emitting layer, and at least one of the light emitting layers is phosphorescent light emitting phosphorescent light emitting material (1) or (2) described above. It is preferable to include at least one material.
- the phosphorescent material used in the present invention exhibits phosphorescence emission, and preferably contains a metal complex.
- the metal complex is preferably one having a metal atom selected from Ir, Pt, Os, Au, Cu, Re and Ru and a ligand.
- the ligand preferably has an ortho metal bond.
- a compound containing a metal selected from iridium (Ir), osmium (Os) and platinum (Pt) is preferable in that the phosphorescence quantum yield is high and the external quantum efficiency of the light-emitting element can be further improved.
- a metal complex such as an iridium complex, an osmium complex, or a platinum complex is more preferable, among which an iridium complex and a platinum complex are more preferable, and an orthometalated iridium complex is most preferable.
- Specific examples of the metal complex are shown below, among which metal complexes that emit green to red light are particularly preferable.
- At least one of the phosphorescent materials contained in the light emitting layer preferably has a maximum emission wavelength of 520 nm to 720 nm, and more preferably 570 nm to 720 nm.
- a highly efficient organic electroluminescence device can be obtained by forming a light emitting layer by doping a phosphorescent light emitting material (phosphorescent dopant) having such an emission wavelength into a specific host material used in the present invention.
- the organic electroluminescent element of the present invention may have a hole transport layer (hole injection layer), and the hole transport layer (hole injection layer) is represented by the above formula (1). It is also preferable to contain a luminescent element material.
- the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention may have an electron transport layer and / or a hole barrier layer, and the electron transport layer and / or the hole barrier layer is represented by the above formula (1). It is also preferable to contain the organic electroluminescent element material.
- the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention preferably has a reducing dopant in the interface region between the cathode and the organic thin film layer. According to such a configuration, it is possible to improve the light emission luminance and extend the life of the organic electroluminescence element.
- the reducing dopant was selected from alkali metals, alkali metal complexes, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earth metal complexes, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metals, rare earth metal complexes, rare earth metal compounds, and the like. There is at least one kind.
- alkali metal examples include Na (work function: 2.36 eV), K (work function: 2.28 eV), Rb (work function: 2.16 eV), Cs (work function: 1.95 eV), and the like.
- a function of 2.9 eV or less is particularly preferable. Of these, K, Rb, and Cs are preferred, Rb and Cs are more preferred, and Cs is most preferred.
- Examples of the alkaline earth metal include Ca (work function: 2.9 eV), Sr (work function: 2.0 to 2.5 eV), Ba (work function: 2.52 eV), and the like. The thing below 9 eV is especially preferable.
- rare earth metals include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and the like, and those having a work function of 2.9 eV or less are particularly preferable.
- preferred metals are particularly high in reducing ability, and by adding a relatively small amount to the electron injection region, it is possible to improve the light emission luminance and extend the life of the organic electroluminescence element.
- alkali metal compound examples include alkali oxides such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and K 2 O, and alkali halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, and KF, and LiF, Li 2 O, and NaF are preferable.
- alkaline earth metal compound examples include BaO, SrO, CaO, and Ba x Sr 1-x O (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Ba x Ca 1-x O (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) mixed with these. BaO, SrO, and CaO are preferable.
- the rare earth metal compound, YbF 3, ScF 3, ScO 3, Y 2 O 3, Ce 2 O 3, GdF 3, TbF 3 and the like, YbF 3, ScF 3, TbF 3 are preferable.
- the alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex are not particularly limited as long as each metal ion contains at least one of an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, and a rare earth metal ion.
- the ligands include quinolinol, benzoquinolinol, acridinol, phenanthridinol, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiaryloxadiazole, hydroxydiarylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxybenzotriazole, Hydroxyfulborane, bipyridyl, phenanthroline, phthalocyanine, porphyrin, cyclopentadiene, ⁇ -diketones, azomethines, and derivatives thereof are preferred, but not limited thereto.
- the addition form of the reducing dopant it is preferable to form a layered or island-like shape in the interface region.
- a formation method a method in which a reducing dopant is deposited in the organic material by simultaneously depositing a light emitting material forming an interface region or an organic material that is an electron injection material while depositing a reducing dopant by a resistance heating vapor deposition method is preferable.
- the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited by a resistance heating vapor deposition method. Formed at 1 to 15 nm.
- the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited by a resistance heating vapor deposition method alone, preferably the thickness of the island It is formed with 0.05 to 1 nm.
- the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention preferably has an electron transport layer or an electron injection layer between the light emitting layer and the cathode, and the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer preferably contains the material for an organic electroluminescence device. More preferably, it is contained as a main component.
- the electron injection layer may be a layer that functions as an electron transport layer. “As a main component” means that the electron injection layer contains 50% by mass or more of the material for an organic electroluminescence element.
- the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is a layer that assists the injection of electrons into the light emitting layer, and has a high electron mobility.
- the electron injection layer is provided to adjust the energy level, for example, to alleviate a sudden change in the energy level.
- an aromatic heterocyclic compound containing one or more heteroatoms in the molecule is preferably used, and a nitrogen-containing ring derivative is particularly preferable.
- a nitrogen-containing ring derivative an aromatic ring having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton, or a condensed aromatic ring compound having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton is preferable.
- nitrogen-containing ring derivative for example, a nitrogen-containing ring metal chelate complex represented by the following formula (A) is preferable.
- R 2 to R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an oxy group, an amino group, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a heterocyclic group. Yes, these may be substituted.
- the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like.
- the optionally substituted amino group include an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, and an aralkylamino group.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms include a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group and the like.
- alkyl group examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and n-heptyl.
- n-octyl group n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group Group, n-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl group, 1-butylpentyl group, 1-heptyloctyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, hydroxymethyl group, 1-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyisobutyl group, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group, 1,3-di Droxyisopropyl group, 2,3-dihydroxy-t-butyl group,
- a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group are preferable.
- N-octyl group N-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group N-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl group, 1-butylpentyl group, 1-heptyloctyl group.
- alkenyl groups include vinyl, allyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1,3-butanedienyl, 1-methylvinyl, styryl, and 2,2-diphenylvinyl.
- 1,2-diphenylvinyl group 1-methylallyl group, 1,1-dimethylallyl group, 2-methylallyl group, 1-phenylallyl group, 2-phenylallyl group, 3-phenylallyl group, 3,3- A diphenylallyl group, a 1,2-dimethylallyl group, a 1-phenyl-1-butenyl group, a 3-phenyl-1-butenyl group, and the like, preferably a styryl group, a 2,2-diphenylvinyl group, 1, Examples include 2-diphenylvinyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a 3,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl group, and the like, and a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, and a 3,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl group are preferable.
- An alkoxy group is a group represented by —OY. Specific examples of Y include the same as those described for the alkyl group, and preferred examples are also the same.
- Non-condensed aryl groups include, for example, phenyl, biphenyl-2-yl, biphenyl-3-yl, biphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-3- Yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, o-tolyl, m- Tolyl group, p-tolyl group, pt-butylphenyl group, p- (2-phenylpropyl) phenyl group, 4'-methylbiphenylyl group, 4 "-t-butyl-p-terphenyl-4-yl group Group, o-cumenyl group, m-cumenyl group, p-cumenyl group, 2,3-xylyl group, 3,4-xylyl group, 2,5-
- the fused aryl group include a 1-naphthyl group and a 2-naphthyl group.
- the heterocyclic group is a monocyclic ring or a condensed ring, preferably a heterocyclic group having 1 to 20 nuclear carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 12 nuclear carbon atoms, still more preferably 2 to 10 nuclear carbon atoms, and a nitrogen atom , An aromatic heterocyclic group containing at least one hetero atom of oxygen atom, sulfur atom and selenium atom.
- heterocyclic group examples include, for example, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiophene, selenophene, furan, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, triazole, triazine, indole, indazole, purine, Thiazoline, thiazole, thiadiazole, oxazoline, oxazole, oxadiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, pteridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenazine, tetrazole, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzotriazole, Groups derived from tetrazaindene, carbazole, aze,
- aralkyl group examples include benzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 1-phenylisopropyl group, 2-phenylisopropyl group, phenyl-t-butyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, 1- ⁇ -Naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, p-methylbenzyl group, m-methylbenzyl group, o-methylbenzyl group, p-chloro
- benzyl group, p-cyanobenzyl group, m-cyanobenzyl group, o-cyanobenzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 1-phenylisopropyl group, 2-phenylisopropyl group are preferable. It is.
- the aryloxy group is represented as —OY ′, and examples of Y ′ include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, a 2-anthryl group, a 9-anthryl group, and a 1-phenanthryl group.
- the heteroaryloxy group is represented by —OZ ′, and examples of Z ′ include 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4-pyridinyl Group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 3-isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group Group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6-benzofuranyl group, 7-benzofuranyl group Group, 1-isobenz
- the alkoxycarbonyl group is represented as —COOY ′, and examples of Y ′ include the same as the alkyl group.
- the alkylamino group and the aralkylamino group are represented as —NQ 1 Q 2 .
- Specific examples of Q 1 and Q 2 are independently the same as those described for the alkyl group and the aralkyl group, and preferred examples are also the same.
- One of Q 1 and Q 2 may be a hydrogen atom.
- the arylamino group is represented as —NAr 1 Ar 2, and specific examples of Ar 1 and Ar 2 are the same as those described for the non-condensed aryl group and the fused aryl group.
- One of Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be a hydrogen atom.
- M is aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga) or indium (In), and is preferably In.
- L in the above formula (A) is a group represented by the following formula (A ′) or (A ′′).
- R 8 to R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other may form a cyclic structure.
- R 13 to R 27 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other may form a cyclic structure.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms represented by R 8 to R 12 and R 13 to R 27 in the above formulas (A ′) and (A ′′) is the same as the specific examples of R 2 to R 7. Is mentioned.
- the divalent group includes a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, diphenylmethane-2,2 Examples include a '-diyl group, a diphenylethane-3,3'-diyl group, and a diphenylpropane-4,4'-diyl group.
- the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer preferably contain a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is a layer that assists the injection of electrons into the light emitting layer and has a high electron mobility.
- the electron injection layer is provided to adjust the energy level, for example, to alleviate a sudden change in the energy level.
- As a material used for the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer 8-hydroxyquinoline or a metal complex of a derivative thereof, an oxadiazole derivative, or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is preferable.
- a metal chelate oxinoid compound containing a chelate of oxine (generally 8-quinolinol or 8-hydroxyquinoline), for example, tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- 8-quinolinol or 8-hydroxyquinoline for example, tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- oxadiazole derivative the following can be mentioned.
- Ar 17 , Ar 18 , Ar 19 , Ar 21 , Ar 22 and Ar 25 each represent an aryl group with or without a substituent
- Ar 17 and Ar 18 , Ar 19 and Ar 21 , Ar 22 And Ar 25 may be the same or different
- Ar 20 , Ar 23 and Ar 24 each represent an arylene group with or without a substituent
- Ar 23 and Ar 24 may be the same or different.
- the arylene group include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a biphenylene group, an anthranylene group, a peryleneylene group, and a pyrenylene group.
- substituents for these include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a cyano group.
- this electron transfer compound those having good thin film forming properties are preferably used. Specific examples of these electron transfer compounds include the following.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative examples include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives which are organic compounds having the following and are not metal complexes.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives which are organic compounds having the following and are not metal complexes.
- a 5-membered or 6-membered ring containing the skeleton shown in (A) and a structure shown in (B) can be mentioned.
- X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represents an atomic group capable of forming a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group consisting of a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring. Furthermore, in the case of such a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group having a plurality of nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic having a skeleton obtained by combining the above formulas (A) and (B) or the formulas (A) and (C) Organic compounds.
- the nitrogen-containing group of the nitrogen-containing organic compound is selected from, for example, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups represented by the following.
- R is an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is 0 When n is an integer of 2 or more, the plurality of R may be the same or different from each other.
- preferred specific compounds include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the following formula.
- HAr is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- L 1 is a single bond and having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Ar 1 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Ar 2 is an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- HAr is selected from the following group, for example.
- L 1 is selected from the following group, for example.
- Ar 2 is selected from the following group, for example.
- Ar 1 is selected from, for example, the following arylanthranyl groups.
- each of R 1 to R 14 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, An aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and Ar 3 is an aryl having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent Or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms.
- a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative in which R 1 to R 8 in Ar 1 represented by the above formula are all hydrogen atoms.
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic aromatic ring group.
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a dicyanomethylene group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different groups, and are aryl groups represented by the following formula.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are the same or different groups, and hydrogen atom or at least one of them is a saturated or unsaturated alkoxyl group, alkyl group, amino group Or it is an alkylamino group.
- a polymer compound containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative may be used.
- the electron transport layer preferably contains at least one of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the following formulas (201) to (203).
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 each independently have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- An optionally substituted quinolyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and L is a substituent.
- Ar 1 is an arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridinylene group which may have a substituent, or a quinolinylene group which may have a substituent.
- Ar 2 represents an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, a substituent An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have Have a substituent or an alkoxy group which may having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Ar 3 has an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted pyridyl group, a substituted group.
- a quinolyl group which may have a group, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- the aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, phenanthryl.
- Anthryl group, 9- [10- (1′-naphthyl)] anthryl group, 9- [10- (2′-naphthyl)] anthryl group and the like are preferable.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
- trifluoro Examples thereof include haloalkyl groups such as a methyl group, and those having 3 or more carbon atoms may be linear, cyclic or branched.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Those having 3 or more carbon atoms may be linear, cyclic or branched.
- Examples of the substituent for each group represented by R include a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, An aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or 3 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent 40 heteroaryl groups and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms are the same as those described above.
- Examples of the aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms include a phenoxy group and a biphenyloxy group.
- Examples of the heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms include a pyrrolyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a silylyl group, a pyridyl group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a benzofuryl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a selenophenyl group. Oxadiazolyl group, triazolyl group and the like.
- n is an integer of 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 2.
- R 1 may have an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 each independently have a hydrogen atom, an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- L has an arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridinylene group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. It may be a quinolinylene group or a fluorenylene group which may have a substituent.
- the arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms is preferably an arylene group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically, a hydrogen atom 1 from the aryl group described above for R. And divalent groups formed by removing the individual.
- the substituent for each group represented by L is the same as that described for R.
- L is preferably a group selected from the group consisting of the following.
- Ar 1 may have an optionally substituted arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted pyridinylene group, or a substituent. It is a quinolinylene group.
- the substituent for each group represented by Ar 1 and Ar 3 is the same as that described for R.
- Ar 1 is preferably any group selected from condensed ring groups represented by the following formulas (101) to (110).
- each condensed ring is a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted carbon atom. Having an alkoxy group of ⁇ 20, an aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms that may have a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms that may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- L ′ is a single bond or a group selected from the group consisting of the following.
- the formula (103) represented by Ar 1 is preferably a condensed ring group represented by the following formulas (111) to (125).
- each condensed ring has a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted carbon number 1
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- Ar 2 may have an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- Ar 3 has an optionally substituted aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted pyridyl group, and a substituent.
- Specific examples of these groups, preferred carbon numbers and substituents are the same as those described for R.
- Ar 3 is preferably any group selected from condensed ring groups represented by the following formulas (126) to (135).
- each condensed ring is a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted carbon atom.
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- L ′ is the same as described above.
- R ′ represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted carbon atom having 6 to 40 carbon atoms. Or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- (128) represented by Ar 3 is preferably a condensed ring group represented by the following formulas (136) to (158).
- each condensed ring has a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted carbon number 1
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- R ′ is the same as described above.
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 are preferably each independently a group selected from the group consisting of the following.
- HAr represents the following structure in the above formulas (201) to (203).
- the thickness of the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 100 nm.
- an insulator or a semiconductor as an inorganic compound as a constituent of the electron injection layer. If the electron injection layer is made of an insulator or a semiconductor, current leakage can be effectively prevented and the electron injection property can be improved.
- an insulator it is preferable to use at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides and alkaline earth metal halides. If the electron injection layer is composed of these alkali metal chalcogenides or the like, it is preferable in that the electron injection property can be further improved.
- preferable alkali metal chalcogenides include, for example, Li 2 O, K 2 O, Na 2 S, Na 2 Se, and Na 2 O
- preferable alkaline earth metal chalcogenides include, for example, CaO, BaO. , SrO, BeO, BaS and CaSe
- preferable alkali metal halides include, for example, LiF, NaF, KF, LiCl, KCl, and NaCl.
- examples of preferable alkaline earth metal halides include fluorides such as CaF 2 , BaF 2 , SrF 2 , MgF 2 and BeF 2 , and halides other than fluorides.
- the inorganic compound constituting the electron injection layer is preferably a microcrystalline or amorphous insulating thin film. If the electron injection layer is composed of these insulating thin films, a more uniform thin film is formed, and pixel defects such as dark spots can be reduced.
- examples of such inorganic compounds include alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides, and alkaline earth metal halides.
- the preferred thickness of the layer is about 0.1 nm to 15 nm.
- the electron injection layer in this invention contains the above-mentioned reducing dopant, it is preferable.
- an aromatic amine compound for example, an aromatic amine derivative represented by the following (I) is preferably used.
- Ar 1 to Ar 4 represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nuclear atoms.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms include phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms include 1-pyrrolyl group, 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4- Pyridinyl group, 1-indolyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 2-isoindolyl group, 3- Isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5- Benzofuranyl group,
- Preferred examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, an anthranyl group, a phenanthryl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrycenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, and a fluorenyl group.
- L is a linking group. Specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 50 nuclear atoms, or two or more arylene groups or heteroarylene groups as a single bond , An ether bond, a thioether bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and a divalent group obtained by bonding with an amino group.
- Examples of the arylene group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms include 1,4-phenylene group, 1,2-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 1,4-naphthylene group, 2,6-naphthylene group, 1 , 5-naphthylene group, 9,10-anthranylene group, 9,10-phenanthrenylene group, 3,6-phenanthrenylene group, 1,6-pyrenylene group, 2,7-pyrenylene group, 6,12 -Chrysenylene group, 4,4'-biphenylene group, 3,3'-biphenylene group, 2,2'-biphenylene group, 2,7-fluorenylene group and the like.
- Examples of the arylene group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms include a 2,5-thiophenylene group, a 2,5-silolylene group, and a 2,5-oxadiazolylene group.
- L is a linking group composed of two or more arylene groups or heteroarylene groups
- adjacent arylene groups or heteroarylene groups may be bonded to each other via a divalent group to form a new ring.
- the divalent group forming the ring include tetramethylene group, pentamethylene group, hexamethylene group, diphenylmethane-2,2′-diyl group, diphenylethane-3,3′-diyl group, diphenylpropane-4, Examples include 4′-diyl group.
- Examples of the substituent for Ar 1 to Ar 4 and L include a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nuclear atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted carbon.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms include phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms include 1-pyrrolyl group, 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4- Pyridinyl group, 1-indolyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 2-isoindolyl group, 3- Isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5- Benzofuranyl group,
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n- Pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, hydroxymethyl group, 1-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyisobutyl group, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group, 1, 3-dihydroxyisopropyl group, 2,3-dihydroxy-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl group, chloromethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroisobutyl group, 1, 2-dichloroethyl group, 1,3-dichloroisopropyl
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, 4-methylcyclohexyl group, 1-adamantyl group, 2-adamantyl group, 1- Examples include a norbornyl group and a 2-norbornyl group.
- the substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is a group represented by —OY.
- Y include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and n-heptyl.
- N-octyl group hydroxymethyl group, 1-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyisobutyl group, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group, 1,3-dihydroxyisopropyl group, 2,3-dihydroxy- t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl group, chloromethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroisobutyl group, 1,2-dichloroethyl group, 1,3-dichloroisopropyl Group, 2,3-dichloro-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trichloropropyl group, bromomethyl group, 1-bromoethyl group, 2-butyl group Moethyl group, 2-bromoisobutyl group, 1,2-dibromoethyl group, 1,3-dibromoisopropyl group, 2,3-dibromo-t-
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 7 to 50 carbon atoms include benzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 1-phenylisopropyl group, 2-phenylisopropyl group, phenyl-t-butyl.
- ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group 1- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, 1- ⁇ - Naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 1-pyrrolylmethyl group, 2- (1-pyrrolyl) ethyl group, p-methylbenzyl group, m -Methylbenzyl group, o-methylbenzyl group, p-chlorobenzyl group, m-chlorobenzyl group, o-chlorobenzyl group, p-bromobenze Group, m-
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms is represented as —OY ′, and examples of Y ′ include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, 2- Anthryl, 9-anthryl, 1-phenanthryl, 2-phenanthryl, 3-phenanthryl, 4-phenanthryl, 9-phenanthryl, 1-naphthacenyl, 2-naphthacenyl, 9-naphthacenyl, 1-phenanthryl Pyrenyl group, 2-pyrenyl group, 4-pyrenyl group, 2-biphenylyl group, 3-biphenylyl group, 4-biphenylyl group, p-terphenyl-4-yl group, p-terphenyl-3-yl group P-terphenyl-2-yl group, m-terphenyl
- the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms is represented by —OZ ′, and examples of Z ′ include 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3 -Pyridinyl group, 4-pyridinyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 3-isoindolyl group, 4 -Isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6 -Benzofur
- a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms is represented by —SY ′′, and examples of Y ′′ include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, and a 2-anthryl group.
- the substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylthio group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms is represented by —SZ ′′, and examples of Z ′′ include 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3 -Pyridinyl group, 4-pyridinyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 3-isoindolyl group, 4 -Isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6 -Benzo
- a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms is represented as —COOZ, and examples of Z include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, and isobutyl.
- the amino group substituted with the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms or the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nuclear atoms is represented by -NPQ, and examples of P and Q As phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl group, 3-phenanthryl group, 4-phenanthryl group 9-phenanthryl group, 1-naphthacenyl group, 2-naphthacenyl group, 9-naphthacenyl group, 1-pyrenyl group, 2-pyrenyl group, 4-pyrenyl group, 2-biphenylyl group, 3-biphenylyl group, 4- Biphenylyl group, p-terphenyl-4-yl group, p-terphenyl-3-y
- aromatic amine (II) is also preferably used for forming the hole injection layer or the hole transport layer.
- the present invention is not limited to the above description, and modifications within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. For example, the following changes are also preferable modifications of the present invention.
- the light emitting layer contains a charge injection auxiliary material.
- a hole injection / transport charge injection auxiliary agent for example, a general hole injection / transport material or the like can be used.
- Specific examples include triazole derivatives (see US Pat. No. 3,112,197), oxadiazole derivatives (see US Pat. No. 3,189,447, etc.), imidazole derivatives (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-16096).
- Polyarylalkane derivatives US Pat. Nos. 3,615,402, 3,820,989, 3,542,544, JP-B-45-555).
- Examples of the hole injecting material include the above materials, but porphyrin compounds (disclosed in JP-A-63-295695), aromatic tertiary amine compounds, and styrylamine compounds (US patents) No. 4,127,412, JP-A-53-27033, 54-58445, 54-149634, 54-64299, 55-79450, 55- 144250, JP-A-56-119132, JP-A-61-295558, JP-A-61-98353, and JP-A-63-295695), particularly aromatic tertiary amine compounds are preferred.
- inorganic compounds such as p-type Si and p-type SiC can be used as the hole injection material.
- each layer of the organic electroluminescence element of the present invention is not particularly limited. Conventionally known methods such as vacuum deposition and spin coating can be used.
- the organic thin film layer used in the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention can be prepared by vacuum deposition, molecular beam deposition (MBE), or solution dipping in a solvent, spin coating, casting, bar coating, roll coating. It can be formed by a known method such as a coating method.
- the film thickness of each organic layer of the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention is not particularly limited. Generally, if the film thickness is too thin, defects such as pinholes are likely to occur. Conversely, if it is too thick, a high applied voltage is required and the efficiency is poor. Therefore, the range of several nm to 1 ⁇ m is usually preferable.
- the phosphorescence measurement sample is put in a quartz cell, cooled to 77K, irradiated with excitation light, and the emitted phosphorescence is measured with respect to wavelength.
- a tangent line is drawn with respect to the rise of the obtained phosphorescence spectrum on the short wavelength side, and a value obtained by converting the wavelength value into energy is defined as a triplet energy gap Eg (T).
- a commercially available measuring device F-4500 manufactured by Hitachi
- bromide I-3 5.0 g (15 mmol
- boronic acid I-4 5.3 g (15 mmol)
- tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 350 mg (0.30 mmol)
- toluene 100 ml dimethoxyethane 30 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (22 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- boronic acid I-8 5.2 g (18 mmol), dibrominated compound I-9 5.1 g (18 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 420 mg (0.36 mmol), toluene 120 ml, Dimethoxyethane (40 ml) and 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (26 ml) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene.
- boronic acid I-10 5.0 g (15 mmol), dibrominated compound I-9 4.2 g (15 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 350 mg (0.30 mmol), toluene 100 ml, Dimethoxyethane (35 ml) and 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (22 ml) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene.
- boronic acid I-11 5.0 g (20 mmol), dibromide I-12 7.7 g (20 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 470 mg (0.40 mmol), toluene 150 ml, dimethoxy 50 ml of ethane and 30 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution were added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 15 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- boronic acid I-15 5.2 g (13 mmol), bromide I-16 3.7 g (13 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 305 mg (0.26 mmol), toluene 100 ml, dimethoxyethane 30 ml of 2M sodium carbonate aqueous solution 19 ml was added and stirred at 90 ° C. for 11 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- boronic acid I-4 5.6 g (16 mmol), bromide I-16 4.5 g (16 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 375 mg (0.32 mmol), toluene 100 ml, dimethoxyethane 40 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (23 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- boronic acid I-17 (5.6 g, 15 mmol), bromide I-20 (5.8 g, 15 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 350 mg (0.30 mmol)
- toluene 100 ml dimethoxyethane 40 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (22 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- bromide I-21 6.9 g (18 mmol), boronic acid I-2 6.2 g (18 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 420 mg (0.36 mmol), toluene 120 ml, dimethoxyethane 40 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (26 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- bromide I-3 5.0 g (15 mmol), boronic acid I-22 6.0 g (15 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 350 mg (0.30 mmol), toluene 100 ml, dimethoxyethane 30 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (22 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 14 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- bromide I-3 5.0 g (15 mmol)
- boronic acid I-23 6.7 g (15 mmol)
- tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 350 mg (0.30 mmol)
- toluene 100 ml dimethoxyethane 30 ml of 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (22 ml) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 90 ° C. for 14 hours.
- the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, and extracted with toluene. After separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Example 1 (Production of organic EL element) A 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm thick glass substrate with an ITO transparent electrode (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes and then UV ozone cleaning for 30 minutes. A glass substrate with a transparent electrode line after cleaning is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and first, HT1 having a film thickness of 50 nm is formed on the surface where the transparent electrode line is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode. Filmed. The HT1 film functions as a hole injecting and transporting layer.
- the above compound (1-1) having a film thickness of 40 nm and Ir (piq) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant are made to be 10% by mass on this film.
- a co-evaporated film was formed by resistance heating.
- the film functions as a light emitting layer (phosphorescent layer).
- ET1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm.
- the film functions as an electron transport layer.
- a film thickness of 0.5 nm was formed at a film formation rate of 0.1 nm / min using LiF as an electron injecting electrode (cathode).
- Metal Al was vapor-deposited on the LiF layer, and a metal cathode was formed to a thickness of 150 nm to form an organic electroluminescence element.
- Examples 2 to 23 Comparative Examples 1 to 7 An organic electroluminescence device was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound shown in Table 1 below was used instead of the compound (1-1) in Example 1.
- Example 24 An organic electroluminescence device was formed in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the following Complex A was used in place of Ir (piq) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant.
- Example 25 An organic electroluminescence device was formed in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the following Complex B was used in place of Ir (piq) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant.
- Comparative Example 8 An organic electroluminescence device was formed in the same manner as in Example 24 except that CBP was used instead of the compound (1-2).
- Comparative Example 9 An organic electroluminescence device was formed in the same manner as in Example 25 except that BAlq was used in place of the compound (1-2).
- a wavelength (light emitting end) which is an intersection with the horizontal axis was obtained by drawing a tangent line to the rising edge. This wavelength was converted into an energy value, and the excited triplet energy (Eg (T)) of the organic EL element material was measured. All samples were purified products such as sublimation purification. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of these evaluations.
- the organic electroluminescent elements of Examples 1 to 25 configured using the organic EL element material of the present invention with respect to luminous efficiency have a high external quantum efficiency and a significantly long lifetime. It was shown that.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 9 show that the voltage is high, the luminous efficiency is low, and the lifetime is short. In particular, Comparative Example 1 has low luminous efficiency and short life.
- Comparative Example 2 has a short life.
- the luminous efficiency is high, or the lifetime is short compared to the examples.
- the comparative example is inferior in the uniformity of the light emitting surface at 70 ° C.
- the characteristics of the combination of the present invention are that the triplet energy gap of the host material and the triplet energy gap of the dopant are appropriate, so that the light emission efficiency is improved. Is not substituted, the light-emitting material has high resistance to holes and electrons, thereby extending the lifetime of conventionally known combinations. Further, since the thin film has good thermal stability, a stable element can be obtained even when driven at 70 ° C.
- the present invention can be used as a phosphorescent organic electroluminescence device with high efficiency and long life.
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Abstract
Description
このような有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子は、自発光型素子としての利点を活かし、発光効率、画質、消費電力さらには薄型のデザイン性に優れた発光素子として期待されている。
この点、内部量子効率を高めるため、3重項励起子からの発光が得られる発光材料(燐光発光材料)の開発が進められ、最近では燐光発光を示す有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子が報告されている。
このような燐光発光材料を用いて発光層(燐光発光層)を構成することにより75%以上、理論上100%近い値の内部量子効率を実現でき、高効率、低消費電力の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子が得られる。
ドーピング法で形成した発光層では、ホスト材料に注入された電荷から効率よく励起子を生成することができる。そして、生成された励起子の励起子エネルギーをドーパントに移動させ、ドーパントから高効率の発光を得ることができる。
ここで、ホスト材料から燐光発光性の燐光ドーパントに分子間エネルギー移動を行うためには、ホスト材料の励起3重項エネルギーEgHが、燐光ドーパントの励起3重項エネルギーEgDよりも大きいことが必要である。
このCBPをホスト材料とすれば、所定の発光波長(例えば、緑、赤)を示す燐光ドーパントへのエネルギー移動が可能であり、高効率の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を得ることができる。
しかしながら、CBPをホスト材料として使用すると、燐光発光により発光効率は格段に向上する一方、寿命は非常に短く、実用に適さないという問題があった。
これは、CBPの分子構造上の酸化安定性が高くないため、正孔による分子の劣化が激しいためと考えられる。
また、特許文献2には、カルバゾール等の含窒素環を含有する縮合環誘導体を、赤色燐光を示す燐光発光層のホスト材料として用いた技術が開示されている。この技術により、発光効率および寿命について改善されているが、実用化には十分でない場合もあった。
しかし、蛍光ホストでは、励起1重項エネルギーEg(S)は蛍光ドーパントよりも大きいが、励起3重項エネルギーEg(T)は必ずしも大きくないため、単純には燐光発光層のホスト材料(燐光ホスト)として転用できない。
しかし、アントラセン誘導体は、励起3重項エネルギーEg(T)が1.9eV程度と比較的小さい。このため、520nmから720nmの可視光領域の発光波長を有する燐光ドーパントに対するエネルギー移動が確保できない。また、励起された3重項エネルギーを発光層内に閉じ込めることができない。
したがって、アントラセン誘導体は燐光ホストとして不適切である。
また、ペリレン誘導体、ピレン誘導体およびナフタセン誘導体等も同様の理由で燐光ホストとして好ましくない。
ただし、特許文献3の芳香族炭化水素化合物は、中心のベンゼン骨格に対し、左右対称に分子を伸張した分子構造になっているため、発光層が結晶化しやすいという問題点がある。
一方、特許文献4~9には、種々の芳香族炭化水素化合物を用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子が開示されている。しかしながら、燐光ホストとしての有効性についてはなんら言及されていない。
上記のように、効率よく燐光発光材料にエネルギー移動を行うことができ、かつ、寿命が実用的に長いホスト材料は知られておらず、燐光発光材料を用いた素子の実用化が妨げられていた。
そこで、本発明の目的は、高効率かつ長寿命な燐光発光性の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を提供することにある。
1.下記(1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
R2は、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、ジベンゾフラン環、または-Ar3-R3で表わされる基を表し;
Ar1~Ar3は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1~R3及びAr1~Ar3で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
また、Ar1及びAr2が共に4環以上で構成される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である場合、Ar1及びAr2は互いに異なる環であり;
Ar1及びAr2が共にベンゼン環である場合、R1及びR2は同時に水素原子又はナフタレン環ではなく;
R1及びR2が共に水素原子である場合、Ar1及びAr2は同時にナフタレン環ではなく、ナフタレン環及びベンゼン環の組合せでもない。
但し、下記式(x-1)~(x-16)のいずれかで表わされる構造のものを除く。)
3.前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環又は前記縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表す上記1又は2記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
4.前記Ar1及びAr2が、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表す上記3記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
5.前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表す上記3記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
6.前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、前記Ar2がベンゼン環又はナフタレン環を表す上記5記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
7.前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、フェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、Ar1とAr2が互いに異なる環を表す上記5記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
Ar4~Ar6は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4、R5及びAr4~Ar6で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2つの2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
Ar5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、いずれもベンゼン環ではない。)
9.式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である上記8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
10.式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環である上記8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
11.前記R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環が有してもよい置換基が、炭素数6~14のアントラセン環を除くアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基又は炭素数3~20のシリル基である上記8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
12.R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環である上記8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
13.R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar5の環形成炭素数が10以上であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環である上記8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
14.Ar5がジベンゾフラン環である上記8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
R2は、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、ジベンゾフラン環、または-Ar3-R3で表わされる基を表し;
Ar1~Ar3は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1~R3及びAr1~Ar3で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
また、Ar1及びAr2が共に4環以上で構成される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である場合、Ar1及びAr2は互いに異なる環であり;
Ar1及びAr2が共にベンゼン環である場合、R1及びR2は同時に水素原子又はナフタレン環ではなく;
R1及びR2が共に水素原子である場合、Ar1及びAr2は同時にナフタレン環ではなく、ナフタレン環及びベンゼン環の組合せでもない。
但し、下記式(x-1)~(x-16)のいずれかで表わされる構造のものを除く。)
17.前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環又は前記縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表わす上記15記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
18.前記Ar1及びAr2が、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表わす上記17記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
19.前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表す上記17記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
20.前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、前記Ar2がベンゼン環又はナフタレン環を表す上記19記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
21.前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、フェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、Ar1とAr2が互いに異なる環を表す上記19記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
Ar4~Ar6は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4、R5及びAr4~Ar6で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2つの2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
Ar5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、いずれもベンゼン環ではない。)
23.式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である上記22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
24.式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環である上記22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
25.前記R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環が有してもよい置換基が、炭素数6~14のアントラセン環を除くアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基又は炭素数3~20のシリル基である上記22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
26.R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環である上記22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
27.R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar5の環形成炭素数が10以上であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環である上記22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
28.Ar5がジベンゾフラン環である上記22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
30.前記有機薄膜層が少なくとも1つの発光層を有し、該発光層の少なくとも1つが前記式(1)又は(2)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料と、燐光発光材料少なくとも1種とを含む上記15又は22に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
31.前記燐光発光材料が、金属錯体を含有し、該金属錯体が、Ir,Pt,Os,Au,Cu,ReおよびRuから選択される金属原子と、配位子とを有する上記30記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
32.前記配位子が、オルトメタル結合を有する上記31記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
33.前記発光層に含まれる燐光発光材料のうち少なくとも1種の、発光波長の極大値が520nm以上720nm以下である上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
34.前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層又は電子注入層を有し、該電子輸送層又は前記電子注入層が、上記1~10のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含む上記15又は22に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
35.前記有機薄膜層は、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層または電子注入層を有し、前記電子輸送層または前記電子注入層は、含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する芳香族環または含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する縮合芳香族環化合物を含む上記15又は22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、及び
36.前記陰極と前記有機薄膜層との界面領域に還元性ドーパントが添加されている上記15又は22に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
を提供する。
2 基板
3 陽極
4 陰極
5 燐光発光層
6 正孔注入・輸送層
7 電子注入・輸送層
10 有機薄膜層
本発明は、下記式(1)で表わされる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料(以下、有機EL素子用材料(1)と記載することがある)及び下記式(2)で表わされる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料(以下、有機EL素子用材料(2)と記載することがある)を提供する。
R2は、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、ジベンゾフラン環、または-Ar3-R3で表わされる基を表し;
Ar1~Ar3は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1~R3及びAr1~Ar3で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
また、Ar1及びAr2が共に4環以上で構成される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である場合、Ar1及びAr2は互いに異なる環であり;
Ar1及びAr2が共にベンゼン環である場合、R1及びR2は同時に水素原子又はナフタレン環ではなく;
R1及びR2が共に水素原子である場合、Ar1及びAr2は同時にナフタレン環ではなく、ナフタレン環及びベンゼン環の組合せでもない。
但し、下記式(x-1)~(x-16)のいずれかで表わされる構造のものを除く。)
ここで、4環以上で構成される縮合芳香族炭化水素環とは、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環が挙げられる。
Ar4~Ar6は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4、R5及びAr4~Ar6で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2つの2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
Ar5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、いずれもベンゼン環ではない。)
また、蛍光ホストとしてよく知られたアントラセン誘導体では赤色発光の燐光ドーパントにもホストとして不適であるが、本発明の有機EL素子用材料では3重項エネルギーギャップが大きいことから、有効に赤色の発光を示す燐光ドーパントを発光させることができる。
ただし、従来よく知られた燐光ホストであるCBPでは緑よりもさらに短波長の燐光ドーパントに対してもホストとして機能するが、本発明の有機EL素子用材料では、緑色の発光を示す燐光ドーパントまでしか発光させることができない。
また、本発明では、有機EL素子用材料の骨格を窒素原子を含まない多環式縮合環で構成することにより、分子の安定性を高くし素子寿命を長くすることができる。
このとき、骨格部の核原子数が少なすぎると分子の安定性が十分に高くならない。一方、本発明の化合物を構成する多環式縮合環の縮合する環の数が多くなりすぎると共役が伸びすぎてHOMO-LUMOギャップが狭くなって3重項エネルギーギャップが有用な発光波長に満たなくなる。この点、前記有機EL素子用材料(1)及び有機EL素子用材料(2)は、適度な核原子数を有するので、有用な発光波長を示し安定性も高い燐光発光層の燐光ホストとして好適に利用することができる。
しかしCBPでは確かに3重項エネルギーギャップEg(T)は広いが、寿命が短いという問題があった。
このように、本発明によれば、高効率かつ長寿命の燐光発光層を構成することができる。
すなわち、各材料をEPA溶媒(容積比でジエチルエーテル:イソペンタン:エタノール=5:5:2)に10μモル/リットルで溶解し、燐光測定用試料とする。
そして、燐光測定用試料を石英セルに入れ、77Kに冷却し、励起光を照射し、放射される燐光の波長を測定する。
得られた燐光スペクトルの短波長側の立ちあがりに対して接線を引き、この接線とベースラインとの交点の波長値をエネルギーに換算した値を3重項エネルギーギャップEg(T)とする。
なお、測定には、例えば、市販の測定装置F-4500(日立製作所製)を用いることができる。
ただし、このような規定によらず、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で3重項エネルギーギャップとして定義できる値であればよい。
前記式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であることが好ましく、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環であることがより好ましい。 また、前記式(2)においては、R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される基であることが好ましく、Ar5の環形成炭素数が10以上であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環であることがより好ましい。
また、Ar5がジベンゾフラン環であることが好ましい。
本発明の非対称構造を有する材料においては、前記Ar1~Ar3、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換のフェナントレン環、置換もしくは無置換のフルオランテン環、置換もしくは無置換のベンゾフェナントレン環、置換もしくは無置換のベンゾクリセン環のような耐熱性に優れる基である場合特に好ましい。
これらの置換基は窒素原子を有さないので、より一層、有機EL素子用材料の安定性を高くし、素子寿命を長くすることができる。
ここで、前記式(1)におけるR1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環、並びに、前記式(2)におけるR4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2つの2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環がそれぞれ有する置換基は、2以下であることが好ましく、1以下であることがより好ましい。
ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
このように、環構造を選択することによって、安定性に優れた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用薄膜が形成でき、特に赤色燐光材料と共に用いた場合、高効率、長寿命な素子を構築できる。
励起3重項エネルギーが2.0eV以上であれば、520nm以上720nm以下で発光する燐光発光材料へのエネルギー移動が可能である。2.8eV以下であれば、赤色燐光ドーパントに対してエネルギーギャップの差が大きすぎて発光が効率的に行われないという問題を回避できる。
なお、本発明の有機EL素子用材料の励起3重項エネルギーは、2.0eV以上2.7eV以下であることがより好ましく、2.1eV以上2.7eV以下であることがさらに好ましい。
本発明はまた、陰極と陽極との間に、1層または複数層からなる有機薄膜層を備え、該有機薄膜層が、上記有機EL素子用材料(1)又は有機EL素子用材料(2)と、燐光発光材料少なくとも1種とを含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子をも提供する。
以下、本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の素子構成について説明する。
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の代表的な素子構成としては、
(1)陽極/発光層/陰極
(2)陽極/正孔注入層/発光層/陰極
(3)陽極/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(4)陽極/正孔注入層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(5)陽極/有機半導体層/発光層/陰極
(6)陽極/有機半導体層/電子障壁層/発光層/陰極
(7)陽極/有機半導体層/発光層/付着改善層/陰極
(8)陽極/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(9)陽極/絶縁層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(10)陽極/無機半導体層/絶縁層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(11)陽極/有機半導体層/絶縁層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(12)陽極/絶縁層/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(13)陽極/絶縁層/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
などの構造を挙げることができる。
上記の中で(8)の素子構成が好ましく用いられるが、もちろんこれらに限定されるものではない。
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子1は、透明な基板2と、陽極3と、陰極4と、陽極3と陰極4との間に配置された有機薄膜層10とを有する。
有機薄膜層10は、燐光ホストおよび燐光ドーパントを含む燐光発光層5を有するが、燐光発光層5と陽極3との間に正孔注入・輸送層6等、燐光発光層5と陰極4との間に電子注入・輸送層7等を備えていてもよい。
また、燐光発光層5の陽極3側に電子障壁層を、燐光発光層5の陰極4側に正孔障壁層を、それぞれ設けてもよい。
これにより、電子や正孔を燐光発光層5に閉じ込めて、燐光発光層5における励起子の生成確率を高めることができる。
言い換えると、本明細書において、蛍光ホストとは、蛍光ドーパントを含有する蛍光発光層を構成する材料を意味し、蛍光材料のホストにしか利用できないものを意味しているわけではない。
同様に燐光ホストとは、燐光ドーパントを含有する燐光発光層を構成する材料を意味し、燐光発光材料のホストにしか利用できないものを意味しているわけではない。
本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子は、透光性の基板上に作製する。ここでいう透光性基板は有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を支持する基板であり、400~700nmの可視領域の光の透過率が50%以上で平滑な基板が好ましい。
具体的には、ガラス板、ポリマー板等が挙げられる。
ガラス板としては、特にソーダ石灰ガラス、バリウム・ストロンチウム含有ガラス、鉛ガラス、アルミノケイ酸ガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、バリウムホウケイ酸ガラス、石英等が挙げられる。
またポリマー板としては、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート系樹脂、ポリエーテルサルファイド系樹脂、ポリサルフォン系樹脂等をを原料として用いてなるものを挙げることができる。
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の陽極は、正孔を、正孔注入層、正孔輸送層又は発光層に注入する役割を担うものであり、4.5eV以上の仕事関数を有することが効果的である。
陽極材料の具体例としては、酸化インジウム錫合金(ITO)、酸化錫(NESA)、酸化インジウム亜鉛酸化物、金、銀、白金、銅等が挙げられる。
陽極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着法やスパッタリング法等の方法で薄膜を形成させることにより作製することができる。
本実施形態のように、発光層からの発光を陽極から取り出す場合、陽極の可視領域の光の透過率を10%より大きくすることが好ましい。また、陽極のシート抵抗は、数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。陽極の膜厚は、材料にもよるが、通常10nm~1μm、好ましくは10~200nmの範囲で選択される。
陰極材料は特に限定されないが、具体的にはインジウム、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、マグネシウム-インジウム合金、マグネシウム-アルミニウム合金、アルミニウム-リチウム合金、アルミニウム-スカンジウム-リチウム合金、マグネシウム-銀合金等が使用できる。
陰極も、陽極と同様に、蒸着法やスパッタリング法等の方法で薄膜を形成させることにより作製することができる。また、陰極側から、発光を取り出す態様を採用することもできる。
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の発光層は以下の機能を併せ持つものである。
すなわち、
(1)注入機能;電界印加時に陽極又は正孔注入層より正孔を注入することができ、陰極又は電子注入層より電子を注入することができる機能、
(2)輸送機能;注入した電荷(電子と正孔)を電界の力で移動させる機能、
(3)発光機能;電子と正孔の再結合の場を提供し、これを発光につなげる機能、
がある。
発光層は、分子堆積膜であることが好ましい。
ここで分子堆積膜とは、気相状態の材料化合物から沈着され形成された薄膜や、溶液状態又は液相状態の材料化合物から固体化され形成された膜のことであり、通常この分子堆積膜は、LB法により形成された薄膜(分子累積膜)とは凝集構造、高次構造の相違や、それに起因する機能的な相違により区分することができる。
さらに、発光層の膜厚は、好ましくは5~50nm、より好ましくは7~50nm、最も好ましくは10~50nmである。5nm未満では発光層形成が困難となり、色度の調整が困難となる恐れがあり、50nmを超えると駆動電圧が上昇する恐れがある。
本発明において用いられる燐光発光材料は、燐光発光を示すものであり、金属錯体を含有するものが好ましい。該金属錯体としては、Ir,Pt,Os,Au,Cu,ReおよびRuから選択される金属原子と配位子とを有するものが好ましい。特に、前記配位子は、オルトメタル結合を有することが好ましい。
燐光量子収率が高く、発光素子の外部量子効率をより向上させることができるという点で、イリジウム(Ir),オスミウム(Os)および白金(Pt)から選ばれる金属を含有する化合物であると好ましく、イリジウム錯体、オスミウム錯体、白金錯体等の金属錯体であるとさらに好ましく、中でもイリジウム錯体及び白金錯体がより好ましく、オルトメタル化イリジウム錯体が最も好ましい。
金属錯体の具体例を、以下に示すが、この中で緑~赤に発光する金属錯体が特に好ましい。
このような発光波長の燐光発光材料(燐光ドーパント)を、本発明で用いる特定のホスト材料にドープして発光層を構成することにより、高効率な有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子とできる。
このような構成によれば、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子における発光輝度の向上や長寿命化が図られる。
還元性ドーパントとしては、アルカリ金属、アルカリ金属錯体、アルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ土類金属錯体、アルカリ土類金属化合物、希土類金属、希土類金属錯体、及び希土類金属化合物等から選ばれた少なくとも一種類が挙げられる。
アルカリ土類金属としては、Ca(仕事関数:2.9eV)、Sr(仕事関数:2.0~2.5eV)、Ba(仕事関数:2.52eV)等が挙げられ、仕事関数が2.9eV以下のものが特に好ましい。
希土類金属としては、Sc、Y、Ce、Tb、Yb等が挙げられ、仕事関数が2.9eV以下のものが特に好ましい。
以上の金属のうち好ましい金属は、特に還元能力が高く、電子注入域への比較的少量の添加により、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子における発光輝度の向上や長寿命化が可能である。
アルカリ土類金属化合物としては、BaO、SrO、CaO及びこれらを混合したBaxSr1-xO(0<x<1)、BaxCa1-xO(0<x<1)等が挙げられ、BaO、SrO、CaOが好ましい。
希土類金属化合物としては、YbF3、ScF3、ScO3、Y2O3、Ce2O3、GdF3、TbF3等が挙げられ、YbF3、ScF3、TbF3が好ましい。
還元性ドーパントを層状に形成する場合は、界面の有機層である発光材料や電子注入材料を層状に形成した後に、還元ドーパントを単独で抵抗加熱蒸着法により蒸着し、好ましくは層の厚み0.1~15nmで形成する。
還元性ドーパントを島状に形成する場合は、界面の有機層である発光材料や電子注入材料を島状に形成した後に、還元ドーパントを単独で抵抗加熱蒸着法により蒸着し、好ましくは島の厚み0.05~1nmで形成する。
また、本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子における、主成分と還元性ドーパントの割合としては、モル比で主成分:還元性ドーパント=5:1~1:5であると好ましく、2:1~1:2であるとさらに好ましい。
なお、「主成分として」とは、電子注入層が50質量%以上の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含有していることを意味する。
電子注入層又は電子輸送層は、発光層への電子の注入を助ける層であって、電子移動度が大きい。電子注入層はエネルギーレベルの急な変化を緩和する等、エネルギーレベルを調整するために設ける。
電子輸送層又は電子注入層に用いる電子輸送性材料としては、分子内にヘテロ原子を1個以上含有する芳香族ヘテロ環化合物が好ましく用いられ、特に含窒素環誘導体が好ましい。また、含窒素環誘導体としては、含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する芳香族環、または含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する縮合芳香族環化合物が好ましい。
ハロゲン原子としては、例えば、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素等が挙げられる。また、置換されていてもよいアミノ基の例としては、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、アラルキルアミノ基が挙げられる。
炭素数1~40の炭化水素基としては、置換もしくは無置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基等が挙げられる。
アルコキシ基は-OYと表される基である。Yの具体例としては、前記アルキル基で説明したものと同様のものが挙げられ、好ましい例も同様である。
縮合アリール基としては、例えば、1-ナフチル基、2-ナフチル基が挙げられる。
アリールアミノ基は-NAr1Ar2と表され、Ar1およびAr2の具体例としては、それぞれ独立に前記非縮合アリール基および縮合アリールで説明した基と同様である。Ar1およびAr2の一方は水素原子であってもよい。
上記式(A)のLは、下記式(A’)又は(A”)で表される基である。
また、R8~R12及びR13~R27の互いに隣接する基が環状構造を形成した場合の2価の基としては、テトラメチレン基、ペンタメチレン基、ヘキサメチレン基、ジフェニルメタン-2,2’-ジイル基、ジフェニルエタン-3,3’-ジイル基、ジフェニルプロパン-4,4’-ジイル基等が挙げられる。
また、アリーレン基としては、フェニレン基、ナフチレン基、ビフェニレン基、アントラニレン基、ペリレニレン基、ピレニレン基などが挙げられる。そして、これらへの置換基としては炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数1~10のアルコキシ基またはシアノ基等が挙げられる。この電子伝達化合物は、薄膜形成性の良好なものが好ましく用いられる。そして、これら電子伝達性化合物の具体例としては、下記のものを挙げることができる。
また、上記式で表されるAr1において、R1~R8は、いずれも水素原子である含窒素複素環誘導体。
Ar3は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~60のアリール基、置換基を有していてもよいピリジル基、置換基を有していてもよいキノリル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、又は-Ar1-Ar2で表される基(Ar1及びAr2は、それぞれ前記と同じ)である。
炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基としては、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましく、具体的には、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ブトキシ基、ペンチルオキシ基、ヘキシルオキシ基等が挙げられ、炭素数が3以上のものは直鎖状、環状又は分岐を有するものでもよい。
ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素等が挙げられる。
炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、炭素数6~40のアリール基としては、前記と同様のものが挙げられる。
炭素数3~40のヘテロアリール基としては、例えば、ピローリル基、フリル基、チエニル基、シローリル基、ピリジル基、キノリル基、イソキノリル基、ベンゾフリル基、イミダゾリル基、ピリミジル基、カルバゾリル基、セレノフェニル基、オキサジアゾリル基、トリアゾーリル基等が挙げられる。
nは0~4の整数であり、0~2であると好ましい。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
炭素数6~60のアリーレン基としては、炭素数6~40のアリーレン基が好ましく、炭素数6~20のアリーレン基がさらに好ましく、具体的には、前記Rについて説明したアリール基から水素原子1個を除去して形成される2価の基が挙げられる。Lの示す各基の置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
また、Ar1は、下記式(101)~(110)で表される縮合環基から選択されるいずれかの基であると好ましい。
前記式(110)において、L’は、単結合、又は下記からなる群から選択される基である。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
また、Ar3は、下記式(126)~(135)で表される縮合環基から選択されるいずれかの基であると好ましい。
前記式(135)において、L’は、前記と同じである。
前記式(126)~(135)において、R’は、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~40のアリール基又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~40のヘテロアリール基である。これら各基の具体例としては、前記と同様のものが挙げられる。
Ar3の示す(128)が、下記式(136)~(158)で表される縮合環基であると好ましい。
また、Ar2及びAr3は、それぞれ独立に、下記からなる群から選択される基であると好ましい。
なお、下記表において、HArは、前記式(201)~(203)における、下記構造を示す。
このような絶縁体としては、アルカリ金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ土類金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物及びアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの金属化合物を使用するのが好ましい。電子注入層がこれらのアルカリ金属カルコゲニド等で構成されていれば、電子注入性をさらに向上させることができる点で好ましい。具体的に、好ましいアルカリ金属カルコゲニドとしては、例えば、Li2O、K2O、Na2S、Na2Se及びNa2Oが挙げられ、好ましいアルカリ土類金属カルコゲニドとしては、例えば、CaO、BaO、SrO、BeO、BaS及びCaSeが挙げられる。また、好ましいアルカリ金属のハロゲン化物としては、例えば、LiF、NaF、KF、LiCl、KCl及びNaCl等が挙げられる。また、好ましいアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物としては、例えば、CaF2、BaF2、SrF2、MgF2及びBeF2等のフッ化物や、フッ化物以外のハロゲン化物が挙げられる。
また、半導体としては、Ba、Ca、Sr、Yb、Al、Ga、In、Li、Na、Cd、Mg、Si、Ta、Sb及びZnの少なくとも一つの元素を含む酸化物、窒化物又は酸化窒化物等の一種単独又は二種以上の組み合わせが挙げられる。また、電子注入層を構成する無機化合物が、微結晶又は非晶質の絶縁性薄膜であることが好ましい。電子注入層がこれらの絶縁性薄膜で構成されていれば、より均質な薄膜が形成されるために、ダークスポット等の画素欠陥を減少させることができる。なお、このような無機化合物としては、アルカリ金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ土類金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物及びアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物等が挙げられる。
このような絶縁体又は半導体を使用する場合、その層の好ましい厚みは、0.1nm~15nm程度である。また、本発明における電子注入層は、前述の還元性ドーパントを含有していても好ましい。
例えば次のような変更も本発明の好適な変形例である。
本発明では、前記発光層が電荷注入補助材を含有していることも好ましい。
エネルギーギャップが広いホスト材料を用いて発光層を形成した場合、ホスト材料のイオン化ポテンシャル(Ip)と正孔注入・輸送層等のIpとの差が大きくなり、発光層への正孔の注入が困難となり、十分な輝度を得るための駆動電圧が上昇するおそれがある。
電荷注入補助剤としては、例えば、一般的な正孔注入・輸送材料等が利用できる。
具体例としては、トリアゾール誘導体(米国特許3,112,197号明細書等参照)、オキサジアゾール誘導体(米国特許3,189,447号明細書等参照)、イミダゾール誘導体(特公昭37-16096号公報等参照)、ポリアリールアルカン誘導体(米国特許3,615,402号明細書、同第3,820,989号明細書、同第3,542,544号明細書、特公昭45-555号公報、同51-10983号公報、特開昭51-93224号公報、同55-17105号公報、同56-4148号公報、同55-108667号公報、同55-156953号公報、同 56-36656号公報等参照)、ピラゾリン誘導体及びピラゾロン誘導体(米国特許第3,180,729号明細書、同第4,278,746号明細書、特開昭55-88064号公報、同55-88065号公報、同49-105537号公報、同55-51086号公報、同56-80051号公報、同56-88141号公報、同57-45545号公報、同54-112637号公報、同55-74546号公報等参照)、フェニレンジアミン誘導体(米国特許第3,615,404号明細書、特公昭51-10105号公報、同46-3712号公報、同47-25336号公報、特開昭54-53435号公報、同54-110536号公報、同54-119925号公報等参照)、アリールアミン誘導体(米国特許第3,567,450号明細書、同第3,180,703号明細書、同第3,240,597号明細書、同第3,658,520号明細書、同第4,232,103号明細書、同第4,175,961号明細書、同第4,012,376号明細書、特公昭49-35702号公報、同39-27577号公報、特開昭55-144250号公報、同56-119132号公報、同56-22437号公報、西独特許第1,110,518号明細書等参照)、アミノ置換カルコン誘導体(米国特許第3,526,501号明細書等参照)、オキサゾール誘導体(米国特許第3,257,203号明細書等に開示のもの)、スチリルアントラセン誘導体(特開昭56-46234号公報等参照)、フルオレノン誘導体(特開昭54-110837号公報等参照)、ヒドラゾン誘導体(米国特許第3,717,462号明細書、特開昭54-59143号公報、同55-52063号公報、同55-52064号公報、同55-46760号公報、同55-85495号公報、同57-11350号公報、同57-148749号公報、特開平2-311591号公報等参照)、スチルベン誘導体(特開昭61-210363号公報、同第61-228451号公報、同61-14642号公報、同61-72255号公報、同62-47646号公報、同62-36674号公報、同62-10652号公報、同62-30255号公報、同60-93455号公報、同60-94462号公報、同60-174749号公報、同60-175052号公報等参照)、シラザン誘導体(米国特許第4,950,950号明細書)、ポリシラン系(特開平2-204996号公報)、アニリン系共重合体(特開平2-282263号公報)、特開平1-211399号公報に開示されている導電性高分子オリゴマー(特にチオフェンオリゴマー)等を挙げることができる。
また、特許公報第3614405号、3571977号または米国特許4,780,536に記載されているヘキサアザトリフェニレン誘導体等も正孔注入性の材料として好適に用いることができる。
本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の各有機層の膜厚は特に制限されないが、一般に膜厚が薄すぎるとピンホール等の欠陥が生じやすく、逆に厚すぎると高い印加電圧が必要となり効率が悪くなるため、通常は数nmから1μmの範囲が好ましい。
なお、下の表には、各材料の物性値を記載したところ、これら物性値は次のように測定した。
三重項エネルギーギャップEgは、燐光発光スペクトルに基づいて規定した。
すなわち、各材料をEPA溶媒(容積比でジエチルエーテル:イソペンタン:エタノール=5:5:2)に10μmol/Lで溶解し、燐光測定用試料とする。
そして、燐光測定用試料を石英セルに入れ、77Kに冷却し、励起光を照射し、放射される燐光を波長に対して測定する。
得られた燐光スペクトルの短波長側の立ちあがりに対して接線を引き、該波長値をエネルギーに換算した値を三重項エネルギーギャップEg(T)とする。
なお、測定には市販の測定装置F-4500(日立製)を用いた。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量506に対し、m/e=506であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量556に対し、m/e=556であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量504に対し、m/e=504であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量554に対し、m/e=554であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量612に対し、m/e=612であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量712に対し、m/e=712であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量632に対し、m/e=632であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量672に対し、m/e=672であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量556に対し、m/e=556であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量530に対し、m/e=530であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量580に対し、m/e=580であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量506に対し、m/e=506であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量630に対し、m/e=630であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量606に対し、m/e=606であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量606に対し、m/e=606であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量656に対し、m/e=656であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量656に対し、m/e=656であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量680に対し、m/e=680であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量732に対し、m/e=732であった。
FDマス分析の結果、分子量732に対し、m/e=732であった。
(有機EL素子の作製)
25mm×75mm×0.7mm厚のITO透明電極付きガラス基板(旭硝子製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行なった。洗浄後の透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に、前記透明電極を覆うようにして膜厚50nmのHT1を成膜した。該HT1膜は正孔注入輸送層として機能する。さらに、該正孔注入輸送層の成膜に続けて、この膜上に膜厚40nmの上記化合物(1-1)、および燐光発光性のドーパントとしてIr(piq)3を10質量%になるよう抵抗加熱により共蒸着膜成膜した。該膜は、発光層(燐光発光層)として機能する。該発光層成膜に続けて、膜厚40nmでET1を成膜した。該膜は電子輸送層として機能する。この後、LiFを電子注入性電極(陰極)として成膜速度0.1nm/minで膜厚0.5nm形成した。このLiF層上に金属Alを蒸着させ、金属陰極を膜厚150nm形成し有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を形成した。
実施例1の化合物(1-1)に代えて、下記の表1に示す化合物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を形成した。
化合物(1-2)に代えてCBPを用いた以外は、実施例24と同様にして有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を形成した。
化合物(1-2)に代えてBAlqを用いた以外は、実施例25と同様にして有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を形成した。
上記の実施例1~25、比較例1~9で作製した有機EL素子を、直流電流駆動により発光させ、電流密度10mA/cm2における電圧、発光効率および輝度半減寿命(初期輝度3000cd/m2)を測定した。また、70℃駆動時における画素均一性を目視で確認し、均一な場合はA、不均一な部分が見られる場合はBとした。さらに、試料の燐光スペクトルを測定し(10μmol/リットル EPA(ジエチルエーテル:イソペンタン:イソプロピルアルコール=5:5:2容積比)溶液、77K、石英セル、SPEX社FLUOROLOGII)、燐光スペクトルの短波長側の立ち上がりに対して接線を引き横軸との交点である波長(発光端)を求めた。この波長をエネルギー値に換算して、有機EL素子用材料の励起3重項エネルギー(Eg(T))を測定した。なお、試料は全て昇華精製等の精製物を用いた。これらの評価の結果を表1及び表2に示す。
これに対し、比較例1~9は、電圧が高めで、発光効率が低く、寿命が短いことがわかる。特に、比較例1は、発光効率が低く、寿命も短い。比較例2は寿命も短い。比較例3~6は、発光効率は高めだか、寿命は実施例に比べて短い。また比較例は70℃の発光面の均一性に劣る。
Claims (36)
- 下記式(1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
(式中、
R2は、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、ジベンゾフラン環、または-Ar3-R3で表わされる基を表し;
Ar1~Ar3は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1~R3及びAr1~Ar3で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
また、Ar1及びAr2が共に4環以上で構成される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である場合、Ar1及びAr2は互いに異なる環であり;
Ar1及びAr2が共にベンゼン環である場合、R1及びR2は同時に水素原子又はナフタレン環ではなく;
R1及びR2が共に水素原子である場合、Ar1及びAr2は同時にナフタレン環ではなく、ナフタレン環及びベンゼン環の組合せでもない。
但し、下記式(x-1)~(x-16)のいずれかで表わされる構造のものを除く。)
- 前記R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環が有してもよい置換基が、炭素数6~14のアントラセン環を除くアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基又は炭素数3~20のシリル基である請求項1記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環又は前記縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表す請求項1記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記Ar1及びAr2が、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表す請求項3記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される請求項3記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、前記Ar2がベンゼン環又はナフタレン環を表す請求項5記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、フェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、Ar1とAr2が互いに異なる環を表す請求項5記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 下記式(2)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
(式中、
Ar4~Ar6は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4、R5及びAr4~Ar6で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2つの2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
Ar5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、いずれもベンゼン環ではない。) - 式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
- 前記R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環が有してもよい置換基が、炭素数6~14のアントラセン環を除くアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基又は炭素数3~20のシリル基である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される基である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar5の環形成炭素数が10以上であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- Ar5がジベンゾフラン環である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 陰極と陽極との間に、1層または複数層からなる有機薄膜層を備え、該有機薄膜層が、下記式(1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料と、燐光発光材料少なくとも1種とを含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
(式中、
R2は、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、ジベンゾフラン環、または-Ar3-R3で表わされる基を表し;
Ar1~Ar3は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R1~R3及びAr1~Ar3で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
また、Ar1及びAr2が共に4環以上で構成される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である場合、Ar1及びAr2は互いに異なる環であり;
Ar1及びAr2が共にベンゼン環である場合、R1及びR2は同時に水素原子又はナフタレン環ではなく;
R1及びR2が共に水素原子である場合、Ar1及びAr2は同時にナフタレン環ではなく、ナフタレン環及びベンゼン環の組合せでもない。
但し、下記式(x-1)~(x-16)のいずれかで表わされる構造のものを除く。)
- 前記R1~R3、Ar1~Ar3及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環が有してもよい置換基が、炭素数6~14のアントラセン環を除くアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基又は炭素数3~20のシリル基である請求項15記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環又は前記縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表わす請求項15記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記Ar1及びAr2が、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環を表わす請求項17記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表す請求項17記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記Ar1がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、前記Ar2がベンゼン環又はナフタレン環を表す請求項19記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記Ar1及びAr2が、それぞれ独立に、フェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環を表し、Ar1とAr2が互いに異なる環を表す請求項19記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 陰極と陽極との間に、1層または複数層からなる有機薄膜層を備え、該有機薄膜層が、下記式(2)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料と、燐光発光材料少なくとも1種とを含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
(式中、
Ar4~Ar6は、それぞれ独立に、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ベンゼン環、縮合芳香族炭化水素環、またはジベンゾフラン環を表し;
R4、R5及びAr4~Ar6で表わされる上記縮合芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環であり;
R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2つの2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環は、それぞれ独立に、1つ以上の置換基を有しても良い。
Ar5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、いずれもベンゼン環ではない。) - 式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、それぞれ独立に、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環である請求項22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 式(2)においてAr5がベンゼン環を表す場合、Ar4及びAr6は、互いに異なる縮合芳香族炭化水素環である請求項22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記R4、R5、Ar4~Ar6及び2,7-ジ置換ナフタレン環が有してもよい置換基が、炭素数6~14のアントラセン環を除くアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基又は炭素数3~20のシリル基である請求項22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される基である請求項22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- R4及びR5が水素原子であり、Ar5の環形成炭素数が10以上であり、Ar4又はAr6がフェナントレン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環及びベンゾクリセン環から選択される環である請求項22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- Ar5がジベンゾフラン環である請求項22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記式(1)又は(2)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料の励起3重項エネルギーが、2.0eV以上2.8eV以下である請求項15又は22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機薄膜層が少なくとも1つの発光層を有し、該発光層の少なくとも1つが前記式(1)又は(2)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料と、燐光発光材料少なくとも1種とを含む請求項15又は22に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記燐光発光材料が、金属錯体を含有し、該金属錯体が、Ir,Pt,Os,Au,
Cu,ReおよびRuから選択される金属原子と、配位子とを有する請求項30記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。 - 前記配位子が、オルトメタル結合を有する請求項30記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層に含まれる燐光発光材料のうち少なくとも1種の、発光波長の極大値が520nm以上720nm以下である請求項32記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層又は電子注入層を有し、該電子輸送層又は前記電子注入層が、前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含む請求項15又は22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機薄膜層は、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層または電子注入層を有し、前記電子輸送層または前記電子注入層は、含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する芳香族環または含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する縮合芳香族環化合物を含む請求項15又は22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陰極と前記有機薄膜層との界面領域に還元性ドーパントが添加されている請求項15又は22記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
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| JP2012515730A (ja) * | 2009-01-23 | 2012-07-12 | メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー | エレクトロルミネセンスデバイスのための材料 |
| WO2012108877A1 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-16 | University Display Corporation | Organic light emitting device and materials for use in same |
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| US8154195B2 (en) * | 2007-07-07 | 2012-04-10 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Organic electroluminescence device and material for organic electroluminescence device |
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| KR101551207B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-04 | 2015-09-08 | 롬엔드하스전자재료코리아유한회사 | 신규한 유기 발광 화합물 및 이를 발광재료로서 채용하고 있는 유기 발광 소자 |
| CN102203975B (zh) * | 2008-10-23 | 2014-04-30 | 通用显示公司 | 有机发光器件和用于其中的材料 |
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- 2009-12-25 CN CN200980153856XA patent/CN102272969A/zh active Pending
- 2009-12-25 WO PCT/JP2009/071675 patent/WO2010076878A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-25 KR KR1020117015434A patent/KR20110117073A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-25 EP EP09836215A patent/EP2378585A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-25 US US13/143,097 patent/US9126887B2/en active Active
- 2009-12-25 JP JP2010544867A patent/JP5351901B2/ja active Active
- 2009-12-31 TW TW098146566A patent/TW201033330A/zh unknown
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| JP2012515730A (ja) * | 2009-01-23 | 2012-07-12 | メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー | エレクトロルミネセンスデバイスのための材料 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110303907A1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
| JP5351901B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
| KR20110117073A (ko) | 2011-10-26 |
| JPWO2010076878A1 (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
| US9126887B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 |
| TW201033330A (en) | 2010-09-16 |
| EP2378585A1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
| CN102272969A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
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