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WO2010063153A1 - 河流发电系统和方法 - Google Patents

河流发电系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010063153A1
WO2010063153A1 PCT/CN2008/073560 CN2008073560W WO2010063153A1 WO 2010063153 A1 WO2010063153 A1 WO 2010063153A1 CN 2008073560 W CN2008073560 W CN 2008073560W WO 2010063153 A1 WO2010063153 A1 WO 2010063153A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floating body
wheel
water flow
baffle
power generation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2008/073560
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑星昱
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2010063153A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010063153A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hydroelectric power generation technology, and more particularly to a river power generation system and a method of power generation by the system. Background technique
  • the equipment for river power generation in the prior art is a turbomachine, and its structure mainly consists of an impeller, a drive shaft, a bearing housing, a power output wheel and a generator.
  • the impeller is rotated by the flow of water, and the drive shaft connected to the impeller drives the generator to convert the kinetic energy of the water into electrical energy.
  • the present invention provides a river power generation system comprising:
  • a floating body floating on the water stream a baffle plate is disposed on the floating body, and the baffle is inserted into the water flow during power generation, and the baffle drives the floating body to run downstream under the driving of the water flow;
  • a flexible chain one end of the flexible chain is fixedly connected to the floating body, and the other end of the flexible chain is wound on the wheel, and when the floating body is driven by the water flow, dragging Winding the flexible chain to drive the wheel to rotate;
  • a generator is coupled to the rotating shaft of the wheel through a transmission, and the generator is caused to generate electricity when the wheel rotates.
  • the present invention also provides a river power generation method, comprising:
  • the baffle When the baffle provided on the floating body is inserted into the water flow, the baffle drives the floating body to run downstream under the driving of the water flow, wherein the floating body is connected to one end of a flexible chain, and the flexible chain is further One end is wound on a wheel disc fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow;
  • the rotating wheel drives a generator to generate electricity.
  • the present invention also provides another river power generation method, including: when the baffle provided on the first floating body is inserted into the water flow, the baffle drives the first floating body under the impulsion of the water flow Running downstream, wherein the first floating body is connected to one end of the first flexible chain, and the other end of the first flexible chain is wound on a first wheel fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow; When the floating body is driven by the water flow, the first flexible chain that is dragged and wound drives the first wheel to rotate;
  • the rotating first wheel is engaged with a generator through a first clutch, and drives the generator to generate electricity through a transmission;
  • a second wheel is disconnected from the generator through the second clutch, and is rotated by the first power unit to wind the second flexible chain connected to the second wheel; Winding the second flexible chain to drive the connected second floating body to run countercurrently;
  • the first floating body and the second floating body alternately travel downstream and countercurrent, and the driving range is The flow direction of the water does not overlap.
  • the present invention overcomes the prior art impeller machine by pushing the baffle with water flow, driving the horizontal movement of the buoyant body, and then converting the horizontal movement of the floating body into a rotation of the roulette to generate electricity.
  • the blade's water inlet angle is constantly changing, and the technical problem of water flow energy cannot be fully utilized.
  • the width of the floating body of the present invention can be set to be wide, preferably to be close to the width of the water channel.
  • the invention can fully utilize the kinetic energy resources of the water flow, increase the power generation amount, and realize the method is simple and easy to be popularized and applied in various river waters.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the baffle removed from the water flow in the second embodiment of the river power generation system of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a river power generation system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a river power generation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a seventh embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment 8 of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a specific embodiment of a river power generation method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • the system can be installed in any river water region with water flow energy, and uses a directional water flow in a river to generate electricity.
  • the system may specifically include a wheel 3, a floating body 1, a baffle 2, a flexible chain 4, and a generator 5.
  • the wheel 3 is fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow, and may be fixed to the river bottom or fixed to the dam or the shore;
  • the generator 5 is connected to the rotating shaft of the wheel 3 through the transmission 8, and can be driven when the wheel 3 rotates.
  • the generator 5 rotates to generate electricity.
  • the wheel 3 can be suspended from the surface of the river, and the transmission of the rotation can be formed by means of a beam, a pulley or a gear.
  • the floating body 1 floats on the water flow, and the conventional hull can be used as the floating body 1 .
  • Such a ship can be called a power generating ship.
  • the baffle 2 is disposed on the floating body 1.
  • the baffle 2 When generating electricity, the baffle 2 is inserted into the water flow, and the direction of the baffle 2 is at an angle with the direction in which the water flows, preferably in the direction of the baffle 2
  • the flow direction of the water flow is approximately 90 degrees, so as to obtain the kinetic energy of the water flow to the greatest extent, and the baffle 2 can drive the floating body 1 to run downstream under the driving of the water flow.
  • One end of the flexible chain 4 is fixedly connected to the floating body 1, and the other end of the flexible chain 4 is wound and connected to the wheel 3.
  • the flexible chain When the floating body 1 is driven by the water flow, the flexible chain is dragged and wound. 4 drives the wheel 3 to rotate together.
  • the power generation process of the river power generation system of the present embodiment is specifically as follows: First, the baffle is inserted into the water flow, and under the push of the water flow, the baffle drives the floating body to run along with the flow; the floating body drags the flexible chain to be loosened from the wheel, Then the wheel rotates in the direction in which the flexible chain is loosened, thereby driving the connected generator to rotate Power generation.
  • the river power generation system of the present embodiment drives the wheel and the generator to generate electricity by the downstream power generation ship. Since the baffle is always immersed in the water flow and the angle is substantially unchanged, the kinetic energy of the water flow can be fully utilized for power generation, and the power generation is remarkably improved. Power generation.
  • the floating body always floats above the water flow, reducing the resistance and preventing corrosion damage.
  • the system has a simple device configuration and is easy to form a large-scale hydroelectric power station in a wide water area. Especially suitable for setting in the Yellow River waters, the Yellow River water flow is not suitable for boating, so you can use the open waters to construct the hydropower station consisting of the river power generation system of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • the first embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and further includes a first power unit 6, which may be an electric motor or the like, and
  • the wheel 3 is connected for rotating the drive wheel 3 when the power generation is stopped, and the rotation of the wheel 3 winds up the flexible chain 4, thereby driving the floating body 1 to run counterclockwise in the direction of the wheel 3, and the flexible chain 4 is re-wound on the wheel 3.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment enables the floating body not only to run downstream to generate electricity, but also to drive back to the starting point by driving under the driving of the power unit, so as to resume the next power generation.
  • the position adjacent to one end of the baffle 1 can be pivotally connected to the floating body 1, and the pivoting shaft 7 is horizontally disposed, and the third power unit 9 can be connected to the pivoting shaft 7.
  • the third power unit 9 drives the pivot shaft 7 to rotate, thereby driving the baffle 2 to rotate until the baffle 2 is lifted up and removed from the water flow, as shown in FIG.
  • the plate 2 is rotated to be above the water surface.
  • the baffle pivotally connected to the floating body can conveniently change the position, insert the baffle into the water during the downstream running power generation, and remove the baffle from the water to reduce the resistance when the reverse running stops the power generation.
  • the gear can also be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the water entering the baffle. The amount of thrust that the board is subjected to, thereby controlling the speed of the floating body to adapt to different practical needs.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the second embodiment.
  • One end of the baffle 2 is pivotally connected to the floating body 1 , and the difference is: the pivot axis 7 is vertical.
  • the connected third power unit 9 can drive the pivot shaft 7 to rotate, so as to drive the baffle 2 to rotate in the downstream direction of the water flow, that is, rotate to the baffle 2 and The flow direction of the water flow is approximately parallel, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment can also reduce the resistance of the floating body when returning by rotating the baffle, and the force required for rotating the baffle is smaller.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • the embodiment is based on the first embodiment, wherein the baffle 2 is fixedly disposed on the floating body 1 and the floating body 1 is In the case of the hull, the direction of the baffle 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the hull.
  • the baffle 2 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow, and the maximum water flow thrust can be obtained.
  • the third power unit 9 disposed on the floating body 1 can be used to drive the floating body 1 to rotate itself, thereby driving the baffle 2 to rotate until the baffle 2 rotates. It is the downstream direction of the water flow, that is, it is substantially parallel to the flow direction of the water flow.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment can rotate the baffle by rotating the power generating ship itself, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the resistance of the power generating ship when returning.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the river power generation system of the present invention.
  • the cooperation relationship between the baffle, the floating body and the wheel can be varied.
  • the number of the baffles is not limited to one, and a plurality of baffles may be disposed on one floating body. Parallel or alongside the direction of flow of the water, or at an angle, may be determined on a case-by-case basis.
  • the cooperation of the wheel and the floating body can also vary.
  • the number of the reels 3 may be one, on which two flexible chains, that is, the first flexible chain 41 and the second flexible chain 42 may be independently wound side by side, and any of them
  • the flexible chain is in a wound state, and the other flexible chain is in a bar state; one end of the first flexible chain 41 and the second flexible chain 42 is connected to a floating body, that is, the first floating body 11 and the second floating body 12.
  • the first flexible chain 41 is in a wound state
  • the first floating body 11 to which it is connected is driven by the flow of water, and the wound first flexible chain 41 is loosened and drives the wheel 3 to rotate.
  • the generator 5 is driven to generate electricity; the second flexible chain 42 connected to the second floating body 12 is in a loose state, and the second flexible chain 42 that is loosened by the rotating wheel 3 is wound around the wheel 3, and is driven.
  • the second floating body 12 travels countercurrently.
  • the first floating body 11 and the second floating body 12 alternately travel downstream and countercurrent.
  • the two floating bodies alternately flow downstream and countercurrent, and the floating body traveling downstream generates power, and drives another floating body to run countercurrently, and the specific working process is first floating.
  • the body flow is taken as an example for explanation:
  • the first floating body inserts its baffle into the water flow, and the direction of the baffle and the direction of the flow of the water form a first resistance angle, preferably the direction of the baffle and the flow direction of the water flow.
  • the baffle can drive the first floating body to flow downstream under the driving of the water flow; the first floating body running downstream drives the first flexible chain to loosen, and drives The roulette rotates, and the rotating roulette can drive the generator to generate electricity on the one hand, and at the same time, drive the second flexible chain to wind up, and pull the second floating body connected by the second flexible chain to the counter-rotating flow.
  • the baffle thereon is rotated to move away from the water flow, or is rotated to form a second resistance angle with the flow direction of the water flow, and the second resistance angle is smaller than the first resistance angle
  • the direction of flow of the water flow is parallel to the direction of flow of the water
  • the thrust of the water flow to the upper baffle of the first floating body is significantly greater than the thrust of the upper baffle of the second floating body.
  • two floating bodies are connected to one wheel, one is running downstream, and the other is returned countercurrently.
  • the two floating bodies are mutually powered devices, and the rotating wheels are alternately rotated.
  • a reversing device can be arranged between the generator and the wheel to adjust the direction of rotation of the wheel and drive the generator to run continuously in the same direction.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment can reduce the setting of the power device, thereby simplifying the cost of the device.
  • multiple sets of river power generation systems can be set up, for example, a plurality of floating bodies are arranged side by side laterally on the river surface to form a hydropower station of a certain scale.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a sixth embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • This embodiment is similar to the solution of the fifth embodiment, and the number of the wheels 3 is one, through the clutch device 10 and the transmission 8.
  • the two flexible chains that is, the first flexible chain 41 and the second flexible chain 42
  • the pulley 3 can be independently wound by the pulley 3, and one of the flexible chains is wound and the other flexible chain is ⁇ H state; one end of each flexible chain is connected with a floating body, that is, a first floating body 11 and a second floating body 12; one of the floating bodies is driven by the water flow, and the connected flexible chain is loosened
  • the difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the flexible chains of the two floating bodies are connected to the wheel 3 through the pulley system, and the traveling ranges of the two floating bodies do not overlap in the flow direction of the water flow.
  • the first flexible chain 41 of the first floating body 11 is connected to the wheel 3 disposed on the shore by the first pulley 101, and the second flexible chain 42 of the second floating body 12 passes through the second pulley 1.
  • the third pulley 103 and the fourth pulley 108 are connected to the wheel 3 disposed on the shore.
  • the travel lines of the first floating body 11 and the second floating body 12 are serial and do not overlap each other.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the sixth embodiment of the river power generation system of the present invention is shown.
  • the first floating body and the second floating body are also staggered in the direction of water flow to avoid mutual influence, and the first flexible chain and the second flexible chain are connected to the wheel by appropriately setting the pulley.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment can make two floating bodies alternately drive the generator to generate electricity continuously, and the driving ranges do not overlap to avoid entanglement and interference between the flexible chains of the floating body.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a seventh embodiment of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • the number of the disks is two, that is, the first wheel 31 and the second wheel 32 are respectively wound up.
  • Wrap a flexible chain that is, a first flexible chain 41 and a second flexible chain 42, and one of the flexible chains is in a wound state, and the other flexible chain is in a loose state;
  • the number of the generators 5 is one, and the first wheel 31 and the second round
  • the first transmission 81 and the second transmission 82 respectively connected to the rotating shafts of the disk 32 are respectively connected to the generator 5 through the first clutch device 104 and the second clutch device 105, and the first clutch device 104 and the second clutch device 105 are specifically Can be a clutch or ratchet.
  • the other end of the rotating shaft of the first wheel 31 is connected to the fourth power unit 106, and the other end of the rotating shaft of the second wheel 32 is connected to the fifth power unit 107; one end of each flexible chain is connected with a floating body, that is, The first floating body 11 and the second floating body 12, the flexible chains of the two floating bodies are respectively connected to the respective wheels by the pulley system; one of the floating bodies is driven by the water flow and drives the connected wheel to rotate Thereby, the generator 5 is driven to generate electricity, and the wheel connected to the other floating body is driven by the power device to drive the connected floating body to run countercurrently.
  • the traveling range of the two floating bodies does not overlap in the flow direction of the water flow.
  • a combination of two sets of roulette, a flexible chain and a floating body is further used, the two reels drive a generator to generate electricity, and the clutch controls the engagement and disconnection of the roulette and the generator, the roulette, the clutch
  • the device, the generator and the power unit can be fixedly placed somewhere on the shore, and then the floating body can be connected by a pulley system and a flexible chain.
  • the two floating bodies alternately flow downstream and return to the opposite direction, and the power device drives the floating body to return countercurrently.
  • the speed of the floating body returning back is greater than the speed of the other floating body downstream, so that the return can be guaranteed.
  • the floating body is left with a time interval such as a stowage baffle to ensure that the generator can continuously generate electricity.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment 8 of a river power generation system according to the present invention.
  • the embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and two or more floating bodies 1 may be further disposed in series along the water flow direction.
  • Each of the floating bodies 1 is connected to the flexible chain 4, or the divided flexible chains 4 can be connected end to end.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment enables a plurality of floating bodies to simultaneously generate power downstream, and can be driven back to the starting point by driving under the driving of a power unit. Simultaneous running of multiple floating bodies can increase power generation capacity.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of a river power generation method according to the present invention. Including the following steps:
  • Step 100 When the baffle provided on the floating body is inserted into the water flow, the baffle has an angle with the direction of the water flow, preferably at an angle of 90 degrees, and the baffle is driven by the water flow to drive the floating body to Flowing, wherein the floating body is connected to one end of a flexible chain, and the other end of the flexible chain is wound on a wheel disc fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow;
  • Step 200 When the floating body is driven by the water flow, the flexible chain that is dragged and wound drives the wheel to rotate;
  • Step 300 The rotating wheel drives a generator to generate electricity.
  • the river power generation method of the present embodiment can be specifically implemented by using the river power generation system embodiment of the present invention, and the water flow pushes the baffle to drive the floating body to travel, and the horizontal movement of the floating body is converted into the rotation of the wheel by the flexible chain, thereby driving Generator power generation.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment does not directly convert the water flow energy in the horizontal motion form into the rotation of the impeller, but directly converts it into the horizontal motion of the floating body, and then converts it into the rotation of the wheel.
  • This kinetic energy conversion can overcome the problem that the turbine blades change direction in the water flow and cannot fully utilize the water flow energy, reduce the loss during kinetic energy conversion, and maximize the use of water flow resources to increase power generation.
  • the following steps may be further performed after the step 300 to drive the floating body to return to the reverse flow:
  • Step 400 Start the power device to drive the floating body to run countercurrently
  • Step 500 During the reverse flow of the floating body, the wheel rotates to wind up the flexible chain.
  • step 400 may be to start a power device fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow, for example, the first power device provided in the embodiment of the river power generation system, and the drive wheel rotates to wind the flexible chain of the coil on the wheel Above, to drive the floating body to run countercurrently.
  • a power device fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow for example, the first power device provided in the embodiment of the river power generation system
  • the drive wheel rotates to wind the flexible chain of the coil on the wheel Above, to drive the floating body to run countercurrently.
  • the baffle may be removed from the water flow before starting the first power device, for example, when one end of the baffle is pivotally connected to the floating body, as in the above-mentioned river power generation system embodiment
  • the horizontal pivot axis between the end of the baffle and the buoyant body can be driven to rotate until the pivoting baffle is rotated to warn above the water surface or float above the water surface to be removed from the water flow. Small resistance.
  • the vertical pivoting axis between the end of the baffle and the floating body may be driven before the first power device is activated. Until the baffle is rotated to the downstream direction of the water flow to reduce the resistance.
  • the floating body may be driven to rotate to drive the baffle fixed on the floating body to rotate until the baffle rotates to the downstream direction of the water flow, that is, the direction in which the water flows. Roughly parallel to reduce drag.
  • the speed of the water flow can be detected during the running of the floating body, and the electrical parameters of the generator can be controlled, thereby controlling the floating body to travel at a set speed under the driving of the water flow.
  • Effective control of the rotational speed can control the rotational speed of the generator, which is beneficial to obtain high-quality electric energy with stable frequency. It can also control the torque applied to the disc by the floating body according to specific needs, that is, control the electric energy generated by the generator. power.
  • the river power generation method of the present invention can be specifically carried out by any of the embodiments of the river power generation system of the present invention, but is not limited thereto. It is possible to convert the power of the flow of water into the horizontal movement of the floating body, and then convert the horizontal movement of the floating body into the rotation of the fixed set wheel, whereby the system for generating electricity can be used to carry out the river power generation method of the present invention.
  • two sets of connected roulettes, flexible chains and floating bodies that is, a first roulette, a first flexible chain and a first floating body, and a second roulette may be further provided. a second flexible chain and a second floating body.
  • Two discs are coupled to a generator via a transmission and a first clutch and a second clutch, respectively.
  • the river power generation method of this embodiment is specifically:
  • the baffle When the baffle provided on the first floating body is inserted into the water flow, the baffle drives the first floating body to run downstream under the driving of the water flow, wherein the first floating body is connected to one end of the first flexible chain, the first flexible chain The other end is wound on a first wheel disc fixedly disposed with respect to the water flow;
  • the rotating first wheel is engaged with the generator through the first clutch, and the generator is used to generate electricity through the transmission;
  • the first floating body drives the first wheel to rotate, and the generator generates electricity
  • the second wheel is disconnected from the generator through the second clutch, and is driven by the connected first power device to be connected.
  • the second flexible chain on the second wheel is wound up;
  • the wound second flexible chain drives the connected second floating body to run countercurrently
  • the first floating body and the second floating body alternately travel downstream and countercurrently, and the traveling range does not overlap in the flow direction of the water flow.
  • the transmission connected to the wheel drives the generator to generate electricity through a clutch; and the wheel connected to the other floating body is in the first Rotating under the driving of a power device drives the floating body to run countercurrently, and the wheel connected to the floating body of the countercurrent running is disconnected from the generator through another clutch; the two floating bodies alternately flow downstream and countercurrent, each of which The connected clutch is connected to the generator when the connected floating body is traveling downstream, and is disconnected from the generator when the connected floating body runs countercurrently.
  • the power device drives a floating body to travel countercurrently faster than the other floating body, thereby ensuring that the returning floating body has a time interval for retracting the baffle, etc., to ensure that the generator can continuously generate electricity.
  • the above technical solution can be specifically, but not limited to, implemented by the apparatus of the seventh embodiment of the river power generation system of the present invention.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

河流发电系统和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及水力发电技术， 尤其涉及一种河流发电系统， 以及该系统所 执行的河 υ发电方法。 背景技术
随着石油、 煤炭等传统石化能源的枯竭， 世界 "能源危机" 的状况愈来 愈恶化。 可再生能源的开发利用受到了格外的关注。 水利资源作为天然的可 再生能源的重要组成部分， 已成为未来可再生能源发展的主力之一。 目前， 水力发电系统以其清洁、 储量大、 取之不尽、 用之不竭等优点， 被人们广泛 运用于河川、 湖泊等水利资源丰富的地区。
现有技术中常用河流发电的设备为叶轮机， 其结构主要由叶轮、 传动轴、 轴承座、 动力输出轮和发电机组成。 工作时， 利用水流推动叶轮转动， 与叶 轮连接的传动轴带动发电机工作， 从而将水流的动能转变为电能。
但是， 该河流发电的方法存在的缺陷是： 叶轮在转动过程中， 各个叶片 入水后的角度在不断改变， 使其对水流动能的利用不充分； 并且， 叶轮机的 体积和规模有限， 难以充分利用河流中的水流动能。 另外， 现有的河流发电 设备多需要筑坝来实现， 成本巨大， 实现非常困难。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种河流发电系统和方法， 以提高对水流动能的利 用率， 增加发电量。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供了一种河流发电系统， 包括：
轮盘， 相对于水流固定设置；
漂浮体， 漂浮在所述水流上； 挡板， 设置在所述漂浮体上， 在发电时所述挡板插入所述水流中， 所述 挡板在水流的推动下带动所述漂浮体顺流行驶；
柔性链， 所述柔性链的一端固定连接在所述漂浮体上， 所述柔性链的另 一端卷绕在所述轮盘上， 当所述漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕 的所述柔性链带动所述轮盘转动；
发电机， 通过变速器与所述轮盘的转动轴相连， 当所述轮盘转动时， 带 动所述发电机发电。
为实现上述目的， 本发明还提供了一种河流发电方法， 包括：
当漂浮体上设置的挡板插入水流时， 所述挡板在水流的推动下， 带动所 述漂浮体顺流行驶， 其中， 所述漂浮体连接一柔性链的一端， 所述柔性链的 另一端卷绕在相对于所述水流固定设置的一轮盘上；
当所述漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕的所述柔性链带动所 述轮盘转动；
转动的所述轮盘带动一发电机发电。
为实现上述目的， 本发明还提供了另一种河流发电方法， 包括： 当第一漂浮体上设置的挡板插入水流时， 所述挡板在水流的推动下， 带 动所述第一漂浮体顺流行驶， 其中， 所述第一漂浮体连接第一柔性链的一端， 所述第一柔性链的另一端卷绕在相对于所述水流固定设置的第一轮盘上； 当所述第一漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕的所述第一柔性 链带动所述第一轮盘转动；
转动的所述第一轮盘通过第一离合器与一发电机接合， 且通过一变速器 带动所述发电机发电；
同时， 一第二轮盘通过第二离合器与所述发电机断开连接， 且在第一动 力装置的驱动下转动， 将连接在所述第二轮盘上的第二柔性链卷绕起来； 卷绕的所述第二柔性链带动所连接的第二漂浮体逆流行驶；
所述第一漂浮体和第二漂浮体交替顺流行驶和逆流行驶， 且行驶范围在 水流流动方向上不重叠。
由以上技术方案可知， 本发明釆用水流推动挡板， 带动漂浮体水平运动， 再将漂浮体的水平运动通过柔性链转换为轮盘转动以发电的技术手段， 克服 了现有技术中叶轮机的叶片入水角度不断变化， 不能充分利用水流动能的技 术问题。 本发明的漂浮体的宽度可以设置得很宽， 较佳的是接近于水流河道 的宽度。 本发明可以充分利用水流的动能资源， 提高发电量， 并且实现方法 简便， 易于在各种江河水域中推广应用。 附图说明
图 1为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例一的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例二的结构示意图；
图 3为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例二中挡板从水流中移出的结构示 意图；
图 4为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例三的结构示意图；
图 5为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例四的结构示意图；
图 6为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例五的结构示意图；
图 7为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例六的一种实施方式的结构示意图； 图 8为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例六的另一种实施方式的结构示意 图；
图 9为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例七的结构示意图；
图 1 0为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例八的结构示意图；
图 1 1为本发明一种河流发电方法具体实施例的流程图。
图中：
1 -漂浮体 2 -挡板 3 -轮盘
4 -柔性链 5 -发电机 6 -第一动力装置
7 -枢接轴 8 -变速器 9 -第三动力装置 1 0 -离合装置 11 -第一漂浮体 12 -第二漂浮体
31 -第一轮盘 32-第二轮盘 41 -第一柔性链
42-第二柔性链 81 -第一变速器 82 -第二变速器
1 01-第一滑轮 1 02-第二滑轮 103-第三滑轮
1 04-第一离合装置 105-第二离合装置 106-第四动力装置 1 07-第五动力装置 108-第四滑轮 具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例， 对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。 河流发电系统实施例一
如图 1 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例一的结构示意图， 该系统 可以设置在任意具有水流动能的江河水域中， 利用河流中的定向水流进行发 电。 该系统具体可以包括轮盘 3、 漂浮体 1、 挡板 2、 柔性链 4和发电机 5。 其中， 轮盘 3相对于水流固定设置， 可以固定在河底， 也可以固定在堤坝或 岸边； 发电机 5通过变速器 8与轮盘 3的转动轴相连， 当轮盘 3转动时即可 带动发电机 5转动发电。 较佳的是使轮盘 3能够悬设在河面上， 具体可以通 过梁架、 滑轮或齿轮等形式形成转动的传递。 漂浮体 1 漂浮在水流上， 具体 可以釆用常用的船体作为漂浮体 1 , 这样的船可以称为发电船。挡板 2设置在 漂浮体 1上， 在发电时， 将挡板 2插入水流中， 并且使挡板 2的方向与水流 流动的方向具有一夹角， 较佳的是使挡板 2的方向与水流流动方向大致呈 90 度， 以便最大程度的获取水流的动能， 挡板 2 在水流的推动下可以带动漂浮 体 1顺流行驶。 柔性链 4的一端固定连接在该漂浮体 1上， 柔性链 4的另一 端卷绕连接在轮盘 3上， 当漂浮体 1在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕的 该柔性链 4带动轮盘 3一起转动。
本实施例的河流发电系统的发电过程具体为： 首先将挡板插入水流中， 在水流的推动下， 挡板带动漂浮体一起顺流行驶； 漂浮体拖拽柔性链从轮盘 上松开， 则轮盘沿着柔性链松开的方向转动， 从而可带动连接着的发电机转 动发电。
本实施例的河流发电系统以顺流而行的发电船带动轮盘和发电机转动发 电， 因挡板始终浸没在水流中且角度基本不变， 能够充分利用水流的动能进 行发电， 显著提高了发电量。 漂浮体始终漂浮在水流之上， 能够减小阻力， 并且不易腐蚀损坏。 并且， 该系统的设备构成简单， 易于在宽阔的水域内形 成大规模的水力发电站。 特别是适于设置在黄河水域中， 黄河水流不适宜行 船， 所以可以利用空旷的水域构建由本实施例的河流发电系统组成的水力发 电站， 可以并排设置多组轮盘和发电船， 或者也可以设置宽度与河床宽度相 当的挡板或漂浮体， 或者还可以将轮盘和发电船串连设置， 发电船的行驶范 围在水流的流动方向上不重叠， 从而最大限度的利用水流资源。
河流发电系统实施例二
如图 2 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例二的结构示意图， 本实施 例以上述实施例一为基础， 进一步设置有第一动力装置 6 , 第一动力装置 6可 以为电动机等， 与轮盘 3相连， 用于在停止发电时， 驱动轮盘 3转动， 轮盘 3 的转动会将柔性链 4卷绕起来， 从而带动漂浮体 1向轮盘 3的方向逆流行驶， 并将柔性链 4重新卷绕在轮盘 3上。
本实施例的技术方案使漂浮体不仅能顺流行驶去发电， 而且可以在动力 装置的驱动下逆流行驶返回到出发点， 以便重新开始下次发电。
在停止发电、 漂浮体 1逆流返航的过程中， 较佳的是将挡板 2从水流中 移出以减小阻力。 具体的， 邻近该挡板 1一端的位置可以与漂浮体 1枢接， 且枢接轴 7水平设置， 枢接轴 7上可以连接第三动力装置 9。在漂浮体 1逆流 行驶停止发电时， 以第三动力装置 9驱动枢接轴 7转动， 从而带动挡板 2转 动， 直至挡板 2翘起从水流中移开， 如图 3所示， 使得挡板 2转动至位于水 面之上。
上述技术方案中， 与漂浮体枢接的挡板可以便利的变换位置， 在顺流行 驶发电时将挡板插入水中， 在逆流行驶停止发电时将挡板从水中移开以减小 阻力。 进一步的， 在顺流发电时， 还可以通过调整挡板入水的角度来调整挡 板所承受的推力大小， 从而控制漂浮体的行驶速度来适应不同的实际需求。 河流发电系统实施例三
如图 4 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例三的结构示意图， 本实施 例与上述实施例二相似， 挡板 2的一端与漂浮体 1枢接， 其区别在于： 枢接 轴 7竖直设置， 在漂浮体 1逆流行驶停止发电时， 以所连接的第三动力装置 9 可以驱动枢接轴 7转动， 以带动挡板 2转动至水流的顺流方向， 即转动至挡 板 2与水流流动方向大致平行， 如图 4所示。
本实施例的技术方案也可以通过转动挡板来减小漂浮体返航时的阻力， 且用于转动挡板所需的力更小。
河流发电系统实施例四
如图 5 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例四的结构示意图， 本实施 例以上述实施例一为基础， 其中， 挡板 2是固定设置在漂浮体 1上的， 且当 漂浮体 1是船体时， 挡板 2的方向与船体的方向垂直， 当漂浮体 1顺流行驶 时， 挡板 2 与水流流动方向垂直， 可以获取最大的水流推力。 而当漂浮体 1 停止发电需要逆流行驶返回时，设置在漂浮体 1上的第三动力装置 9 , 可以用 于驱动漂浮体 1本身转动， 从而带动挡板 2—起转动， 直至挡板 2转动为水 流的顺流方向， 即与水流流动方向大致平行。
本实施例的技术方案可以通过转动发电船本身来转动挡板， 从而达到减 小发电船返航时阻力的目的。
河流发电系统实施例五
如图 6 所示为本发明河流发电系统实施例五的结构示意图。 在具体应用 中， 挡板、 漂浮体和轮盘的配合关系可以有很多种变化， 例如， 挡板的数量 并不限定为一个， 也可以在一个漂浮体上设置多个挡板， 挡板可以沿着水流 流动方向并列设置或并排设置， 或呈一定角度设置， 可以根据具体情况而定。 轮盘与漂浮体的配合也可以变化。
在本实施例中， 如图 6所示， 轮盘 3的数量可以为一个， 其上可以并排 地独立卷绕两个柔性链， 即第一柔性链 41和第二柔性链 42 , 且其中任——个 柔性链呈卷绕状态， 另一个柔性链呈杠 状态； 第一柔性链 41和第二柔性链 42的一端分别连接有一个漂浮体， 即第一漂浮体 1 1和第二漂浮体 12。 例如， 当第一柔性链 41呈卷绕状态时， 其所连接的第一漂浮体 11在水流的推动下 顺流行驶， 卷绕的第一柔性链 41松开并带动轮盘 3转动， 从而带动发电机 5 转动发电； 第二漂浮体 12连接的第二柔性链 42呈松开状态， 在转动的轮盘 3 带动下松开的第二柔性链 42卷绕在轮盘 3上， 且带动第二漂浮体 12逆流行 驶。 第一漂浮体 11和第二漂浮体 12交替顺流行驶和逆流行驶。
在本实施例的河流发电系统工作过程中， 两个漂浮体交替顺流行驶和逆 流行驶， 顺流行驶的漂浮体进行发电， 并带动另一漂浮体逆流行驶， 具体的 工作过程以第一漂浮体顺流行驶为例进行说明：
在发电时， 第一漂浮体将其挡板插入水流中， 并且使其挡板的方向与水 流流动的方向形成第一阻力夹角， 较佳的是使其挡板的方向与水流流动方向 大致呈 90度， 以便最大程度的获取水流的动能， 挡板在水流的推动下可以带 动所在的第一漂浮体顺流行驶； 顺流行驶的第一漂浮体牵拉第一柔性链松开， 带动轮盘转动， 转动的轮盘一方面可以带动发电机转动发电， 另一方面同时 带动第二柔性链卷绕起来， 并牵拉第二柔性链所连接的第二漂浮体朝向轮盘 逆流行驶， 逆流行驶的第二漂浮体， 其上的挡板转动至从水流中移开， 或者 被转动至与水流的流动方向形成第二阻力夹角， 且第二阻力夹角小于第一阻 力夹角， 较佳的是平行于水流流动的方向， 则水流对第一漂浮体上挡板的推 力要显著大于对第二漂浮体上挡板的推力。 当第二漂浮体返回到轮盘处时， 再由第二漂浮体顺流行驶牵拉第一漂浮体返回， 如此反复交替， 使轮盘交替 着正向和反向转动来驱动发电机发电。
在本实施例中， 一个轮盘上连接两个漂浮体， 一个顺流行驶的同时， 另 一个逆流返回， 两个漂浮体互为动力装置， 交替着拖动轮盘转动。 具体可以 在发电机和轮盘之间设置换向装置， 将轮盘的转动方向进行调整， 沿同一方 向驱动发电机连续运转。
本实施例的技术方案， 能够减少动力装置的设置， 从而简化设备的成本。 具体建立发电站时， 可以设置多组的河流发电系统， 例如在河面上横向地并 排设置多个漂浮体同时运行， 形成一定规模的水力发电站。
河流发电系统实施例六
如图 7 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例六的一种实施方式的结构 示意图， 本实施例与实施例五的方案类似， 轮盘 3 的数量为一个， 通过离合 装置 10和变速器 8连接在发电机 5上， 轮盘 3上可以通过滑轮独立卷绕两个 柔性链， 即第一柔性链 41和第二柔性链 42 , 且其中一个柔性链呈卷绕状态， 另一个柔性链呈^ H 状态； 每个柔性链的一端分别连接有一个漂浮体， 即第 一漂浮体 11和第二漂浮体 12 ; 其中一个漂浮体在水流的推动下顺流行驶， 所 连的柔性链松开， 并带动轮盘 3转动， 从而带动发电机 5转动发电， 另一个 漂浮体在转动的轮盘 3 带动下逆流行驶， 两个漂浮体交替顺流和逆流行驶。 本实施例与实施例五的区别在于： 两个漂浮体的柔性链通过滑轮系与轮盘 3 相连， 两个漂浮体的行驶范围在水流流动方向上不重叠。 如图 7 所示， 第一 漂浮体 1 1的第一柔性链 41通过第一滑轮 101连接到设置在岸边的轮盘 3 ,第 二漂浮体 12的第二柔性链 42通过第二滑轮 1 02、 第三滑轮 103和第四滑轮 108连接到设置在岸边的轮盘 3上。第一漂浮体 11和第二漂浮体 12的行驶线 路是串行的， 且相互不交叠。
或者， 如图 8 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例六的另一种实施方 式的结构示意图。 其中， 第一漂浮体和第二漂浮体在水流方向上也错开距离， 避免相互影响， 第一柔性链和第二柔性链通过适当设置滑轮来与轮盘连接。
本实施例的技术方案可以使两个漂浮体交替着带动发电机连续发电， 并 且行驶范围不交叠可以避免漂浮体柔性链之间的纠缠和干扰。
河流发电系统实施例七
如图 9 所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例七的结构示意图， 在本实 施例中， 轮盘的数量为两个， 即第一轮盘 31和第二轮盘 32 , 其上分别卷绕一 个柔性链，即第一柔性链 41和第二柔性链 42 ,且其中一个柔性链呈卷绕状态， 另一个柔性链呈松开状态； 发电机 5的数量为一个， 与第一轮盘 31和第二轮 盘 32的转动轴分别相连的第一变速器 81、 第二变速器 82分别通过第一离合 装置 104和第二离合装置 105连接在发电机 5上， 第一离合装置 104和第二 离合装置 1 05具体可以为离合器或棘轮。 且第一轮盘 31转动轴的另一端连接 第四动力装置 106 , 第二轮盘 32的转动轴的另一端连接第五动力装置 107 ; 每个柔性链的一端分别连接有一个漂浮体，即第一漂浮体 11和第二漂浮体 12 , 两个漂浮体的柔性链分别通过滑轮系与各自轮盘相连； 其中一个漂浮体在水 流的推动下顺流行驶， 并带动所连接的轮盘转动， 从而带动发电机 5转动发 电， 另一个漂浮体所连接的轮盘在其动力装置的驱动下转动， 从而带动所连 接的漂浮体逆流行驶。 较佳的是两个漂浮体的行驶范围在水流流动方向上不 重叠。
在本实施例中， 进一步釆用两组轮盘、 柔性链和漂浮体的组合， 两个轮 盘带动一个发电机发电， 以离合器控制轮盘与发电机的接合和断开， 轮盘、 离合装置、 发电机和动力装置可以固定设置在岸边某处， 而后可以通过滑轮 系及柔性链连接漂浮体。 两个漂浮体交替着顺流发电和逆流返回， 并且， 以 动力装置驱动漂浮体逆流返回， 较佳的是使漂浮体逆流返回的速度大于另一 漂浮体顺流行驶的速度， 这样可以保证返回漂浮体留有收起挡板等的时间间 隔， 确保发电机能够连续发电。
河流发电系统实施例八
如图 10所示为本发明河流发电系统具体实施例八的结构示意图， 本实施 例以上述实施例一为基础， 进一步可以设置两个或两个以上漂浮体 1 , 沿水流 方向串连设置， 各漂浮体 1均连接在柔性链 4上， 或者可以分割的各段柔性 链 4首尾相连。
本实施例的技术方案使多个漂浮体能够同时顺流行驶发电， 并能够在一 个动力装置的驱动下逆流行驶返回到出发点。 多个漂浮体同时顺流行驶可增 强发电能力。
一种河流发电方法实施例
如图 11所示为本发明一种河流发电方法具体实施例的流程图， 该方法包 括如下步骤：
步骤 1 00、 当漂浮体上设置的挡板插入水流时，挡板与水流流动的方向具 有一夹角， 较佳的是呈 90度夹角， 挡板在水流的推动下， 带动漂浮体顺流行 驶， 其中， 漂浮体连接一柔性链的一端， 柔性链的另一端卷绕在相对于水流 固定设置的一轮盘上；
步骤 200、 当漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时，拖拽卷绕的柔性链带动轮 盘转动；
步骤 300、 转动的轮盘带动一发电机发电。
本实施例的河流发电方法具体可以釆用本发明的河流发电系统实施例来 执行， 以水流推动挡板， 带动漂浮体行驶， 漂浮体的水平运动通过柔性链转 换为轮盘的转动， 从而带动发电机发电。 本实施例的技术方案不是将水平运 动形式的水流动能直接转换为叶轮机的转动， 而是直接转换为漂浮体的水平 运动， 再转换为轮盘转动。 这种动能的转换， 能够克服叶轮机叶片在水流中 方向变化而无法充分利用水流动能的问题， 减小了动能转化时的损失， 能够 最大限度的利用水流资源， 提高发电量。
在本实施例的基础上， 为保证漂浮体发电运行的连续性， 可以在步骤 300 之后进一步执行下述步骤， 驱动漂浮体逆流返航：
步骤 400、 启动动力装置， 带动漂浮体逆流行驶；
步骤 500、 在漂浮体逆流行驶的过程中， 轮盘转动以卷绕起柔性链。
上述步骤 400 的具体实现方式， 可以为启动相对于水流固定设置的动力 装置， 例如上述河流发电系统实施例中所设置的第一动力装置， 驱动轮盘转 动将^ 的柔性链卷绕在轮盘上， 以带动漂浮体逆流行驶。
为减小漂浮体逆流返航时的阻力， 在启动第一动力装置之前， 可以将挡 板从水流中移开， 例如， 当挡板的一端与漂浮体枢接时， 如上述河流发电系 统实施例中所述， 可以驱动挡板的一端与漂浮体之间的水平枢接轴转动， 直 至将枢接的挡板转动至翘曲于水面之上或漂浮在水面之上而从水流中移出来 减小阻力。 或者， 当挡板的一端与漂浮体枢接时， 如上述河流发电系统实施例中所 述， 可以在启动第一动力装置之前， 驱动挡板的一端与漂浮体之间的垂直枢 接轴转动， 直至带动挡板转动至水流的顺流方向以减小阻力。
或者， 如上述河流发电系统实施例中所述， 还可以驱动漂浮体转动， 以 带动固设于漂浮体上的挡板转动， 直至挡板转动至水流的顺流方向， 即与水 流流动的方向大致平行以减小阻力。
进一步的， 在具体应用中， 还可以在漂浮体行驶的过程中， 检测水流的 速度， 并控制发电机的电气参数， 从而控制漂浮体在水流的推动下以设定速 度行驶。 对转动速度的有效控制， 可以控制发电机的转动速度， 有利于得到 频率稳定的高质量电能， 也可以根据具体需求控制漂浮体施加到轮盘上的转 矩， 即控制发电机所产生电能的功率。
本发明的河流发电方法具体可以由本发明河流发电系统的任一实施例来 执行， 但是并不限于此。 能够将水流流动的动力转换为漂浮体的水平运动， 再将漂浮体的水平运动转换为固定设定的轮盘的转动， 以此来发电的系统都 可以用来执行本发明的河流发电方法。
另一种河流发电方法实施例
本发明另一种河流发电方法具体实施例， 可以进一步设置两组相连接的 轮盘、 柔性链和漂浮体， 即第一轮盘、 第一柔性链和第一漂浮体， 以及第二 轮盘、 第二柔性链和第二漂浮体。 两个轮盘分别通过变速器及第一离合器和 第二离合器与一发电机连接。 本实施例的河流发电方法具体为：
当第一漂浮体上设置的挡板插入水流时， 挡板在水流的推动下， 带动第 一漂浮体顺流行驶， 其中， 第一漂浮体连接第一柔性链的一端， 第一柔性链 的另一端卷绕在相对于水流固定设置的第一轮盘上；
当第一漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕的第一柔性链带动第 一轮盘转动；
转动的第一轮盘通过第一离合器与该发电机接合， 且通过变速器带动发 电机发电； 在第一漂浮体带动第一轮盘转动， 带动发电机发电的同时， 第二轮盘通 过第二离合器与发电机断开连接， 且在所连接的第一动力装置的驱动下转动， 将连接在第二轮盘上的第二柔性链卷绕起来；
卷绕的第二柔性链带动所连接的第二漂浮体逆流行驶；
第一漂浮体和第二漂浮体交替顺流行驶和逆流行驶， 且行驶范围在水流 流动方向上不重叠。
在本实施例中， 当一个漂浮体顺流行驶带动所连接的轮盘转动时， 与该 轮盘相连的变速器通过一离合器带动发电机转动发电； 同时另一个漂浮体所 连接的轮盘在第一动力装置的驱动下转动， 带动该漂浮体逆流行驶， 逆流行 驶的漂浮体所连的轮盘通过另一离合器与发电机断开连接； 两个漂浮体交替 顺流行驶和逆流行驶， 其各自所连接的离合器在所连接的漂浮体顺流行驶时 与发电机连接， 且在所连接的漂浮体逆流行驶时与发电机断开。 较佳的是动 力装置驱动一个漂浮体逆流行驶的速度大于另一个漂浮体顺流行驶的速度， 这样可以保证返回漂浮体留有收起挡板等的时间间隔， 确保发电机能够连续 发电。 上述技术方案具体可以但不限于釆用本发明河流发电系统实施例七的 装置来实现。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种河流发电系统， 其特征在于， 包括：
轮盘， 相对于水流固定设置；
漂浮体， 漂浮在所述水流上；
挡板， 设置在所述漂浮体上， 在发电时所述挡板插入所述水流中， 所述 挡板在水流的推动下带动所述漂浮体顺流行驶；
柔性链， 所述柔性链的一端固定连接在所述漂浮体上， 所述柔性链的另 一端卷绕在所述轮盘上， 当所述漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕 的所述柔性链带动所述轮盘转动；
发电机， 通过变速器与所述轮盘的转动轴相连， 当所述轮盘转动时， 带 动所述发电机发电。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的河流发电系统， 其特征在于， 还包括： 第一动力装置， 与所述轮盘相连， 用于在停止发电时， 驱动所述轮盘转 动将松开的所述柔性链卷绕在所述轮盘上以带动所述漂浮体逆流行驶。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的河流发电系统， 其特征在于：
所述挡板的一端与所述漂浮体枢接， 枢接轴水平设置且连接有第三动力 装置， 在所述漂浮体逆流行驶时， 所述第三动力装置驱动所述枢接轴转动， 以带动所述挡板转动至从所述水流中移开。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的河流发电系统， 其特征在于：
所述挡板的一端与所述漂浮体枢接， 枢接轴竖直设置且连接有第三动力 装置， 在所述漂浮体逆流行驶时， 所述第三动力装置驱动所述枢接轴转动， 以带动所述挡板转动至所述水流的顺流方向。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的河流发电系统， 其特征在于， 还包括： 第三动力装置， 设置在所述漂浮体上， 用于在所述漂浮体逆流行驶时， 驱动所述漂浮体转动， 以带动所述挡板转动至所述水流的顺流方向。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的河流发电系统，其特征在于： 所述漂浮体 上设置有多个所述挡板， 所述挡板并排设置或并列设置。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的河流发电系统，其特征在于： 所述轮盘的数量 为两个， 其上分别卷绕一个所述柔性链， 且其中一个所述柔性链呈卷绕状态， 另一个所述柔性链呈松开状态； 所述发电机的数量为一个， 与所述两个轮盘 的转动轴分别相连的两个变速器分别通过一离合装置连接在所述发电机的两 端， 且两个轮盘的转动轴的另一端分别连接一动力装置； 每个所述柔性链的 一端分别连接有一个所述漂浮体， 两个所述漂浮体的柔性链分别通过滑轮系 与两个所述轮盘相连； 其中一个所述漂浮体在水流的推动下顺流行驶， 并带 动该轮盘转动， 从而带动所述发电机转动发电， 另一个所述漂浮体所连接的 轮盘在所连接的动力装置的驱动下转动， 从而带动所连接的漂浮体逆流行驶； 两个所述漂浮体的行驶范围在水流的流动方向上不重叠。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的河流发电系统，其特征在于： 所述离合装置为 离合器或棘轮。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的河流发电系统，其特征在于： 所述柔性链的数 量为两个， 两个柔性链的一端均卷绕连接在所述轮盘上； 所述漂浮体的数量 为两个， 分别连接在两个所述柔性链的另一端上； 其中一个漂浮体的挡板插 入所述水流中在水流推动下带动该漂浮体顺流行驶， 并牵拉所连接的柔性链 松开且带动所述轮盘转动； 转动的所述轮盘卷绕另一个漂浮体所连接的柔性 链， 并牵拉该漂浮体逆流行驶， 两个所述漂浮体交替顺流行驶和逆流行驶。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的河流发电系统， 其特征在于： 所述轮盘与所 述发电机之间连接有换向装置。
11、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的河流发电系统， 其特征在于： 所述漂浮 体的数量为两个或两个以上， 沿水流方向串连设置， 各漂浮体均连接在所述 柔性链上。
12、 一种河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
当漂浮体上设置的挡板插入水流时， 所述挡板在水流的推动下， 带动所 述漂浮体顺流行驶， 其中， 所述漂浮体连接一柔性链的一端， 所述柔性链的 另一端卷绕在相对于所述水流固定设置的一轮盘上；
当所述漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕的所述柔性链带动所 述轮盘转动；
转动的所述轮盘带动一发电机发电。
1 3、 根据权利要求 12 所述的河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 在所述漂浮 体行驶至所述柔性链从所述轮盘松开之后， 还包括：
启动第一动力装置， 驱动所述轮盘转动将所述柔性链卷绕在所述轮盘上 以带动所述漂浮体逆流行驶。
14、 根据权利要求 1 3所述的河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 在启动第一 动力装置之前， 还包括： 将所述挡板从水流中移出。
15、 根据权利要求 14 所述的河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 所述将所述 挡板从水流中移出具体为： 驱动所述挡板的一端与所述漂浮体之间的枢接轴 转动， 直至带动所述挡板从所述水流中移出。
16、 根据权利要求 1 3所述的河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 所述启动第 一动力装置之前， 还包括： 驱动所述挡板的一端与所述漂浮体之间的枢接轴 转动， 直至带动所述挡板转动至所述水流的顺流方向。
17、 根据权利要求 1 3所述的河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 所述启动第 一动力装置之前， 还包括： 驱动所述漂浮体转动以带动所述挡板转动， 直至 所述挡板转动至所述水流的顺流方向。
18、 一种河流发电方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
当第一漂浮体上设置的挡板插入水流时， 所述挡板在水流的推动下， 带 动所述第一漂浮体顺流行驶， 其中， 所述第一漂浮体连接第一柔性链的一端， 所述第一柔性链的另一端卷绕在相对于所述水流固定设置的第一轮盘上； 当所述第一漂浮体在水流推动下顺流行驶时， 拖拽卷绕的所述第一柔性 链带动所述第一轮盘转动； 转动的所述第一轮盘通过第一离合器与一发电机接合， 且通过一变速器 带动所述发电机发电；
同时， 一第二轮盘通过第二离合器与所述发电机断开连接， 且在第一动 力装置的驱动下转动， 将连接在所述第二轮盘上的第二柔性链卷绕起来； 卷绕的所述第二柔性链带动所连接的第二漂浮体逆流行驶；
所述第一漂浮体和第二漂浮体交替顺流行驶和逆流行驶， 且行驶范围在 水流流动方向上不重叠。
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CN101429921B (zh) 2011-12-07
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GB2456430B (en) 2010-04-14
CN101429921A (zh) 2009-05-13
DE202009006108U1 (de) 2009-08-13
US20100140946A1 (en) 2010-06-10

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