WO2009141965A1 - 濾過方法 - Google Patents
濾過方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009141965A1 WO2009141965A1 PCT/JP2009/001944 JP2009001944W WO2009141965A1 WO 2009141965 A1 WO2009141965 A1 WO 2009141965A1 JP 2009001944 W JP2009001944 W JP 2009001944W WO 2009141965 A1 WO2009141965 A1 WO 2009141965A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- virus removal
- virus
- protein
- intermediate product
- filtration
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/022—Filtration
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- A61L2103/05—
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/22—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
- B01D67/00931—Chemical modification by introduction of specific groups after membrane formation, e.g. by grafting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/34—Extraction; Separation; Purification by filtration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/02—Hydrophilization
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/38—Graft polymerization
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/20—Specific permeability or cut-off range
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for filtering an intermediate product of a protein preparation in a virus removal step in the production process of a protein preparation, and a virus removal filter used in this method.
- protein drugs such as antibody drugs, recombinant protein drugs, plasma products, and plasma fractionated products may be contaminated with virus from raw materials and processes, viruses are inactivated in the process of manufacturing these protein products. Or need to be removed.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4 a membrane made of a natural material such as cellulose or a virus removal membrane made of a synthetic polymer material such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polyethersulfone (PES) is known.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PES polyethersulfone
- the filtration of the intermediate product of the protein preparation by the virus removal apparatus loaded with these virus removal membranes should be able to filter a larger amount of protein in a short time and remove the virus with sufficiently high virus removal performance.
- a cellulose membrane does not cause clogging of the membrane even at a protein concentration of 20 mg / ml or more and can be filtered.
- the pressure resistance is low and the actual use pressure can only be increased to about 100 kPa, or a synthetic polymer.
- the membrane has high pressure resistance, and there is no problem even if the actual working pressure is increased to about 300 kPa.
- Patent Document 1 When the protein concentration is increased to about 20 mg / ml, there is a problem that the membrane is clogged and cannot be filtered. It was. For this reason, it was common to perform filtration at a low concentration of 10 mg / ml or less (Patent Document 1).
- an object of the present invention is to provide a filtration method for a virus removal step in a protein preparation production process under conditions where a protein preparation intermediate product having a high protein concentration is passed through a virus removal filter at a high pressure. And to provide a virus removal filter used in this method.
- the present inventors have a container having at least one inlet and an outlet for the intermediate product of the protein preparation and a virus removal membrane for removing viruses,
- the inner space of the container is divided into an inlet side space and an outlet side space of the protein preparation intermediate product by a virus removal membrane, and at least one of the inlet and outlet of the protein preparation intermediate product has a fitting structure having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more.
- a nozzle, using a virus removal filter effective membrane area is 0.0001 m 2 or more 0.03 m 2 or less of the virus removal membrane, in the virus removal filter, the protein concentration of 20 mg / ml or higher 100 mg / ml or less purification steps
- the intermediate protein product with a high protein formulation has an inlet pressure of 150 kPa to 600 kPa for the average protein filtration.
- Degree is at 1.0kg / m 2 / Hr or more conditions, flow than 5 hours or more 1 hour as the filtration time, by using a filtration method to obtain a filtrate protein preparation intermediate product of a virus removal rate LRV ⁇ 3, industrial It is possible to determine the protein concentration of the protein product intermediate product when scaled up to scale, the inlet pressure of the virus removal filter, and / or the operating conditions of the filtration time, and that it is useful for designing the equipment for the virus removal process.
- the headline and the present invention were obtained.
- the present invention includes the following.
- [1] In a filtration method in which a protein preparation intermediate product is passed through a virus removal filter at a predetermined protein concentration and pressure, (1) A container having at least one inlet and an outlet for an intermediate product of a protein preparation and a virus removal membrane for removing viruses, and the inner space of the container is separated from the inlet side space of the intermediate product of the protein preparation by the virus removal film. It is partitioned into an outlet side space, and at least one of the inlet and outlet of the protein preparation intermediate product has a fitting structure with a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more, and the effective membrane area of the virus removal membrane is 0.0001 m 2 or more.
- a virus removal filter that is 0.03 m 2 or less
- a protein preparation intermediate product whose protein concentration has been increased to 20 mg / ml or more and 100 mg / ml or less by the purification process is applied to the virus removal filter, the inlet pressure of the protein preparation intermediate product is 150 kPa or more and 600 kPa or less, and the average protein filtration rate Is not less than 1.0 kg / m 2 / Hr, and the flow time is 1 hour or more and 5 hours or less
- the virus is a virus selected from any of Parvoviridae, Retroviridae, Flaviviridae, Reoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Herpesviridae, Picornaviridae, and Papovaviridae [1] ] Or the filtration method according to [2].
- the filtration method according to [4], wherein the immunoglobulin is immunoglobulin G.
- [7] The filtration method according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the virus removal membrane is a hollow fiber virus removal membrane.
- [8] A method in which the protein concentration and the inlet pressure condition of the filtration method according to any one of [1] to [7] are employed as operating conditions when scaled up.
- a virus removal membrane, and the inner space of the container is partitioned by the virus removal membrane into an inlet side space and an outlet side space of the protein preparation intermediate product, and at least the inlet of the protein preparation intermediate product has an inlet of 600 kPa or more.
- a nozzle fitting structure having a pressure resistance, virus removal filters effective membrane area of the virus removal membrane is 0.0001 m 2 or more 0.03 m 2 or less.
- the virus removal membrane is a microporous membrane containing a thermoplastic resin having a coarse structure layer having a high porosity and a dense structure layer having a low porosity, wherein the coarse structure layer is at least one of the membranes.
- a multilayer microscopic structure in which the thickness is 5.0 ⁇ m or more on the surface, the thickness of the dense structure layer is 50% or more of the entire film thickness, and the coarse structure layer and the dense structure layer are integrated.
- the filtration method of the present invention it is possible to determine the operating conditions of the virus removal process in the protein preparation manufacturing process under the condition that the intermediate protein product with a high protein concentration is passed through the virus removal filter at a high pressure. .
- the scale-up only needs to increase the membrane area of the virus removal filter in proportion to the volume increase rate of the intermediate protein product.
- it is also used to improve the virus removal process in the protein preparation manufacturing process, and therefore used to design a virus removal process that can manufacture a larger amount of protein preparation in a shorter time. Can do.
- the important items are the average protein filtration rate of the intermediate protein preparation and the virus removal rate.
- the filtration rate has a negative correlation with the protein concentration. If the protein concentration is increased, the filtration rate is lowered. It is not preferable to add a dilution step to lower the protein concentration because it is expensive in terms of equipment.
- the pressure resistance of the virus removal filter itself is 600 kPa or more, but a container having at least one inlet and an outlet and a virus.
- a virus removal membrane for removing the virus and the space inside the container is partitioned by the virus removal membrane into an inlet side space and an outlet side space of the protein preparation intermediate product, and the inlet structure has a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more. What is necessary is just to filter using the virus removal filter which is a nozzle with a fitting structure.
- Examples of the nozzle having a fitting structure having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more include, for example, a luer lock type nozzle, a one-touch connection nozzle (for example, inch size one-touch mini manufactured by SMC, inch size one-touch fitting, one-touch mini (above Etc.), coupler type nozzles, ferrule connection type nozzles, etc., and these can be used.
- the nozzle can be applied to the present invention as long as it has a fitting structure with a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more that can feed the filtrate without liquid leakage.
- the effective membrane area of the virus removal membrane is required to be 0.0001 m 2 or more 0.03 m 2 or less. If it is larger than 0.03 m 2 , the amount of the protein preparation intermediate product necessary for filtration becomes large, resulting in a problem of high evaluation cost. On the other hand, when the effective membrane area is less than 0.0001 m 2, the amount of filtration is reduced, and the volume of the intermediate product of the protein preparation for evaluating the virus removal performance is too small, which makes it difficult to determine the virus. Accordingly, it is appropriate 0.0001 m 2 or more 0.03 m 2 or less. Preferably 0.0003 m 2 or more 0.02 m 2 or less, more preferably 0.0005 m 2 or more 0.01 m 2 or less, and most preferably 0.0007M 2 or more 0.002 m 2 or less.
- the effective membrane area of the virus removal membrane refers to the area of the surface area of the virus removal membrane through which the intermediate product of the protein preparation can pass.
- the virus removal membrane when filtering from the inside to the outside of the hollow fiber, it means the area of the inner surface of the hollow fiber where the intermediate product of protein preparation can pass, and from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber In the case of filtration, it means the area of the portion through which the protein preparation can pass out of the surface area outside the hollow fiber.
- the virus removal membrane is a flat membrane, it refers to the area of the surface where the protein preparation intermediate product can pass among the surface area of the surface into which the protein preparation intermediate product is poured.
- the effective membrane area of the virus removal membrane can be adjusted easily by increasing / decreasing the number of hollow fibers in a hollow fiber filter, and there is no significant disturbance factor at the time of scaling up / down.
- the feature is that it is easy to obtain scalability. That is, in the case of a hollow fiber filter, it may be considered that the filtration performance is maintained only by changing the filtration volume when the membrane area is changed.
- the effect of changing the membrane area is the effect of increasing or decreasing the filtrate. As described above, if the amount is too small, the virus quantification is adversely affected. If the amount is too large, the convenience and cost of operation are affected.
- the membrane may have a flat membrane structure or a hollow fiber structure, but preferably has a hollow fiber structure.
- the material of the film one having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more can be used.
- a membrane made of a synthetic polymer such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethersulfone (PES), or polysulfone (PS) and having hydrophilicity is preferable. The important point is that it has a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more.
- a hydrophilic vinyl monomer having one vinyl group is grafted onto the pore surface of a microporous membrane at a graft ratio of 3% to 50%.
- a polymerization method (WO 2004/035180 pamphlet), a method of bonding a polymer formed from a polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate via a crosslinking agent (JP 2000-1548 A), and a polymerization initiator
- JP 2000-1548 A a method of bonding a polymer formed from a polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate via a crosslinking agent
- JP 2000-1548 A crosslinking agent
- Many methods are known, such as a method of impregnating a membrane with a solution containing a hydrophilic monomer and polymerizing in a pore (WO 91/16968 pamphlet).
- the purpose of imparting hydrophilicity is to improve the filterability of an intermediate product of a protein preparation of a membrane made of a hydrophobic synthetic polymer. Therefore, the method for imparting hydrophilicity is not limited to that exemplified here.
- the membrane structure has a coarse structure layer with a large pore size on the upstream side and a high porosity according to the flow direction of the intermediate product of the protein preparation, and a dense structure layer suitable for removing viruses with a small pore size on the downstream side. It is preferable that the coarse structure layer and the dense structure layer have a gradient structure in which the pore diameter is continuously changed.
- a more preferable membrane structure is a microporous membrane containing a thermoplastic resin having a coarse structure layer having a high porosity and a dense structure layer having a low porosity, wherein the coarse structure layer is at least one of the membranes.
- a multilayer microscopic structure in which the thickness is 5.0 ⁇ m or more on the surface, the thickness of the dense structure layer is 50% or more of the entire film thickness, and the coarse structure layer and the dense structure layer are integrated. What is a porous film is preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable that the coarse structure layer has an inclined structure in which the partial pore ratio continuously decreases from the film surface toward the dense structure layer and exists only on one film surface.
- This film can be produced by the methods disclosed in, for example, JP-A-11-319522, JP-A-9-169867, and WO 2004/035180.
- the virus used for the evaluation can be arbitrarily selected from related viruses, specific model viruses, and non-specific model viruses that may be mixed into protein preparations.
- the definitions of related viruses, specific model viruses, and non-specific model viruses mentioned here are the same as those described in the Japan-US EU Pharmaceutical Regulation Harmonization International Conference (ICH) guidelines.
- related viruses are known to be mixed in cell substrates, other reagents and various substances used in the production process of protein preparations, or the same or the same type of viruses that may exist.
- a specific model virus is a virus that is closely related to a known or suspected virus. That is, they are defined as those of the same genus or family that have similar physical and chemical properties as the virus detected or suspected to exist.
- Non-specific model viruses have robustness in terms of analyzing the general ability of the manufacturing process in terms of virus removal and inactivation, ie, ensuring that the process exhibits virus clearance capacity. It is defined as a virus used in a virus clearance process characterization test performed for the purpose of analysis.
- a preparation is produced from a mouse-derived substrate such as a monoclonal antibody, as a related virus or a specific model virus, a retrovirus such as a mouse leukemia virus, a parvovirus such as a mouse minimal virus, or a flavivirus such as bovine diarrhea virus Can be used.
- a parvovirus such as a porcine parvovirus can also be used as a minimally sized virus model.
- human parvovirus B19 parvovirus B19
- HIV virus Reetroviridae
- porcine parvovirus Parvoviridae
- bovine diarrhea virus Fraviviridae
- herpesviridae such as herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus
- paramyxoviridae such as parainfluenza virus
- reoviridae such as reovirus type 3
- picornaviridae such as poliovirus
- papovaviridae such as SV40 virus.
- the selection of the virus to be used should be determined based on known requirements such as ICH.
- viruses used for evaluation are added to the intermediate product of the protein preparation, and the amount of virus before and after filtration by the virus removal filter is measured to measure the virus removal performance evaluation.
- the amount of virus added at this time can be obtained by calculating backward from the required virus removal rate.
- the amount of virus added depends on the purity of the virus solution because it may clog the filter due to impurities (impurities) mixed in the virus solution and may cause harmful effects on the filtration test. It is desirable to adjust.
- the virus solution may be added in an amount of 10% or less, preferably up to 5% or less, more preferably 1% or less of the volume of the intermediate product of the protein preparation.
- the virus preparation method may contain a large amount of contaminants and may greatly damage the filtration rate.
- the virus may be purified and separated before use.
- a virus purification method a method using ultracentrifugation is already known.
- the removal rate of viruses larger than the pore size of the virus removal filter is usually LRV ⁇ 3, while the removal rate of viruses smaller than the pore size of the virus removal filter is usually LRV ⁇ 3 (Tatsuhiro Koizumi et al. II. Monoclonal antibody purified dry concentrated human blood coagulation factor VIII preparation (Crossate M (registered trademark)) and intramuscular human immunoglobulin preparation (anti-HBs human immunoglobulin "Nichika” (registered trademark) , Human Immunoglobulin “Nichika (Registered Trademark)” in the manufacturing process of the virus removal membrane in Japanese Journal Transfusion Medicine, (1999), Vol.45.
- an intermediate product of a protein preparation used in the filtration method of the present invention an intermediate product of an antibody pharmaceutical, an intermediate product of a recombinant protein pharmaceutical, an intermediate product of a plasma preparation, an intermediate product of a plasma fractionation preparation, etc. can be applied. Products are preferred. More preferred is an intermediate product of an immunoglobulin G preparation, and most preferred is an intermediate product of an immunoglobulin G monoclonal antibody preparation.
- These protein preparation intermediate products are first filtered through a virus removal filter device without adding virus, thereby evaluating the average protein filtration rate of the protein preparation intermediate products.
- a virus removal filter device By filtering at a high concentration of 20 mg / ml or more and 100 mg / ml or less of the protein concentration, and at a high pressure of 150 kPa or more and 600 kPa or less of the intermediate product of the protein preparation, the average protein filtration rate ( kg / m 2 / Hr).
- a predetermined amount of virus is added to the intermediate product of the protein preparation within the range of the protein concentration and pressure.
- the virus removal performance of the virus removal step is evaluated by filtering with a virus removal filter.
- the production amount of one batch in the production process of the protein preparation tends to increase the total weight.
- the total amount (total weight) of one batch of protein preparation for example, in the case of antibody pharmaceutical preparations, research on improving productivity has progressed, and there is an example in which one batch shows a high production capacity of 50 kg or more.
- the average protein filtration rate of the virus removal filter should be 1.0 kg / m 2 / Hr or more. If it is 1.0 kg / m 2 / Hr or more, 50 kg of protein intermediate product can be filtered within 12.5 hours with one 4 m 2 filter and within 6.25 hours with two. is there.
- a predetermined amount of virus is added to the intermediate product of the protein preparation within the range of the protein concentration and pressure.
- the virus removal performance of the virus removal step is evaluated by filtering with a virus removal filter. That is, the protein concentration condition and the inlet pressure condition of the protein preparation intermediate product satisfying the virus removal rate LRV ⁇ 3 are selected.
- the protein concentration is filtered at a high concentration of 20 mg / ml or more and 100 mg / ml or less and the inlet pressure of the intermediate product of the protein preparation is filtered at a high pressure of 150 kPa or more and 600 kPa or less, the average of 1.0 kg / m 2 / Hr or more is similarly applied.
- the average protein filtration rate implemented without adding a virus solution is abbreviate
- the protein concentration is 20 mg / ml to 100 mg / ml, preferably 25 mg / ml to 100 mg / ml, more preferably 30 mg / ml to 100 mg / ml, most preferably 30 mg / ml to 50 mg / ml. Less than ml.
- the inlet pressure at the time of filtration has the merit that high pressure can be filtered quickly in a short time, but if the pressure is too high, the risk of damage and leakage due to pressure on the device increases, so the inlet pressure is It is carried out at 150 kPa or more and 600 kPa or less.
- the pressure is preferably 196 kPa to 500 kPa, more preferably 245 kPa to 400 kPa, further preferably 294 kPa to 400 kPa, and most preferably 294 to 300 kPa. It is preferable to evaluate the protein concentration and the inlet pressure by moving within several ranges so that the average protein filtration rate is 1.0 kg / m 2 / Hr or more and the LRV satisfies LRV ⁇ 3 simultaneously.
- the filtration time for passing the protein product intermediate product through the virus removal filter is 1 hour or more and 5 hours or less, but the virus removal process in the protein preparation manufacturing process when the scale-up is performed, the membrane area of the virus removal filter is If it is desired to complete it in a short time even if it is large, it can be set to a long time if it is desired to reduce the effective membrane area of the virus removal membrane in a short time. Further, in order to determine a condition that satisfies LRV ⁇ 3 even after 3 hours from the start of filtration, it is also preferable that the protein preparation intermediate product is allowed to flow through the virus removal filter for 3 hours to 5 hours.
- Example 1 As a virus removal filter, a microporous hollow fiber membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more is used as a hydrophilic vinyl monomer (in accordance with the method shown in Example 1 of WO 2004/035180 pamphlet). Hydrophilic microporous hollow fiber membrane grafted with hydroxypropyl acrylate) so as to have a graft ratio of 10%, and a coarse structure layer having a large porosity is present on the inner surface of the hollow fiber membrane, and its thickness is 7.
- a filter having an effective membrane area of 0.001 m 2 a multilayer microporous hollow fiber membrane in which the thickness of the dense structure layer integrated with this is 80% of the total film thickness and the porosity is small. It has a luer lock type nozzle with pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more, and the inner space of the container is divided into an inlet side space and an outlet side space by a hollow fiber membrane.
- the virus removal filters are used.
- human immunoglobulin G solution 0.1M saline solution is used as a solvent
- a concentration of 30mg / ml a concentration of 30mg / ml
- porcine parvovirus (PPV) solution is added to this solution.
- prefiltration was performed with a hollow fiber filter having a pore diameter of 35 nm (PLANOVA (registered trademark) 35N, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Medical Corporation).
- the immunoglobulin concentration after prefiltration was 30 mg / ml, and the PPV concentration was 6.1 (TCID 50 / ml).
- This 30 mg / ml human immunoglobulin G solution containing PPV was subjected to dead-end filtration for 5 hours at a pressure of 294 kPa using the above filtration device.
- the average protein filtration rate was 1.9, 1.9, and 1.8 kg / m 2 / Hr, 3 hours, 4 hours, and 5 hours after the start of filtration, respectively.
- the virus removal rate could be evaluated with a high-speed filtrate of 1.0 (kg / m 2 / Hr) or more.
- the virus removal rate was LRV ⁇ 5.6 for both the filtrate up to 1 hour after the start of filtration, the filtrate up to 3 hours, and the filtrate up to 5 hours.
- the conditions were such that the protein concentration of the intermediate product of the protein preparation was 30 mg / ml, the virus removal filter inlet pressure was 294 kPa, and the filtration time was within 5 hours.
- a microporous hollow fiber membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more is used as a hydrophilic vinyl polymer (in accordance with the method shown in Example 1 of WO 2004/035180 pamphlet).
- a filter having an effective membrane area of 0.001 m 2 a multilayer microporous hollow fiber membrane in which the thickness of the dense structure layer integrated with this is 80% of the total film thickness and the porosity is small. It has a luer lock type nozzle with pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more, and the inner space of the container is divided into an inlet side space and an outlet side space by a hollow fiber membrane.
- the virus removal filters are used.
- As a model of protein product intermediate product human immunoglobulin G solution with a concentration of 30 mg / ml (0.1 M saline solution is used as a solvent) was used. Three types of solutions were prepared by addition.
- Virus solution 1 Murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) (Example 2 virus concentration 5.0) Virus solution 2) Reovirus type 3 (Reo-3) (Example 3 Virus concentration 5.6) Virus solution 3) Mouse minimal virus (MVM) (Example 4 virus concentration 5.7)
- A-MuLV Murine leukemia virus
- Reo-3 Reovirus type 3
- VMM Mouse minimal virus
- the filtration rates up to 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours after the start of filtration were 2.2, 2.0 and 1.9, respectively. 1.7 and 1.6 kg / m 2 / Hr.
- the virus removal rate could be evaluated with a high-speed filtrate of 1.0 (kg / m 2 / Hr) or more.
- the virus removal rate was LRV ⁇ 4.5 for both the filtrate up to 1 hour after the start of filtration, the filtrate up to 3 hours, and the filtrate up to 5 hours.
- the conditions were such that the protein concentration of the intermediate product of the protein preparation was 30 mg / ml, the virus removal filter inlet pressure was 294 kPa, and the filtration time was within 5 hours.
- the filtration rates up to 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours after the start of filtration were 2.5, 2.3, 2.1, 2. 0 and 1.8 kg / m 2 / Hr.
- the virus removal rate could be evaluated with a high-speed filtrate of 1.0 (kg / m 2 / Hr) or more.
- the virus removal rate was LRV ⁇ 5.1 for both the filtrate up to 1 hour after the start of filtration, the filtrate up to 3 hours, and the filtrate up to 5 hours.
- the conditions were such that the protein concentration of the intermediate product of the protein preparation was 30 mg / ml, the virus removal filter inlet pressure was 294 kPa, and the filtration time was within 5 hours.
- the filtration rate up to 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours after the start of filtration was 2.4, 2.3, 2.1, 2.0, It became 2.0 kg / m 2 / Hr.
- the virus removal rate could be evaluated with a high-speed filtrate of 1.0 (kg / m 2 / Hr) or more.
- the virus removal rate was LRV ⁇ 5.2 for the filtrate for up to 1 hour after the start of filtration, the filtrate for up to 3 hours, and the filtrate for up to 5 hours.
- the conditions were such that the protein concentration of the intermediate product of the protein preparation was 30 mg / ml, the virus removal filter inlet pressure was 294 kPa, and the filtration time was within 5 hours.
- a virus removal filter As a virus removal filter, a hollow fiber membrane made of cellulose having a pressure resistance of 100 kPa and containing no thermoplastic resin is used, and a bamboo shoot type nozzle having no pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more is used at the inlet and outlet of the hollow fiber membrane. And a filtration device (Planova (registered trademark) 20N, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd.), which is a hollow fiber membrane having an effective membrane area of 0.001 m 2 and whose inner space is partitioned into an inlet side space and an outlet side space.
- Plantova registered trademark 20N, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd.
- human immunoglobulin G solution 0.1M saline solution is used as a solvent
- a concentration of 30mg / ml 0.5% by volume of porcine parvovirus (PPV) solution is added to this solution.
- PPV porcine parvovirus
- prefiltration was performed with a hollow fiber filter (Planova (registered trademark) 35N) having a pore diameter of 35 nm.
- the immunoglobulin concentration after prefiltration was 30 mg / ml, and the PPV concentration was 5.9.
- This 30 mg / ml human immunoglobulin G solution (including PPV) was subjected to dead-end filtration for 5 hours at a pressure of 98 kPa, which is an upper limit pressure applied to the cellulose membrane, using the virus removal filter. .
- the virus removal rate was LRV ⁇ 5.4 for both the filtrate up to 1 hour after the start of filtration and the filtrate up to 5 hours.
- human immunoglobulin G solution (0.1M saline solution is used as a solvent) with a concentration of 30mg / ml, and 0.5% by volume of porcine parvovirus (PPV) solution is added to this solution.
- PPV porcine parvovirus
- prefiltration was performed with a hollow fiber filter (Planova (registered trademark) 35N) having a pore diameter of 35 nm.
- the immunoglobulin concentration after prefiltration was 30 mg / ml, and the PPV concentration was 5.2.
- This 30 mg / ml human immunoglobulin G solution (containing PPV) was subjected to dead-end filtration at a pressure of 294 kPa for 5 hours using the virus removal filter.
- the filtrate for 1 hour after the start of filtration had a slow filtration rate, so the filtration volume was too small to measure the virus concentration.
- the virus removal rate of the filtrate up to 3 hours after the start of filtration was LRV ⁇ 4.0.
- the amount of filtration in 0.09 kg / m 2 after the start of filtration 3 hours, filtration rate of the average 1 hour was less than 0.03kg / m 2 / Hr next, 1.0kg / m 2 / Hr .
- a microporous hollow fiber membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more and a hydrophilic vinyl polymer (hydroxy) according to the method shown in Example 1 of WO 2004/035180 pamphlet.
- This is a filter having an effective membrane area of 0.001 m 2 with a microporous hollow fiber membrane consisting only of a coarse structure layer grafted with propyl acrylate to a graft ratio of 10% and having a pressure resistance of 600 kPa or more at the filter inlet.
- a virus removal filter having a type nozzle and having a hollow fiber membrane partitioning the inner space of the container into an inlet side space and an outlet side space was used.
- human immunoglobulin G solution 0.1M saline solution is used as a solvent
- porcine parvovirus (PPV) solution is added to this solution.
- the concentration of PPV was 6.0.
- This 30 mg / ml human immunoglobulin G solution (containing PPV) was subjected to dead-end filtration at a pressure of 294 kPa for 5 hours using the virus removal filter.
- the average protein filtration rate was 2.3, 2.2, and 2.0 kg / m 2 / Hr at 1 hour, 3 hours, and 5 hours after the start of filtration, respectively.
- the filtration method of the present invention is useful for setting up actual operating conditions and designing facilities in a virus removal process during the production process of protein preparations such as antibody drugs, recombinant protein drugs, plasma preparations, and plasma fractionation preparations. It is very useful for the protein pharmaceutical manufacturing industry because it can collect such information on a very small scale.
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Abstract
Description
また蛋白製剤中間製品は、蛋白製剤を製造するための貴重な材料であるため、製造スケールでウイルス除去工程の濾過方法、運転条件を決定することは、時間的にも経済的にも困難を伴うため、本発明者は、予め小スケールでウイルス除去工程の濾過方法、蛋白製剤中間製品の蛋白質濃度、ウイルス除去フィルターの入口圧力、及び/または濾過時間の運転条件を決定しておき、これをスケールアップした蛋白製剤の製造工程に適用することの重要性を強く認識した。
[1]ウイルス除去フィルターに蛋白製剤中間製品を所定の蛋白質濃度および圧力で流す濾過方法において、
(1)蛋白製剤中間製品の入口と出口を夫々少なくとも一つ有する容器とウイルスを除去するためのウイルス除去膜とを有し、容器内空間がウイルス除去膜によって蛋白製剤中間製品の入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られており、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口、出口のうち少なくとも入口は600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つ嵌合構造のノズルであり、ウイルス除去膜の有効膜面積が0.0001m2以上0.03m2以下であるウイルス除去フィルターを用い、
(2)該ウイルス除去フィルターに、精製工程により蛋白質濃度が20mg/ml以上100mg/ml以下に高められた蛋白製剤中間製品を、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口圧力が150kPa以上600kPa以下、平均蛋白濾過速度が1.0kg/m2/Hr以上の条件で、濾過時間として1時間以上5時間以下流し、
(3)ウイルス除去率LRV≧3の蛋白製剤中間製品の濾液を得る
濾過方法。
[2][1]に記載のウイルス除去フィルターに、
(4)精製工程により蛋白質濃度が20mg/ml以上100mg/ml以下に高められた蛋白製剤中間製品を、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口圧力が150kPa以上600kPa以下、平均蛋白濾過速度が1.0kg/m2/Hr以上の条件で、濾過時間として3時間以上5時間以下流し、
(5)ウイルス除去率LRV≧3の蛋白製剤中間製品の濾液を得る
[1]に記載の濾過方法。
[3]ウイルスが、パルボウイルス科、レトロウイルス科、フラビウイルス科、レオウイルス科、パラミクソウイルス科、ヘルペスウイルス科、ピコルナウイルス科、パポーバウイルス科のいずれかより選択されるウイルスである[1]または[2]に記載の濾過方法。
[4]蛋白製剤中間製品中の蛋白質が、免疫グロブリンである[1]乃至[3]のいずれかに記載の濾過方法。
[5]免疫グロブリンが、免疫グロブリンGである[4]に記載の濾過方法。
[6]ウイルス除去膜が、親水化された合成高分子よりなる[1]乃至[5]のいずれかに記載の濾過方法。
[7]ウイルス除去膜が、中空糸型ウイルス除去膜である[1]乃至[6]のいずれかに記載の濾過方法。
[8][1]乃至[7]のいずれかに記載の濾過方法の蛋白質濃度および入口圧力条件を、スケールアップしたときの運転条件として採用する方法。
[9]更に、[1]乃至[7]のいずれかに記載の濾過方法の濾過時間を、スケールアップしたときの運転条件として採用する[8]に記載の方法。
[10][1]乃至[7]のいずれかに記載の濾過方法に用いられるウイルス除去フィルターであって、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口と出口を夫々少なくとも一つ有する容器とウイルスを除去するためのウイルス除去膜とを有し、容器内空間がウイルス除去膜によって蛋白製剤中間製品の入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られており、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口、出口のうち少なくとも入口は600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つ嵌合構造のノズルであり、ウイルス除去膜の有効膜面積が0.0001m2以上0.03m2以下であるウイルス除去フィルター。
[11]ウイルス除去膜が、中空糸型ウイルス除去膜である[10]に記載のウイルス除去フィルター。
[12]ウイルス除去膜が、開孔率が大きい粗大構造層と、開孔率が小さい緻密構造層を有する、熱可塑性樹脂を含む微多孔膜であって、該粗大構造層が少なくとも一方の膜表面に存在し、その厚みが5.0μm以上であり、該緻密構造層の厚みが膜厚全体の50%以上であって、かつ該粗大構造層と該緻密構造層が一体化している多層微多孔膜である[10]または[11]に記載のウイルス除去フィルター。
また付随する効果として、蛋白製剤製造工程中のウイルス除去工程をより改善するためにも用いられ、もって、より短時間に、より大量の蛋白製剤を製造できるウイルス除去工程を設計するために用いることができる。
なお、ここでいうグラフト率とは、下記式で定義される。
グラフト率(%)=100×{(グラフト後の膜質量-グラフト前の膜質量)/グラフト前の膜質量}
また更に好ましい膜の構造は、開孔率が大きい粗大構造層と、開孔率が小さい緻密構造層を有する、熱可塑性樹脂を含む微多孔膜であって、該粗大構造層が少なくとも一方の膜表面に存在し、その厚みが5.0μm以上であり、該緻密構造層の厚みが膜厚全体の50%以上であって、かつ該粗大構造層と該緻密構造層が一体化している多層微多孔膜であるものが好ましい。
さらに、前記粗大構造層は、膜表面から緻密構造層に向かって部分開孔率が連続的に減少する傾斜構造で、一方の膜表面のみに存在するものが好ましい。この膜は、例えば特開平11-319522号公報や、特開平9-169867号公報、国際公開第2004/035180号パンフレットに開示される方法で製造することができる。
LRV=log10A-log10B
ただし A = ウイルス除去フィルターで濾過する前の溶液のウイルス濃度
B = ウイルス除去フィルターで濾過した後の溶液のウイルス濃度
[実施例1]
ウイルス除去フィルターとして、国際公開第2004/035180号パンフレット実施例1に示される方法に準じて、すなわち、600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つポリフッ化ビニリデンよりなる微多孔中空糸膜を、親水性ビニルモノマー(ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート)でグラフト率10%となるようグラフト重合させた親水化微多孔中空糸膜であって、開孔率が大きい粗大構造層が中空糸膜内表面に存在し、その厚みが7.0μmであり、これと一体化している開孔率が小さい緻密構造層の厚みが膜厚全体の80%である多層微多孔中空糸膜を有効膜面積0.001m2有するフィルターで、フィルター入口に600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つルアーロック式ノズルを有し、中空糸膜で容器内空間が入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られているウイルス除去フィルターを使用した。蛋白製剤中間製品のモデルとして、濃度30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(0.1M食塩水を溶媒とする)を用い、この溶液に、ブタパルボウイルス(PPV)液を0.5体積%添加し、35nmの孔径を有する中空糸フィルター(旭化成メディカル社製、PLANOVA(登録商標)35N)で前濾過を行なった。前濾過後の免疫グロブリン濃度は30mg/ml、PPVの濃度は6.1(TCID50/ml)であった。
このPPVを含む30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液を、上記濾過装置を用いて、294kPaの圧力でデッド-エンド(Dead-end)式濾過を5時間実施した。このとき、平均蛋白濾過速度は、濾過開始3時間後、4時間後、5時間後において、それぞれ1.9、1.9、1.8kg/m2/Hrであった。いずれの時点においても、1.0(kg/m2/Hr)以上の高速濾過の濾液で、ウイルス除去率を評価することができた。ウイルス除去率は、濾過開始後1時間までの濾液、3時間までの濾液、5時間までの濾液ともにLRV≧5.6となった。
ウイルス除去工程の運転条件として、蛋白製剤中間製品の蛋白質濃度30mg/ml、ウイルス除去フィルター入口圧力294kPa、濾過時間5時間以内、という条件を決定できた。
ウイルス除去フィルターとして、国際公開第2004/035180号パンフレット実施例1に示される方法に準じて、すなわち、600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つポリフッ化ビニリデンよりなる微多孔中空糸膜を、親水性ビニルポリマー(ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート)でグラフト率10%となるようグラフト重合させた親水化微多孔中空糸膜であって、開孔率が大きい粗大構造層が中空糸膜内表面に存在し、その厚みが7.0μmであり、これと一体化している開孔率が小さい緻密構造層の厚みが膜厚全体の80%である多層微多孔中空糸膜を有効膜面積0.001m2有するフィルターで、フィルター入口に600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つルアーロック式ノズルを有し、中空糸膜で容器内空間が入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られているウイルス除去フィルターを使用した。蛋白製剤中間製品のモデルとして、濃度30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(0.1M食塩水を溶媒とする)を用い、この溶液に、下記の3種のウイルス液をそれぞれ0.5体積%添加して3種類の溶液を作成した。それぞれの溶液を35nmの孔径を有する中空糸フィルター(旭化成メディカル社製、PLANOVA(登録商標)35N)で前濾過を行なった。
ウイルス溶液1) マウス白血病ウイルス(A-MuLV)(実施例2 ウイルス濃度5.0)
ウイルス溶液2) レオウイルス3型 (Reo-3)(実施例3 ウイルス濃度5.6)
ウイルス溶液3) マウス最小ウイルス (MVM)(実施例4 ウイルス濃度5.7)
これら3種の30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(ウイルス溶液を含む)を、上記ウイルス除去フィルターを用いて、ウイルス除去フィルター入口圧力294kPaの圧力でデッド-エンド(Dead-end)式濾過を5時間実施した。
(実施例3)Reo-3添加の場合、濾過開始後1時間、2時間、3時間、4時間、5時間までの濾過速度はそれぞれ、2.5、2.3、2.1、2.0、1.8kg/m2/Hrとなった。いずれの時点においても、1.0(kg/m2/Hr)以上の高速濾過の濾液で、ウイルス除去率を評価することができた。ウイルス除去率は、濾過開始後1時間までの濾液、3時間までの濾液、5時間までの濾液ともにLRV≧5.1となった。ウイルス除去工程の運転条件として、蛋白製剤中間製品の蛋白質濃度30mg/ml、ウイルス除去フィルター入口圧力294kPa、濾過時間5時間以内、という条件を決定できた。
(実施例4)MVM添加の場合、濾過開始後1時間、2時間、3時間、4時間、5時間までの濾過速度はそれぞれ、2.4、2.3、2.1、2.0、2.0kg/m2/Hrとなった。いずれの時点においても、1.0(kg/m2/Hr)以上の高速濾過の濾液で、ウイルス除去率を評価することができた。ウイルス除去率は、濾過開始後1時間までの濾液、3時間までの濾液、5時間までの濾液ともにLRV≧5.2となった。ウイルス除去工程の運転条件として、蛋白製剤中間製品の蛋白質濃度30mg/ml、ウイルス除去フィルター入口圧力294kPa、濾過時間5時間以内、という条件を決定できた。
ウイルス除去フィルターとして、100kPaの耐圧性を持つセルロースを材質とする、熱可塑性樹脂を含まない中空糸膜を用い、中空糸膜の入口と出口に600kPa以上の耐圧性を持たないタケノコ型のノズルを有し、有効膜面積0.001m2の中空糸膜で容器内空間が入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られている濾過装置(旭化成メディカル社製、Planova(登録商標)20N)を使用した。蛋白製剤中間製品のモデルとして、濃度30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(0.1M食塩水を溶媒とする)を用い、この溶液に、ブタパルボウイルス(PPV)液を0.5体積%添加し、35nmの孔径を有する中空糸フィルター(Planova(登録商標)35N)で前濾過を行なった。前濾過後の免疫グロブリン濃度は30mg/ml、PPVの濃度は5.9であった。
この30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(PPVを含む)を、上記ウイルス除去フィルターを用いて、セルロース膜にかけられる上限圧力98kPaの圧力でデッド-エンド(Dead-end)式濾過を5時間実施した。
その結果、ウイルス除去率は、濾過開始後1時間までの濾液、5時間までの濾液ともにLRV≧5.4となった。濾過速度は、濾過開始1時間後、5時間後において、それぞれ0.8、0.7kg/m2/Hrとなり、1.0kg/m2/Hrに満たなかった。結果として、蛋白製剤製造工程中のウイルス除去工程の運転条件を決定することができなかった。
ウイルス除去フィルターとして、600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つ親水化ポリフッ化ビニリデンを材質とする、特公平7-71624号公報の例Iに記載されている方法に準じて製造された、表面に緻密なスキン層を持ち、膜の厚さに対してその緻密構造層の厚さが20%以下の平膜を用い、平膜の入口にルアーロック式のノズルを有する、有効膜面積0.0003m2のフィルターで容器内空間が入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られている濾過装置を使用した。蛋白製剤中間製品のモデルとして、濃度30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(0.1M食塩水を溶媒とする)を用い、この溶液に、ブタパルボウイルス(PPV)液を0.5体積%添加し、35nmの孔径を有する中空糸フィルター(Planova(登録商標)35N)で前濾過を行なった。前濾過後の免疫グロブリン濃度は30mg/ml、PPVの濃度は5.2であった。
この30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(PPVを含む)を、上記ウイルス除去フィルターを用いて、294kPaの圧力でデッド-エンド(Dead-end)式濾過を5時間実施した。その結果、濾過開始後1時間までの濾液は、濾過速度が遅いため濾過体積が少なすぎて、ウイルス濃度の測定ができなかった。濾過開始後3時間までの濾液のウイルス除去率はLRV≧4.0となった。このとき、濾過量は、濾過開始3時間後において0.09kg/m2で、1時間平均の濾過速度は0.03kg/m2/Hrとなり、1.0kg/m2/Hrに満たなかった。
結果として、蛋白製剤製造工程中のウイルス除去工程の運転条件を決定することができなかった。
ウイルス除去フィルターとして、国際公開第2004/035180号パンフレット実施例1に示される方法に準じてすなわち、600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つポリフッ化ビニリデンよりなる微多孔中空糸膜と、親水性ビニルポリマー(ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート)でグラフト率10%となるようグラフト重合させた粗大構造層のみからなる微多孔中空糸膜を有効膜面積0.001m2有するフィルターで、フィルター入口に600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つルアーロック式ノズルを有し、中空糸膜で容器内空間が入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られているウイルス除去フィルターを使用した。蛋白製剤中間製品のモデルとして、濃度30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(0.1M食塩水を溶媒とする)を用い、この溶液に、ブタパルボウイルス(PPV)液を0.5体積%添加した。PPVの濃度は6.0であった。この30mg/mlのヒト免疫グロブリンG溶液(PPVを含む)を、上記ウイルス除去フィルターを用いて、294kPaの圧力でデッド-エンド(Dead-end)式濾過を5時間実施した。平均蛋白濾過速度は、濾過開始1時間後、3時間後、5時間後において、それぞれ2.3、2.2、2.0kg/m2/Hrであった。濾過開始後1時間までの濾液、3時間前の濾液、5時間までの濾液ともにウイルス除去率はLRV=0.5となり、LRV≧3を満たさなかった。結果として、蛋白製剤製造工程中のウイルス除去工程の運転条件を決定することができなかった。
Claims (12)
- ウイルス除去フィルターに蛋白製剤中間製品を所定の蛋白質濃度および圧力で流す濾過方法において、
(1)蛋白製剤中間製品の入口と出口を夫々少なくとも一つ有する容器とウイルスを除去するためのウイルス除去膜とを有し、容器内空間がウイルス除去膜によって蛋白製剤中間製品の入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られており、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口、出口のうち少なくとも入口は600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つ嵌合構造のノズルであり、ウイルス除去膜の有効膜面積が0.0001m2以上0.03m2以下であるウイルス除去フィルターを用い、
(2)該ウイルス除去フィルターに、精製工程により蛋白質濃度が20mg/ml以上100mg/ml以下に高められた蛋白製剤中間製品を、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口圧力が150kPa以上600kPa以下、平均蛋白濾過速度が1.0kg/m2/Hr以上の条件で、濾過時間として1時間以上5時間以下流し、
(3)ウイルス除去率LRV≧3の蛋白製剤中間製品の濾液を得る
濾過方法。 - 請求項1に記載のウイルス除去フィルターに、
(4)精製工程により蛋白質濃度が20mg/ml以上100mg/ml以下に高められた蛋白製剤中間製品を、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口圧力が150kPa以上600kPa以下、平均蛋白濾過速度が1.0kg/m2/Hr以上の条件で、濾過時間として3時間以上5時間以下流し、
(5)ウイルス除去率LRV≧3の蛋白製剤中間製品の濾液を得る
請求項1に記載の濾過方法。 - ウイルスが、パルボウイルス科、レトロウイルス科、フラビウイルス科、レオウイルス科、パラミクソウイルス科、ヘルペスウイルス科、ピコルナウイルス科、パポーバウイルス科のいずれかより選択されるウイルスである請求項1または2に記載の濾過方法。
- 蛋白製剤中間製品中の蛋白質が、免疫グロブリンである請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の濾過方法。
- 免疫グロブリンが、免疫グロブリンGである請求項4に記載の濾過方法。
- ウイルス除去膜が、親水化された合成高分子よりなる請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の濾過方法。
- ウイルス除去膜が、中空糸型ウイルス除去膜である請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の濾過方法。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の濾過方法の蛋白質濃度および入口圧力条件を、スケールアップしたときの運転条件として採用する方法。
- 更に、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の濾過方法の濾過時間を、スケールアップしたときの運転条件として採用する請求項8に記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至7いずれかに記載の濾過方法に用いられるウイルス除去フィルターであって、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口と出口を夫々少なくとも一つ有する容器とウイルスを除去するためのウイルス除去膜とを有し、容器内空間がウイルス除去膜によって蛋白製剤中間製品の入口側空間と出口側空間に仕切られており、蛋白製剤中間製品の入口、出口のうち少なくとも入口は600kPa以上の耐圧性を持つ嵌合構造のノズルであり、ウイルス除去膜の有効膜面積が0.0001m2以上0.03m2以下であるウイルス除去フィルター。
- ウイルス除去膜が、中空糸型ウイルス除去膜である請求項10に記載のウイルス除去フィルター。
- ウイルス除去膜が、開孔率が大きい粗大構造層と、開孔率が小さい緻密構造層を有する、熱可塑性樹脂を含む微多孔膜であって、該粗大構造層が少なくとも一方の膜表面に存在し、その厚みが5.0μm以上であり、該緻密構造層の厚みが膜厚全体の50%以上であって、かつ該粗大構造層と該緻密構造層が一体化している多層微多孔膜である請求項10または11に記載のウイルス除去フィルター。
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| EP09750327A EP2281624A4 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2009-04-30 | filtering process |
| JP2010512924A JP5403827B2 (ja) | 2008-05-22 | 2009-04-30 | 濾過方法 |
| CN2009801186626A CN102036740A (zh) | 2008-05-22 | 2009-04-30 | 过滤方法 |
| US12/993,512 US9272245B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2009-04-30 | Filtration method |
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| EP (1) | EP2281624A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5403827B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102036740A (ja) |
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| EP2545986A4 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2015-05-06 | Toyo Boseki | Porous, hollow fiber membrane for the treatment of a protein-containing liquid |
| JPWO2020202831A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | ||
| EP4327919A1 (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2024-02-28 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Porous film |
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| EP2769761A1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-27 | Gambro Lundia AB | Virus filter |
| US9926420B2 (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2018-03-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Hydrophilic fluoroplastic substrates |
| WO2018107099A1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | Lonza Ltd | Method for the reduction of viral titer in pharmaceuticals |
| WO2021046182A1 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-11 | Repligen Corporation | Scale-down tangential flow depth filtration systems and methods of filtration using same |
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| EP2545986A4 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2015-05-06 | Toyo Boseki | Porous, hollow fiber membrane for the treatment of a protein-containing liquid |
| US9492794B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2016-11-15 | Toyobo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | Porous hollow fiber membrane for treatment of protein-containing liquid |
| JPWO2020202831A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | ||
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| EP4327919A1 (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2024-02-28 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Porous film |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9272245B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
| EP2281624A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| TWI371293B (ja) | 2012-09-01 |
| CN102036740A (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
| EP2281624A4 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| JPWO2009141965A1 (ja) | 2011-09-29 |
| TW201006517A (en) | 2010-02-16 |
| JP5403827B2 (ja) | 2014-01-29 |
| US20110166326A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
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