WO2009034126A2 - Metallwerkstoffe mit hybrid-stabilisierter oxidschicht, verfahren zu der herstellung sowie deren verwendung - Google Patents
Metallwerkstoffe mit hybrid-stabilisierter oxidschicht, verfahren zu der herstellung sowie deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009034126A2 WO2009034126A2 PCT/EP2008/062046 EP2008062046W WO2009034126A2 WO 2009034126 A2 WO2009034126 A2 WO 2009034126A2 EP 2008062046 W EP2008062046 W EP 2008062046W WO 2009034126 A2 WO2009034126 A2 WO 2009034126A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxide layer
- hybrid
- stabilized
- stabilized oxide
- nanopores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/04—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/02—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with organic materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to metal materials with hybrid-stabilized oxide layer, process for their preparation and their use, in particular for the production of highly stable difficult to wet objects.
- Ultra- or superhydrophobicity refers to a property profile of solid surfaces characterized by extremely low surface energy, extremely reduced wettability by water, and greatly reduced adsorption and adhesion properties due to the interaction of suitable morphological and chemical properties.
- ⁇ With metrological characterization of the contact angles ⁇ , values of over 150 ° occur, together with a negligible hysteresis (difference between the dynamically measurable progression and retraction angles, ⁇ a ⁇ ⁇ r).
- UH represents a way to provide surfaces with self-cleaning properties that allow for an extremely simplified clean-up of air-contacted and dirt-deposited surfaces by completely eliminating the use of surface-active cleaning agents (surfactants) as well as mechanical support. For outdoor applications, cleaning may already be by precipitation.
- the UH can be established by appropriate surface modification both in inherently already more or less hydrophobic polymers as well as on ceramics and metals, which are naturally hydrophilic in nature.
- WO 00/72777 A1 preferably relates to anodically oxidized dental implants of Ti and drug delivery of bone growth promoting substances, again using the oxide pores.
- modification methods proposed after the anodization mention will be made, on the one hand, of dipping, dripping or brushing; On the other hand, the use of electrical fields or setting of voltages is addressed, which refers to charge ratios in the substances to be deposited.
- the specification JP 6306684 (1994) employs a modified solution composition intended to provide improved adhesion of the subsequently applied corrosion resistant coating.
- US 2005 0178664 A1 provides for the anodization the addition of a silane together with a surfactant in the aqueous system.
- thermosetting acrylic resin is applied following the anodic oxide layer formation and the compaction, in which likewise an increased protective effect, but not ultrahydrophobic properties, are desired.
- DE 39 00 169 (1989) represents an older example of the fact that the densification which usually takes place following the anodic layer formation can be combined with an impregnation which resorts to long-chain organically modified acids and thus leads to improved protection against atmospheric corrosion but not reached ultrahydrophobic properties.
- JP 07003194 (1995) also aims at a water-repellent treatment; Here, a high-gloss polymer coating is applied to an unspecified AI substrate.
- JP 2004068104 A 20040304 provides an inorganic based post-treatment with a zirconium compound in which the presence of sulfate anions in the anodic layer plays a role.
- DE 103 38 HO Al discloses a chitosan-coated metallic article by cathodically supported chitosan deposition from acidic solution. This relevant for biomedical purposes chitosan deposition takes place on bare metals, which are only provided with air-formed oxide films in the lower nanometer range. According to DE 103 38 110 Al, the target point is the production of dense layers, without that ultrahydrophobic properties should be formed.
- metal materials with functionalized surfaces or surface coatings There is still a high demand for metal materials with functionalized surfaces or surface coatings. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide metal materials with hybrid layers as a three-dimensional composite of inorganic and organic components, which are particularly suitable for the production of highly stable and / or difficult to wet objects.
- the object is achieved by metal materials with a hybrid-stabilized oxide layer, in which the oxide layer has a columnar or columnar oxide layer structure with nanopores and in which long-chain polymers are permanently incorporated as a separate phase in the pore space of the nanopores or with the adjacent to the pores Material zones of the oxide are firmly connected and form a mixed phase.
- the metals consist of Al, Zr, Ti or their alloys with low alloy metal contents.
- the oxide layer is formed by anodic oxidation in acidic media with a sufficiently high resolving power, but in detail but different compositions and has a thickness greater than 0.5 microns.
- Particularly preferred are as metal aluminum and their alloys with low alloying metal contents, such as. Al MgI, Al MgSiO.5. Characteristic of this is a columnar or columnar structure with nanopores, which are arranged in the center of the individual columns and whose diameter is depending on the manufacturing conditions in the submicrometer range. This is z.
- the oxide layer undergoes stabilization, which is particularly important for the sensitive micro-rough surface layer of difficult-to-wet objects.
- the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer allows a covalent and therefore firm connection of coatings with different properties.
- the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer is provided with a polymeric coating which is covalently bound to the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer.
- the oxide layer of the metal materials according to the invention has a microrough surface morphology and nanopores, whereby long-chain polymers are permanently embedded in the previously generated pore space of the nanopores to form a separate phase or form a mixed phase (molecularly dispersive) with the material zones adjoining the pores.
- This hybrid-stabilized oxide layer is provided with a hydrophobic coating that does not significantly change the surface morphology of the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer.
- the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer allows the covalent and thus firm binding of the hydrophobic coating.
- the permanent incorporation of the long-chain polymers can be achieved by the use of polyanionic as well as polycationic polymers in different ways, wherein the inclusion can take place both in the adjoining the pore space edge of the solid material (molecular dispersion, mixed phase), or it can be to form a separate Phase take place in pre-formed pore space. On the one hand, this can be achieved by polyanionic polymers with an acid residue of high dissociation ability simultaneously with the anodic oxidation in acidic media.
- the long-chain polymers form with the nanopores adjacent oxide material zones of the oxide a mixed phase.
- Typical substance groups or representatives are a) sulfated chitosan, chondroitin sulfate and heparin as sulfate-esterified glycosaminoglycans, b) cellulose sulfates and dextran sulfates as polyglucans, c) polyvinyl sulfate as fully synthetic polymer and d) the PTFE-based ionomer Naf ⁇ on®, the sulfonic acid groups in the side chains of the fluorinated polymer strand.
- polycationic polymers in a step downstream of the oxide formation, can be used which are precipitated as insoluble compounds in the case of cathodic polarization and the associated alkalization in the phase boundary region.
- An important representative for this is the chitosan.
- the hydrophobic coating consists of a crosslinked with the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer covalently! Poly (octadecene-old-maleic anhydride), POMA for short.
- dialdehydes eg glutaraldehyde
- diepoxides dicarboxylic acids and their carboxylic acid derivatives (eg dicarboxylic acid anhydrides)
- diisocyanates and compounds containing more than two oxirane, carboxylic acid derivative, aldehyde or isocyanate units possess improved strength properties are achieved with the polymeric coating.
- metal materials with a hybrid-stabilized oxide layer are produced by electrochemical means such that the oxide layer is formed by anodic oxidation in an acidic medium and constructed like a columnar structure and provided with nanopores and that during or after the formation of the oxide layer electrochemical polyionic, long-chain Polymers permanently embedded in this layer
- the metals according to the invention consist of Al, Zr, Ti or their alloys with low levels of alloying elements, such as. Al MgI or Al MgSiO, 5.
- an oxide layer with columnar or columnar structure and central nanopores produced.
- the negative charge of the long-chain polymers leads to a migration in the electric field within the solution and surprisingly inclusion of these polymer substances in the material zones of the oxide, which are directly adjacent to the space of the nanopores. This forms an inorganic-organic mixed phase.
- the specific feature of the combined anodic step described above is the use of polyanionic polymers having an acid residue of high dissociation ability.
- Typical substance groups or representatives are a) sulfated chitosan, chondroitin sulfate and heparin as sulfate-esterified glycosaminoglycans, b) cellulose sulfates and dextran sulfates as polyglucans, c) polyvinyl sulfate as fully synthetic polymer and d) PTFE-based ionomer Naf ⁇ on®, the sulfonic acid groups in the side chains of the fluorine-substituted polymer strand.
- a further improvement is achieved by precrosslinking the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer with epichlorohydrin, dialdehydes (eg glutaraldehyde), diepoxides, dicarboxylic acids and their carboxylic acid derivatives (eg dicarboxylic acid anhydrides), diisocyanates and compounds containing more than two oxirane, carboxylic acid derivative , Aldehyde or isocyanate units have reached.
- an oxide layer with microrough surface morphology is produced by intensified anodic oxidation in acidic medium.
- long-chain polymers such as those mentioned above are electrochemically incorporated into the oxide layer.
- the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer is coated with a hydrophobic polymer that does not significantly alter the surface morphology of the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer, which binds and cross-links to the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer.
- the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer allows the covalent and thus firm binding of the hydrophobic coating.
- the thin-film-forming modification of the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer is achieved with a hydrophobicizing, mono- or polymeric substance which binds covalently to the chitosan-containing, oxidic substrate.
- a hydrophobicizing, mono- or polymeric substance which binds covalently to the chitosan-containing, oxidic substrate.
- Suitable are known hydrophobic coatings that do not alter the hybrid-stabilized oxide layer.
- Particular preference is given to the use of reactive or bifunctional polymers such as alkylene-maleic anhydride and vinylaryl-maleic anhydride copolymers or their carboxylic acid derivatives (for example poly (octadecene-maleic anhydride), POMA for short).
- alkylene-maleic anhydride and vinylaryl-maleic anhydride copolymers or their carboxylic acid derivatives eg., Poly (octadecene-maleic anhydride)
- alkylene-maleic anhydride and vinylaryl-maleic anhydride copolymers or their carboxylic acid derivatives eg., Poly (octadecene-maleic anhydride)
- the metallic materials according to the invention having a hydrophobic coating are particularly suitable for the production of articles having surfaces which are difficult to wet, as may be desired, for example, for microfluidic applications or in the construction sector. Their improved surface stability is particularly advantageous.
- FIG. 1 Schematic representation of the layer structure for anodic, nanoporous aluminum oxides [Nielsch K .: highly ordered ferromagnetic nano-rod ensembles, electrochemical preparation and magnetic characterization. Dissertation, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg (2002).]
- FIG. 2 SEM image of a hybrid-stabilized oxide layer on Al MgI.
- Fig. 3 recording a polished cross section of a hybrid-stabilized oxide layer
- a sheet sample of the low alloy aluminum material Al MgI (EN AW-5005) with the dimensions 26x38x1 mm 3 is pickled in sodium hydroxide solution of concentration 1 mol / 1 at room temperature for 10 min, rinsed with water, dekapiert in 1 mol / 1 HNO 3 for 2 min and again rinsed and temporarily stored in water.
- a solution of 2.0 mo 1/1 H2SO4 and 0.1 mo 1/1 Al 2 (SO 4) S and a platinum foil counter electrode (the anodic oxidation at (40 ⁇ l) 0 C, a current density of 30 ⁇ 2) mA / cm 2 and carried out under stirring for a period of 1200 s.
- the sample is rinsed for a few minutes under running water and kept under water or in a desiccator to avoid atmospheric contamination.
- the dry surface is now evenly dull in appearance.
- chitosan powder of medium chain length (degree of deacetylation 85%) is dissolved in 1% acetic acid under the influence of ultrasound.
- the pH is 3.8-4.0.
- the surface is covered with excess, loosely adhering chitosan, which can be rinsed off with ultrapure water.
- Scanning electron microscopy reveals a surface morphology consisting of mountain-like ridges (FIG. 2), which was also characterized by AFM measurements and which does not reveal any disadvantageous morphological changes due to the chitosan deposition.
- the polished transverse section in FIG. 3 with the contrast-enhancing Cu-coated oxide layer surface confirms this statement.
- the sheet sample is dried at 40 ° C. and 5 mbar for 2 hours.
- the sample is then immediately Hyrophobi für amide and crosslinking in a 0.1% solution of poly (octadecene-alt-maleic anhydride) into acetone and immersed in this solution for 0.5 h, then rinsed and dried at 120 0 C for 3 h tempered.
- FIG. 4 compares typical results in connection with the abrasion stress and a rolling test for with and without chitosan-stabilized oxide layer. Without chitosan, droplets adhere to circular areas after> 100 mN load (FIG. 4a), with chitosan droplets roll off after 500 mN load (FIG. 4b), so that the chitosan intermediate treatment proves to be advantageous for the mechanical properties.
- the treatment can also be carried out on pure aluminum (EN AW-1050, -1090) or Al-Mg-Si alloy Al MgSiO, 5 (EN AW-6060); other sample shapes and sizes can also be used.
- a sheet sample of the aluminum material Al MgI (EN AW-5005) is pickled in 1 mol / 1 sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature for 10 min, rinsed with water, dekapiert in 1 mol / 1 FINO 3 for 2 min and rinsed again.
- the above anodization solution is added at 40 0 C 0.5-1% triturated sulfated chitosan and dissolved.
- the anodic oxidation and the chemical modification / crosslinking are carried out as described above.
- the dynamic contact angle measurement was carried out at 5-10 points of the sample surface at 10-20 measuring points of the contact angle per drop. It is measured advancement angle of about 153 ° and retreat angle of about 150 °.
- Example 1 The sheet metal sample of the aluminum material is anodized as in Example 1 or 2 and chitosan is applied either as in Example 1 in a second step or as in Example 2 (sulfated chitosan) in the first step.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112008002441.3T DE112008002441B4 (de) | 2007-09-11 | 2008-09-11 | Metallwerkstoffe mit hybrid-stabilisierter Oxidschicht, Verfahren zu der Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007044159A DE102007044159A1 (de) | 2007-09-11 | 2007-09-11 | Metallwerkstoffe mit hybrid-stabilisierter Oxidschicht, Verfahren zu der Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
| DE102007044159.4 | 2007-09-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009034126A2 true WO2009034126A2 (de) | 2009-03-19 |
| WO2009034126A3 WO2009034126A3 (de) | 2009-12-17 |
Family
ID=40340163
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/062046 Ceased WO2009034126A2 (de) | 2007-09-11 | 2008-09-11 | Metallwerkstoffe mit hybrid-stabilisierter oxidschicht, verfahren zu der herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (2) | DE102007044159A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009034126A2 (de) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012008214A1 (de) | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Leibniz-Institut Für Polymerforschung Dresden E.V. | Verfahren zur Oberflächenmodifizierung von Bauteilen sowie Verfahren zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung von Bauteilen |
| CN109267135A (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-01-25 | 上海交通大学 | 一种三维网络互穿有机/无机疏水涂层及其制备方法 |
| CN118272895A (zh) * | 2024-05-23 | 2024-07-02 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | 镁合金复合涂层及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012217693A1 (de) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verwendung eines polymeren Korrosionsinhibitors zur Behandlung von Metalloberflächen |
| CH707176A1 (fr) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-15 | Frédéric Gonzales | Céramique active. |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1134000A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | 1968-11-20 | Gen Motors Corp | Electrophoretic sealing of anodized aluminium |
| DE3900169A1 (de) | 1989-01-05 | 1990-07-12 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zum impraegnieren anodisch erzeugter oberflaechen von aluminium |
| JPH06306684A (ja) | 1993-04-21 | 1994-11-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 塗膜密着性と塗装後耐食性に優れた表面処理AlまたはAl合金板の製造方法 |
| JPH073194A (ja) | 1993-06-17 | 1995-01-06 | Showa Highpolymer Co Ltd | ビニル/シリコーン系ブロック共重合体及びアルミ用高光沢電着塗料 |
| JPH07316564A (ja) | 1994-05-23 | 1995-12-05 | Sanai Fujita | 廃油の処理装置及び処理方法 |
| CA2140117A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-10 | Hiroyuki Tanabe | Coated aluminum material |
| JPH1025469A (ja) | 1996-07-09 | 1998-01-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 撥水性表面構造およびその形成方法 |
| US5980723A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-11-09 | Jude Runge-Marchese | Electrochemical deposition of a composite polymer metal oxide |
| DE19746053B4 (de) | 1997-10-17 | 2006-11-16 | Erlus Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Selbstreinigungseigenschaft von Oberflächen, insbesondere an Dachziegeln, sowie keramischer Körper mit selbstreinigender Oberfläche |
| DE19860137C2 (de) * | 1998-12-24 | 2002-07-18 | Sunyx Surface Nanotechnologies | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer ultraphoben Oberfläche auf Basis von strukturiertem Aluminium und deren Verwendung |
| SE514323C2 (sv) * | 1999-05-31 | 2001-02-12 | Nobel Biocare Ab | Implantat samt förfarande och användning vid implantat |
| DE19944169B4 (de) | 1999-09-15 | 2006-02-16 | Georg Gros | Mittel zur Herstellung von selbstreinigenden dünnen Oberflächenbeschichtungen und dafür geeignete Verfahren |
| DE10028772B4 (de) | 2000-06-07 | 2005-03-17 | Technische Universität Dresden | Aluminiumwerkstoff mit ultrahydrophober Oberfläche, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Verwendung |
| JP3938528B2 (ja) | 2002-08-05 | 2007-06-27 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 塗料組成物、塗料組成物を用いた耐摩耗性被覆膜の製造方法および塗料組成物からなる耐摩耗性被覆膜 |
| JP2004068104A (ja) | 2002-08-08 | 2004-03-04 | Soken:Kk | マイナスイオン発生体及びその製造方法 |
| US7883615B2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2011-02-08 | University Of Maryland, College Park | Controlled electrochemical deposition of polysaccharide films and hydrogels, and materials formed therefrom |
| TW200502432A (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-16 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Inorganic-organic composite-treated zinc-plated steel sheet |
| CA2536765A1 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-17 | Decoma International Inc. | Protective coating for automotive trim pieces and method of making the same |
| DE10338110A1 (de) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-03-10 | Biomet Deutschland Gmbh | Mit Chitosan beschichteter metallischer Gegenstand sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| US7488343B2 (en) * | 2003-09-16 | 2009-02-10 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Medical devices |
| US7780838B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2010-08-24 | Chemetall Gmbh | Method of anodizing metallic surfaces |
| DE102005060734A1 (de) | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-22 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Antihaftschicht aus vernetzten Nanopartikeln |
| DE102005005858A1 (de) | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Metallblech, insbesondere Zinkblech |
-
2007
- 2007-09-11 DE DE102007044159A patent/DE102007044159A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-09-11 WO PCT/EP2008/062046 patent/WO2009034126A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-09-11 DE DE112008002441.3T patent/DE112008002441B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012008214A1 (de) | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Leibniz-Institut Für Polymerforschung Dresden E.V. | Verfahren zur Oberflächenmodifizierung von Bauteilen sowie Verfahren zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung von Bauteilen |
| CN109267135A (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-01-25 | 上海交通大学 | 一种三维网络互穿有机/无机疏水涂层及其制备方法 |
| CN109267135B (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-11-06 | 上海交通大学 | 一种三维网络互穿有机/无机疏水涂层及其制备方法 |
| CN118272895A (zh) * | 2024-05-23 | 2024-07-02 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | 镁合金复合涂层及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009034126A3 (de) | 2009-12-17 |
| DE102007044159A1 (de) | 2009-03-12 |
| DE112008002441A5 (de) | 2010-09-16 |
| DE112008002441B4 (de) | 2020-01-16 |
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