WO2009033599A1 - Method for the operation of a fuel cell - Google Patents
Method for the operation of a fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009033599A1 WO2009033599A1 PCT/EP2008/007216 EP2008007216W WO2009033599A1 WO 2009033599 A1 WO2009033599 A1 WO 2009033599A1 EP 2008007216 W EP2008007216 W EP 2008007216W WO 2009033599 A1 WO2009033599 A1 WO 2009033599A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- turbine
- water
- air flow
- turbine wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04171—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal using adsorbents, wicks or hydrophilic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
- H01M2250/407—Combination of fuel cells with mechanical energy generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell, in particular for use in a motor vehicle.
- Fuel cells especially for use in motor vehicles, are usually vented in operation with an air flow from a compressor.
- a required back pressure can be generated by a back pressure flap on the fuel cell.
- a better way to generate the back pressure is the arrangement of a turbine in the emerging from the fuel cell air flow, by means of which a part of the drive energy for the compressor can be recovered.
- the problem is that the air stream leaving the fuel cell is laden with water vapor and condensed water as the reaction product of the oxidation processes in the fuel cell and the condensed water droplets can lead to erosion of the blades of the turbine wheel.
- the problem gets worse as the speed of the turbine increases.
- the problem of water condensation in cold start phases is particularly great. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved method for operating a fuel cell.
- an air flow is passed through the fuel cell and then fed to a turbine with at least one turbine wheel.
- the air flow is withdrawn in a dehumidification area between the fuel cell and the turbine wheel water.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a turbine with a cutting direction perpendicular to a rotation axis, wherein an air ⁇ current in a dehumidifying area in front of a door ⁇ binenrad is rotated and a wall between the dehumidifying and a collection chamber is porous
- 2 shows the turbine of Figure 1, in which a hygroscopic material is additionally arranged in the collecting space,
- FIG. 3 shows a turbine similar to that shown in FIG. 1, in which the wall is provided with drip openings;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the turbine of Figure 1 with the cutting direction along the axis of rotation
- FIG. 5 shows a fuel cell with a compressor and a turbine.
- FIG. 1 shows a turbine 1 in which an air flow L is fed to a turbine wheel 2 which is provided with blades 3 and is rotatable about a rotation axis 4.
- a dehumidifying region 5 upstream of the turbine wheel 2 in the airflow L is spirally shaped so that the airflow L is set in rotation.
- Condensed water in the air stream for example from a fuel cell (not shown) upstream of the turbine 1 in the air flow L, settles on a wall 6 between the dehumidifying area 5 and a collecting space 7 due to inertia. While the wall 6 is formed of a porous material, an outer wall 8 of the collecting space 7 is designed gas-tight.
- the Po ⁇ rosity of the wall 6 leads to a capillary action, whereby the water attached to the wall 6 is transported following a concentration gradient in the collecting space 7, from which it flows through a drain opening 9 of gravity g following.
- the porosity of the wall 7 can be achieved by sintered materials with metallic and / or ceramic components.
- the capillary action can be achieved by means of radially directed capillary channels. Ideally, these capillary channels are tubular with a very small diameter.
- FIG. 2 shows the turbine 1 from FIG. 1, in which a hygroscopic material 10 is additionally arranged in the collecting space 7.
- a moisture or a water vapor pressure in the collecting space 7 is reduced so that the concentration gradient increases in order to improve the water transport through the wall and / or to accelerate.
- the hygroscopic material 10 may be a solid and / or fill the collecting space 7 partially or completely.
- silica gel may be used as the hygroscopic material 10.
- FIG. 3 shows a turbine 1 is shown in Figure 1 ge Service ⁇ th similar, in which the wall is not formed porous 6, but is provided with water-catching openings 11, passes through the water to the centrifugal force as following in the collecting space.
- a hygroscopic material 10 may be arranged in the collecting space 7.
- FIG 4 shows a sectional view of the turbine 1 of Figure 1 with the cutting direction along the rotational axis 4.
- the turbine 1 is formed as a Axialschieberturbine with an adjustable Matri ⁇ ze 12, by means of which an effective amount of the spectacle ⁇ feln 3 or authoritative narrowest cross-sections in a turbine guide grid with a vane 13 can be adjusted.
- the turbine wheel 2 is a roller wheel with a constant Diameter in the outer contour.
- the water emerging from the drain opening 9 is fed to a collecting container, not shown.
- the collecting space 7 is designed to be cold-insulating in relation to the dehumidifying area 5 in order to counteract the problem of condensation and, as a result, erosion on the blades 3 of the turbine wheel 2.
- FIG. 5 shows a fuel cell 14 with a compressor 15 and a turbine 1.
- the air flow L is generated by compression and supplied to the fuel cell 14.
- the air flow L takes up water as a reaction product and is forwarded to the turbine 1 on.
- water is removed from the air stream L, as described in FIGS. 1 to 4.
- the water is supplied to the sump 16 where it is maintained within a predetermined level of water level by a controlled discharge valve 17. Blowing gas or water vapor into an environment will generally not occur during normal operation in view of efficiency, whereby the increased pressure in the dehumidifying region 5 and in the collecting space 7 will differ only slightly.
- the gas pressure is therefore used to effect a controlled partial draining of Sam ⁇ mel mattersers 16th
- a Wär ⁇ exchanger 18 or a heater to the sump 16 is provided. Also, the collection chamber 7 may be heated.
- the compressor 15 is driven by means of an electric motor 19.
- the turbine 1 also contributes to the drive of the compressor 15.
- the electric motor is fed via an inverter 20 with energy from the fuel cell 14.
- a controller 21 is provided for controlling and / or regulating the fuel cell 14, the adjustable die 12, the heat exchanger 18 and the heater and the outlet valve.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennstoffzelle Method for operating a fuel cell
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennstoffzelle, insbesondere zur Verwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell, in particular for use in a motor vehicle.
Brennstoffzellen, insbesondere zur Verwendung in Kraftfahrzeugen, werden im Betrieb gewöhnlich mit einem Luftstrom aus einem Kompressor belüftet. Ein erforderlicher Gegendruck kann durch eine Gegendruckklappe an der Brennstoffzelle erzeugt werden. Eine bessere Möglichkeit zur Erzeugung des Gegendrucks ist die Anordnung einer Turbine im aus der Brennstoffzelle austretenden Luftstrom, mittels derer ein Teil der Antriebsenergie für den Kompressor zurück gewonnen werden kann. Problematisch ist, dass der aus der Brennstoffzelle austretende Luftstrom mit Wasserdampf und auskondensiertem Wasser als Reaktionsprodukt der Oxidationsvorgänge in der Brennstoffzelle befrachtet ist und die auskondensierten Wassertropfen zu einer Erosion der Schaufeln des Turbinenrads führen können. Die Folge kann eine Verschlechterung des Wirkungsgrads und der Zuverlässigkeit der Turbine sein, da durch ungleichmäßige Erosion Unwuchten verursacht werden, die La¬ gerschäden nach sich ziehen können. Das Problem verschärft sich mit zunehmender Drehzahl der Turbine. Besonders groß ist das Problem der Wasserkondensation in Kaltstartphasen. Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennstoffzelle anzugeben.Fuel cells, especially for use in motor vehicles, are usually vented in operation with an air flow from a compressor. A required back pressure can be generated by a back pressure flap on the fuel cell. A better way to generate the back pressure is the arrangement of a turbine in the emerging from the fuel cell air flow, by means of which a part of the drive energy for the compressor can be recovered. The problem is that the air stream leaving the fuel cell is laden with water vapor and condensed water as the reaction product of the oxidation processes in the fuel cell and the condensed water droplets can lead to erosion of the blades of the turbine wheel. The result, a deterioration in the efficiency and reliability of the turbine to be, as caused by uneven erosion imbalances that can pull gerschäden according to La ¬. The problem gets worse as the speed of the turbine increases. The problem of water condensation in cold start phases is particularly great. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved method for operating a fuel cell.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche .Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennstoffzelle wird ein Luftstrom durch die Brennstoffzelle geleitet und anschließend einer Turbine mit mindestens einem Turbinenrad zugeführt. Dem Luftstrom wird in einem Entfeuchtungsbereich zwischen der Brennstoffzelle und dem Turbinenrad Wasser entzogen. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, dass auskondensierte Wassertropfen das Turbinenrad bzw. dessen Schaufeln erodieren und in der Folge Unwuchten des Turbinenrads entstehen und eine Lagerung des Turbinenrads Schaden nimmt.In the method according to the invention for operating a fuel cell, an air flow is passed through the fuel cell and then fed to a turbine with at least one turbine wheel. The air flow is withdrawn in a dehumidification area between the fuel cell and the turbine wheel water. In this way it is avoided that condensed water droplets erode the turbine wheel or its blades and as a result imbalances of the turbine wheel occur and a bearing of the turbine wheel is damaged.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Dabei zeigen:Showing:
Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht einer Turbine mit Schnittrichtung senkrecht zu einer Drehachse, wobei ein Luft¬ strom in einem Entfeuchtungsbereich vor einem Tur¬ binenrad in Rotation versetzt wird und eine Wandung zwischen dem Entfeuchtungsbereich und einem Sammel- raum porös ausgebildet ist, Fig. 2 die Turbine aus Figur 1, bei der zusätzlich im Sammelraum ein hygroskopisches Material angeordnet ist,1 is a sectional view of a turbine with a cutting direction perpendicular to a rotation axis, wherein an air ¬ current in a dehumidifying area in front of a door ¬ binenrad is rotated and a wall between the dehumidifying and a collection chamber is porous, 2 shows the turbine of Figure 1, in which a hygroscopic material is additionally arranged in the collecting space,
Fig. 3 eine Turbine ähnlich der in Figur 1 gezeigten, bei der die Wandung mit Wasserfang-Öffnungen versehen ist,FIG. 3 shows a turbine similar to that shown in FIG. 1, in which the wall is provided with drip openings;
Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht der Turbine aus Figur 1 mit Schnittrichtung längs der Drehachse, und4 is a sectional view of the turbine of Figure 1 with the cutting direction along the axis of rotation, and
Fig. 5 eine Brennstoffzelle mit einem Verdichter und einer Turbine.5 shows a fuel cell with a compressor and a turbine.
Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.
In Figur 1 ist eine Turbine 1 gezeigt, in der ein Luftstrom L einem Turbinenrad 2 zugeführt wird, das mit Schaufeln 3 versehen und um eine Drehachse 4 rotierbar ist. Ein dem Turbinenrad 2 im Luftstrom L vorgelagerter Entfeuchtungsbereich 5 ist spiralförmig so gestaltet, dass der Luftstrom L in Rotation versetzt wird. Im Luftstrom befindliches auskondensiertes Wasser, beispielsweise aus einer der Turbine 1 im Luftstrom L vorgelagerten Brennstoffzelle (nicht gezeigt) , setzt sich infolge von Trägheit an einer Wandung 6 zwischen dem Entfeuchtungsbereich 5 und einem Sammelraum 7 ab. Während die Wandung 6 aus einem porösen Material gebildet ist, ist eine Außenwandung 8 des Sammelraums 7 gasdicht gestaltet. Die Po¬ rosität der Wandung 6 führt zu einer Kapillarwirkung, wodurch das an der Wandung 6 angelagerte Wasser einem Konzentrationsgefälle folgend in den Sammelraum 7 transportiert wird, aus dem es durch eine Abflussöffnung 9 der Schwerkraft g folgend abfließt. Die Porosität der Wandung 7 kann durch Sinterwerkstoffe mit metallischen und/oder keramischen Komponenten erreicht werden. Die Kapillarwirkung kann mittels radial gerichteter Kapillarkanäle erreicht werden. Idealerweise sind diese Kapillarkanäle rohrförmig mit sehr kleinem Durchmesser gebildet.FIG. 1 shows a turbine 1 in which an air flow L is fed to a turbine wheel 2 which is provided with blades 3 and is rotatable about a rotation axis 4. A dehumidifying region 5 upstream of the turbine wheel 2 in the airflow L is spirally shaped so that the airflow L is set in rotation. Condensed water in the air stream, for example from a fuel cell (not shown) upstream of the turbine 1 in the air flow L, settles on a wall 6 between the dehumidifying area 5 and a collecting space 7 due to inertia. While the wall 6 is formed of a porous material, an outer wall 8 of the collecting space 7 is designed gas-tight. The Po ¬ rosity of the wall 6 leads to a capillary action, whereby the water attached to the wall 6 is transported following a concentration gradient in the collecting space 7, from which it flows through a drain opening 9 of gravity g following. The porosity of the wall 7 can be achieved by sintered materials with metallic and / or ceramic components. The capillary action can be achieved by means of radially directed capillary channels. Ideally, these capillary channels are tubular with a very small diameter.
Figur 2 zeigt die Turbine 1 aus Figur 1, bei der zusätzlich im Sammelraum 7 ein hygroskopisches Material 10 angeordnet ist. Dadurch wird eine Feuchte bzw. ein Wasserdampfdruck im Sammelraum 7 so reduziert, dass sich das Konzentrationsgefälle vergrößert, um den Wassertransport durch die Wandung zu verbessern und/oder zu beschleunigen. Das hygroskopische Material 10 kann ein Feststoff sein und/oder den Sammelraum 7 teilweise oder vollständig ausfüllen. Beispielsweise kann Kieselgel als hygroskopisches Material 10 verwendet werden.FIG. 2 shows the turbine 1 from FIG. 1, in which a hygroscopic material 10 is additionally arranged in the collecting space 7. As a result, a moisture or a water vapor pressure in the collecting space 7 is reduced so that the concentration gradient increases in order to improve the water transport through the wall and / or to accelerate. The hygroscopic material 10 may be a solid and / or fill the collecting space 7 partially or completely. For example, silica gel may be used as the hygroscopic material 10.
In Figur 3 ist eine Turbine 1 ähnlich der in Figur 1 gezeig¬ ten dargestellt, bei der die Wandung 6 nicht porös gebildet, sondern mit Wasserfang-Öffnungen 11 versehen ist, durch die das Wasser der Zentrifugalkraft folgend in den Sammelraum 7 gelangt. Auch in dieser Ausführungsform kann ein hygroskopisches Material 10 im Sammelraum 7 angeordnet sein.3 shows a turbine 1 is shown in Figure 1 gezeig ¬ th similar, in which the wall is not formed porous 6, but is provided with water-catching openings 11, passes through the water to the centrifugal force as following in the collecting space. 7 Also in this embodiment, a hygroscopic material 10 may be arranged in the collecting space 7.
Figur 4 zeigt eine Schnittansicht der Turbine 1 aus Figur 1 mit Schnittrichtung längs der Drehachse 4. Die Turbine 1 ist als eine Axialschieberturbine mit einer verstellbaren Matri¬ ze 12 gebildet, mittels derer eine effektive Höhe der Schau¬ feln 3 bzw. maßgebende engste Querschnitte in einem Turbinen- leitgitter mit einer Leitschaufel 13 eingeregelt werden können. Das Turbinenrad 2 ist ein Walzenrad mit konstantem Durchmesser in der Außenkontur. Das aus der Abflussöffnung 9 austretende Wasser wird einem nicht gezeigten Sammelbehälter zugeführt. Der Sammelraum 7 ist gegenüber dem Entfeuchtungsbereich 5 kälteisolierend ausgebildet, um dem Problem der Auskondensation und infolge dessen Erosion an den Schaufeln 3 des Turbinenrads 2 entgegen zu wirken.Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the turbine 1 of Figure 1 with the cutting direction along the rotational axis 4. The turbine 1 is formed as a Axialschieberturbine with an adjustable Matri ¬ ze 12, by means of which an effective amount of the spectacle ¬ feln 3 or authoritative narrowest cross-sections in a turbine guide grid with a vane 13 can be adjusted. The turbine wheel 2 is a roller wheel with a constant Diameter in the outer contour. The water emerging from the drain opening 9 is fed to a collecting container, not shown. The collecting space 7 is designed to be cold-insulating in relation to the dehumidifying area 5 in order to counteract the problem of condensation and, as a result, erosion on the blades 3 of the turbine wheel 2.
Figur 5 zeigt eine Brennstoffzelle 14 mit einem Verdichter 15 und einer Turbine 1. Im Verdichter 15 wird der Luftstrom L durch Verdichten erzeugt und der Brennstoffzelle 14 zugeführt. Dort nimmt der Luftstrom L Wasser als Reaktionsprodukt auf und wird zur Turbine 1 weiter geleitet. Vor Erreichen des Turbinenrads 2 wird dem Luftstrom L Wasser entzogen, wie in den Figuren 1 bis 4 beschrieben. Das Wasser wird dem Sammelbehälter 16 zugeführt, wo es mittels eines geregelten Austrittsventils 17 innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Wasserstandsniveaus gehalten wird. Ein Durchblasen von Gas oder Wasserdampf in eine Umgebung wird im Allgemeinen während des Normalbetriebs mit Rücksicht auf einen Wirkungsgrad nicht erfolgen, wodurch sich der erhöhte Druck im Entfeuchtungsbereich 5 und im Sammelraum 7 nur geringfügig unterscheiden. Der Gasdruck wird also genutzt, um eine geregelte Teilentleerung des Sam¬ melbehälters 16 zu bewirken.FIG. 5 shows a fuel cell 14 with a compressor 15 and a turbine 1. In the compressor 15, the air flow L is generated by compression and supplied to the fuel cell 14. There, the air flow L takes up water as a reaction product and is forwarded to the turbine 1 on. Before reaching the turbine wheel 2, water is removed from the air stream L, as described in FIGS. 1 to 4. The water is supplied to the sump 16 where it is maintained within a predetermined level of water level by a controlled discharge valve 17. Blowing gas or water vapor into an environment will generally not occur during normal operation in view of efficiency, whereby the increased pressure in the dehumidifying region 5 and in the collecting space 7 will differ only slightly. The gas pressure is therefore used to effect a controlled partial draining of Sam ¬ melbehälters 16th
Zum Enteisen oder zur Vermeidung von Eisbildung ist ein Wär¬ metauscher 18 oder eine Heizung um den Sammelbehälter 16 vorgesehen. Auch der Sammelraum 7 kann beheizt sein. Der Verdichter 15 ist mittels eines Elektromotors 19 angetrieben. Die Turbine 1 trägt ebenfalls zum Antrieb des Verdichters 15 bei. Der Elektromotor wird über einen Umrichter 20 mit Energie aus der Brennstoffzelle 14 gespeist. Zum Steuern und/oder Regeln der Brennstoffzelle 14, der verstellbaren Matrize 12, des Wärmetauschers 18 bzw. der Heizung und des Austrittsventils ist ein Regler 21 vorgesehen. For deicing or for preventing the formation of ice a Wär ¬ exchanger 18 or a heater to the sump 16 is provided. Also, the collection chamber 7 may be heated. The compressor 15 is driven by means of an electric motor 19. The turbine 1 also contributes to the drive of the compressor 15. The electric motor is fed via an inverter 20 with energy from the fuel cell 14. For controlling and / or regulating the fuel cell 14, the adjustable die 12, the heat exchanger 18 and the heater and the outlet valve, a controller 21 is provided.
Bezugs zeichenlisteReference sign list
1 Turbine Turbinenrad Schaufel1 turbine turbine wheel bucket
4 Drehachse4 rotation axis
5 Entfeuchtungsbereich5 dehumidification area
6 Wandung6 wall
7 Sammelraum7 collection room
8 Außenwandung8 outer wall
9 Abflussöffnung9 drainage opening
10 hygroskopisches Material10 hygroscopic material
11 Wasserfang-Öffnung11 water catch opening
12 verstellbare Matrize12 adjustable die
13 Leitschaufel13 vane
14 Brennstoffzelle14 fuel cell
15 Verdichter15 compressors
16 Sammelbehälter16 collection containers
17 Austrittsventil17 outlet valve
18 Wärmetauscher18 heat exchangers
19 Elektromotor19 electric motor
20 Umrichter20 inverters
21 Regler g Schwerkraft21 Regulator g Gravity
L Luftstrom L airflow
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007042785.0 | 2007-09-07 | ||
| DE102007042785.0A DE102007042785B4 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2007-09-07 | Method for operating a fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009033599A1 true WO2009033599A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
Family
ID=39530967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/007216 Ceased WO2009033599A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2008-09-04 | Method for the operation of a fuel cell |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102007042785B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009033599A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008050157A1 (en) | 2008-08-23 | 2010-02-25 | Daimler Ag | Air supply system for fuel cell in motor vehicle, has guide baffle positioned upstream of turbine wheel, where fuel cell factor is defined as ratio of smallest turbine cross section of baffle and spiral inlet cross section of spiral channel |
| DE102010000816A1 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-14 | Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 | Drive system for car, has turbine wheel, compressor wheel, rotor, turbine control device and/or cabinet, compressor and/or fan provided with protective coating, and made of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, plastic or ceramic |
| DE102011108598A1 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system i.e. proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, for use in partial electrically driven land vehicle, has separator arranged in duct element, where anode gas is supplied into cathode gas in front of separator |
| DE102020112183A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2021-11-11 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Compressor with integrated pore storage and fuel cell system |
| AT526408A1 (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-01-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Turbine housing for a turbocharger device for a fuel cell system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4622275A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-11-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel cell power plant |
| DE4021097A1 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-09 | Siemens Ag | FUEL CELL POWER PLANT |
| US20040118125A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Potnis Shailesh Vijay | Turbine inlet air-cooling system and method |
| US20050014045A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-20 | Rolf Schaller | Thermal integration of pressurized fuel cell systems with expander |
| US20060134471A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2006-06-22 | Renault S.A.S. | Device for recuperating water in a power production unit comprising a fuel cell |
| EP1770811A2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-04 | JTEKT Corporation | Fuel-cell apparatus with coupled compressor and turbine |
| DE102006050990A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | General Electric Co. | Fuel cell system and method to drive a transmission unit connected to a pipe in a hybrid fuel cell system has a turbine drive and a connected electric motor |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4948335A (en) | 1988-12-30 | 1990-08-14 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Turbine moisture removal system |
| JPH08200007A (en) | 1995-01-30 | 1996-08-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Moisture removing device of steam turbine |
| US6955861B2 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2005-10-18 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system, and method of protecting a fuel cell from freezing |
| JP4221942B2 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2009-02-12 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
-
2007
- 2007-09-07 DE DE102007042785.0A patent/DE102007042785B4/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-09-04 WO PCT/EP2008/007216 patent/WO2009033599A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4622275A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-11-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel cell power plant |
| DE4021097A1 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-09 | Siemens Ag | FUEL CELL POWER PLANT |
| US20060134471A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2006-06-22 | Renault S.A.S. | Device for recuperating water in a power production unit comprising a fuel cell |
| US20040118125A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Potnis Shailesh Vijay | Turbine inlet air-cooling system and method |
| US20050014045A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-20 | Rolf Schaller | Thermal integration of pressurized fuel cell systems with expander |
| EP1770811A2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-04 | JTEKT Corporation | Fuel-cell apparatus with coupled compressor and turbine |
| DE102006050990A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | General Electric Co. | Fuel cell system and method to drive a transmission unit connected to a pipe in a hybrid fuel cell system has a turbine drive and a connected electric motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007042785B4 (en) | 2020-07-02 |
| DE102007042785A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
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