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WO2009013170A1 - Communication device and method for the operation thereof - Google Patents

Communication device and method for the operation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009013170A1
WO2009013170A1 PCT/EP2008/059185 EP2008059185W WO2009013170A1 WO 2009013170 A1 WO2009013170 A1 WO 2009013170A1 EP 2008059185 W EP2008059185 W EP 2008059185W WO 2009013170 A1 WO2009013170 A1 WO 2009013170A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitting
receiving
transmission
communication
communication device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/059185
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Kister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to BRPI0814437-0A2A priority Critical patent/BRPI0814437A2/en
Priority to CN200880023097A priority patent/CN101687517A/en
Priority to EP08786139A priority patent/EP2167364A1/en
Publication of WO2009013170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009013170A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/125—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves using short-range radio transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
    • B61L25/025—Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/121—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves using magnetic induction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/22—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a communication device for establishing a communication connection between a rail vehicle and a track-side central device.
  • Such communication devices are known, for example, in connection with train control systems, which enable the train to be controlled by track-side control or control centers.
  • the invention is based on the object direzuent ⁇ wrap this, that during operation of the rail vehicle Da ⁇ th better than before can be transmitted, in particular with a higher signal-to-noise ratio and / or with a lower bit error rate ,
  • the invention provides that the Kommunikati ⁇ ons worn a transmitting and / or receiving device with an adjustable transmission and / or reception characteristics, as well as an associated control device having the situation, depending on the respective transmitting and / or receiving ⁇ the transmitting and / or receiving characteristic of their transmitting and / or receiving device sets.
  • An essential advantage of the communication device according to the invention is the fact that, due to the adjustability of the transmission and / or reception characteristic, it makes it possible to adapt to the respective local or temporal transmission or reception conditions.
  • Adjustment in the sense of this invention includes in particular a regulation, a readjustment, an adaptive placement, an adaptive adjustment or even a simple placement.
  • it may be provided to convert the transmission and / or reception characteristic at a large distance between a rail vehicle-side communication device and a related link-side communication device such that a larger directivity is achieved, so that even with a large distance a relatively large Receiving power and thus a rela ⁇ tively large signal-to-noise ratio can be guaranteed.
  • any existing Störquel ⁇ len which act from certain angles on the respective transmitting and / or receiving devices, hide when sending and / or receiving, so that this in the signal-to-noise ratio less than before, preferably not at all, knock down.
  • the transmission and / or reception characteristic can be changed in this way in that preferably or exclusively the transmission or reception angles still possible for a communication are used.
  • the transmitting and / or receiving characteristic can be modified by changing the transmission power, reception sensitivity, data coding, the Signalmodulati ⁇ on, the data rate, the repetition rate, the transmission frequency, the transmission time slot, of the transmission channel, etc..
  • the control device is connected to a location determining device intended for determining the position of the rail vehicle on the route and, moreover, is also suitable, depending on the respective position of the rail vehicle, the transmission and / or reception characteristic of Set transmitting and / or receiving device.
  • a location determining device intended for determining the position of the rail vehicle on the route and, moreover, is also suitable, depending on the respective position of the rail vehicle, the transmission and / or reception characteristic of Set transmitting and / or receiving device.
  • the location determining device for determining the respective position of the rail vehicle can, for example, be designed in such a way that the location of the location of the track-side balises and / or the GPS system known for locating is used.
  • the control device communicates with a topology database is in the topology data, for example, the route, mountains or tunnels are registered; such a topology database makes it particularly easy to determine, depending on the jewei ⁇ time position of the rail vehicle, to be in the nature acting on the transmission and / or reception characteristics of the transmitting and / or receiving means for optimum signal transmission to enable .
  • Control device is adapted to quantitatively measure the respective transmission and / or reception situation and to set the transmission and / or reception characteristic of the transmitting and / or receiving device in such a way, in particular adaptively to adjust or readjust, that at any time an optimal transmission and / or receiving situation is reached.
  • Such a setting of the transmission and / or reception characteristic can be effected, for example, by the control device quantitatively measuring the bit error rate and / or the signal-to-noise ratio of the data transmission and adjusting the transmission and / or reception characteristic of the transmitting and / or receiving device in such a way that At any time a minimum bit error rate and / or an optimal signal-to-noise ratio is achieved.
  • the control device preferably changes the transmission and / or reception characteristic in that it alters the spatial orientation of the transmitting and / or receiving device.
  • Such a change in the spatial orientation for example, two-dimensional or three-dimensional follow it ⁇ .
  • the spatial alignment is preferably carried out in such a way that the transmitting and receiving lobes of two communication devices communicating with each other optimally overlap each other in two or three dimensions and the transmitting and / or receiving facilities look spatially considered.
  • optimum Studentstra ⁇ Cleaning quality is namely achieved.
  • the transmitting and / or receiving devices can in different ways SUC ⁇ gene.
  • the transmitting and / or receiving device may be mechanically movable, for example, mounted on a driven by the control device pivoting means, be so that the control means controls the transmission - Can adjust and / or receive direction mechanically.
  • the transmitting and / or receiving device may be an antenna arrangement having a plurality of antennas which are switched on or off by the control device as a function of the desired transmission and / or reception characteristic.
  • the transmitting and / or recom- catching device to a phased array antenna that includes fully a multi ⁇ number of two-dimensionally arrayed antenna elements and a corresponding phase control bezüg ⁇ Lich its transmission or reception direction, and / or its antenna directivity is adjustable; such adjustability allows namely, both the antenna gain and the transmission and reception direction with respect to a minimal error rate and / or an optimal signal-to-noise ratio per ⁇ currently set optimally.
  • a rail vehicle is ⁇ seen, which is equipped with a rail vehicle-side communication device, as described above.
  • a track-side communication device is also regarded as an invention, with which a communication connection can be established with a rail-vehicle-side communication device, as long as the track-side communication device is configured as described above.
  • a communication system with a rail vehicle-side communication device and a track-side communication device communicating therewith is also regarded as an invention.
  • the transmission and / or reception characteristic of at least one transmitting and / or receiving device is set as a function of the respective transmission and / or reception situation.
  • Adjustment in the sense of this invention includes in particular a regulation, a readjustment, an adaptive placement, an adaptive adjustment or even a simple placement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rail vehicle 10 traveling on a track 20.
  • the track 20 is equipped with ⁇ balises 30 is to allow a rail-vehicle-side and a route-side location determination of the rail vehicle 10.
  • the communication system 40 comprises two rail vehicle-side communication devices 60 and 70 and a plurality of track-side communication devices, of which three are shown by way of example in FIG.
  • the track-side communication devices are identified by reference numerals 80, 90 and 100.
  • the rail vehicle-side communication device 60 communicates with the track-side communication device 90 and the rail- vehicle-side communication device 70 with the trackside communication device 100.
  • the two rail vehicle-side communication devices 60 and 70 can, for example be identical; for the sake of clarity is in the
  • the rail-vehicle-side communication device 60 includes fully a transmitting and / or receiving device 110 in the form of an antenna, which is, for example, may be an antenna to mecha nically ⁇ adjustable directional antenna or a phased array.
  • a control ⁇ device 120 in connection forming a Antennenkontrollein- uniform and ensures that the antenna 110 is always set opti ⁇ times in order to allow an optimal transmission quality for communication with the associated trackside communication device 90th
  • a signal processing device 130 which receives the signals received by the antenna 110, is connected to the antenna 110
  • the topology database 140 may indicate at ⁇ play, as the geographical environment to the rail vehicle 10 around, and indeed, adapted to its respective local position: For example, the topology database 140 may indicate that the rail vehicle 10 in a tunnel in front of or behind a tunnel or in a curve.
  • the control device 120 is connected directly or indirectly to a location determination device 150, which carries out a location determination, for example based on the balises 30 in the track 20.
  • the location determination device 150 is connected, for example, to a balise recognition device 160.
  • the location determination device 150 may form a component of the communication device 60 or a separate component which is connected to the communication device 60.
  • the track-side communication devices 80, 90 and 100 as well as the further rail- vehicle-side communication device 70 can be constructed in a similar or identical manner to the previously described communication device 60. This means that these communication devices can likewise each have an antenna 110 as transmitting and / or receiving device , a control device 120, a signal processing device 130 and a topology database 140.
  • the track-side central device 50 may, for example, a network switch 210 (network node), a radio server 220 (radio central unit), a topology database 140 and a control module 230 include.
  • the communication system 40 according to FIG. 1 is now operated as follows, for example:
  • the two rail vehicle-side communication devices 60 and 70 as well as the two track-side communication devices 90 and 100 are based on the respective location of the
  • Rail vehicle 10 and their respective information stored in their topology databases determine in which solid angle, be it two-dimensional or dreidi ⁇ dimensional, the transmitting and receiving lobe F of their respective antenna 110 must be aligned so that an optimal Kom ⁇ communication between rail vehicle 10th and track-side central device 50 is made possible. Likewise, the two trackside communication devices 90 and 100 will align their respective antennas 110 to allow optimum transmission quality.
  • the alignment of the antennas 110 can be carried out, for example, based on the respective position of the rail vehicle 10 and on the basis of the topology data stored in the topology databases 140. Alternatively or additionally, the alignment of the transmitting and receiving lobes of the antennas 110 may also be different, depending on the particular ge ⁇ measured transmission quality. For example, if a controller 120 determines that the transmission quality is deteriorating, it can re-adjust the transmit and receive lobes of its associated antenna 110 to undo the degraded transmission quality and / or if an improvement Transmission quality is no longer possible, such deterioration is slowed down as much as possible.
  • the control device is particularly preferably 120 to exploit both present in the topology database 140 topology data to set an optimum transmission quality, than perform a corresponding Nachrege ⁇ lung also based on the respective measurement results of the bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the antenna 110 of the rail vehicle-side communication ⁇ devices 60 and 70 and the track-side communication devices 90 and 100 may be formed for example by a mechanically adjustable directional antenna or an electronically adjustable or adjustable phased array antenna.
  • a phased array will be generally preferable, as these be ⁇ compels no mechanical adjustment of the antenna but the directivity can be done only by a electronic see control or signal processing.
  • the described control device 120 and the signal processing device 130 may be formed, for example, by program modules that are implemented in a single data processing system or also in a plurality of parallel processing data processing systems.
  • the topology database 140 can be stored, for example, in memory modules such as flash modules or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a communication device (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) for producing a communication connection between a railway vehicle (10) and a track-side central device (50). According to the invention, the communication device (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) has a transmitting and/or receiving device (110) having an adjustable transmitting and/or receiving characteristic and a control device (120) connected thereto, said control device adjusting the transmitting and/or receiving characteristic of the transmitting and/or receiving device (110) thereof as a function of the respective transmitting and/or receiving situation.

Description

Beschreibungdescription

Kommunikationseinrichtung und Verfahren zu deren BetriebCommunication device and method for its operation

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kommunikationseinrichtung zum Herstellen einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen einem Schienenfahrzeug und einer streckenseitigen Zentraleinrichtung .The invention relates to a communication device for establishing a communication connection between a rail vehicle and a track-side central device.

Derartige Kommunikationseinrichtungen sind beispielsweise im Zusammenhang mit Zugbeeinflussungssystemen bekannt, die ein Steuern des Zuges von streckenseitigen Steuer- oder Leitzentralen aus ermöglichen.Such communication devices are known, for example, in connection with train control systems, which enable the train to be controlled by track-side control or control centers.

Ausgehend von einer solchen Kommunikationseinrichtung liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese derart weiterzuent¬ wickeln, dass während des Betriebs des Schienenfahrzeugs Da¬ ten besser als bisher übertragen werden können, insbesondere mit einem höheren Signal-Rauschabstand und/oder mit einer ge- ringeren Bitfehlerrate.Based on such a communication device, the invention is based on the object weiterzuent ¬ wrap this, that during operation of the rail vehicle Da ¬ th better than before can be transmitted, in particular with a higher signal-to-noise ratio and / or with a lower bit error rate ,

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Kommunikations¬ einrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kommunika- tionseinrichtung sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a communication ¬ device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the communication device according to the invention are specified in subclaims.

Danach ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Kommunikati¬ onseinrichtung eine Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung mit einer verstellbaren Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik sowie eine damit verbundene Steuereinrichtung aufweist, die in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Sende- und/oder Empfangs¬ situation die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik ihrer Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung einstellt. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Kommunikationseinrichtung ist darin zu sehen, dass diese aufgrund der Einstellbarkeit der Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik ein Anpassen an die jeweiligen örtlichen oder zeitlichen Sen- de- bzw. Empfangsbedingungen ermöglicht. Ein „Einstellen" im Sinne dieser Erfindung schließt insbesondere ein Regeln, ein Nachregeln, ein adaptives Stellen, ein adaptives Verstellen oder auch nur ein einfaches Stellen ein.Accordingly, the invention provides that the Kommunikati ¬ onseinrichtung a transmitting and / or receiving device with an adjustable transmission and / or reception characteristics, as well as an associated control device having the situation, depending on the respective transmitting and / or receiving ¬ the transmitting and / or receiving characteristic of their transmitting and / or receiving device sets. An essential advantage of the communication device according to the invention is the fact that, due to the adjustability of the transmission and / or reception characteristic, it makes it possible to adapt to the respective local or temporal transmission or reception conditions. "Adjustment" in the sense of this invention includes in particular a regulation, a readjustment, an adaptive placement, an adaptive adjustment or even a simple placement.

Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen werden, bei einem großen Abstand zwischen einer schienenfahrzeugseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung und einer damit in Verbindung stehenden strecken- seitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik derart umzustellen, dass eine größere Richtwirkung erzielt wird, so dass auch bei einem großen Abstand eine relativ große Empfangsleistung und damit ein rela¬ tiv großer Signal-Rauschabstand gewährleistet werden kann.For example, it may be provided to convert the transmission and / or reception characteristic at a large distance between a rail vehicle-side communication device and a related link-side communication device such that a larger directivity is achieved, so that even with a large distance a relatively large Receiving power and thus a rela ¬ tively large signal-to-noise ratio can be guaranteed.

Auch kann durch ein Verstellen der Sende- und/oder Empfangs- Charakteristik ermöglicht werden, etwaig vorhandene Störquel¬ len, die aus bestimmten Winkeln auf die jeweiligen Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtungen einwirken, beim Senden und/oder Empfangen auszublenden, so dass sich diese im Signal-Rauschabstand weniger als vorher, vorzugsweise überhaupt nicht, niederschlagen.It can also be made possible by adjusting the transmission and / or reception characteristic, any existing Störquel ¬ len, which act from certain angles on the respective transmitting and / or receiving devices, hide when sending and / or receiving, so that this in the signal-to-noise ratio less than before, preferably not at all, knock down.

Mitunter wird sich auch ein Abbrechen einer Kommunikationsverbindung vermeiden lassen: Ergibt sich nämlich, dass aufgrund der Position des Schienenfahrzeugs auf der Strecke eine Kommunikationsverbindung nur in ganz bestimmten Sende- oder Empfangswinkeln möglich ist, so kann beispielsweise die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik derart verändert werden, dass bevorzugt oder ausschließlich die für eine Kommunikation noch möglichen Sende- bzw. Empfangswinkel verwendet werden. Auch kann durch ein Umstellen der Sendeleistung, der Empfangsempfindlichkeit, der Datenkodierung, der Signalmodulati¬ on, der Datenrate, der Wiederholrate, der Sendefrequenz, des Sendezeitschlitzes, des Sendekanals etc. die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik modifiziert werden.Sometimes a cancellation of a communication connection can be avoided: If, in fact, that due to the position of the rail vehicle on the route, a communication connection is possible only in very specific transmission or reception angles, then, for example, the transmission and / or reception characteristic can be changed in this way in that preferably or exclusively the transmission or reception angles still possible for a communication are used. Also, the transmitting and / or receiving characteristic can be modified by changing the transmission power, reception sensitivity, data coding, the Signalmodulati ¬ on, the data rate, the repetition rate, the transmission frequency, the transmission time slot, of the transmission channel, etc..

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Kommunikationseinrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass die Steuereinrichtung mit einer zur Bestimmung der Position des Schienenfahrzeugs auf der Strecke bestimmten Ortsbestimmungseinrichtung verbunden ist und darüber hinaus auch geeignet ist, in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung einzustellen. Durch ein Berücksichtigen der je- weiligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs lässt sich nämlich erreichen, dass den jeweiligen örtlichen Begebenheiten Rechnung getragen wird. Ergibt sich beispielsweise, dass das Schienenfahrzeug durch eine Kurve fährt oder in einen Tunnel einfahren wird, so ist damit zu rechnen, dass sich die Sende- bzw. Empfangssituation ändern wird; durch ein Einstellen der Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs und der Stre- ckentopologie lässt sich eine Verschlechterung der Übertra¬ gungsqualität vermeiden, zumindest reduzieren.According to an advantageous embodiment of the communication device, it is provided that the control device is connected to a location determining device intended for determining the position of the rail vehicle on the route and, moreover, is also suitable, depending on the respective position of the rail vehicle, the transmission and / or reception characteristic of Set transmitting and / or receiving device. By taking into account the respective position of the rail vehicle, it is possible to achieve that the respective local conditions are taken into account. For example, if the rail vehicle travels through a bend or enters a tunnel, it is to be expected that the transmission or reception situation will change; by adjusting the transmission and / or reception characteristics in dependence on the respective position of the rail vehicle and the Stre- ckentopologie can be avoided, at least reduce the deterioration of the Übertra ¬ Cleaning quality.

Die Ortsbestimmungseinrichtung zum Bestimmen der jeweiligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs kann beispielsweise derart ausgestaltet sein, dass zur Ortsbestimmung die Lage strecken- seitiger Balisen und/oder das zur Ortung bekannte GPS-System herangezogen wird.The location determining device for determining the respective position of the rail vehicle can, for example, be designed in such a way that the location of the location of the track-side balises and / or the GPS system known for locating is used.

Um ein Einstellen der Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik zu vereinfachen, wird es als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn die Steuereinrichtung mit einer Topologiedatenbank in Verbindung steht, in der Topologiedaten, beispielsweise der Streckenverlauf, Berge oder Tunnel, eingetragen sind; eine solche Topo- logiedatenbank ermöglicht es, in Abhängigkeit von der jewei¬ ligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs besonders einfach zu bestimmen, in welcher Art auf die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtungen eingewirkt werden muss, um eine optimale Signalübertragung zu ermöglichen .In order to simplify setting of the transmission and / or reception characteristic, it is considered advantageous if the control device communicates with a topology database is in the topology data, for example, the route, mountains or tunnels are registered; such a topology database makes it particularly easy to determine, depending on the jewei ¬ time position of the rail vehicle, to be in the nature acting on the transmission and / or reception characteristics of the transmitting and / or receiving means for optimum signal transmission to enable .

Darüber hinaus wird es als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn dieIn addition, it is considered advantageous if the

Steuereinrichtung geeignet ist, die jeweilige Sende- und/oder Empfangssituation quantitativ zu messen und die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung derart einzustellen, insbesondere adaptiv zu ver- stellen oder nachzuregeln, dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine optimale Sende- und/oder Empfangssituation erreicht wird. Ein solches Einstellen der Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass die Steuereinrichtung die Bitfehlerrate und/oder das Signal-Rauschverhältnis der Datenübertragung quantitativ misst und die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung derart einstellt, dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine minimale Bitfehlerrate und/oder ein optimales Signal- Rauschverhältnis erreicht wird.Control device is adapted to quantitatively measure the respective transmission and / or reception situation and to set the transmission and / or reception characteristic of the transmitting and / or receiving device in such a way, in particular adaptively to adjust or readjust, that at any time an optimal transmission and / or receiving situation is reached. Such a setting of the transmission and / or reception characteristic can be effected, for example, by the control device quantitatively measuring the bit error rate and / or the signal-to-noise ratio of the data transmission and adjusting the transmission and / or reception characteristic of the transmitting and / or receiving device in such a way that At any time a minimum bit error rate and / or an optimal signal-to-noise ratio is achieved.

Vorzugsweise verändert die Steuereinrichtung die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik dadurch, dass sie die räumliche Ausrichtung der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung verändert. Eine solche Veränderung der räumlichen Ausrichtung kann beispielsweise zweidimensional oder dreidimensional er¬ folgen. Das räumliche Ausrichten wird vorzugsweise derart durchgeführt, dass sich die Sende- und Empfangskeulen zweier miteinander kommunizierender Kommunikationseinrichtungen jederzeit zwei- bzw. dreidimensional optimal überlappen und sich die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtungen räumlich betrachtet quasi ansehen. Bei einer räumlichen Überlappung der Sende- und Empfangskeulen wird nämlich eine optimale Übertra¬ gungsqualität erreicht.The control device preferably changes the transmission and / or reception characteristic in that it alters the spatial orientation of the transmitting and / or receiving device. Such a change in the spatial orientation, for example, two-dimensional or three-dimensional follow it ¬. The spatial alignment is preferably carried out in such a way that the transmitting and receiving lobes of two communication devices communicating with each other optimally overlap each other in two or three dimensions and the transmitting and / or receiving facilities look spatially considered. In a spatial overlap of the transmitting and receiving lobes optimum Übertra ¬ Cleaning quality is namely achieved.

Ein Verändern der räumlichen Ausrichtung der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtungen kann auf unterschiedliche Weise erfol¬ gen. Beispielsweise kann die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung mechanisch beweglich, beispielsweise an einer von der Steuereinrichtung angesteuerten Schwenkeinrichtung montiert, sein, so dass die Steuereinrichtung die Sende- und/oder Empfangsrichtung mechanisch verstellen kann.Changing the spatial orientation of the transmitting and / or receiving devices can in different ways SUC ¬ gene. For example, the transmitting and / or receiving device may be mechanically movable, for example, mounted on a driven by the control device pivoting means, be so that the control means controls the transmission - Can adjust and / or receive direction mechanically.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann es sich bei der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung um eine Antennenanordnung mit einer Mehrzahl an Antennen handeln, die von der Steuereinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der gewünschten Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik ein- bzw. ausgeschaltet werden. Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich bei der Sende- und/oder Emp- fangseinrichtung um eine Phased-Array-Antenne, die eine Mehr¬ zahl an zweidimensional angeordneten Antennenelementen um- fasst und durch eine entsprechende Phasenansteuerung bezüg¬ lich ihrer Sende- bzw. Empfangsrichtung und/oder ihrer Anten- nenrichtwirkung einstellbar ist; eine solche Verstellbarkeit ermöglicht es nämlich, sowohl den Antennengewinn als auch die Sende- bzw. Empfangsrichtung im Hinblick auf eine minimale Fehlerrate und/oder ein optimales Signal-Rauschverhältnis je¬ derzeit optimal einzustellen.Alternatively or additionally, the transmitting and / or receiving device may be an antenna arrangement having a plurality of antennas which are switched on or off by the control device as a function of the desired transmission and / or reception characteristic. Particularly preferably, in the transmitting and / or recom- catching device to a phased array antenna that includes fully a multi ¬ number of two-dimensionally arrayed antenna elements and a corresponding phase control bezüg ¬ Lich its transmission or reception direction, and / or its antenna directivity is adjustable; such adjustability allows namely, both the antenna gain and the transmission and reception direction with respect to a minimal error rate and / or an optimal signal-to-noise ratio per ¬ currently set optimally.

Als Erfindung wird darüber hinaus ein Schienenfahrzeug ange¬ sehen, das mit einer schienenfahrzeugseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung ausgestattet ist, wie sie oben beschrieben ist. Auch wird eine streckenseitige Kommunikationseinrichtung als Erfindung angesehen, mit der sich eine Kommunikationsverbindung mit einer schienenfahrzeugseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung herstellen lässt, soweit die streckenseitige Kommu- nikationseinrichtung wie eingangs beschrieben ausgestaltet ist .As a further invention, a rail vehicle is ¬ seen, which is equipped with a rail vehicle-side communication device, as described above. A track-side communication device is also regarded as an invention, with which a communication connection can be established with a rail-vehicle-side communication device, as long as the track-side communication device is configured as described above.

Auch ein Kommunikationssystem mit einer schienenfahrzeugseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung und einer damit kommunizie- renden streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung wird als Erfindung angesehen.A communication system with a rail vehicle-side communication device and a track-side communication device communicating therewith is also regarded as an invention.

Ebenfalls als Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen einem Schienenfahrzeug und einer streckenseitigen Zentraleinrichtung angesehen. Dabei wird erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik zumindest einer Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Sende- und/oder Empfangssituation eingestellt wird. Ein „Einstellen" im Sinne dieser Erfindung schließt insbesondere ein Regeln, ein Nachregeln, ein adaptives Stellen, ein adaptives Verstellen oder auch nur ein einfaches Stellen ein.Also considered to be a method of operating a communication link between a rail vehicle and a trackside center device. In this case, it is provided according to the invention that the transmission and / or reception characteristic of at least one transmitting and / or receiving device is set as a function of the respective transmission and / or reception situation. "Adjustment" in the sense of this invention includes in particular a regulation, a readjustment, an adaptive placement, an adaptive adjustment or even a simple placement.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbei- spiels näher erläutert, das in der Figur 1 gezeigt ist.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIG.

In der Figur 1 erkennt man ein Schienenfahrzeug 10, das auf einem Gleis 20 fährt. Das Gleis 20 ist mit Balisen 30 ausge¬ stattet, die eine schienenfahrzeugseitige und eine strecken- seitige Ortsbestimmung des Schienenfahrzeugs 10 ermöglichen.FIG. 1 shows a rail vehicle 10 traveling on a track 20. The track 20 is equipped with ¬ balises 30 is to allow a rail-vehicle-side and a route-side location determination of the rail vehicle 10.

In der Figur 1 erkennt man darüber hinaus ein Kommunikations¬ system 40, das eine Kommunikation zwischen dem Schienenfahrzeug 10 und einer streckenseitigen Zentraleinrichtung 50 er- möglicht. Das Kommunikationssystem 40 umfasst zwei schienen- fahrzeugseitige Kommunikationseinrichtungen 60 und 70 sowie eine Mehrzahl an streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtungen, von denen in der Figur 1 beispielhaft drei eingezeichnet sind. Die streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtungen sind mit den Bezugszeichen 80, 90 und 100 gekennzeichnet.In the figure 1, it also recognizes a communication ¬ system 40, the ER, a communication between the rail vehicle 10 and a trackside central device 50 made possible. The communication system 40 comprises two rail vehicle-side communication devices 60 and 70 and a plurality of track-side communication devices, of which three are shown by way of example in FIG. The track-side communication devices are identified by reference numerals 80, 90 and 100.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 wird beispielhaft davon ausgegangen, dass die schienenfahrzeugseitige Kommuni- kationseinrichtung 60 mit der streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung 90 kommuniziert und die schienenfahrzeugseiti¬ ge Kommunikationseinrichtung 70 mit der streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung 100. Die beiden schienenfahrzeugseiti- gen Kommunikationseinrichtungen 60 und 70 können beispiels- weise baugleich sein; aus Gründen der Übersicht ist in derIn the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, it is assumed by way of example that the rail vehicle-side communication device 60 communicates with the track-side communication device 90 and the rail- vehicle-side communication device 70 with the trackside communication device 100. The two rail vehicle-side communication devices 60 and 70 can, for example be identical; for the sake of clarity is in the

Figur 1 lediglich die schienenfahrzeugseitige Kommunikations¬ einrichtung 60 näher im Detail gezeigt.Figure 1, only the rail vehicle side communication ¬ device 60 shown in more detail.

Die schienenfahrzeugseitige Kommunikationseinrichtung 60 um- fasst eine Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung 110 in Form einer Antenne, bei der es sich beispielsweise um eine mecha¬ nisch verstellbare Richtantenne oder eine Phased-Array- Antenne handeln kann. Mit der Antenne 110 steht eine Steuer¬ einrichtung 120 in Verbindung, die eine Antennenkontrollein- heit bildet und dafür sorgt, dass die Antenne 110 stets opti¬ mal eingestellt ist, um eine optimale Übertragungsqualität für die Kommunikation mit der zugeordneten streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung 90 zu ermöglichen. Mit der Antenne 110 steht darüber hinaus eine Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 130 in Verbindung, die die von der Antenne 110 empfangenenThe rail-vehicle-side communication device 60 includes fully a transmitting and / or receiving device 110 in the form of an antenna, which is, for example, may be an antenna to mecha nically ¬ adjustable directional antenna or a phased array. With the antenna 110 is a control ¬ device 120 in connection forming a Antennenkontrollein- uniform and ensures that the antenna 110 is always set opti ¬ times in order to allow an optimal transmission quality for communication with the associated trackside communication device 90th In addition, a signal processing device 130, which receives the signals received by the antenna 110, is connected to the antenna 110

Signale auswertet und eigene Signale über die Antenne 110 zur streckenseitigen Zentraleinrichtung 50 übermittelt. Mit der Steuereinrichtung 120 mittelbar oder unmittelbar verbunden ist eine Topologiedatenbank 140, in der Topologiedaten abgespeichert sind. Die Topologiedatenbank 140 kann bei¬ spielsweise angeben, wie das geographische Umfeld um das Schienenfahrzeug 10 herum, und zwar nach dessen jeweiliger örtlichen Position, beschaffen ist: Beispielsweise kann die Topologiedatenbank 140 angeben, dass sich das Schienenfahrzeug 10 in einem Tunnel vor oder hinter einem Tunnel oder auch in einer Kurve befindet.Evaluates signals and transmits own signals via the antenna 110 to the trackside central device 50. Connected directly or indirectly to the control device 120 is a topology database 140, in which topology data are stored. The topology database 140 may indicate at ¬ play, as the geographical environment to the rail vehicle 10 around, and indeed, adapted to its respective local position: For example, the topology database 140 may indicate that the rail vehicle 10 in a tunnel in front of or behind a tunnel or in a curve.

Zur Feststellung der Position des Schienenfahrzeugs 10 ist die Steuereinrichtung 120 mittelbar oder unmittelbar mit einer Ortsbestimmungseinrichtung 150 verbunden, die eine Ortsbestimmung beispielsweise anhand der Balisen 30 im Gleis 20 durchführt. Hierzu steht die Ortsbestimmungseinrichtung 150 beispielsweise mit einer Balisenerkennungsvorrichtung 160 in Verbindung. Die Ortsbestimmungseinrichtung 150 kann einen Bestandteil der Kommunikationseinrichtung 60 oder eine davon separate Komponente bilden, die mit der Kommunikationsein- richtung 60 verbunden ist.To determine the position of the rail vehicle 10, the control device 120 is connected directly or indirectly to a location determination device 150, which carries out a location determination, for example based on the balises 30 in the track 20. For this purpose, the location determination device 150 is connected, for example, to a balise recognition device 160. The location determination device 150 may form a component of the communication device 60 or a separate component which is connected to the communication device 60.

Die streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtungen 80, 90 und 100 sowie die weitere schienenfahrzeugseitige Kommunikations¬ einrichtung 70 können ähnlich bzw. identisch zu der bereits erläuterten Kommunikationseinrichtung 60 aufgebaut sein. Dies bedeutet, dass diese Kommunikationseinrichtungen ebenfalls jeweils eine Antenne 110 als Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrich¬ tung, eine Steuereinrichtung 120, eine Signalverarbeitungs¬ einrichtung 130 sowie eine Topologiedatenbank 140 aufweisen können.The track-side communication devices 80, 90 and 100 as well as the further rail- vehicle-side communication device 70 can be constructed in a similar or identical manner to the previously described communication device 60. This means that these communication devices can likewise each have an antenna 110 as transmitting and / or receiving device , a control device 120, a signal processing device 130 and a topology database 140.

Die streckenseitige Zentraleinrichtung 50 kann beispielsweise einen Network Switch 210 (Netzwerkknoten) , einen Radio Server 220 (Funkzentraleinheit) , eine Topologiedatenbank 140 sowie ein Steuermodul 230 umfassen.The track-side central device 50 may, for example, a network switch 210 (network node), a radio server 220 (radio central unit), a topology database 140 and a control module 230 include.

Das Kommunikationssystem 40 gemäß Figur 1 wird nun beispiels- weise wie folgt betrieben:The communication system 40 according to FIG. 1 is now operated as follows, for example:

Fährt das Schienenfahrzeug 10 über das Gleis 20, so werden die beiden schienenfahrzeugseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtungen 60 und 70 sowie die beiden streckenseitigen Kommunikati- onseinrichtungen 90 und 100 anhand des jeweiligen Orts desIf the rail vehicle 10 travels over the track 20, the two rail vehicle-side communication devices 60 and 70 as well as the two track-side communication devices 90 and 100 are based on the respective location of the

Schienenfahrzeugs 10 und ihrer jeweiligen in ihren Topologie- datenbanken hinterlegten Informationen feststellen, in welchem Raumwinkel, sei dies zweidimensional oder auch dreidi¬ mensional, die Sende- und Empfangskeule F ihrer jeweiligen Antenne 110 ausgerichtet sein muss, damit eine optimale Kom¬ munikation zwischen Schienenfahrzeug 10 und streckenseitiger Zentraleinrichtung 50 ermöglicht wird. In entsprechender Weise werden die beiden streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtungen 90 und 100 ihre jeweiligen Antennen 110 ausrichten, um eine optimale Übertragungsqualität zu ermöglichen.Rail vehicle 10 and their respective information stored in their topology databases determine in which solid angle, be it two-dimensional or dreidi ¬ dimensional, the transmitting and receiving lobe F of their respective antenna 110 must be aligned so that an optimal Kom ¬ communication between rail vehicle 10th and track-side central device 50 is made possible. Likewise, the two trackside communication devices 90 and 100 will align their respective antennas 110 to allow optimum transmission quality.

Das Ausrichten der Antennen 110 kann beispielsweise anhand der jeweiligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs 10 und anhand der in den Topologiedatenbanken 140 abgespeicherten Topolo- giedaten erfolgen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Ausrichten der Sende- und Empfangskeulen der Antennen 110 auch anders erfolgen, und zwar in Abhängigkeit von der jeweils ge¬ messenen Übertragungsqualität. Stellt beispielsweise eine Steuereinrichtung 120 fest, dass sich die Übertragungsquali- tat verschlechtert, so kann sie durch ein Nachjustieren der Sende- und Empfangskeulen ihrer zugeordneten Antenne 110 dafür sorgen, dass die Verschlechterung der Übertragungsqualität rückgängig gemacht wird und/oder, wenn eine Verbesserung der Übertragungsqualität nicht mehr möglich ist, eine solche Verschlechterung so gut wie möglich verlangsamt wird.The alignment of the antennas 110 can be carried out, for example, based on the respective position of the rail vehicle 10 and on the basis of the topology data stored in the topology databases 140. Alternatively or additionally, the alignment of the transmitting and receiving lobes of the antennas 110 may also be different, depending on the particular ge ¬ measured transmission quality. For example, if a controller 120 determines that the transmission quality is deteriorating, it can re-adjust the transmit and receive lobes of its associated antenna 110 to undo the degraded transmission quality and / or if an improvement Transmission quality is no longer possible, such deterioration is slowed down as much as possible.

Besonders bevorzugt wird die Steuereinrichtung 120 sowohl die in der Topologiedatenbank 140 vorhandenen Topologiedaten ausnutzen, um eine optimale Übertragungsqualität einzustellen, als auch anhand der jeweiligen Messergebnisse von Bitfehlerrate und Signal-Rauschverhältnis eine entsprechende Nachrege¬ lung durchführen.The control device is particularly preferably 120 to exploit both present in the topology database 140 topology data to set an optimum transmission quality, than perform a corresponding Nachrege ¬ lung also based on the respective measurement results of the bit error rate and signal-to-noise ratio.

Die Antenne 110 der schienenfahrzeugseitigen Kommunikations¬ einrichtungen 60 und 70 sowie der streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtungen 90 und 100 kann beispielsweise durch eine mechanisch verstellbare Richtantenne oder eine elektronisch nachstellbare bzw. einstellbare Phased-Array-Antenne gebildet sein. Im Hinblick auf möglichst geringe Herstellungskosten wird im Allgemeinen eine Phased-Array-Antenne zu bevorzugen sein, da diese keine mechanische Verstellung der Antenne be¬ nötigt, sondern die Richtwirkung allein durch eine elektroni- sehe Ansteuerung bzw. Signalauswertung erfolgen kann.The antenna 110 of the rail vehicle-side communication ¬ devices 60 and 70 and the track-side communication devices 90 and 100 may be formed for example by a mechanically adjustable directional antenna or an electronically adjustable or adjustable phased array antenna. In view of the lowest possible cost, a phased array will be generally preferable, as these be ¬ compels no mechanical adjustment of the antenna but the directivity can be done only by a electronic see control or signal processing.

Die beschriebene Steuereinrichtung 120 sowie die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 130 können beispielsweise durch Programmmodule gebildet sein, die in einer einzigen Datenverarbei- tungsanlage oder auch in mehreren parallel arbeitenden Datenverarbeitungsanlagen implementiert sind. Die Topologiedatenbank 140 kann beispielsweise in Speicherbausteinen wie Flashbausteinen oder dergleichen hinterlegt sein. The described control device 120 and the signal processing device 130 may be formed, for example, by program modules that are implemented in a single data processing system or also in a plurality of parallel processing data processing systems. The topology database 140 can be stored, for example, in memory modules such as flash modules or the like.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Kommunikationseinrichtung (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) zum Herstellen einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen einem Schie- nenfahrzeug (10) und einer streckenseitigen Zentraleinrichtung (50) , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Kommunikationseinrichtung (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) eine Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) mit einer verstellba- ren Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik sowie eine damit verbundene Steuereinrichtung (120) aufweist, die in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Sende- und/oder Empfangssituation die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik ihrer Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) einstellt.Communication device (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) for establishing a communication connection between a rail vehicle (10) and a trackside central device (50), characterized in that the communication device (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) a transmitting and / or receiving device (110) having an adjustable transmission and / or receiving characteristic and a control device (120) connected thereto, which in dependence on the respective transmission and / or reception situation, the transmission and / or reception characteristic their transmitting and / or receiving device (110) sets. 2. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Steuereinrichtung (120) mit einer zur Bestimmung der Position des Schienenfahrzeugs (10) auf der Strecke vorgesehe- nen Ortsbestimmungseinrichtung (150) verbunden ist und geeignet ist, in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Position des Schienenfahrzeugs (10) die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakte¬ ristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) einzustellen .2. Communication device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device (120) is connected to a for determining the position of the rail vehicle (10) on the route provided NEN location determining means (150) and is suitable, depending on the respective position of the rail vehicle (10) adjust the transmission and / or reception coulter file ¬ ristik the transmitting and / or receiving device (110). 3. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Steuereinrichtung (120) geeignet ist, die jeweilige Sen- de- und/oder Empfangssituation quantitativ zu messen und die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) derart einzustellen, dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine optimale Sende- und/oder Empfangssituation erreicht wird. 3. Communication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device (120) is adapted to quantitatively measure the respective transmitting and / or receiving situation and the transmitting and / or receiving characteristic of the transmitting and / or receiving device (110 ) in such a way that an optimal transmission and / or reception situation is achieved at each time. 4. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Steuereinrichtung (120) geeignet ist, als Sende- und/oder Empfangssituation die Fehlerrate und/oder das Signal- Rauschverhältnis quantitativ zu messen und die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) derart einzustellen, dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine optimale Datenrate und/oder ein optimales Signal- Rauschverhältnis erreicht wird.4. Communication device according to claim 3, characterized in that the control device (120) is suitable for quantitatively measuring the error rate and / or the signal-to-noise ratio as the transmission and / or reception situation and / or the transmission and / or reception characteristic of the transmission and / or reception. or receiving device (110) to set such that at any time an optimal data rate and / or an optimal signal-to-noise ratio is achieved. 5. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Steuereinrichtung (120) geeignet ist, als Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik die räumliche Ausrichtung der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) zu verändern.5. Communication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device (120) is adapted to change the spatial orientation of the transmitting and / or receiving device (110) as transmitting and / or receiving characteristic. 6. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) beweglich an einer von der Steuereinrichtung (120) angesteuerten Schwenkeinrichtung montiert ist und die Steuereinrichtung (120) geeignet ist, die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik durch ein Schwenken der Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) einzustellen.6. Communication device according to claim 5, characterized in that the transmitting and / or receiving device (110) is movably mounted on one of the control device (120) controlled pivoting device and the control device (120) is suitable, the transmission and / or reception characteristic by to set a pivoting of the transmitting and / or receiving device (110). 7. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (110) eine Antenne mit einem einstellbaren Antennengewinn und/oder einer einstellbaren Sende- bzw. Empfangsrichtung aufweist und die Steuereinrichtung (120) geeignet ist, den Antennengewinn und/oder die einstellbare Sende- bzw. Empfangsrichtung im Hinblick auf eine optimale Datenrate und/oder ein optimales Signal-Rauschverhältnis einzustellen.7. Communication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitting and / or receiving device (110) has an antenna with an adjustable antenna gain and / or an adjustable transmitting or receiving direction and the control device (120) is suitable, the antenna gain and / or the adjustable transmission or reception direction in Set to an optimal data rate and / or an optimal signal-to-noise ratio. 8. Kommunikationseinrichtung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Kommunikationseinrichtung eine streckenseitige Kommunika¬ tionseinrichtung (80, 90, 100) oder eine schienenfahrzeugsei- tige Kommunikationseinrichtung (60, 70) ist.8. Communication device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the communication device is a trackside communication ¬ tion device (80, 90, 100) or a rail vehicle side communication device (60, 70). 9. Schienenfahrzeug (10) mit einer Kommunikationseinrichtung (60, 70) nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche zum Herstellen einer Kommunikationsverbindung mit einer streckenseitigen Zentraleinrichtung (50).9. rail vehicle (10) with a communication device (60, 70) according to any one of the preceding claims for establishing a communication link with a trackside central device (50). 10. Kommunikationssystem mit einem Schienenfahrzeug (10) nach Anspruch 9 und einer streckenseitigen Kommunikationseinrichtung (80, 90, 100) nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8.10. Communication system with a rail vehicle (10) according to claim 9 and a trackside communication device (80, 90, 100) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8. 11. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen einem Schienenfahrzeug (10) und einer streckenseiti¬ gen Zentraleinrichtung (50), d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Sende- und/oder Empfangscharakteristik zumindest einer11. A method for operating a communication link between a rail vehicle (10) and a straitenseiti ¬ gen central device (50), characterized in that the transmitting and / or receiving characteristic of at least one Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Sende- und/oder Empfangssitu¬ ation eingestellt wird. Transmitting and / or receiving device (60, 70, 80, 90, 100) is set depending on the respective transmission and / or Empfangssitu ¬ tion.
PCT/EP2008/059185 2007-07-20 2008-07-14 Communication device and method for the operation thereof Ceased WO2009013170A1 (en)

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JP2021528303A (en) * 2018-06-28 2021-10-21 コヌクス ゲーエムベーハー Smart sensor data transmission in railway infrastructure
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EP2167364A1 (en) 2010-03-31
CN101687517A (en) 2010-03-31

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