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WO2009062837A1 - Cellule solaire avec structures de concentration optique - Google Patents

Cellule solaire avec structures de concentration optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009062837A1
WO2009062837A1 PCT/EP2008/064532 EP2008064532W WO2009062837A1 WO 2009062837 A1 WO2009062837 A1 WO 2009062837A1 EP 2008064532 W EP2008064532 W EP 2008064532W WO 2009062837 A1 WO2009062837 A1 WO 2009062837A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
solar cell
surface elements
elements
cell according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/064532
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Klenke
Matthias Henyk
Ralf Zastrau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nanogate Advanced Materials GmbH
Original Assignee
Nanogate Advanced Materials GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanogate Advanced Materials GmbH filed Critical Nanogate Advanced Materials GmbH
Priority to EP08850554A priority Critical patent/EP2188846A1/fr
Publication of WO2009062837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009062837A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/484—Refractive light-concentrating means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/488—Reflecting light-concentrating means, e.g. parabolic mirrors or concentrators using total internal reflection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a SoSarzeile.
  • Solar tents have a solar element which is usually designed as a semi-finished element.
  • the energy supplied in particular by the sunlight is converted into electrical current. This essentially takes place in that the radiation penetrates into the semiconductor component and generates free charge carriers there. With the help of an internal electric field then a current flow occurs.
  • the efficiency of a solar cell depends, in addition to the materials used, in particular on how much radiation penetrates into the solar element and generates free charge carriers. This depends in part on the amount of radiation or the radiation density and on the other hand on the wavelength of the radiation. In this case, short-wave light is more effective, since this is high-energy radiation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a solar cell with improved efficiency, in particular an increase in efficiency at a flat angle of incidence of solar radiation to be achieved.
  • the solar cell according to the invention has a solar element, which is in particular a semiconductor element.
  • the solar element converts the incident solar radiation into electrical energy in a known manner.
  • the solar panel is covered with a radiation-transparent cover element.
  • the cover serves in particular to avoid contamination.
  • the cover element can thus be a glass or plastic cover element which is transparent in particular to sunlight.
  • the cover may be formed as a foil.
  • the covering element is directly connected to the solar element or arranged at a distance therefrom.
  • the cover member is a planar cover member
  • diffractive surface elements are provided on the cover element. These surface elements, which are particularly small and are provided in a large number, are preferably elevations which, at least on one side, have a diffraction grating for directing incident sunlight. As a result, the surface elements are formed such that the incident sunlight is deflected in the direction of the solar element. In particular, in sunlight that strikes the solar cell at a shallow angle, therefore, no reflection of a major part of the light takes place. Rather, a large part of the incident sunlight is deflected and can thus be used for energy. As a result, the efficiency of the solar cell is considerably improved, since in particular in the morning and evening hours incident on the solar cell light can be used to a greater extent than in known solar cells.
  • Essential to the invention is that the sunlight by diffraction, ie diffraction on a grid and not by refraction to the effective surface of the Solar cell is deflected.
  • Diffraction or diffraction occurs only in gratings with a small grating period which is at least smaller than 10,000 nm. In particular, the grating period is in the range of 300 to 900 nm.
  • diffraction occurs only at the edge for wider columns.
  • the light deflection is already essentially due to the laws of refraction. This also differs from the refraction, which is geometric Lichtienkung. Refraction describes light phenomena in geometric optics, such as lenses and the like, and is not to be equated with light diffraction as a special case of refraction.
  • the surface elements in particular their dimensions and their surface design are formed such that even light which strikes at an angle of less than 45 ° relative to the cover on this, is directed in the main part in the direction of Solareiements.
  • a deflection of the incident light in the direction of the solar element takes place at angles of less than 30 °, more preferably at angles of less than 20 ° and more preferably at an angle of less than 10 °.
  • the surface elements in the direction of the solar element, which has a wavelength range of less than 500 nm, in particular less than 450 nm, and is therefore of high energy.
  • a Einfange ⁇ of light in angular ranges is possible in which takes place at today known solar lines total reflection.
  • the angle of total reflection depends in particular on the material used.
  • the individual heatnelernente are preferably formed as a survey and have a substantially cuboid or cubic shape.
  • a diffraction grating surface structure acting as a diffraction grating surface structure.
  • This is in particular welienförmig and particularly preferably formed as a double sine wave.
  • the surface structure in particular the frequency and the amplitude of a wave-shaped surface structure, it can be defined which light of a certain wavelength range is diffracted and diffraction takes place in the soft direction.
  • different surface elements have surfaces with different diffraction characteristics.
  • the light striking the solar cell can be deflected in the direction of the solar elements, so that the efficiency of the solar line can be further improved.
  • the individual surface elements preferably have a size of 0.04 ⁇ m 2 to 10,000 ⁇ m 2 , in particular 0.04 ⁇ m 2 to 500 ⁇ m 2 .
  • the distance between the individual surface elements with one another is preferably 0 to 100 ⁇ m 2 , in particular 0 to 50 ⁇ m 2 and particularly preferably 0 to 15 ⁇ m 2 .
  • the spacing of the individual surface elements is greater than 0 ⁇ m 2 , in particular greater than 1 ⁇ m 2, and particularly preferably greater than 3 ⁇ m 2 . This has the advantage that the production of the individual surface elements is simplified if the surface elements are arranged at a distance from one another.
  • the spacing of the surface elements avoids adulteration at the boundaries of the surface elements, for example as a result of resulting paint webs.
  • the cover is arranged at a distance from the surface of the soi element.
  • Surface elements according to the invention are provided on the inside, that is to say on the side of the covering element facing the base of the covering.
  • the cover coupling elements such.
  • B. Rippe ⁇ comprise connected.
  • the rib elements are cuboid-shaped elements which are connected to the cover element in such a way that they point away from it.
  • the Rippeneleme ⁇ te are arranged perpendicular to the cover.
  • the coupling elements may also be other geometric web or rod-shaped body, which are arranged on the upper side of the cover.
  • cylindrically shaped coupling elements are possible. These may also be pyramid or partially pyramidal elements or the like.
  • the coupling elements have on at least one outer surface elements by which the incident light is deflected by diffraction at least partially in the direction of the solar element.
  • the coupling elements are preferably made of the same material as the cover.
  • the rib elements are made of light-transparent Material.
  • the material is the thermoplastics listed below or combinations of these materials:
  • mineral glass or FEP Teflon and EVA are also possible materials.
  • the use is often via adhesive compounds using PVB f silicone or EPDM. Preference is given to the use of material composites, such as PVF-PET-PVF, wherein packet layer thicknesses in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 mm are preferred.
  • a Reflekomseiement such as a Sptegelelement is preferably provided on these outer sides. This may be a vapor-deposited layer or the like.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic enlargement of a region II in FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of part of a second embodiment of a solar cell
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic enlarged sectional view of part of a third embodiment of a solar cell
  • 5 shows a schematic perspective view of the third preferred embodiment of the solar cell
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 are schematic enlarged sectional views of further embodiments of a solar cell
  • a solar element 10 which is usually designed as a semiconductor element, is arranged on a carrier element 12. Within the solar element 10 is carried out by the penetrating radiation, a release of charges and due to an internal electric field generating electric current. This is discharged via lines 14.
  • An upper side of the solar element 10 is connected in the illustrated embodiment with a cover 16.
  • the cover 16 is for example directly on the solar element 10 or is firmly connected thereto by gluing or the like.
  • the light-transparent cover element 16 has on its upper side 18 a plurality of individual doctorsneiementen 20.
  • the individual surface elements are substantially cuboidal or litter-shaped and have at their top 22 a wave-shaped structure, so that a diffractive surface is formed.
  • the structure is formed sinusoidal.
  • a bending and thus deflecting light radiation as shown simplified by the arrows 24, in the direction of the solar element 10.
  • a significant improvement in the efficiency of the solar cell can be achieved.
  • identical or similar components are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • the cover 16 is disposed at a distance from a top 26 of the solar element 10.
  • the intermediate space 28 may in this case be hollow, that is filled with air, or be filled with another possibly solid medium.
  • a schematically illustrated light beam 30 is partially reflected at a point 32 on the upper surface 26 of the solar cell and would be radiated without the inventive provision of surface elements substantially completely in the direction of a dotted arrow 34 and thus can not be used for energy.
  • a plurality of surface elements 20 are arranged on an inner surface 36 of the cover 16 according to the invention. These are preferably as described with reference to FIG. 2, formed.
  • the provision of surface elements 20 on the inner surface 36 of the Abdeckeiements 16 causes the space essentially serves as a light trap.
  • rib elements 38 are provided on the outside 18 of the cover element in this embodiment.
  • the rib members 38 are formed substantially cuboid and arranged perpendicular to the outer surface 18 of the cover 16.
  • a plurality of surface elements 20, which are formed as explained above, are provided on at least one outer surface 40 of the rib members 38.
  • a plurality of surface elements 20 which are formed as explained above, are provided on at least one outer surface 40 of the rib members 38.
  • the beam path 42 thus at least a portion of the light is reflected within the fin element and thus passes in the direction of the solar element 10.
  • An unreflected portion 44 of the light is due to the corresponding diffraction by the surface elements of the adjacent rib member 38 within this fin element in Direction of the solar element 10 deflected.
  • rib elements with surface elements 20 provided at least on an outer surface 40
  • the effective surface of the solar cell can be significantly increased.
  • this reflection elements 46 are provided on this reflection elements 46.
  • FIG. 6 shows a conventional solar cell 10, on the upper side of which, according to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, rib elements 38 are arranged.
  • the rib elements 38 each have smooth surfaces 40 in the example shown in FIG. On the surfaces 40 no surface elements are provided.
  • the transmittance of the material is 95%, the degree of reflection 5% and the Absorbtionsgrad 0%,
  • the course of a single incident light beam 48 is shown in Figure 6. As can be seen, only a small part of the light beam strikes the outside 18 of the solar element 10.
  • FIG. 7 the identical component has now been used in the simulation as in FIG. 6, wherein diffractive surface elements 20 are arranged on the surfaces 40 of the rib elements 38.
  • the surface elements have a grating period of 400 to 2000 nm.
  • the simulation has shown that an increase of approximately 30% can be achieved by providing the rib elements 38 with diffractive surface elements 20 in comparison to conventional solar cells. "In this case, the diffractions of higher orders were not taken into account. This would lead to a further increase in efficiency.
  • a further increase in efficiency can be achieved by reducing the distance between the rib members 38. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a semi-permeable mirror opposite the surface 18 of the soya element 10, for example at the top of the rib elements 38, so that radiation which is deflected upwards away from the solar element 10 is reflected back.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 different embodiments of coupling elements, which replace the ribbed elements 38, are shown on the solar element 10. Of course it is possible to combine all illustrated embodiments with each other.
  • Einkoppeliana 58 which are formed nikzylindrisch are designed such that a good coupling of the sun's rays is possible, although the angle of incidence changes during the day.
  • diffractive surface elements 20 are arranged on the cylindrical outer side of the coupling elements 58 in turn.
  • a particularly semitransparent mirror may be provided, the function of which corresponds to mirror 46 (FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • FIG. 1 Another embodiment, which has a lower overall height, is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the individual coupling elements 64, 66 are in a right angle! arranged to each other and stacked according to a grid structure.
  • surface elements 20 On different outer sides of the coupling elements 64, 66 surface elements 20 may be provided, which optionally have different grating structures.

Landscapes

  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Cette cellule solaire présente un élément solaire (10) pour transformer le rayonnement solaire en énergie électrique. L'élément solaire (10) est recouvert par un élément de recouvrement (16) transparent au rayonnement, à travers lequel passe la lumière du soleil. Selon l'invention, des éléments de surface diffractifs (20) sont prévus sur l'élément de recouvrement (16). Les éléments de surface (20) dirigent la lumière solaire incidente sur l'élément solaire (10). Le rendement de la cellule solaire (10) peut ainsi être considérablement amélioré.
PCT/EP2008/064532 2007-11-16 2008-10-27 Cellule solaire avec structures de concentration optique Ceased WO2009062837A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08850554A EP2188846A1 (fr) 2007-11-16 2008-10-27 Cellule solaire avec structures de concentration optique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07120882 2007-11-16
EP07120882.1 2007-11-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009062837A1 true WO2009062837A1 (fr) 2009-05-22

Family

ID=39284245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/064532 Ceased WO2009062837A1 (fr) 2007-11-16 2008-10-27 Cellule solaire avec structures de concentration optique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2188846A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200941746A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009062837A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013009333A1 (de) 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 Hermann-Frank Müller Fahrzeugplane
EP3557157A4 (fr) * 2016-12-30 2020-07-22 Bolymedia Holdings Co. Ltd. Appareil solaire à concentration

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI482305B (zh) * 2012-09-27 2015-04-21 Win Win Prec Technology Co Ltd 太陽能電池模組及其製造方法、提升太陽能電池元件散熱效果的方法以及散熱增強型太陽能電池元件
CN104459853B (zh) 2013-09-22 2017-08-04 清华大学 金属光栅
CN104459855A (zh) 2013-09-22 2015-03-25 清华大学 金属光栅的制备方法
CN104459852B (zh) 2013-09-22 2017-02-01 清华大学 金属光栅的制备方法
CN104459854B (zh) 2013-09-22 2017-12-01 清华大学 金属光栅的制备方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2071414A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-09-16 Elektronikcentralen Solar cell with enhanced radiation collection
US5782993A (en) * 1996-06-28 1998-07-21 Ponewash; Jackie Photovoltaic cells having micro-embossed optical enhancing structures
EP1237166A2 (fr) * 2001-02-28 2002-09-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Cellules solaires sensibilisés par un colorant et modules de cellules solaires
WO2004038462A1 (fr) * 2002-10-22 2004-05-06 Sunray Technologies, Inc. Structures a diffraction servant a rediriger et concentrer un rayonnement optique
US20050039788A1 (en) * 2001-11-28 2005-02-24 Ulf Blieske Textured transparent panel having a high light transmission
US20060283495A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-21 Solaria Corporation Method and system for integrated solar cell using a plurality of photovoltaic regions
US20070256732A1 (en) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-08 Ming-Hsien Shen Photovoltaic module

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2071414A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-09-16 Elektronikcentralen Solar cell with enhanced radiation collection
US5782993A (en) * 1996-06-28 1998-07-21 Ponewash; Jackie Photovoltaic cells having micro-embossed optical enhancing structures
EP1237166A2 (fr) * 2001-02-28 2002-09-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Cellules solaires sensibilisés par un colorant et modules de cellules solaires
US20050039788A1 (en) * 2001-11-28 2005-02-24 Ulf Blieske Textured transparent panel having a high light transmission
WO2004038462A1 (fr) * 2002-10-22 2004-05-06 Sunray Technologies, Inc. Structures a diffraction servant a rediriger et concentrer un rayonnement optique
US20060283495A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-21 Solaria Corporation Method and system for integrated solar cell using a plurality of photovoltaic regions
US20070256732A1 (en) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-08 Ming-Hsien Shen Photovoltaic module

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013009333A1 (de) 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 Hermann-Frank Müller Fahrzeugplane
EP3557157A4 (fr) * 2016-12-30 2020-07-22 Bolymedia Holdings Co. Ltd. Appareil solaire à concentration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2188846A1 (fr) 2010-05-26
TW200941746A (en) 2009-10-01

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