WO2008012157A1 - Shift mechanism, in particular for a shift transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a shift mechanism, in particular for a shift transmission. With a view in particular to the use of said shift devices in vehicle shift transmissions, the invention is based on the object of specifying solutions, by means of which, even in the case of positional deviations, which can be production-related and also if appropriate caused by operating forces, of the pivot axes of the pivoting component and of the sliding component, no twisting, which considerably adversely affects the free movement, occurs. Said object is achieved according to the invention by means of a shift mechanism having a pivoting component having a bearing device for mounting the pivoting component in such a way that the latter is pivotable about a pivoting component pivot axis, having a sliding component which is pivotable about a sliding component pivot axis and which can slide in the direction of said sliding component pivot axis, wherein the pivoting component axis and the sliding component pivot axis substantially coincide, and having a coupling structure for coupling the pivoting component to the sliding component, in such a way that the sliding component opposite the pivoting component can slide in the direction of the sliding component pivot axis and is pivotable together with the pivoting component, wherein said shift mechanism is characterized in that the coupling structure is designed such that the sliding component opposite the pivoting component can be moved radially with respect to the sliding component pivot axis by a radial dimension which corresponds to an alignment offset, which occurs on account of production or operation, between the sliding component pivot axis and the pivoting component pivot axis.

Description

 Name of the invention

Switching mechanism, in particular for a manual transmission

description

Field of the invention

The invention is directed to a switching mechanism, in particular for a manual transmission, which serves as such a pivotally mounted, hereinafter referred to as a pivot member component to couple with a likewise hereinafter referred to as a sliding component such that a displacement of the sliding member relative to the pivot member is possible , however, the two components are tiltable together with at most a small circumferential clearance together about a pivot axis extending in the sliding direction. In a narrower circle, the invention is directed to a switching mechanism such as may be used in manual transmissions, in particular to other switching devices, e.g. To operate shift finger and / or lock in certain positions.

A switching mechanism of this type is known from DE 101 53 926 A1. In this known switching mechanism, the sliding member acts as a switching rod and the pivot member as a locking plate for locking of other switching devices by which a certain Behebeschaltzustand is fixed. The axial freedom of movement of the shift rod relative to the swivel component is achieved by a driver bush in which a slot is formed. This drive bush is rigidly coupled to the pivot member and otherwise takes on the shift rod in an axially movable manner. On the shift rod, a driver pin is provided as such of the Switch rod from dipping into the slot. In this coupling concept, it is necessary for the bearing of the locking plate to be designed in such a way that the pivot axis of the locking plate defined in this way precisely coincides with the pivot axis of the switching rod. Any positional deviations occurring in this regard lead to an increase in the contact forces between the mutually relatively movable components and can affect the smooth running of the mechanism.

Summary of the invention

In particular, with a view to the use of the aforementioned switching devices in vehicle manual transmissions, the invention has the object to provide solutions by which even in production-related and possibly also caused by operating forces positional deviations of the pivot axes of the pivot member and the sliding member, the ease is not affected.

This object is achieved by a switching mechanism with: a pivoting member, - a storage device for supporting the pivot member such that it is pivotable about a Schwenkbauteilschwenkachse, a sliding member which is pivotable about a Schiebebauteilschwenkachse and slidable in the direction of this Schiebebauteilschwenkachse, wherein the Schwenkbauteilachse and the Schiebebauteil- pivot axis substantially agree with each other, and a coupling structure for coupling the pivot member with the sliding member, such that the sliding member relative to the pivot member in the direction of the Schiebebauteilschwenkachse displaceable and pivotable together with the pivot member, - wherein this switching mechanism is characterized in that the Coupling structure is designed such that the sliding member relative to the pivot member radially to the sliding member pivot axis is displaceable by a radial dimension that a production ode due to operational reasons border offset between the Schiebebauteilschwenkachse and the Schwenkbauteilschwenkachse corresponds.

This makes it possible in an advantageous manner, to provide a switching mechanism, in particular for a vehicle transmission, in which even in the realization of particularly low-function locking and locking structures can not occur the ease of switching mechanism, undesirable internal tension in the mechanics. On the basis of the switching mechanism according to the invention underlying, special Kopel pelungskonzept concept for coupling the sliding member with the pivot member, it is possible to provide a locking mechanism that allows for use in a transmission extremely precise, early locking the non-actuated pairs of gears.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, provided for transmitting a pivoting moment power transmission between the coupling structure and the pivot member relative to a likewise transmitting the pivoting moment power transmission area between the coupling structure and the sliding member by an offset angle in the circumferential direction. This circumferential offset angle preferably approximately at 90 °. At this circumferential offset angle, the coupling structure acts as a quasi-cardanic coupling, which torsionally stiffens the pivoting component with the sliding component, but kinematically couples it sufficiently radially displaceable relative to one another for an axial offset tolerance compensation.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pivot member is designed such that it acts as a blocking plate, by which switching elements of a gearbox can be locked in dependence on the pivot position of the pivot member. The sliding member itself is preferably designed as a shift rod. The shift rod can act here as Einkoppelungsorgan over which the actuation forces required to initiate the switching functions in the Schaltmecha- nik be coupled. Alternatively, the shift rod can also act as a driven member, which is acted upon by the pivot member and other switching elements with appropriate operating forces.

Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. It shows:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an inventive

Switching mechanism which is provided as such for effecting a gear selection for a vehicle manual transmission,

FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration for explaining the four main components of the switching mechanism according to the invention according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 a shows a plan view of the main components of the switching mechanism according to the invention, in particular for illustrating the design of the pivoting component,

FIG. 3b shows a detailed illustration for explaining the transmission of the torque between the shift rod and the swivel component,

FIG. 4 shows a further perspective detailed representation for further illustrating the structure of the switching mechanism according to the invention, in particular for illustrating the mounting of the pivoting component via the coupling structure,

FIG. 5 shows a perspective partial view of a carrier plate, FIG. 6 shows a further perspective view of the carrier plate, here in combination with the coupling structure functioning both as a bearing element and as a coupling element,

FIG. 7 shows a perspective detailed representation of the pivot component provided for attachment to the coupling structure according to the invention.

FIG. 8 shows a further perspective detailed representation of the carrier plate from the rear, to illustrate the arrangement and mode of action of an auxiliary bearing structure.

The switching mechanism shown in Figure 1 serves as such the Bewerkstellung a gear selection in a manual transmission. In the variant shown here, gear selection takes place via a shift rod designed as a sliding component 1. The sliding member 1 is, as indicated by the arrow symbols P1, P2, in the direction of a Schiebebauteilschwenkachse X displaced (arrow symbol P1) and also tiltable about this Schiebebauteilachse X (arrow icon P2).

On the sliding member 1, a shift finger bracket 2 is attached, via which various switching functions in the transmission according to the control of the sliding member 1 are made. About the sliding member 1 is still acting here as a blocking plate pivot member 3 is actuated. The pivoting member 3 is pivotally mounted on a support plate 4 via a pivot bearing structure described in more detail in connection with the following drawings.

The pivoting component 3 is kinematically coupled to the sliding component 1 via a coupling structure 5 in such a way that the pivoting component 3 is likewise simultaneously and in the same direction pivoted in accordance with a pivoting movement (P2) applied to the sliding component 1, as indicated by the arrow symbol P3. The switching mechanism shown here is characterized in that the coupling structure 5 is formed such that the sliding member 1 with the pivot member 3 torsionally rigid, and in this case, however, also coupled such that the sliding member 1 relative to the pivot member 3 is radially displaceable , The radial displaceability is preferably such that the two components 1, 3 can be displaced relative to one another by a radial dimension which compensates for any manufacturing or operational alignment offset between the sliding component pivot axis X and the pivot component pivot axis which can not be seen here.

In the variant shown here, the coupling structure 5 is formed by a socket element 6. This bushing element 6 is designed as a polygonal, prismatic structure and forms a plurality of parallel to Schiebebauteil- pivot axis X aligned Mitnehmerprofilabschnitte 7, 8. These Mitnehmerprofilabschnitte 7, 8 are offset from each other in the Umfangshchtung the Schiebebauteilschwenkachse X. The offset angle is substantially 90 degrees in this embodiment.

The Mitnehmerprofilabschnitt 7 is used in the embodiment shown here, the transmission of torque between the sliding member 1 and the sleeve member 6. The Mitnehmerprofilabschnitt 8 serves to transmit a torque between the sleeve member 6 and the pivot member 3. By the present invention carried out circumferential offset the power transmission zones between the Socket element 6 and the sliding member 1 and the sleeve member 6 and the pivot member 3 is advantageously the achievement of a static overdetermination of the overall mechanism as a result of the kinematic coupling of the pivot member 3 and the sliding member 1 serving mechanism avoided and the coupling mechanism only for the transmission of a pivoting moment used. This concept makes it possible to considerably reduce the circumferential play between a driver provided on the part of the sliding component 1, the sleeve element 6 and the pivoting component. duce. Due to the elimination of the static overdetermination, in the case of an alignment offset between the pivot axis X of the sliding component and the bearing axis of the pivot component 3 in the switching mechanism according to the invention, no clamping forces impairing the smooth running occur.

Due to the substantially complete elimination of the Umfangsbewe- gungsspiels in the torsional coupling of the pivot member 3 with the sliding member 1, a particularly early and precise locking function for blocking or release of certain components, in particular shift finger of the switching mechanism can be realized via the pivot member.

FIG. 2 shows the essential components of the switching mechanism according to the invention in a selection triggered by the otherwise more complex mechanism. The bushing element 6 is seated, as already described, on the sliding component 1 and couples this via a seated on the sliding member 1 driving lug 9 with the pivot member 3. The driving lug 9 runs in the upper Mitnehmerprofilabschnitt 7 of the female member 6 in this view. About the Mitnehmerprofilabschnitt. 8 and the here only slightly recognizable, the driver profile section diametrically opposite driver profile section 8 ', the transmission of the pivoting torque is accomplished in the pivot member 3. The pivoting component 3 comprises a plurality of blocking zones 10, 11, 12, 13, by means of which stop surfaces are provided, via which, in turn, certain switching elements of the further switching mechanism not shown here can be blocked. The bushing element 6 has in the embodiment shown here a total of four flank sections 14 which extend between the Mitnehmerprofilabschnitten 7, 7 ', 8, 8'. These flank sections 14 are designed in such a way that the inner wall sections of the bushing element 6 defined by these have a radial spacing to the outer wall of the sliding component 1, which corresponds to at least one tolerable misalignment of the axis of the sliding component 1 relative to the pivot axis of the swiveling component 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3a, the driving lugs 9 or 9 'of the sliding component 1 are in sliding movement with the inner wall of the driver profile sections 7 and T, respectively. A, the female member 6 receiving receiving opening of the pivot member 3 is so kontuhert that this surrounds the socket senelement 6 in the region of the edge portions 14 and the outer walls of the Mitnehmerprofilabschnitte 7, T with a certain distance. This special contraction of the receiving opening of the pivoting component 3 can be seen in greater detail from the detailed illustration according to FIG. 3b.

As illustrated in FIG. 3b, the transmission of the force components required for generating a pivoting torque takes place via the contact surfaces of the driving lugs 9, 9 'of the sliding component 1 in the contact zones a. The transmission of the force components of the pivoting torque between the sleeve member 6 and the pivot member 3 via the contact zones c. The contact zones a and the contact zones c are offset from each other in the circumferential direction by an angle in the range of approximately 90 degrees. By this system, a certain "gimbal" coupling of the pivot member 3 is achieved with the sliding member 1, which allows a certain radial displacement of the sliding member 1 to the pivot member 3 as such at torsionally rigid coupling, so that in the case of such a radial displacement of the mechanism is not distorted.

This alignment offset can in particular be compensated by, for example, the driving lugs 9, 9 'being able to travel in the y direction into the pockets of the driver profile sections 7 and T, respectively. The corresponding movement zones are indicated by the letters b. An offset of the sliding component 1 relative to the pivoting component 3 in the x-direction is made possible by the bushing element 6 dipping in the x-direction into the corresponding regions of the receiving component of the pivoting component 3 which receive the driver profile sections 8 and 8 ', respectively from these can move out radially. The corresponding movement zones are identified by the letter d. The concept shown here ensures that neither one Offset of the sliding member 1 in the x direction, nor an offset of the sliding member 1 in the y direction to pivot the pivot member 3 leads.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the bushing element 6 is dimensioned such that it forms a sufficiently long guide path for the driving lugs 9 and 9 'shown in FIG. 3b. The sleeve member 6 is involved in the switching mechanism according to the invention in a storage arrangement, via which the pivot member 3 is mounted on the support plate 4. The pivot member 3, the support plate 4 and also the sleeve member 6 are made in the embodiment shown here as Blechumformteile. In the socket element 6, a circumferential groove 15 is formed in the region of the driver profile sections 7, 8, in which a spring ring 17 is seated. In particular, a thrust washer 16 can be fixed on the bushing element 6 in the axial direction via this spring ring 17. The bushing element 6 is provided in the region of its end portion passing through the carrier plate 4 with a flanging (see FIG. 6) which, as such, engages behind the carrier plate 4. About the bushing element 6 thus formed is in cooperation with the thrust washer 16 and the spring ring 17, the pivot member 3 pivotally mounted on the support plate 4, but mounted axially immovable.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, it is possible to form the carrier plate 4 in such a way that the bore 18 serving for receiving the socket element 6 (see FIG. 4) provided therein acts as a bearing bore. It is possible to form the carrier plate 4 in the region of the bore 18 by plastic deformation such that the bore 18 in the axial direction receives a length which is greater than the thickness of the sheet metal material provided for producing the carrier plate 4. It is also possible to press into the support plate 4, a bearing ring through which a sufficiently smooth pivotal mounting of the pivot member 3 is ensured. In the immediate vicinity of the intended for receiving the female member 6 bore 18 has two openings 19, 20 are provided. About these openings 19, 20 can be realized in conjunction with small, formed on the pivot member 3 convex protrusions a holding mechanism by which the pivoting member 3 is held in a certain position until overcoming a predetermined holding torque. Furthermore, it is possible, in particular in the region of the rear side of the carrier plate facing away from the pivoting component, to provide a holder, in particular in the form of a sheet metal structure, by which on the one hand a bore is provided, through which the maximum radial displacement of the sliding component relative to Support plate 4 is determined, and on the other hand, a Axialsiche- runng of the female member 6 is achieved.

In Figure 6, the rear portion of the support plate 4 is shown in the form of a perspective detail view. As can be seen from this illustration, a rear retaining edge region 6a of the sleeve element 6 engages behind the edge region of the bore 18 (FIG. 5). By this edge portion 6a, the female member 6 is secured in the axial direction.

In Figure 7, the pivot member 3 is shown as a single part in the form of a perspective detail view. The pivoting member 3 is provided with a provided for receiving the female member 6, kontuherten cam opening 20. This driver opening 20 is designed such that the female element 6, as already described in connection with FIG. 3 b, can laterally travel in the x-direction about a dimension required for adequate compensation of an alignment offset. Perpendicular to the x-axis shown here, no movement of the female member 6 in the receiving opening 20 is possible. The compensation of a possible misalignment in this direction is made possible by corresponding immersion of the driving lug 9 in the pockets formed by the Mitnehmerprofilabschnitte 7 and T (see Figure 3b).

In FIG. 8, in the form of a further perspective detailed representation, the carrier plate is shown from the rear in order to illustrate the arrangement and mode of action of an auxiliary bearing structure 19. The auxiliary bearing structure is designed in this embodiment as a sheet metal flange which is attached as such to the support plate via clinch or other connection structures 20, 21. The auxiliary bearing structure 19 forms an auxiliary bearing bore B. The auxiliary bearing bore B is dimensioned such that it provides an optionally necessary for play, bending, or tolerance required radial displacement of the switching shaft sufficient radial clearance. Otherwise, the auxiliary bearing bore B is dimensioned such that the maximum possible radial offset of the switching shaft relative to the support plate 4 is determined by this. As a result of this auxiliary bearing structure 19, a circumferential flange section 6 ^'of the sleeve element functioning as a radial guide surface is guided so as to be radially displaceable in an underside of the auxiliary bearing structure 19 facing the carrier plate 4 and the latter.

The switching mechanism according to the invention can be used in particular in the transmission area for gearshifts for locking individual gear pairs by means of a locking disc (swashplate), this swashplate is rotated or pivoted by a switching shaft (sliding member 1) and thus the corresponding gear pair is locked or released.

The switching mechanism according to the invention allows in the case of application in a transmission early blocking the non-actuated gear pairs. By means of the switching mechanism according to the invention, the locking disc is positioned with extremely little play in the pivoting direction, thereby enabling a tilting movement which correlates exactly with the pivoting movement of the switching shaft.

The positioning of the driving pin (or any other geometry) for generating a positive connection to the central control shaft for rotating the possibly axially slightly offset parts (disc / hollow shaft or the like, here: locking disc) is subject to tolerances. In addition, if necessary, the driving shaft also deflects when a torque is introduced. The concept according to the invention makes it possible to compensate for the possibly problematic alignment offset in previous concepts and thus prevents the components from jamming with one another or, in particular, the locking disk assuming incorrect pivoting positions. Due to the inventive concept too late locking the gear pairs is prevented and a erroneous asynchronous running of the other gears avoided. If necessary, the previously required servo keys can be omitted when using the switching mechanism according to the invention.

The switching mechanism according to the invention provides a cost-effective variant by which, in particular in the realization of the switching components as sheet metal forming components, tolerances occurring here may be compensated and thus with greater tolerances, the function and reliability is guaranteed. By the inventive concept, an active locking of the corresponding aisles is already possible when selecting the gears and not only after switching a gear. In the solution according to the invention, the influence of the positional tolerances of the driving pin (or of any other geometry) for generating a positive connection on the central control shaft and the bending of the same when selecting a lane is eliminated. The switching mechanism according to the invention can be realized in terms of manufacturing technology advantageously and with a relatively small number of parts. In the switching mechanism according to the invention, the tolerance compensation for the axially offset components by means of acting as a compensation part coupling member. As a result, the locking part can be supported radially on the holding plate independently of the switching rod.

The form-fitting in the circumferential direction inducing geometry on the shaft is performed in the compensating part at the edges with little play. If the position is offset in the y-direction, the shaft bends or bends the shaft in the y-direction, so in this direction the required clearance b is provided. The compensation part is rotated at a rotation of the shaft after exhaustion of the small game. An advantage of this solution is that the shaft can be displaced in the axial direction as far as the shape-giving geometry of the compensation part permits.

The compensating part is guided in the locking part similar, coupled only by 90 degrees. At the point c is therefore only minimal game, at the point d a minimum required game available. Thus, the compensation part compensates for the offset of an offset in the x direction pin and the deflection of the shaft in the x direction. If the compensating part is moved, it takes after exhaustion of the small game (c) equal to the locking disc.

In order to avoid axial displacement of the locking plate and the compensating part, the sleeve member is bent in the region of its rear edge, so that it can no longer slide back through the hole in the retaining plate. On the opposite side, a circlip fixes both parts. However, the axial securing of these parts can also be done otherwise, for example by press-fitting, caulking or the like. It should be noted that the mutually relatively moving parts can also be coupled to each other via Wälzkörperstrukturen.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 sliding component

2 selector handle

3 swivel component

4 support plate

X sliding component pivot axis

6 book element

7 driver profile section

8 driver profile section

9 driving nose

10 restricted zone

11 restricted zone

12 restricted zone

13 restricted zone

14 flank section

15 circumferential groove

16 thrust washer

17 spring washer

18 hole

19 auxiliary storage structure

20 fasteners

21 fasteners

6a edge area

X x axis y y axis

B auxiliary bearing bore

P1 arrow symbol

P2 arrow symbol

P3 arrow icon

Claims

claims 1. Switching mechanism with: a pivoting component (3), - A storage device for supporting the pivoting member (3) such that it is pivotable about a Schwenkbauteilschwenkachse, - a sliding member (1) about a Schiebebauteilschwenkachse (X) pivotable and in the direction of this Schiebebauteilschwenkachse (X) is displaceable, wherein the Schwenkbauteilachse and the Sliding component pivot axis (X) substantially agree with each other, and a coupling structure (5) for kinematic coupling of the Schwenkbau- part (3) with the sliding member (1), such that the sliding member (1) relative to the pivot member (3) in the direction of the Schiebebauteilschwenkachse (X) is displaceable and pivotable together with the pivot member (3), characterized in that the coupling structure (5) is designed such that the sliding member (1) with the pivot member (3) torsionally rigid otherwise, however, coupled such that the sliding member (1) relative to the pivot member (3) is radially displaceable. 2. Switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding member (1) relative to the pivot member (3) ververlagerbar by a Radialmaß that a potential, production or operationally occurring radial offset between the Schiebebauteilschwenkachse (X) and the Schwenkbauteilschwenkachse corresponds , 3. Switching mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that provided for transmitting a pivoting moment power transmission area (c) between the coupling structure (5) and the pivoting component (3) with respect to a transmission area (a), which likewise serves to transmit the pivoting moment, between the coupling structure (5) and the slide Bebauteil (1) are offset from each other by a circumferential offset angle in the circumferential direction. 4. Switching mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the circumferential offset offset angle is approximately 90 °. 5. Switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that via the coupling structure (5) a gimbal coupling of the pivot member (3) with the sliding member (1) is accomplished. 6. Switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting member (3) acts as a blocking plate of a gearbox. 7. Switching mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the sliding member (1) acts as a shift rod of a gearbox. 8. Switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling structure (5) by a sleeve member (6) is formed. 9. switching mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that via the socket element (6) a connection of the pivoting member (3) to a support plate (4) is accomplished. 10. Switching mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that the socket element (6) is designed as a sheet-metal forming part and comprises a plurality, acting as Mitnehmerabschnitte longitudinal profiles. 11. Switching mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that the bushing element (6) is designed to be elastic so that this defined in the installed state elastically with the sliding member (1) and / or the pivot member (1) is clamped smoothly.