WO2006126350A1 - カプセル型医療装置 - Google Patents
カプセル型医療装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006126350A1 WO2006126350A1 PCT/JP2006/308346 JP2006308346W WO2006126350A1 WO 2006126350 A1 WO2006126350 A1 WO 2006126350A1 JP 2006308346 W JP2006308346 W JP 2006308346W WO 2006126350 A1 WO2006126350 A1 WO 2006126350A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- capsule
- orientation
- capsule endoscope
- estimation
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00011—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by signal transmission
- A61B1/00016—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by signal transmission using wireless means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00043—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements
- A61B1/00045—Display arrangement
- A61B1/0005—Display arrangement combining images e.g. side-by-side, superimposed or tiled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00043—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements
- A61B1/00055—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements for alerting the user
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/041—Capsule endoscopes for imaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; Determining position of diagnostic devices within or on the body of the patient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; Determining position of diagnostic devices within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
- A61B5/062—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using magnetic field
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
- A61B5/073—Intestinal transmitters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/6804—Garments; Clothes
- A61B5/6805—Vests, e.g. shirts or gowns
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/01—Determining conditions which influence positioning, e.g. radio environment, state of motion or energy consumption
- G01S5/017—Detecting state or type of motion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0252—Radio frequency fingerprinting
- G01S5/02521—Radio frequency fingerprinting using a radio-map
- G01S5/02522—The radio-map containing measured values of non-radio values
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0252—Radio frequency fingerprinting
- G01S5/02521—Radio frequency fingerprinting using a radio-map
- G01S5/02524—Creating or updating the radio-map
- G01S5/02527—Detecting or resolving anomalies in the radio frequency fingerprints of the radio-map
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/04—Constructional details of apparatus
- A61B2560/0456—Apparatus provided with a docking unit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a capsule medical device that is inserted into a living body and performs imaging or the like.
- Endoscopes that can diagnose a body cavity or perform a treatment as necessary by inserting an insertion portion into the body cavity are widely used in the medical field and the like.
- capsule-type medical devices in the form of capsules that can be swallowed from the mouth and imaged inside the body cavity to perform endoscopy have been put into practical use.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-135389 discloses that a signal wirelessly transmitted from a capsule in a body cavity via an antenna is received by a plurality of antennas arranged outside the body, and the strength of the received signal is used. What calculates the position of a capsule is disclosed.
- a plurality of source coils are arranged in the longitudinal direction of an insertion portion of an endoscope to be inserted into a body cavity, and a magnetic field generated by these source coils is arranged outside the body.
- An apparatus and method for detecting the position or Z and orientation of a plurality of coils is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-135389 does not disclose a method for specifically detecting the position of the capsule.
- a method for detecting the orientation of an antenna within is also disclosed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a subject imaged in vivo. It is an object of the present invention to provide a capsule medical device capable of accurately detecting the position and Z or orientation from which the biological information is acquired, such as an image of the above.
- the capsule medical device of the present invention includes a capsule internal device that is inserted into a living body and includes an antenna, and a wireless transmission unit that wirelessly transmits an antenna force electromagnetic wave signal of the capsule internal device; A plurality of extracorporeal antennas disposed outside the living body, and a signal force of the electromagnetic wave received by the plurality of extracorporeal antennas;
- the estimation means for estimating Z or orientation, and the estimated value calculated from the position and Z or orientation values estimated by the estimation means are compared with the actually detected detection value, and the comparison value force is calculated.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing an example of a main part of a capsule medical device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state where the extracorporeal device of FIG. 1A is connected to the terminal device via a cradle.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the capsule endoscope of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a plurality of antennas constituting the antenna unit of FIG. 1A and a coordinate system set for the antennas.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic internal configuration of the capsule endoscope apparatus of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example of a signal transmitted from the capsule endoscope in FIG. 1 during one frame period.
- FIG. 5A shows a signal transmitted from the capsule endoscope in FIG. 1 during one frame period. Is a diagram showing a different example.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an electromagnetic field component at an arbitrary position P when the position where the antenna of FIG. 2 exists is the origin.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the electric field components in FIG. 6 using components in an orthogonal coordinate system.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how electromagnetic waves are attenuated when propagating through a medium.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an electromotive force detected when an electric field generated by the antenna of FIG. 6 is received by a rod-shaped antenna attached to the body surface.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a procedure for estimating the position and orientation where the antenna of FIG. 2 exists.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram showing a display example when an image captured by the capsule endoscope of FIG. 1A and an estimated position locus are displayed together.
- FIG. 11B is a diagram showing another display example in a case where an image captured by the capsule endoscope of FIG. 1A and an estimated position locus are displayed together.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the shape of an antenna employed in the antenna unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic internal configuration of a capsule endoscope according to a second modification of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 14A is a diagram showing an example of a signal to which the capsule endoscope force of FIG. 13 is also transmitted.
- FIG. 14B is a diagram showing an example of a signal that is also transmitted by the capsule endoscope force of FIG. 13, which is different from FIG. 14A.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing an example of a main part of the capsule medical device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the extracorporeal device of FIG. 1A is connected to the terminal device via the cradle.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the capsule endoscope.
- Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of multiple antennas that make up the antenna unit and the coordinate system set for the antennas.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic internal configuration of the capsule endoscope apparatus of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example of a signal transmitted from the capsule endoscope of FIG. 1 during one frame period.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example different from that shown in FIG. 5A of a signal transmitted during one frame period from the capsule endoscope of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an electromagnetic field component at an arbitrary position P when the position where the antenna of FIG. 2 exists is the origin.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the components of the electric field in FIG. 6 using the components of the orthogonal coordinate system.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how the electromagnetic wave attenuates when propagating through the medium.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an electromotive force detected when the electric field generated by the antenna of FIG. 6 is received by a rod-shaped antenna attached to the body surface.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of estimation processing of the position and orientation where the antenna of FIG. 2 exists.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a display example in a case where an image captured by the capsule endoscope of FIG. 1A and an estimated position locus are displayed together.
- FIG. 11B is a diagram showing another display example when the image captured by the capsule endoscope of FIG. 1A and the estimated position locus are displayed together.
- the capsule endoscope apparatus 1 is a capsule as a capsule internal apparatus that examines the inside of a body cavity when a patient 2 swallows a locus.
- Type endoscope 3 and antenna unit 4 that is placed outside the body of patient 2 and receives image information captured by capsule endoscope 3 wirelessly, and an extracorporeal device connected to antenna unit 4 (or external device) (Equipment) 5 as a main part.
- the extracorporeal device 5 is electrically connected to a terminal device 7 constituted by a personal computer or the like by being attached to the cradle 6.
- the terminal device 7 captures the image stored in the extracorporeal device 5 into the terminal device 7 by operating the input device such as the keyboard 8a or the mouse 8b, and displays the captured image on the monitor unit 8c. Etc.
- an antenna unit 4 having a plurality of antennas 11 attached to a jacket 10 worn by a patient 2 is used for performing endoscopy by swallowing a capsule endoscope 3. Is provided.
- the extracorporeal device 5 can store an image captured by the capsule endoscope 3 while being connected to the antenna unit 4.
- the extracorporeal device 5 has, for example, a box shape, and is provided with a liquid crystal monitor 12 for displaying an image and an operation unit 13 for performing an instruction operation or the like on the front surface.
- the extracorporeal device 5 may be configured to include only an LED for displaying a warning regarding the remaining amount of the battery and a power switch as the operation unit 13.
- a portable display device view 1 that processes the image signal transmitted from the capsule endoscope 3 and displays the provided liquid crystal motor image is provided. It may be connected.
- the capsule endoscope 3 includes an exterior member 14 having a shape in which the rear end side of the cylinder is closed, and a substantially hemisphere that is closed by being connected to the front end side of the cylinder with an adhesive. It has a dome-shaped cover 14a with a rounded shape, and has a capsule shape and a watertight structure as a whole.
- an objective lens 15 that forms an image incident through the dome-shaped cover 14a is attached to the lens frame 16 and is disposed near the center of the cylinder.
- a CCD imager 17 is disposed at the imaging position of the objective lens 15 as an image sensor.
- a white LED 18 is driven to emit light, and a signal processing circuit that drives the CCD imager 17 and generates an image signal from an imaging signal input from the CCD imager 17 is performed.
- a transmission / reception circuit 20 having a function of transmitting an image signal and receiving a signal from the extracorporeal device 5, and a button type battery 21 for supplying power to the processing circuit 19 and the transmission / reception circuit 20. Is placed inside.
- a circular coil (circular loop coil) antenna 23 that is connected to the transmission / reception circuit 20 and transmits / receives radio waves is disposed on the rear end side of the button-type battery 21, that is, on the other hemispherical inner side.
- CCD imager 17, white LED 18, processing circuit 19 and transmission / reception circuit Each part of the path 20 is provided on a substrate (not shown), and each substrate is connected by a flexible substrate.
- the processing circuit 19 of the capsule endoscope 3 generates a control signal for controlling the imaging timing of the CCD imager 17, and captures two frames of images per second in normal imaging. Further, the processing circuit 19 captures an image of 15 to 30 frames per second, for example, at a part where the capsule endoscope 3 moves relatively fast like the esophagus.
- the antenna 23 receives a signal sent from the extracorporeal device 5.
- the signal received by the antenna 23 is processed by the transmission / reception circuit 20 and sent to the processing circuit 19.
- the processing circuit 19 controls the imaging timing of the CCD imager 17 and ON / OFF of lighting of the white LED 18 according to the transmitted signal.
- a magnetic material such as magnet is brought close to the processing circuit 19 of the capsule endoscope 3, a circuit that can be turned ON / OFF in the capsule endoscope 3 is incorporated, and the capsule is encapsulated before the patient swallows the capsule endoscope 3. It is okay to take a picture with the endoscope 3 turned on.
- the antenna unit 4 attached to the jacket 10 worn by the patient 2 shown in FIG. 1A is composed of antennas l la, l ib,..., L li as shown in FIG.
- the capsule endoscope 3 has an imaging circuit 31 including a white LED 18 and a CCD imager 17.
- the signal picked up by the image pickup circuit 31 and processed by the processing circuit 19 is modulated at a high frequency through the transmission / reception circuit 20 and transmitted by radio waves from the antenna 23 having a circular loop coil force.
- a signal transmitted from the antenna 23 is received by a plurality of antennas l la, l ib,..., L li constituting the antenna unit 4 outside the body, and the plurality of antennas l la, l ib,.
- the signal input to the signal processing circuit 34 is converted into an image signal and displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 12. Further, it is stored in a memory 35 such as image data based on the signal input to the signal processing circuit 34.
- the image data stored in the memory 35 can be sent to the liquid crystal monitor 12 by an instruction operation from the operation unit 13 by the user. As a result, the display surface of the LCD monitor 12 Images can be displayed.
- the extracorporeal device 5 is provided with an antenna position & orientation estimation unit configured using, for example, the CPU 36.
- the CPU 36 as the antenna position & orientation estimation unit performs an estimation process for estimating the position and orientation of the antenna 23 built in the capsule endoscope 3 and calculates the position and orientation.
- this estimation process is performed by setting the position and orientation as appropriate in the initial state, and repeatedly performing the position and orientation estimation process using the Gauss-Newton method. At that time, it is estimated repeatedly by the estimation process until the amount of deviation from the pre-estimation value is below the threshold value.
- the CPU 36 compares the estimation value that is estimated by the estimation unit and the estimation value (specifically the position and orientation) estimated by the estimation unit with the pre-estimation value.
- Update correction means for updating and correcting the estimated value is provided.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment for calculating the position and the direction, and only the position or the direction may be calculated.
- the signal processing circuit 34 When an instruction signal for changing the imaging cycle is input to the signal processing circuit 34 by operating the operation unit 13 provided in the extracorporeal device 5, the signal processing circuit 34 is connected to the transmission / reception circuit 33.
- the instruction signal is transmitted, and the transmission / reception circuit 33 modulates the instruction signal and transmits it from the antennas l la, l ib,.
- Signals transmitted from the antennas l la, l lb,..., L are received by the antenna 23 and demodulated by the transmission / reception circuit 20.
- the transmission / reception circuit 20 performs, for example, an operation for changing the imaging cycle.
- an image signal captured by the imaging circuit 31 is transmitted from the antenna 23 of the capsule endoscope 3 to the extracorporeal device 5, for example, together with the image signal as shown in FIG. 5A. Then, a reception intensity detection signal is transmitted to facilitate detection of the reception intensity.
- a detection period Ta for transmitting a reception intensity detection signal and an image signal period Tb for transmitting an image signal are provided, and the intensity detection period Ta has a certain intensity ( (Amplitude) reception intensity detection signal is transmitted.
- the imaging circuit 31 may transmit only an image signal during each one frame period, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B.
- the reception intensity detection signal is received by the antennas l la, l ib,..., 1 li of the antenna unit 4 and input to the transmission / reception circuit 33.
- the transmission / reception circuit 33 demodulates the received intensity detection signal and sends it to the signal processing circuit 34.
- the signal processing circuit 34 is connected to the signal processing circuit 34 for the image signal obtained by the antenna suitable for reception and the reception intensity detection signal of each antenna l is. (Trademark) or other non-volatile memory 35 and store (store) it in memory 35.
- the signal processing circuit 34 may select a plurality of, for example, two antennas as antennas for receiving the image signals, and simultaneously record two image signals having the same contents in the memory 35. good. Further, at that time, the signal processing circuit 34 may perform processing for integrating the intensity of the image signal to be recorded by one frame, leaving the magnitude and result of the integration in the memory 35, and erasing the other. .
- the signal processing circuit 34 sends the image signal obtained by the antenna most suitable for reception to the liquid crystal monitor 12 connected to the signal processing circuit 34. As a result, an image photographed by the capsule endoscope 3 is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 12.
- the extracorporeal device 5 is provided with the CPU 36 as the antenna position & orientation estimation unit. Then, the position and orientation of the antenna 23 built in the capsule endoscope 3 is calculated by the antenna position & orientation estimation unit. As will be described later, this antenna position & orientation estimation unit sets initial values of the initial position and orientation of the antenna 23 (for example, the initial position of the deviation between the center position of the measurement space and the XYZ axis direction). Set as value).
- the CPU 36 estimates the detected value of the electromagnetic field generated in the extracorporeal antennas l la, 11 b, ..., l li using the initial value (0th update value), and actually detects it.
- the update amount for the 0th position and orientation is calculated from the sum of squares of the difference from the (measured) detected value. Further, the CPU 36 calculates the first position and orientation from the updated value of the 0th position and orientation.
- a circular coil or cage arranged in the capsule endoscope 3 is an arbitrary position P (x, y, z) in the coordinate system XYZ with reference to the antenna 23 by a circular loop.
- the electromagnetic field (including the electrostatic, radiated, and induced electromagnetic field components) at the
- H (IS / 2 ⁇ ) (jk / r 2 + 1 / r 3 ) exp (— jkr) COS ⁇
- H and H are magnetic field components
- E is the electric field component
- I and S flow through antenna 23 r ⁇ ⁇
- the frequency of the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna 23 arranged in the capsule endoscope 3 is high. As shown in Fig. 1A, the capsule endoscope 3 and the antenna attached to the body surface of the patient 2 are used. When the distance from the tena 1 Is is sufficiently large, the electromagnetic field (electromagnetic wave) reaching the antenna 1 Is has the largest component of the radiated electromagnetic field. Therefore, the components of the electrostatic field and the induction electromagnetic field are smaller than the components of the radiated electromagnetic field, and these can be ignored. Therefore, each expression of the expression (1) becomes as the following expression (2).
- the electric field E is an expression necessary for the detection among the expressions of the expression (2).
- the electric field E in the equation (2) represents a radiation electric field, which is considered to be a result of AC theory. Therefore,
- the instantaneous value of the electric field E is obtained by multiplying the electric field E in Equation (2) by exp (j cot) on both sides.
- Equation (4) is transformed from the polar coordinate system (r, ⁇ , ⁇ ) to the Cartesian coordinate system (X, ⁇ , Z) as shown in Fig. 7.
- the energy of the electromagnetic wave is absorbed by the medium propagating due to the characteristics of the medium (conductivity, etc.).
- the electromagnetic wave decays exponentially with the attenuation factor ⁇ as it propagates in the direction.
- (x, y, z) and (x, y, z) are the positions P and Y in the coordinate system X Y Z.
- R used in the first term on the right-hand side in equation (8) represents the rotation matrix of coordinate system X Y Z and coordinate system X Y Z, and is obtained by the following equation:
- Equation 10 By substituting Equations (7), (8), and (9) into Equation (10), the following electric field E equation (
- k is a constant, and (g g g) represents the direction of the antenna 23.
- the electric field E generated by the antenna 23 is converted into, for example, an antenna constituting the antenna unit 4.
- the electromotive force Va detected when received by a rod-like antenna such as a dipole antenna as shown in FIG. 9, for example, can be calculated by the following equation.
- Va k E cos y k ((E D E D E D (12)
- k is a constant and Da (see Fig. 9) is an antenna unit in a patient-based coordinate system.
- X is a parameter of antenna 23 position (X yz) and direction (g g g).
- V (X) V (X) + (xx w ) (1 3)
- Ax (k) (A t (k) WA (k) ) _1 A t (k) WAVm (k) (19)
- the weight matrix W is a
- ⁇ (j ⁇ , 8) of the weight matrix W is the fluctuation amount of the measured voltage of the antenna 11, and is, for example, environmental noise.
- the kth AVm is
- the position and orientation of the antenna 23 in the capsule endoscope 3 can be determined by the following procedure (a) It is calculated by (d).
- the position (orientation) can be estimated (calculated) with high accuracy.
- the CPU 36 uses the electromotive force Vm corresponding to the frame F1 of the first image obtained by the antenna l is to use the matrix A and the weight matrix W as shown in (b) above. Then, the update amount matrix AVm of the electromotive force is calculated, and the update amount ⁇ ⁇ of the equation (19) is calculated (kth estimation process).
- the CPU 36 determines whether or not the calculated absolute value of the update amount ⁇ ⁇ is equal to or smaller than a preset small value Vth. Note that the value Vth used for this determination may be set to a different value with respect to the position and orientation.
- step S4 the CPU 36 increases the parameter k by one as shown in step S4, returns to step S2, and repeats the estimation process until the condition of step S3 is satisfied.
- step S5 When the update amount ⁇ ( ⁇ that satisfies the condition of step S3 is obtained in this way, as shown in step S5, the CPU 36 determines the position of the antenna 23 in the case of the parameter k and Orientation information (abbreviated as antenna position information in the drawing) is stored in the memory 35 in association with the frame number Nf.
- the capsule endoscope 3 may record the data at the time of imaging together with the frame number Nf and transmit the data.
- the extracorporeal device 5 may store the data of the time when the signal is actually received in the memory. If the imaged time and the transmitted time are almost the same, only one piece of information may be used. The approximate (local) moving speed of the capsule endoscope 3 can be detected from the information at this time, and may be used for position estimation.
- step S6 the CPU 36 increments the frame number Nf by 1 and sets the position and orientation information of the antenna 23 obtained in step S5 to the position and orientation of the initial value of the antenna 23. Then, return to step S2 and repeat the same process using the electromotive force Vm corresponding to the next frame.
- the memory 35 of the extracorporeal device 5 information on the position and orientation of the antenna 23 is sequentially provided together with the image data captured by the capsule endoscope 3 and the frame number Nf of each image data. Stored (over time).
- the movement trajectory of the antenna 23 in the living body can be estimated (calculated) from the position of the antenna 23 stored sequentially.
- the position of the antenna 23 can be regarded as the position of the capsule endoscope 3 and is stored in the information force memory 35 for estimating the movement trajectory of the capsule endoscope 3 in the living body.
- each of the image data, the frame number Nf, and the antenna 23 stored in the memory 35 of the extracorporeal device 5 is stored.
- Each information including the position and orientation information is transferred to the terminal device 7.
- the terminal device 7 can display each information on the monitor unit 8c.
- FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B show display examples on the monitor unit 8c.
- capsules that have moved through the body cavity are assumed to be connected by straight lines, with each position in the body cavity of the capsule endoscope 3 estimated by the extracorporeal device 5.
- the trajectory of the mold endoscope 3 is displayed.
- an image captured at the estimated position Pi designated for example, with a cursor on the left side
- reference symbols A, B It shows the approximate position of the organ within the body cavity. Specifically, the symbol A represents the esophagus, B represents the small intestine, and C represents the large intestine.
- the display may be as shown in FIG. 11B.
- interpolation processing such as spline interpolation is performed between adjacent positions, and each position of the capsule endoscope 3 estimated in each frame is displayed as being connected by a smooth curve. .
- each position in the body cavity of the capsule endoscope 3 estimated by the extracorporeal device 5 and an image captured at a position corresponding to each position are estimated in the monitor unit 8c. Is displayed. Therefore, the user can easily determine at which position in the body cavity the image taken by the capsule endoscope 3 is taken, and as a result, the diagnosis can be performed efficiently.
- the position can be estimated with high accuracy, so that smooth and short The site can be approached in time, and re-examination and treatment can be performed efficiently.
- the present embodiment has the following effects.
- the present embodiment it is possible to accurately estimate the position of the capsule endoscope 3 existing in the body cavity. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, when the electromagnetic wave propagates in the living body, the position and the direction are estimated by formulating an electric field formula that takes into consideration the effect that the electromagnetic wave energy is absorbed. The position and orientation of the capsule endoscope 3 can be estimated or calculated with high accuracy.
- the locus of each position force capsule endoscope 3 estimated by the extracorporeal device 5 is obtained, and by displaying this locus, at any position in the organ within the body cavity.
- the user can easily determine whether the image has been taken or not. As a result, the user can efficiently perform the diagnosis or the examination when it is necessary to diagnose the lesion or to conduct a more detailed examination.
- a rod-like shape that detects only an electric field component in an electromagnetic field generated by an antenna 23 provided in a capsule endoscope 3 as a capsule internal device. Therefore, the process of estimating the position and orientation of the antenna 23 (or capsule endoscope 3) is compared to the case of using an antenna that detects electric and magnetic fields. It can be done easily.
- typical shape data such as an in vivo organ that moves while being imaged by the capsule endoscope 3, specifically, the esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, etc., is recorded in advance in the memory 35, for example. Alternatively, it may be easy to compare when displaying the locus of movement of the capsule endoscope 3.
- the position or orientation can be calculated with high accuracy by the method described above.
- the position of the antenna 23 (or the force-push endoscope 3) can be calculated at high speed. Accordingly, the position and Z or orientation of the antenna 23 (or the capsule endoscope 3) may be estimated including the case of the first embodiment and its modifications.
- the CPU 36 shown in FIG. 4 functions as an antenna position & Z direction estimation unit.
- the hardware configuration of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- an electric field that also considers the effect when the distance between the capsule endoscope 3 and the antenna lis attached to the body surface of the patient 2 approaches is considered. Is used.
- the frequency of the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna 23 placed in the capsule endoscope 3 is high. As shown in Fig. 1A, the capsule endoscope 3 and the antenna attached to the body surface of the patient 2 are The electromagnetic field reaching the antenna l is The component of the radiated electromagnetic field becomes the largest. However, the distance to the antenna lis is close
- each equation of the equation (1) becomes the following equation ( 24)
- the antenna lis attached to the patient's 2 body surface is an antenna that detects an electric field, among the equations in equation (24), the necessary equation is the electric field E (the magnetic field component was not detected).
- This electric field E represents each component of the induced electric field and the radiated electric field.
- the instantaneous value of the electric field E is obtained by multiplying both sides of the electric field E in Equation (24) by exp (j cot).
- Equation (26) is transformed from the polar coordinate system (r, ⁇ , ⁇ ) to the Cartesian coordinate system (X, ⁇ , Z).
- the electromotive force Va when receiving the electric field E in the antenna 11a formed by the rod-shaped antenna shown in FIG. 9 is expressed by Equation (12).
- the capsule endoscope 3 or the antenna 23 in the capsule endoscope 3) is applied.
- the position and orientation can be calculated with high accuracy.
- the position and orientation of the capsule endoscope 3 can be calculated (estimated) with high accuracy even in that case.
- the third embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. First, the configuration of the present embodiment will be described.
- the configuration of the capsule endoscope apparatus of the present embodiment is different from the antenna 11 used in the antenna unit 4 in the first embodiment in its structure (shape).
- the expression of the electric field detected by the antenna 11 is different.
- a circular antenna (circular antenna that is not closed loop) 11 that is cut as shown in FIG. 12 is used as the antenna 11 used in the present embodiment.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the electric field is detected by the linear dipole antenna 11, but in this embodiment, the antenna is bent into a circle as shown in FIG.
- the electric field generated by the connected antenna 23 is detected.
- the circular antenna 11 shown in FIG. 12 the equations (1) to (11) in the first embodiment can be applied as they are.
- the electromotive force Va detected by the antenna 11a in the first embodiment is represented by the following equation (29) instead of the equation (12).
- k is a constant corresponding to k in Expression (12).
- Subsequent processing can accurately estimate the position and orientation of the antenna 23 by performing processing according to the equations (13) to (23) of the first embodiment.
- the directivity of the linear antenna 11 in the first embodiment can be reduced by making it circular.
- this embodiment has the following effects.
- the influence of the orientation of the antenna 23 is made smaller than that of a linear antenna as in the second embodiment by making the antenna circular.
- EXD
- This expression (30) is a simpler expression than the case of using expression (29). Then, partial differentiation becomes easy, and by performing position estimation using this equation (30), it is possible to perform position estimation processing at higher speed.
- FIG. 13 shows a capsule endoscope 3B in a second modification of the present embodiment.
- the capsule endoscope 3B of the present modification is the same as the capsule endoscope 3 shown in FIG.
- a circular coil 23b that serves as a second antenna whose axial direction is set in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the circular coil 23a (the direction perpendicular to the circular coil surface).
- the axial direction of the circular coil 23a is arranged so as to substantially coincide with the direction of the central axis of the capsule endoscope 3B, for example.
- the axial direction of the circular coil 23b coincides with, for example, a predetermined direction on the imaging surface of the CCD imager 17, specifically the vertical direction (in FIG. 13, the upward direction of the imaging surface is indicated by Up). It is arranged in the exterior member 14 as shown.
- the extracorporeal device 5 uses the two circular coils 23a and 23b to select an antenna suitable for receiving an image signal from the received signal strength.
- the extracorporeal device 5 can calculate the position and orientation of the capsule endoscope 3B with high accuracy. It should be noted that the estimation processing of the positions and orientations of the circular coils 23a and 23b can be performed in the same manner as the calculation of one circular coil 23a.
- the extracorporeal device 5 can determine the upward direction of the imaging surface from the positions of the two circular coils 23a and 23b and particularly the axial direction information of the circular coil 23b in the present modification.
- the extracorporeal device 5 records this information in association with the image. Thereby, when the captured image is displayed, the captured image is displayed in a state in which the direction of the captured image is aligned in a certain direction so that the upper direction of the imaging surface is always the upward direction, for example.
- the capsule endoscope 3B moves in the esophagus or the like with respect to the surface of the antenna 11 that is detachably attached to the body surface, the capsule endoscope 3B temporarily rotates around the axial direction. When the image is rotated, the captured image is rotated.
- the extracorporeal device
- the extracorporeal device 5 can detect, for example, the upward direction of the imaging surface. For this reason, the extracorporeal device 5 is configured so that even if the rotation as described above exists in the image captured by the capsule endoscope 3B, the rotation is present and the image is displayed as a state. Control can be performed.
- the extracorporeal device 5 when the image taken by the capsule endoscope 3B is displayed, the extracorporeal device 5 has a rotation angle around the longitudinal axis of the capsule endoscope 3B. Control is performed so that it is displayed as a constant state.
- the images are displayed with their orientations aligned, so that the user can easily see or diagnose. Almost becomes an image.
- FIG. 14A instead of transmitting the image signal by the circular coil 23a after transmitting the position and direction estimation signals by the circular coils 23b and 23a, as shown in FIG. And 23a may alternately transmit image signals, or the same image signal may be transmitted twice, and the position and direction may be estimated at that time.
- this modification may be applied to the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
- embodiments configured by partially combining the above-described embodiments also belong to the present invention.
- the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a pH sensor. It can also be applied to capsule-type medical devices that provide pH and calculate pH.
- medical treatment may be performed by providing a chemical solution and a means for spraying the chemical solution.
- a signal is transmitted outside the body by electromagnetic waves from the antenna provided inside, and the plurality of antennas provided outside the body Since it is configured to be able to accurately estimate the position in the body from which the biological information was acquired by receiving using this, it can be used effectively for diagnosis.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800157016A CN101179979B (zh) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-04-20 | 胶囊型医疗装置 |
| EP06745527A EP1884184B1 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-04-20 | Capsule medical system |
| AU2006250691A AU2006250691B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-04-20 | Encapsulated medical device |
| US11/631,544 US20080312501A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-04-20 | Capsule Medical System |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005-154371 | 2005-05-26 | ||
| JP2005154371 | 2005-05-26 | ||
| JP2006-015612 | 2006-01-24 | ||
| JP2006015612A JP4813190B2 (ja) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-01-24 | カプセル型医療装置 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006126350A1 true WO2006126350A1 (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
Family
ID=37451779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2006/308346 Ceased WO2006126350A1 (ja) | 2005-05-26 | 2006-04-20 | カプセル型医療装置 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080312501A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1884184B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4813190B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100954650B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101179979B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2006250691B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006126350A1 (ja) |
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- 2006-01-24 JP JP2006015612A patent/JP4813190B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-04-20 US US11/631,544 patent/US20080312501A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-20 CN CN2006800157016A patent/CN101179979B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-04-20 AU AU2006250691A patent/AU2006250691B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-04-20 EP EP06745527A patent/EP1884184B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-04-20 KR KR1020077027341A patent/KR100954650B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-04-20 WO PCT/JP2006/308346 patent/WO2006126350A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JPH11325810A (ja) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-11-26 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 位置推定装置 |
| JP3571675B2 (ja) | 1998-03-18 | 2004-09-29 | オリンパス株式会社 | コイル位置測定装置およびコイル位置測定方法 |
| JP2002236166A (ja) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-23 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 位置検出システム |
| JP2004041709A (ja) * | 2002-05-16 | 2004-02-12 | Olympus Corp | カプセル医療装置 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2008155828A1 (ja) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Olympus Medical Systems Corp. | 内視鏡システム、撮像システム及び画像処理装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080312501A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
| EP1884184B1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| KR20080007627A (ko) | 2008-01-22 |
| AU2006250691B2 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
| JP4813190B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 |
| EP1884184A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 |
| CN101179979B (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
| JP2007000608A (ja) | 2007-01-11 |
| CN101179979A (zh) | 2008-05-14 |
| EP1884184A4 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
| AU2006250691A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| KR100954650B1 (ko) | 2010-04-27 |
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