WO2006111361A1 - Fire fighting in locomotives - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement and to a method for carrying out selective fire fighting in a locomotive (1). Said locomotive (1) comprises a number of operating devices for operating the locomotive (1) and/or for operating railroad cars. These operating devices are arranged inside the locomotive (1) while being distributed over different areas (5 to 16). The arrangement comprises at least one extinguishing agent supply containing extinguishing agent and comprises an extinguishing agent distributing system. The extinguishing agent distributing system is designed for supplying the extinguishing agent to the different areas of the locomotive (1) whereby rendering a locally selective fire fighting possible in individual and/or in a number of the areas (5 to 16). Fire detectors (4) are provided that are each arranged in one of the areas (5 to 16). In addition, an air guiding system is provided by means of which air flows are supplied in the locomotive (1) whereby, in each area (5 to 16) provided with a fire detector (4), enabling a fire to be selectively detected for each area (5 to 16) by at least one of the fire detectors (4).

Description

 Firefighting in locomotives

The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for firefighting in a locomotive.

A Feuerioescheinrichtung for rail vehicles is known for example from EP 0 650 743 B1. The device has a stationary container for extinguishing liquid, which can be acted upon by a check valve with compressed air, and with an extinguishing medium line.

There are types of locomotives are known which have a plurality of operating facilities for the operation of the locomotive and / or for the operation of wagons, wherein the operating devices are distributed over different areas in the locomotive.

Locomotives (understood to include any type of rail, propulsion or control vehicle) are fire-endangered rolling stock, since a fire is more likely to be caused by the operation of various facilities than other rail vehicles. On the other hand, the cost of a locomotive is particularly high and an emergency should be guaranteed even when a fire. In particular, it is desirable that the locomotive can still continue to a point at which a safe evacuation of a train is possible.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement and a method for firefighting locomotives of the type mentioned, with which the damage caused by a fire can be kept low and with high probability at least a run-flat operation is possible.

It is proposed to provide as part of the arrangement an extinguishing agent supply having an extinguishing agent. Furthermore, the arrangement comprises an extinguishing agent distribution system which is designed to guide the extinguishing agent into the various areas of the locomotive, so that a locally selective fire fighting in individual and / or more of the areas is possible. As a result, additional damage that can be caused by the escape of extinguishing agent can be reduced. The arrangement is in particular completely part of a locomotive, but parts of a control device and / or actuating device can optionally be arranged outside the locomotive.

A particular problem with locomotives is the usually very small space that is available for a fire extinguisher. A locally selective (targeted) deletion therefore has the advantage that only a smaller amount of extinguishing agent is needed.

In a preferred development, the arrangement comprises fire detectors, which are each arranged in one of the areas, and an air guidance system. Through the air duct system, air flows in the locomotive are guided such that in each area provided with a fire detector a fire can be detected selectively by at least one of the fire detectors for this area. This increases the reliability of detection and local selective extinguishment of a fire.

The areas in the locomotive that are selectively erasable, z. B. individual equipment cabinets, so-called scaffolding (eg., High voltage power supply) and / or compartments of the locomotive with one or more operating equipment.

This is based on the idea that in locomotives due to the operation of air currents occur or at least occur. The air flows are used, in particular, for cooling operating devices (eg converters), for air-conditioning areas and / or for supplying operating devices. generated with air (eg compressor for brake system). If no special measures are taken (as in the case of the air guidance system according to the invention), a fire can also be detected in an area which is not directly affected by the fire. If, for example, an air flow leads hot combustion gases and / or smoke into a second area adjacent to the fire area, a fire may possibly only be detected in the second area. This may lead to a deletion only in the second area.

The fire detectors are in particular smoke detectors and / or temperature sensors.

The operating equipment for operating the locomotive and / or for operating wagons is, for example, any combination of the following: electrical equipment for the power supply (eg so-called high-voltage or low-voltage scaffolding for driving the locomotive and / or auxiliaries), braking resistors for the dissipation of electrical energy into heat, control device, safety device for safeguarding the operation, cooling device, converter, inverter, transformer, compressor for compressing gases (eg for generating compressed air for a brake system) and / or a fire extinguisher.

In a particular embodiment, the air duct system on air guide elements, which are arranged such that at least some of the areas with fire detectors are traversed by air flowing after flowing into the locomotive and before flowing out of the locomotive by no other equipped with a fire detector area. The air guide elements are, for example, air guide blades (eg, baffles), other elements that restrict air flow along the flow direction, air inlet and outlet devices for venting air in / out of areas or sub-sections, fans, blowers and / or bulkheads (permanent bulkheads or bulkheads that can be opened or closed, eg, flaps) for partitioning areas or subregions against each other. Such an air duct ensures that at least these individual areas are clearly associated with an influx of air and / or exhaust air flow.

In the air guidance system, a central region of the locomotive is preferably used for air supply or air discharge, wherein in the central area no operating facilities are arranged, which are monitored for fire. Through the central region (for example, a running in the direction of travel of the locomotive gear) air can be performed separately in the individual areas in which the operating equipment to be monitored are arranged.

Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which all areas to be monitored are partitioned off from one another such that the air exchange between the areas to be monitored is impeded and / or prevented. It should take place no disturbing air exchange, which prevents a locally correctly associated detection of a fire. Preferably, air should flow into the areas to be monitored essentially exclusively via one or more areas not to be monitored and / or from outside the locomotive. In addition, air can flow from the areas to be monitored into one or more areas not to be monitored and / or to the outside. Apart from a corridor, a collection air line (for supply air and / or exhaust air) and an area in which no essential facilities or merely facilities that do not present a fire risk are considered as non-monitored area (eg extinguishing agent tank or hardly inflammable objects).

In particular, the bulkheads are used to hinder the air exchange between areas to be monitored. It is not necessary for the bulkheads to completely prevent direct air exchange between adjacent areas, ie to close them airtight. Rather, as in a preferred embodiment, it is sufficient if a bulkhead (eg, a sheet) extends over almost the entire free interface between the regions, but leaves gaps at its edges that have a gap width of a few millimeters have a maximum of 3 cm. This can be prevented during operation of the locomotive essential air currents between the mutually foreclosed areas. A small stream of air through the gaps or just a gas or particulate matter Exchanging by diffusion does not result in a fire occurring in one of the areas being detected by a fire alarm in an adjacent, isolated area. The locally correct fire detection is guaranteed despite the gap.

A further preferred measure relates to the active control of air streams for the detection of a fire. In particular, it is proposed to change the direction of an air flow for the purpose of detecting a fire source, to generate an air flow and / or to prevent an air flow. For example, for this purpose, at least one device such as fan, blower or air compressor on or off. Flaps and / or bulkheads can also be opened and / or closed. An evaluation device can in particular evaluate a change of fire detector signals before, during and / or after the execution of the active control measure. From this, a fire can be clearly assigned to a specific area.

A second aspect of the invention relates to the extinguishing agent. This aspect can be combined with the above-described air duct system or even be used without such an air duct system. The aspect is based on the problem that the extinguishing agent can cause damage to the devices of the locomotive, in particular of electrical equipment.

To solve the problem, it is proposed to use water without antifreeze as extinguishing agent. "Without antifreeze" means that the property of pure water, to freeze at a pressure of 1 bar at 0 ° Celsius, is not or only slightly changed by additives. Preferably, demineralized or distilled water is used.

This aspect of the invention is based on the knowledge that, in particular, antifreeze added to the water can cause damage to electrical equipment. For example, electrically functioning or semiconductive materials with a thin layer thickness which chemically react with antifreeze and lose their desired electrical properties may be necessary for the functioning of the electrical devices (in particular in the case of electronic devices). There is a danger especially if, as in a preferred Design the extinguishing agent water is atomized in the area to be deleted under high pressure. In this case, very small quantities of extinguishing agents are needed. Due to the fine, uniform distribution of the extinguishing agent, however, the extinguishing agent also reaches remote or otherwise difficult to access partial areas.

Damage to the electrical equipment can be kept particularly low, in particular, by the following procedure: if a fire is detected in a region in which the electrical device is arranged, the electrical device is first switched off (in particular disconnected from the voltage). Subsequently, the deletion process begins, preferably by generating a high-pressure water mist. After a waiting period to be determined in each case, which begins with the end of the deletion process, it can be assumed that the electrical device is dry again. The waiting time can be shortened by ventilating air, by heating the air in the area and / or by heating the electrical equipment. For example, parts of the electrical device (such as a water-insensitive part whose operation is associated with waste heat generation) may themselves be used for heating. After the end of the waiting period, an attempt can be made to put the electrical device back into operation. In many cases, in particular with early detection and extinguishment of a fire outside the electrical device, the electrical device can be put into operation again.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a container containing at least part of the extinguishing agent is combined with a (preferably electric) heater so that frozen water in the container can be thawed and / or freezing of the water in the container can be prevented. This allows a reliable operation (or the operational readiness) even at temperatures below freezing. Preferably, the heater and the completely filled with extinguishing agent containers are coordinated so that the extinguishing agent can be completely thawed within 60 minutes from the beginning of a heating phase, if it was previously frozen at temperatures of -30 ° Celsius. During a continuous operation of the locomotive, however, it is preferred that the temperature of the total extinguishing agent in the container, if necessary using the heater, is kept permanently above the freezing point.

Preferably, at least a second container with the same extinguishing agent is present, so that a second deletion can be performed. The container is for example a pressure bottle, d. H. a bottle whose contents can be pressurized (for example up to 100 bar, in particular up to 200 bar) by a gas (for example nitrogen from a gas pressure vessel).

The container may be connected via an extinguishing agent supply to at least one of the areas of the locomotive to be monitored for fire and at the end of the extinguishing agent supply in the area at least one extinguishing nozzle is arranged, which is designed such that at its outlet the water is misted as high-pressure water mist can be.

The heater has, for example, a heating sleeve which is in contact with an outer surface of the container and at least partially circumscribes the container.

The arrangement preferably has a control device for controlling a temperature of the extinguishing agent in the container and / or a temperature of the container. A temperature sensor, which is connected to the control device, is arranged on the heater, on the container and / or on a line connection of the container. In particular, the temperature can be regulated to a constant value.

A third aspect of the invention relates to the activation of the erase arrangement. This aspect can be combined with the previously described air guiding system and / or with the second aspect (extinguishing agent), or even without the air guiding system and with other extinguishing agent. The third aspect is based on the problem that the extinguishing arrangement should be available as completely as possible over the entire operating life of the locomotive.

It is proposed that the arrangement can be activated by an activatable from outside the locomotive activation device. Here, the activation Not immediately a deletion process in progress. Rather, the activation merely puts the system on standby and thus makes it ready for operation. In particular, the part of the system is activated, which serves for the detection of fires in the individual areas of the locomotive. This includes fire detectors in the individual areas and an evaluation device (eg a central evaluation and control device of the deletion arrangement). Furthermore, if necessary, the extinguishing agent is made operational. If z. For example, if water is used as the extinguishing agent and the water is frozen, the water is thawed as described above. Thus, the operation of the locomotive can be prepared without entering the locomotive. Thus, there is no danger that after entering a fire that can not be deleted.

For example, the extinguishing arrangement is activated during normal operation by switching on the locomotive. By an additional switch or button that can be operated from outside the locomotive, the deletion arrangement can be activated alternatively to turn on the locomotive. In this case, a period of predetermined length (eg 1 hour) can be defined. If the extinguishing arrangement is activated from outside the locomotive, it remains active over this period of time and is then deactivated again.

After activation, the system is ready for use and any fire that occurs is automatically deleted. This makes it possible in particular already during the upgrade of the locomotive for driving to extinguish a fire.

As mentioned, at least one switch or button can be provided which can be actuated from outside the locomotive. For example, the switch or button on the outer wall of the locomotive z. B. laterally mounted approximately in the middle (in the longitudinal direction of the locomotive). Alternatively or additionally, other activation means are provided, for example an activation via radio, so that the deletion arrangement z. B. can be activated using a wireless remote control. Embodiments of the invention will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. The individual figures of the drawing show:

1 is a schematic view showing the top of the layout in the locomotive,

Fig. 2 shows an extinguishing agent supply within the locomotive and Fig. 3 control technical and signal technical details of a deletion arrangement.

Like reference numerals in the figures indicate like or functionally equivalent parts, portions and features.

The locomotive 1 shown in Fig. 1 has two driver's stands 2a, 2b for changing directions at opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the locomotive 1. Between the driver's cabs 2a, 2b is the so-called engine room, but not only machines in the conventional sense are arranged therein. The spatial distribution of the locomotive and the distribution of facilities required for the operation is, for example, as in the class 185 of the Deutsche Bahn. The schematic diagram in FIG. 1 essentially shows a locomotive of this series, but non-essential details have been changed or omitted for the description of the present invention.

In the longitudinal direction of the locomotive 1 extends a gear 3. At the two opposite sides of the passage 3 transversely to its longitudinal extent are each a plurality of spatial areas of the locomotive 1. The boundaries of these areas are each represented by a rectangle extending from the aisle extends to the respective outer wall of the locomotive 1. Immediately adjacent areas may be completely air-tight against each other or allow air to pass or cross over the common boundary. In Fig. 1, boundaries across which an airflow is possible are represented by an arrow crossing the boundary line. All other boundaries between the rectangular areas are air-impermeable or prevent air flow, for example through a correspondingly designed partition wall at the boundary between the areas. In two places are compared with previous versions of the 185 series additional bulkheads 7a, 7c drawn for airtight Abschotten adjacent areas. In this case, other bulkheads and / or additional bulkheads may be provided in other embodiments.

The subdivision of the locomotive 1 to be described in more detail below is to be understood as an example. Other distributions and combinations of operating equipment are possible.

In the example shown, the areas each have operating devices with which the areas are designated. The spatial area and the respective associated operating device are thus used synonymously.

On the aisle side in the lower part of the figure, the following areas are present from left to right: a low-voltage device (so-called low-voltage NSG) 5, an air flow generator 6a (which is also used as a drive motor fan for the locomotive drive motor located in the underlying bogie), a first bulkhead 7a, a high-voltage device 8 for DC (so-called high-voltage frame DC), a first cooling device (so-called cooling tower) 9a, the air from the right in the illustration adjacent power converter 10a sucks and discharges to the outside of the locomotive 1, a fire extinguishing system 11 with an extinguishing agent stock , a braking resistor 12 for receiving electrical energy during braking, when a return to the electrical network is not or only partially possible, a compressor 13 for generating compressed air for a brake system and another air flow generator 6c, including an underlying Fahrm otor.

On the aisle side in the upper part of the figure, the following regions are present from right to left: another air flow generator 6b, inter alia, for the traction motor underneath, another cooling device 9b for the area "power converter 10b" shown on the left in FIG. 1, an auxiliary power supply 14 (transformer and converter for auxiliary equipment such as pumps and air conditioning), a further bulkhead 7c, auxiliary equipment 15 (so-called auxiliary operating frame HBG, eg with electrical equipment for contactors and fans), a high-voltage device 16 for alternating current (so-called high-voltage stand AC, the electric to the contact wire connected) and another air flow generator 6d, inter alia, for the underlying traction motor.

Outside the locomotive 1, a switch or push button 18a, 18b is arranged on the opposite longitudinal sides, by the operation of the extinguishing system 11 can be activated with the connected fire detectors 4 and their other devices.

The fire extinguishing system 11 is configured with a signaling device 17 for the acoustic and optical signaling of the detection of a fire, the signaling device 17 protruding into the passage 3. Part of the fire extinguishing system 11 is also an evaluation device for evaluating signals that are received by fire detectors 4. The fire detectors 4a to 4h are distributed over the areas 5, 8, 10a, 10b, 15 and 16, with the exception of the areas 10 in each of the areas only a fire detector 4 is arranged. In each of the areas 10, a fire detector 4d, 4g is arranged in the upper spatial area, and a respective fire detector 4c, 4h in the lower area of the room.

The arrows (both the narrow and the wide) in Fig. 1 illustrate air flows within the engine room. In this case, the wide arrows symbolize air currents that occur only during operation of the compressor 13. In addition, air currents can still occur directly from the gear 3 in the individual areas, z. B. when appropriate flaps or doors between the passage 3 and the area are opened. Otherwise, there are no significant, not shown in Fig. 1 with arrows air currents during operation of the locomotive 1 in the engine room. Insignificant air currents, which are caused, for example, by leaks at the area boundaries, are insignificant for a locally faulty detection of a fire. By contrast, the air flows shown in FIG. 1 are compatible with a clear detection of fires which is selective with respect to a specific area. Although find air flows between adjacent areas, in particular by the power converter 10 instead. However, no fire detectors 4 are disposed in the adjacent areas of the power converters 10. In the areas 5, 8, 10a, 10b, 15 and 16, a fire occurring there can therefore be selectively detected in each case.

I l 2 shows a schematic sectional view (vertical section) of an extinguishing agent supply in two extinguishing agent heaters 21 a, 21 b connected in parallel to an extinguishing medium line 29. The extinguishing agent containers 21a, 21b are each connected to the extinguishing agent line 29 via an extinguishing agent removal line 26a, 26b via a flexible piece of hose 27a, 27b connected thereto and via a check valve 28a, 28b. About the extinguishing agent line 29, the extinguishing agent (here water without antifreeze) in the individual areas of the locomotive 1 shown in Fig. 1 are performed. In this case, a distribution system with controllable valves and branches can be used, as it is known per se.

The extinguishant supply is arranged together with the pressurized gas containers 22a, 22b, which are also shown in Fig. 2, containing pressurized gas (eg nitrogen) in the fire extinguishing system 11 shown in Fig. 1. The pressurized gas containers 22a, 22b are each connected to one of the extinguishing agent containers 21a, 21b via a gas line 24a, 24b, which may have a flexible tube piece 25a, 25b, and pressurize the liquid contents of the extinguishing agent containers 21a, 21b during an erasing operation, so that the Extinguishing agent through the extinguishing agent removal line 26a, 26b flows out. Due to the flexible tube pieces 25a, 25b and 27a, 27b, the corresponding line sections can be easily connected to each other.

In the gas lines 24a, 24b, in each case via a control line 20 by a control device (not shown in Fig. 2) controllable valve 23a, 23b is arranged. In this case, the valves 23a, 23b can be controlled individually and independently of one another. Therefore, it is possible to remove only extinguishing agent from one of the extinguishing agent container 21 a, 21 b in an erase operation or at least in a part of an erase process.

On the extinguishing agent container 21a, a temperature sensor 31 is arranged, which is connected via a signal line 32 to the control device (which may also be configured as a control device). This makes it possible to monitor the temperature of the container and / or the extinguishing agent therein. There may be other temperature sen- be provided, in particular also on or in the other extinguishing agent container 21 b.

Further, at each of the extinguishing agent container 21 a, 21 b, a heater 30 a, 30 b arranged. The operation of the heater is also controlled by the controller. Overall, therefore, a regulation of the temperature of the container or the extinguishing agent can be realized therein. The illustrated heaters 30a, 30b are to be understood purely schematically. Preferably flexible heating mats are used in practice, which are wound to heating sleeves around the container.

In FIG. 3, the reference numeral 42 denotes a central control device for controlling the operation of the extinguishing system 11. The control device 42 is connected to the extinguishing system 11, as shown by an arrow, in particular via the control line 20 shown in FIG. 2. Furthermore, the temperature sensor 31 is connected to a signal processor 41 via the signal line 32. The signal processing 41 determines, in combination with the control device 42, whether the heater 30a and / or the heater 30b has to be switched on, switched off, or whose heating power has to be changed in order to bring the extinguishing agent or the extinguishing agent container to a certain temperature. The signal processing 41 transmits the temperature state of the extinguishing agent containers 21 a, 21 b to the central control device 42.

In addition, the fire detectors 4 (for reasons of simplicity, only one of the detectors is shown in FIG. 3) are connected to the control device 42 via a respective signal line, so that the control device 42 can individually evaluate signals from the fire detectors 4. In the event of a fire, a fire alarm signal can be received locally after the individual monitored areas and thus the affected area can be detected.

In FIG. 3, a switch 18 for activating the extinguishing system 11 is shown as representative of or as an alternative to other actuating devices. When the switch 18 is actuated, the activation of the fire extinguishing system 11, i. H. The system is brought into a state in which it can automatically detect and extinguish a fire in one of the monitored areas.

Claims

claims An arrangement for selective fire fighting in a locomotive (1), wherein the locomotive (1) has a plurality of operating devices for the operation of the locomotive (1) and / or for the operation of wagons, wherein the operating devices over different areas (5 to 16) are distributed in the locomotive (1), and wherein the arrangement comprises: at least one extinguishant supply having an extinguishing agent, an extinguishing agent distribution system configured to guide the extinguishing agent into the different regions of the locomotive (1) a locally selective fire fighting in single and / or several of the areas (5 to 16) is possible. 2. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, wherein the arrangement further comprises: Fire detectors (4), each arranged in one of the areas (5 to 16), an air guidance system through which air flows in the locomotive (1) are guided in such a way that in each area (5 to 16) provided with a fire detector (4) ) a fire can be detected by at least one of the fire detectors (4) selectively for this area (5 to 16). 3. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, wherein the air guide system comprises air guide elements (7) which are arranged such that at least some of the equipped with fire detectors areas (5 to 16) are traversed by air, which after flowing into the locomotive (1) and before flowing out of the locomotive (1) by no other area (5 to 16) equipped with a fire detector (4). 4. Arrangement according to one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the air ducting system is designed so that all areas to be monitored for fire such ge are separated from each other that an air flow between adjacent adjacent areas to be monitored obstructed and / or prevented. 5. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, wherein the air ducting system is designed so that substantially exclusively via one or more areas not to be monitored and / or from outside the locomotive (1) air flows into the areas to be monitored. 6. Arrangement according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein a bulkhead to the division of two adjacent areas to be monitored extends over a free interface between the two areas, but remains at least one edge of the bulkhead, a gap with a gap width of 3 cm or less, preferably 2 cm or less. 7. Arrangement according to one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the air ducting system is designed so that all fire to be monitored areas are airtight partitioned from each other and that air from the areas to be monitored only in one or more areas not to be monitored and / or after outside the locomotive (1) flows. 8. Arrangement according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the air ducting system is configured so that the purpose of detecting a fire source, the direction of an air flow is changed, an air flow is generated and / or an air flow is suppressed. 9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the extinguishing agent is water without antifreeze and wherein a container (21) containing at least a portion of the extinguishing agent is combined with a heater (30), so that frozen water in the container (21) Thawed and / or freezing of the water in the container (21) can be prevented. 10. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, wherein the container (21) via an extinguishing agent supply (29) with at least one of the areas (5 to 16) is connected and wherein at the end of the extinguishing agent supply at least one extinguishing 2 nozzle is arranged, which is designed such that at its outlet, the water can be nebulized as high-pressure water mist. 11. Arrangement according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the heater has a heating sleeve which is in contact with an outer surface of the container and at least partially circumscribing the container. 12. Arrangement according to one of the three preceding claims, wherein the arrangement comprises a control device (41, 42) for controlling a temperature of the extinguishing agent in the container (21) and / or a temperature of the container (21) and wherein at least one temperature sensor (31 ), which is connected to the control device (41, 42), is arranged on the heater, on the container (21) and / or on a line connection of the container. 13. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the arrangement comprises an activation device (18, 42) for activating the arrangement, which is operable from outside the locomotive (1). 14. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, wherein the arrangement is configured such that the arrangement after activation can detect a fire in at least one of the areas. 15. Arrangement according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein as extinguishing agent water is used without antifreeze and wherein the arrangement is designed such that the extinguishing agent, if it is frozen, is thawed during the activation. 16. Arrangement according to one of the three preceding claims, wherein the activation device comprises an actuating device (18), by the actuation of which the activation is triggered, and wherein the actuating device (18) is arranged such that they are actuated from outside the locomotive (1) can. 17. A method for selective fire fighting in a locomotive (1), wherein the locomotive (1) has a plurality of operating devices for the operation of the locomotive (1) and / or for the operation of wagons, wherein the operating devices over different areas (5 bis 16) are distributed in the locomotive (1) and wherein extinguishing agent in the different areas (5 to 16) of the locomotive (1) is guided so that a locally selective fire fighting in individual and / or more of the areas (5 to 16) performed becomes. 18. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein air flows in the locomotive (1) are influenced in such a way that in each area (5 to 16) provided with a fire detector a fire by at least one of the fire detectors selectively for this area (5 to 16) can be determined. 19. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein for the purpose of detecting a fire source, the direction of an air flow is changed, an air flow is generated and / or an air flow is suppressed. 20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein water is used as the extinguishing agent, in particular water without antifreeze, and wherein the water is atomized at the outlet of at least one extinguishing nozzle in the selectively to be extinguished area as high-pressure water mist. 21. A method according to the preceding claim, wherein the extinguishing agent is thawed using a heater (30) when frozen and / or the extinguishing agent is heated to prevent freezing of the extinguishing agent. 22. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the arrangement is activated from outside the locomotive (1) for operation. 23. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein after activation of a fire in at least one of the areas (5 to 16) can be detected. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein as extinguishing agent water is used without antifreeze and wherein the extinguishing agent, if it is frozen, is thawed during the activation.