WO2006043642A1 - 流体反応装置 - Google Patents
流体反応装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006043642A1 WO2006043642A1 PCT/JP2005/019327 JP2005019327W WO2006043642A1 WO 2006043642 A1 WO2006043642 A1 WO 2006043642A1 JP 2005019327 W JP2005019327 W JP 2005019327W WO 2006043642 A1 WO2006043642 A1 WO 2006043642A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- reaction
- flow path
- mixing
- temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
- B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
- B01F25/4338—Mixers with a succession of converging-diverging cross-sections, i.e. undulating cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
- B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
- B01F25/4523—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through sieves, screens or meshes which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
- B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
- B01F25/4524—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through foam-like inserts or through a bed of loose bodies, e.g. balls
- B01F25/45241—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through foam-like inserts or through a bed of loose bodies, e.g. balls through a bed of balls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/30—Micromixers
- B01F33/301—Micromixers using specific means for arranging the streams to be mixed, e.g. channel geometries or dispositions
- B01F33/3011—Micromixers using specific means for arranging the streams to be mixed, e.g. channel geometries or dispositions using a sheathing stream of a fluid surrounding a central stream of a different fluid, e.g. for reducing the cross-section of the central stream or to produce droplets from the central stream
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/30—Micromixers
- B01F33/301—Micromixers using specific means for arranging the streams to be mixed, e.g. channel geometries or dispositions
- B01F33/3012—Interdigital streams, e.g. lamellae
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00801—Means to assemble
- B01J2219/0081—Plurality of modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/0095—Control aspects
- B01J2219/00952—Sensing operations
- B01J2219/00954—Measured properties
- B01J2219/00959—Flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid reaction device that reacts fluids in a minute space.
- a fluid reaction device that reacts fluids in a minute space.
- it relates to a micro-reactor that performs reactions such as continuous synthesis of drugs, genes, and proteins in a minute space.
- the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the fluid is large, the diffusion time is shortened because the mass transfer distance is short (why Then, the diffusion time between materials is proportional to the square of the mutual distance (Fick's law), so the diffusion time is shortened, for example, the reaction distance between two substances in a normal batch reactor with a diameter of 1000 mm is 10 mm. If the reaction of microreactors with mutual distances of 500 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, and 10 ⁇ m occurs at the same time as diffusion, the reaction time is 400 times, 10,000 times, and 1 million times, respectively, for a batch reactor.
- a microreactor has been developed as a fluid reaction apparatus for reacting a liquid such as a reagent. Looking at the microreactor from the standpoint of a liquid supply system for flowing liquid, if the inner diameter of the flow path becomes smaller, the Reikarezu number becomes smaller and the liquid flow becomes laminar. In order to quickly mix the liquid in the laminar flow region, it is effective to make the inner diameter of the flow path as small as possible. This is because in the laminar flow region, molecular diffusion is the rate-limiting factor, and the liquid diffusion time is proportional to the square of the width of the channel.
- FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate measuring unit of a general mass flow controller.
- the flow path 3001 is provided with a temperature adjustment mechanism 3002, and the upstream side first temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream side second temperature sensor 3004 are arranged downstream thereof. It has been done.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 is controlled by the temperature control unit 3005 and heats the liquid flowing through the flow path 3001 at a predetermined rate of temperature change.
- the second temperature sensor 3004 is connected to the temperature difference measuring device 3006, and the temperature change at the position of the second temperature sensor 3004 is recorded in the temperature difference measuring device 3006.
- FIG. 40 is a graph showing the temperature distribution in the flow path.
- the position of the first temperature sensor 3003 is represented by Pl
- the position of the second temperature sensor 3004 is represented by P2.
- Symbol D1 represents the temperature distribution when no liquid is flowing
- symbol D2 represents the temperature distribution when the liquid is flowing.
- a temperature difference ⁇ occurs at P2 between when the liquid is not flowing and when the liquid is flowing. Therefore, if the specific heat and specific gravity of the liquid are known in advance, the flow rate can be obtained from the temperature difference ⁇ .
- Such a flow meter for obtaining a flow rate from a temperature difference is generally called a thermal flow meter.
- the flow rate adjustment valve is controlled by the output of the flow meter.
- the conventional mass flow controller has a mass flow control port for gas. Since it was developed based on the mechanism of the roller, it was difficult to use it in a microreactor where the upper limit of the allowable pressure was as low as 0.5 MPa or less. In particular, when a microchannel is used, the reaction product is expected to increase the pressure on the downstream side of the mass flow controller, and there is a risk that accurate flow measurement may not be performed due to liquid leakage. Therefore, the flow control device used in the microreactor is required to have a performance capable of performing accurate flow measurement even when the pressure of the liquid fluctuates and a high pressure response.
- the conventional thermal flow meter obtains the flow rate from the temperature difference, the measurement of the flow rate is affected by the specific heat and specific gravity of the liquid. For this reason, it is necessary to correct the flow rate in consideration of specific heat and specific gravity for each type of liquid.
- the temperature difference also depends on the viscosity of the liquid in addition to the specific heat and specific gravity, so the viscosity of the liquid also affects the flow measurement. The effect of viscosity on flow rate is described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the flow velocity distribution of the liquid flowing through the microchannel.
- symbol VI represents low viscosity and liquid flow velocity distribution
- symbol V2 represents high viscosity and liquid flow velocity distribution.
- the average flow velocities of the two liquids are equal to each other, but the shape of the flow velocity distribution differs due to the difference in viscosity. That is, there is a difference in the flow velocity near the inner surface of the flow path 3001 between the high-viscosity liquid and the low-viscosity liquid even if the flow rates (average flow speed) are the same.
- the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 3007 provided on the outer surface of the panel will be different.
- a plunger pump device or a motor is used.
- the plunger pump forms, for example, a pump chamber by partitioning a space in the cylinder, and each of the pump chambers is connected to a suction pipe via a suction valve and a discharge valve. And the discharge pipe are connected, and the partition plate is reciprocated by a predetermined driving means.
- suction the suction valve is opened and the discharge valve is closed, and the partition plate is moved in the direction of expansion of the pump chamber.
- discharge the suction valve is closed, the discharge valve is opened, and the partition plate is contracted by the pump chamber. Move in the direction you want.
- One plunger pump operates intermittently as shown in Fig. 105 (a).
- a conventional dual plunger pump uses a grooved cam as a drive transmission means, but it is difficult to machine and accuracy is difficult to obtain. Further, the backlash at the time of switching between forward and reverse is reduced. There are drawbacks such as the need to do so.
- an open cam such as an end face cam can only operate in one direction, it is necessary to use a spring that biases the plunger toward the cam. However, in this case, when the plunger is pushed out, the panel needs to be resisted against the urging force, so that the motor load becomes large.
- the uniform state means that the product produced by the reaction is naturally a by-product, unreacted raw materials, other impurities, components that have been eluted in the piping, etc. Is required.
- PAT Process Analytical Technology
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by utilizing the characteristics of the reaction in the micro space, a plurality of fluids can be mixed to perform various chemical reaction operations efficiently. In addition, it can be manufactured at low cost, is easy to maintain, and is a good practical mass production method. An object is to provide a suitable fluid reaction apparatus.
- the flow rate of the fluid can be accurately measured and adjusted without depending on the specific gravity, specific heat, viscosity, and pressure fluctuation of the fluid.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid feeding device capable of continuous operation with suppressed pulsation in a fluid reaction device that reacts fluids in a minute space.
- microreactor channel structure for realizing a mixing and reaction with high yield and selectivity is specifically provided.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an analysis system that can output analysis results in a short time without the need for screening by off-line analysis.
- the present invention also provides an overall configuration of a convenient microreactor device.
- the present invention is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- Fluid that introduces and reacts a plurality of fluids into a reaction channel having a micro reaction space In a reaction apparatus, an introduction unit that individually introduces fluids used for the reaction and a fluid are joined and mixed A mixing flow path, fluid transport means for transporting fluid toward the mixing flow path via a plurality of transport pipes, flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of the fluid, and temperature of the reaction flow path
- a fluid reaction apparatus comprising a temperature control means, a deriving section for deriving a substance after reaction from a recovery port, and an operation control means for controlling these operations.
- a fluid reaction apparatus further comprising a flat plate-shaped mixed substrate, wherein the mixed flow path for mixing and mixing the fluids is provided in the flat plate-shaped mixed substrate.
- the fluid reaction device according to 1).
- the micro reaction space has a channel having a channel width of 500 ⁇ or less.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (2) to (4).
- the fluid to be introduced is a gas or a liquid, and the substance after the reaction is either a gas, a liquid or a solid, or a mixture thereof, and the fluid to be introduced is a continuous flow.
- the fluid transporting means is a plunger pump device in which a pair of plunger pumps are connected in parallel, and a cam mechanism that interlocks the plungers of the plunger pumps so as to alternately advance,
- a plunger pump device comprising: a fluid pressure device that presses each plunger toward the cam mechanism when retracted; and a control unit that controls the operation of the fluid pressure device in accordance with the operation cycle of the plunger.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (2) to (7).
- the pair of plunger pumps respectively perform an acceleration process and a deceleration process at the initial stage and the final stage of the discharge operation, and the timing is set so that one acceleration process and the other deceleration process overlap each other.
- the fluid transport means is a plunger pump device, each having a separate drive device, and a pair of plunger pumps connected in parallel between the liquid source and the microreactor flow path; A flowmeter installed in the microreactor flow path and a control unit that alternately discharges the pair of plunger pumps at a constant predetermined feed rate.
- the control unit is configured so that the plunger pump discharges.
- the plunger pump device according to any one of (2) to (7), characterized in that the feed speed is adjusted at a predetermined timing based on a measured value of the flowmeter at the time of reading. Fluid reaction device.
- the plunger pump device includes a pressure sensor installed in the microreactor flow path, and the controller is configured to control the feed rate based on an output value of the pressure sensor.
- the control unit of the plunger pump device performs an acceleration process and a deceleration process in the initial stage and the final stage of the discharge operation of the pair of plunger pumps, respectively.
- the control unit of the plunger pump device controls the plunger pump to perform a fixed stop process between forward and backward movements. (12) to (: 15) The fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- the plunger pump device force includes a position sensor that detects a position of a plunger of the plunger pump, and the control unit controls a feed speed based on an output of the position sensor.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (16).
- the flow rate control means includes a sensor unit that measures the volume of the passing fluid, and a passage amount control unit that controls a passage area through which the fluid passes based on measurement information of the sensor unit.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of the above (2) to (: 17).
- the flow rate control unit is a flow rate adjustment device that adjusts the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the flow path, and includes a temperature control mechanism that heats or cools the fluid flowing through the flow path, From the time difference between the time when the temperature of the fluid at the first measurement point changes and the time when the temperature of the fluid changes at the second measurement point downstream of the first measurement point, the flow of the fluid flowing in the flow path
- a flow rate measurement unit for calculating a flow rate
- a downstream temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid passing through the second measurement point
- a control valve provided on the downstream side of the downstream temperature sensor, and the flow rate measurement
- a control unit that controls the control valve so that the flow rate of the fluid is constant based on the flow rate obtained by the unit, (2) to (: 18)
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- the flow rate measuring unit of the flow rate adjusting device calculates a time difference between two points corresponding to each other on a temperature curve indicating a temperature change of the fluid at the first measurement point and the second measurement point.
- the upstream temperature sensor of the flow rate adjusting device includes a sensor holder that contacts a fluid flowing through the flow path, and a thermistor inserted into the sensor holder to a position close to the flow path.
- the downstream temperature sensor of the flow rate adjusting device includes a sensor holder that contacts the fluid flowing through the flow path, and a thermistor inserted into the sensor holder to a position close to the flow path.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (19) to (22).
- An environmental temperature control mechanism for maintaining a constant temperature in a space including at least the first measurement point and the second measurement point is further provided. (19) to (23 ) The fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism of the flow rate adjusting device includes a structure having a cylindrical part in which holes forming the flow path are formed, and a heat transfer part that transfers heat to the cylindrical part, and the structure
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (19) to (25), further comprising a temperature control member that heats or cools the heat transfer section of the body.
- the control valve of the flow rate adjusting device includes a valve that adjusts the flow rate and a drive source that drives the valve, and the drive source includes a piezoelectric element, an electromagnet, a servo motor, Or the stepping motor is provided,
- the fluid reaction apparatus as described in any one of (19)-(26) characterized by the above-mentioned.
- the control valve of the flow rate adjusting device includes a valve that adjusts the flow rate and a drive source that drives the valve, and the drive source includes a plurality of stacked piezoelectric elements.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (19) to (27), wherein the fluid reaction device has a structure.
- the flow rate of the fluid passing through the control valve is from 0 ⁇ 01 to: 10 L / h, according to (19) to (29), Fluid reaction device.
- the material of the flow control device is stainless steel, titanium, polyether ether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polychloroethylene, (19) to (31)
- a temperature control mechanism in which the flow rate control means temperature-controls the fluid flowing through the flow path for a short time at a predetermined temperature control position, and a temperature measurement position downstream of the temperature control position of the flow path.
- a flow rate measuring device including at least one main temperature sensor disposed in the position, and determining the passage of temperature-controlled fluid based on a temperature change at a temperature measurement position observed by the main temperature sensor, In the flow rate measuring device that calculates the flow rate based on the determination result, a sub-temperature sensor is installed at a position upstream of the temperature control position of the flow path, and the temperature measurement value of the main temperature sensor is used as the sub-temperature.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (2) to (18), wherein the fluid reaction device is corrected by a measurement value of a sensor.
- the correction of the flow rate measuring device is performed by obtaining a difference between a measured value of the main temperature sensor and a measured value of the sub temperature sensor, (33) The fluid reaction device.
- At least two main temperature sensors are provided at different temperature measurement positions, and the flow rate is calculated based on a passage time difference between these temperature measurement positions.
- the sub-temperature sensor of the flow rate measuring device may be configured such that the temperature is relative to the temperature control position.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (33) to (37), wherein the fluid reaction device is at a position that is substantially symmetrical to the degree measurement position.
- the temperature control mechanism of the flow rate measuring device includes a Peltier element, Seebeck element, electromagnetic wave generator, resistance heating wire, thermistor, or platinum resistor,
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (33) to (40).
- reaction flow path is formed on a reaction substrate provided separately from the mixing substrate in order to advance the reaction of the fluid after mixing.
- a fluid reaction device according to claim 1.
- a first flow path selection switching valve is provided between the fluid transporting means and the mixing substrate, and a second flow path selection switching valve is provided between the mixing substrate and the substance recovery port.
- the fluid reaction device After the fluid introduced into the mixing channel is mixed, it is provided with a fullness detecting means for judging that the fluid is filled in the mixing channel or Z and the reaction channel, and when the fluid is filled It is possible to stop the fluid transportation means or switch the flow path selection switching valve and control the fluid to stay in the mixing flow path and / or the reaction flow path for a certain time to adapt to the reaction end time.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (2) to (46).
- the fullness detection means is a fluid presence / absence sensor that detects a fluid that has started to exit from the substance recovery port, or a fluid presence / absence sensor that detects the presence or absence of fluid in the transport pipe after the mixing reaction.
- the mixing channel and the reaction channel are individually provided with temperature measurement sensors, and the temperature can be individually controlled.
- (2) to (48) The fluid reaction device according to (1) or (2).
- the second flow path selection switching valve includes any of a nitrogen gas supply line, a pure water supply line, an organic solvent supply line, an acid supply line, a hydrogen water supply line, and an ozone water supply line.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (45) to (53), wherein the fluid reaction device is connected to one or a plurality of members.
- the installation space for the lead-out portion is provided with a table capable of holding two or more collection containers and a table moving mechanism, (4) to (54) The fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- the table moving mechanism is a rotating mechanism or a reciprocating mechanism.
- the light source unit of the multispectral analyzer is a light source that covers at least two wavelength regions of ultraviolet light, visible light, near infrared light, infrared light, and far infrared light.
- the casing of the multispectral analyzer is configured to form one flow cell therein, and a plurality of the casings can be detachably mounted on a substrate.
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of (59) to (62).
- a fluid mixing device used in a fluid reaction device that reacts a plurality of fluids in a flow path including a micro reaction space, wherein a plurality of flat base materials are joined to each other and the plurality of fluids are respectively connected.
- the header space is provided along the surface of the base material, and the fluid flows in the thickness direction of the base material.
- a plurality of liquid separation channels that communicate between the header space and the merge space are formed such that the liquid separation channels from different header spaces open alternately at the inflow portion of the merge space.
- the header spaces are provided on both sides of the merge space on the surface of the base material, and the liquid separation channels from different header spaces are shifted from each other in the inflow portion of the merge space.
- the confluence space is formed so as to be bent so that a fluid flows along the surface of the base material after the fluid flows in the thickness direction of the base material.
- the fluid mixing device according to any one of (7 :! to (73).
- the member forming the flow path is made of hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex glass (registered trademark), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchloride), (67) to (80) characterized by including one or more of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene), and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane).
- hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex glass (registered trademark), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchloride), (67) to (80) characterized by including one or more of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (polychloro
- a plurality of fluid inlets and a single fluid outlet after mixing are present on the opposite surface of the substrate. (67) to (83) Fluid mixing device.
- the mixed reaction substrate is provided in the same substrate, and a preliminary temperature adjustment unit is provided to raise or lower the fluid temperature toward the reaction temperature (67) to (84).
- the fluid mixing device according to any one of the above.
- a plurality of first flow paths communicating with the first fluid source and a plurality of second flow paths communicating with the second fluid source are formed inside the mixing flow path, respectively.
- the manifold section is formed by laminating plate-like elements in which grooves constituting the first flow path and the second flow path are alternately formed, so that the opening end face can
- the fluid reactor according to (85) wherein the first channel and the second channel are arranged in a staggered manner.
- the representative dimension of the mixing promoting object is the first dimension immediately before the mixing promoting object.
- a heat exchanger for heating or cooling the first flow path, the second flow path, the merge space and / or the fluid flowing downstream thereof is provided (86) The fluid reaction device according to any one of (95) to (9).
- the heat exchanger is configured by stacking plate-like elements in which grooves constituting the heated fluid flow path and / or the heat medium flow path are stacked.
- the fluid reaction device according to (96) is configured by stacking plate-like elements in which grooves constituting the heated fluid flow path and / or the heat medium flow path are stacked.
- the heated fluid flow path of the heat exchanger that heats or cools the fluid flowing in the downstream side of the merge space is a delay loop for adjusting the synthesis reaction time, and the delay loop pattern is changed or the number of stacked layers is increased.
- the fluid reaction device according to (96) or (97), wherein the residence time in the heat exchange can be adjusted by change.
- the temperature adjustment case has a case main body and a lid, and the heat medium flow path is formed so as to communicate with them (103) to (: 105)
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- a plurality of throttle holes provided in the first header of the case body into which the thermal fluid flows are directly connected to the second header of the lid, and the second header includes the mixed substrate and (2)
- the temperature control means includes a temperature adjustment medium holding mechanism that surrounds the mixed substrate or the reaction substrate and adjusts the temperature of the mixed fluid, a temperature adjustment medium held by the holding mechanism, and a temperature measurement sensor And (2) to (66), and (100) to (: 108), wherein the heat transfer amount adjusting means for adjusting the heat transfer amount between the temperature adjusting medium and the mixed reaction fluid is provided.
- a fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- any one or more of silicon oil, fluorine oil, alcohol, liquid nitrogen, electric resistance heating wire, and Peltier element is used as the temperature adjusting medium. Fluid reaction device.
- the operation control means is provided with a display mechanism for displaying the flow rate of the fluid and the reaction temperature (2) to (66), (100) to (: 117)
- the fluid reaction device according to any one of the above.
- the ratio of the interface between fluids can be improved, efficient mixing and reaction can be performed, and a simple configuration can be produced at low cost, making maintenance easy.
- a microreactor such as can be provided.
- a flow path measuring device that measures an accurate flow rate without being affected by physical properties such as specific gravity, specific heat, and viscosity of the fluid, and a flow rate adjustment device that can maintain a desired flow rate. Can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall liquid flow of a fluid reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction device in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is (a) a plan view and (b) a front view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the mass flow controller.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a mixed substrate.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing a mixing portion of the mixed substrate.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view showing the structure of a reaction substrate
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 10 shows another structure of the reaction substrate, (a) is a longitudinal sectional view along the flow path, (b) is (a) FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line bb, and (C) is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration.
- FIG. 15 (a) to (c) are diagrams showing still another configuration of the mixing unit.
- FIG. 17] (a) to (c) are diagrams showing still another configuration of the mixing section.
- FIG. 19 (a) Plan view showing another configuration of the mixing channel, and (b) An enlarged view of the main part of (a).
- FIG. 28 is a plan view showing the configuration of the mixing / reaction unit.
- FIG. 29 (a) Front view of first heat exchange element constituting preheating block, (b) Front view of first heat exchange element and second heat exchange element overlapped, (c) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first heat exchange element.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the flow of the heat medium in the preheating block.
- FIG. 32] is a plan view showing the configuration of the mixing block.
- FIG. 33 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the manifold.
- First view 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange element 1.
- FIG. 37B is a diagram schematically showing a manifold and a merge space according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram schematically showing a manifold and a merge space according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 38B is a diagram schematically showing a manifold and a merge space according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- Gan 40 is a graph showing the temperature distribution in the flow path.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing a flow velocity distribution of a fluid flowing through a micro channel.
- FIG. 45 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Vn_Vn of FIG. 44, and FIG. 45 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the structure shown in FIG. 45 (a).
- FIG. 46 is an enlarged view showing another configuration example of the control valve shown in FIG. 43.
- FIG. 47 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 50 is a perspective view of the spool shown in FIG. 48.
- FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 52 is a schematic diagram showing the entire fluid reaction apparatus.
- FIG. 53 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction device of FIG.
- FIG. 54 (a) is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction apparatus in FIG. 52, and FIG. 54 (b) is a front view.
- FIG. 55 (a) is a plan view showing the configuration of the mixing section
- FIG. 55 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 56 is an enlarged view showing a merging portion of the mixing portion.
- Fig. 57 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the reaction section
- Fig. 57 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- Fig. 58 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view showing another configuration of the reaction unit
- Fig. 58 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line xvm-xvm in Fig. 58 (a)
- Fig. 58 (c) is the reaction unit.
- FIG. 59 is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration of the garden 59] is a perspective view showing the configuration of the temperature adjustment case.
- FIG. 60 is a plan sectional view of the processing section
- FIG. 60 (b) is a side sectional view
- FIG. 60 (c) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 60 (a)
- FIG. 61 is a diagram showing another configuration of the product storage unit.
- FIG. 62 (a) is a plan view showing another configuration of the merging portion
- FIG. 62 (b) is an enlarged view showing the main part of FIG. 62 (a).
- FIG. 63] is a plan view showing still another configuration of the junction.
- FIG. 64 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 65 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 66 A schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 68 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 67.
- FIG. 68 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 67.
- FIG. 69 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 70 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate measuring unit of a general mass flow controller.
- FIG. 71 is a graph showing a temperature distribution in a flow path.
- FIG. 72 is a diagram showing a flow velocity distribution of a fluid flowing through a micro channel.
- FIG. 73 is a diagram for explaining the principle by which the flow rate of fluid is measured.
- FIG. 74 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 75 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a difference detection circuit.
- FIG. 76 is an enlarged view showing another configuration example of the control valve shown in FIG.
- FIG. 77 is a schematic view showing a flow rate adjusting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 78 is a diagram for explaining the principle by which the flow rate of fluid is measured.
- FIG. 80 is a diagram for explaining the principle by which the flow rate of fluid is measured.
- FIG. 82 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 83 is a schematic view showing the whole fluid reaction apparatus.
- FIG. 85 (a) is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction device of FIG. 83, and FIG. 85 (b) is a front view.
- FIG. 86 (a) is a plan view showing the configuration of the mixing section
- FIG. 86 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- Fig. 87 is an enlarged view of the confluence portion of the mixing portion.
- FIG. 88 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the reaction section
- FIG. 88 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 89 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another configuration of the reaction section
- FIG. 89 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line xvm-xvm in FIG. 89 (a)
- FIG. 89 (c) is a reaction. It is a transverse cross section showing other composition of a section
- FIG. 90 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the temperature adjustment case.
- FIG. 91 is a plan sectional view of the processing section
- FIG. 91 (b) is a side sectional view
- FIG. 91 (c) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 91 (a)
- FIG. 91 (d) is a diagram. It is the elements on larger scale of 91 (b).
- FIG. 92 is a diagram showing another configuration of the product storage unit.
- FIG. 93 (a) is a plan view showing another configuration of the merging section
- FIG. 93 (b) is an enlarged view showing the main part of FIG. 93 (a).
- FIG. 94] is a plan view showing still another configuration of the junction.
- FIG. 96 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 97 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- Fig. 98 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 99 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 98.
- FIG. 99 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 98.
- FIG. 100 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- Fig. 101 (a) Overall view showing the plunger pump device of the first embodiment of the present invention, (b) showing the main part.
- FIG. 102 is a diagram for explaining the operation of each part of one plunger pump.
- FIG. 103 A diagram showing the operation of the plunger pump device of the first embodiment.
- Fig. 104 is a diagram showing a plunger pump device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 105 (a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining the operation of the conventional plunger pump.
- FIG. 106 is a diagram showing a plunger pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 107 is a diagram showing a connection between a plunger pump device and a microreactor.
- [Sen 111] is a graph illustrating control of the feed rate.
- [Sen 112] is a graph for explaining the control operation in another embodiment.
- FIG. 113 is a schematic diagram showing the entire fluid reaction apparatus. 114] FIG. 114 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction device of FIG. 113.
- FIG. 115 (a) is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction apparatus in FIG. 8, and FIG. 115 (b) is a front view.
- FIG. 116 (a) is a plan view showing the configuration of the mixing section
- FIG. 116 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- “Sono 117] It is an enlarged view of the merging section of the mixing section.
- FIG. 118 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the reaction section
- FIG. 118 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 119 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view showing another structure of the reaction part
- FIG. 119 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line xvm_xvm in FIG. 119 (a)
- FIG. It is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration.
- FIG. 123 (a) is a plan view showing another configuration of the merging portion
- FIG. 123 (b) is an enlarged view showing the main portion of FIG. 123 (a).
- Fig. 124 is a plan view showing still another configuration of the junction.
- Fig. 125 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 129 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 128.
- FIG. 128 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 128.
- FIG. 130 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- Sono 131 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a multispectral analysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a multispectral analysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Sono 132 is a diagram showing an example of a reaction to be analyzed by this apparatus.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of another embodiment of the multispectral analysis apparatus of the present invention.
- Sono is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of another embodiment of the multispectral analyzer of the present invention.
- FIG. 136 is a diagram showing a configuration of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 136.
- FIG. 138 is a diagram showing a configuration of another modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 136.
- FIG. 138 is a diagram showing a configuration of another modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 136.
- FIG. 139 (a) and (b) are diagrams schematically showing a usage state of the multispectral analyzer of one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 140 is a schematic diagram showing the entire fluid reaction apparatus.
- FIG. 141 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction device of FIG. 140.
- FIG. 142 (a) is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the fluid reaction device of FIG. 140, and FIG. 142 (b)
- FIG. 143 (a) is a plan view showing the configuration of the mixing section
- FIG. 143 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- [Sen 144] It is an enlarged view of the merge part of the mixing part.
- FIG. 145 (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the reaction section
- FIG. 145 (b) is a cross-sectional view.
- Fig. 146 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view showing another configuration of the reaction unit
- Fig. 146 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line xvm-xvm in Fig. 146 (a)
- Fig. 146 (c) is a diagram of the reaction unit. It is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration.
- FIG. 147 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a temperature adjustment case.
- FIG. 148 is a plan sectional view of the processing section
- FIG. 148 (b) is a side sectional view
- FIG. 148 (c) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 148 (a)
- FIG. FIG. 148 is a partially enlarged view of (b).
- FIG. 149 is a diagram showing another configuration of the product storage unit.
- FIG. 150 (a) is a plan view showing another configuration of the merging portion
- FIG. 150 (b) is an enlarged view showing the main portion of FIG. 150 (a).
- FIG. 151] is a plan view showing still another configuration of the junction.
- Fig. 152 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 153 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 154 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 155 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 156 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 155.
- FIG. 156 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a processing unit in FIG. 155.
- FIG. 157 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the fluid reaction device.
- 1 Raw material storage section (raw material container installation space); 2 Distribution section (introduction section); 3 Processing section; 4 Production fluid storage section (collection container installation space); 5 Temperature control piping chamber; 6 Operation control means (Operation control section) ); 7 Heat medium controller (temperature adjustment means); 10A, 10B Raw material storage container; 12 Cleaning liquid container; 14 Nitrogen gas pressure source; 16A, 16B, 16C pump; 20 Mass flow controller; 20a, 20b Flow rate sensor; 24A, 24B Channel pressure measurement sensor; 26A, 26B Channel selection switching valve; 28 Backwash pump; 32 Channel selection switching valve; 40, 40a, 40b, 40c Mixed substrate; 42, 42a, 42b, 42c Reaction substrate; 46 Temperature adjustment case; 48 Preliminary calo heat flow path; 50, 51 Outlet flow path; 52, 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d, 52e, 52f Mixing part; 54, 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d Header part 55, 55a, 55b, 55c, 55d Header part
- 6142a reaction unit; 6142b reaction unit; 6142 reaction unit; 6142a reaction unit; 6142b reaction unit; 6142a reaction unit; 6142b reaction unit; 6142 reaction unit; 6144a upper plate; 6144c lower plate; 6144b middle plate; 6144d, 6144e 6146 Each temperature adjustment case; 6146 Temperature adjustment 6147A, 6147B Inlet port; 6148A, 6148B Preheating channel; 6148 port; 6150A, 6150B outlet channel; 6150A outlet channel; 6150B outlet channel; 6150A, 61 50B outlet channel; 6156, 6155 Header section; 6155 Header section; 6156, 6157 Separation path; 6156 Separation path; 6156, 615 7 Separation path; 6157 Separation path; 6157a Communication hole; 6158 —Constant time merging space; 6158 Merging space; 6158a Merging space; 6158b Merging space; 6159 Open surface; 6160 Outflow port; 6162 Reaction channel; 6162,
- 7001 Multispectral Analyzer 7010 Casing; 7014 Flow Cell; 7016 Internal Space; 7018 Partition; 7020 Light Emitting Unit; 7022 Light Receiving Unit; 7024 Light Source Unit; 7024a- 7024 g Light Source; 7026 Optical Fiber; 7028 Spectroscopic Unit; 7028a- 7028g Spectroscope 7028a Ultraviolet spectrometer; 7028b Visible light spectrometer; 7028c _ 7028e Near-infrared spectrometer; 7028f Infrared 7028g far infrared spectrometer; 7030 AD converter; 7032 control unit; 7034 display; 7036 storage device; 7038 alarm device; 7040 branch flow path; 7042 flow control valve; 7044 on-off valve; 7046 casing; 7048 Flow path; 7050 'Joint part; 705 2 Light emitting case; 7054 Light receiving case; 7056 Fixing nut; 7058 Mixing' reaction part; 7060 Micro Taenti part;
- the present invention relates to a fluid reaction apparatus for reacting fluids in a minute space.
- the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- Fluid that introduces and reacts a plurality of fluids into a reaction channel having a micro reaction space In a reaction apparatus, an introduction unit that individually introduces fluids used for the reaction and a fluid are joined and mixed A flat mixed substrate having a mixing flow path, a fluid transporting means for transporting fluid toward the mixing flow path via a plurality of transport pipes, a flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of the fluid, and the reaction A fluid reaction apparatus comprising temperature control means for controlling the temperature of a flow path, a deriving section for deriving a substance after reaction, and operation control means for controlling these operations.
- a microreactor as a practical mass production means is provided.
- the present invention can reliably and continuously carry out a high yield reaction in a micro space.
- a flow with a small Reino-Leles number in a microspace of the tens to hundreds of ⁇ m class becomes laminar, and mixing by molecular diffusion becomes the rate-limiting step.
- mixing using laminar flow diffusion is more efficient than conventional mechanical stirring mixing in a micro space of several hundred zm or less. Since the mixing part where the fluid is mixed is a micro space, the diffusion time is shortened and uniform mixing is achieved in a short time. Productivity increases because it is no longer necessary to react and is safe and yield increases. In addition, even if the reaction is complicated and the reaction time is long, a high yield can be obtained by increasing the reaction rate or selectively reacting by using a microphone opening space.
- the contact area with the heat medium fluid can be increased, and the heat transfer rate to the reaction fluid can be increased. Therefore, the temperature uniformity over the entire reaction fluid can be improved and the accuracy of temperature control can be improved.
- Processes used can range from laboratory level to chemical production line, from organic synthesis, inorganic synthesis, catalytic reaction to bio-based biochemical synthesis and fine particle production.
- the condition of the flow path in the mixed substrate needs to reduce the diffusion distance, that is, to have a micro dimension, from the relationship between the diffusion time and the diffusion distance that can be inferred from Fick's law. It is preferable to increase the area of the two-liquid interface after merging by providing a plurality of merging points or placing obstacles such as porous frit pillars in the flow path after merging.
- the flow path width after merging is gradually reduced to 100 / m or less, if possible, to 40 zm or less, and the width of the two liquids in the merged flow is forcibly reduced, so that diffusion mixing can be performed in a shorter time. It is desirable to force it. This significantly shortens the mixing time, enables explosive reactions at room temperature, simplifies the reaction pathway in organic synthesis reactions, and reduces wasteful reactions. Impurities are extremely reduced at a low rate, and the amount of raw materials used is reduced, which is advantageous in terms of running costs.
- a fluid reaction apparatus characterized in that an installation space for installing a storage container for individually storing fluids used for the reaction is provided.
- an installation space in which a plurality of recovery containers for recovering the substance after reaction from the lead-out part can be installed. Fluid reaction device.
- the microreaction space includes a flow channel having a flow channel width of 500 ⁇ m or less. .
- the fluid to be introduced is a gas or a liquid
- the substance after the reaction is either a gas, a liquid or a solid
- a fluid reaction apparatus characterized in that the fluid introduced in the mixture is a continuous flow.
- the flow rate control means includes a sensor unit that measures a volume of the passing fluid, and a fluid that passes based on measurement information of the sensor unit.
- a fluid reaction device comprising a passage amount control unit for controlling a passing area.
- a first flow path selection switching valve is provided between the fluid transporting means and the mixing substrate, the mixing substrate and the substance recovery port.
- a fluid reaction apparatus characterized by comprising a second flow path selection switching valve between them.
- the first flow path selection switching valve and the second flow path selection switching valve are automatic valves operated by an electric operation or a pneumatic operation. Toss Fluid reaction device.
- the mixing channel or / and the reaction channel are filled with fluid. It is equipped with a fullness detection means that determines that the fluid has been transported, and when it is full, the fluid transport means is stopped or the first flow path selection switching valve is switched, and the fluid is mixed for a certain period of time to adapt to the reaction end time. Or / and a fluid reaction device characterized in that it can be controlled to stay in the reaction channel.
- the fullness detection means includes a fluid presence sensor for detecting a fluid started from the substance recovery port, or the presence or absence of fluid in the transport pipe after the mixing reaction.
- a fluid reaction apparatus characterized by being a fluid presence sensor for detecting a fluid.
- a temperature measurement sensor is individually provided in the mixing channel and the reaction channel, and the temperature can be individually controlled.
- a fluid reaction device characterized by that.
- the second flow path selection switching valve is switched to change the normal flow direction in the mixing flow path and the reaction flow path.
- the backwashing means includes a single piston pump as a pressure feeding means.
- the first flow path selection switching valve includes a nitrogen gas supply line, a pure water supply line, an organic solvent supply line, an acid supply A fluid reaction device characterized by being connected to any one or more of a line, a hydrogen water supply line, and an ozone water supply line.
- the second flow path selection switching valve includes a nitrogen gas supply line, a pure water supply line, an organic solvent supply line, an acid supply A fluid reaction device characterized by being connected to any one or more of a line, a hydrogen water supply line, and an ozone water supply line.
- the installation space of the lead-out part includes:
- a fluid reaction apparatus comprising a table capable of holding two or more recovery containers and a table moving mechanism.
- the table moving mechanism is a rotating mechanism or a reciprocating mechanism.
- a fluid reaction apparatus according to the invention described in (1) to (22), further comprising yield measuring means for measuring the yield of the substance after the reaction.
- the header space of each fluid is configured to be continuously supplied to and mixed with each other, the header spaces of the respective fluids are provided on different surfaces of the base material, and the header spaces and the merged spaces are communicated with each other.
- a fluid mixing apparatus wherein a plurality of liquid separation channels are formed such that liquid separation channels from different header spaces open alternately at an inflow portion of the merge space.
- each of the header spaces is formed in a concentric arc shape on the different surfaces, and the merging space is disposed substantially on the center of these arcs.
- a fluid mixing device characterized by that.
- the header space is formed on the front and back surfaces of the base material, and the joining space is formed on one surface of the base material. And a liquid separation channel communicating with the header space on the other surface is provided through the base material.
- a fluid mixing device used in a fluid reaction device for reacting a plurality of fluids in a flow path including a micro reaction space, wherein a plurality of plate-like base materials are joined to each other and the plurality of fluids are respectively connected.
- the header space is provided along the surface of the base material, and the fluid flows in the thickness direction of the base material.
- a plurality of liquid separation channels that communicate between the header space and the merge space are formed such that the liquid separation channels from different header spaces open alternately at the inflow portion of the merge space.
- the merging space since the merging space is provided so that the fluid flows in the thickness direction of the base material, the merging space does not occupy the plate surface of the base material, and the header space and A plurality of liquid separation channels can be freely arranged on the plate surface of the substrate.
- the header spaces are provided on both sides of the merge space on the surface of the base material, and liquid separation channels from different header spaces are arranged in the merge space.
- a fluid mixing device wherein the fluid mixing device is opened at positions shifted from each other in the inflow portion.
- fluid flows from different header spaces flow into positions shifted from each other while facing each other in the inflow portion of the confluence space, and form alternately adjacent flows with a swirl flow. And increase the area of the interface.
- the header space of each fluid is provided on a different surface of the base material, and at least one of the liquid separation channels is provided through the base material,
- the liquid separation flow paths from different header spaces are formed so as to face each other on opposite sides of the merge space and alternately adjacent on the same side of the merge space. Fluid mixing device.
- the flow that is adjacent to each other in a plane becomes a two-layered flow that is three-dimensionally arranged, and the area of the interface is increased.
- the merging space is a stream.
- a fluid mixing apparatus wherein the body is bent and formed so as to flow along the substrate after the body flows in the plate thickness direction of the substrate.
- the merging space is formed to be bent so that the fluid flows along the surface of the base material after flowing in the thickness direction of the base material. Increase in dimension in the thickness direction is suppressed.
- [0207] (33) having a mixing flow path for continuously supplying and mixing a plurality of fluids to a space including a flow path width portion of 500 xm or less formed on a flat substrate;
- a fluid mixing device wherein columnar obstacles having a diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less are arranged at equal intervals over a length of 5 mm or more along the confluence point of the fluid.
- the fine columnar obstacles are dispersed and arranged along the flow from the confluence of the fluid in the mixing channel, so that the mixing device using the microchannel However, it is easily manufactured with a simple configuration.
- the columnar obstacle is characterized in that a plurality of columns of columns are alternately arranged in the flow direction at different intervals.
- the fluid having a portion where the width of the flow path gradually decreases and a portion where the width gradually increases after joining.
- Mixing equipment It is preferable that the surface of the flow path that gradually decreases is on the same plane as the surface where a plurality of fluids merge.
- the fluid mixing characterized by repeatedly reducing and expanding the width dimension and the depth dimension of the flow path after joining.
- the minimum dimension is preferably 100 zm or less.
- the flow path has a flat-shaped portion in which the dimension in the width direction is larger than the dimension in the depth direction. Fluid mixing device.
- Hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex glass (registered trademark) , PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchloride), PD MS (polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (polychlorofluoroethylene), and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane)
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PE polyethylene
- PVC polyvinylchloride
- PD MS polydimethylsiloxane
- Si silicon
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PCTFE polychlorofluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxylalkane
- the material in the wetted part of the mixed and reaction substrate material should be able to be surface-catalyzed with little elution from the surface, have a certain degree of chemical resistance, and should withstand a wide temperature range of -40 to 150 ° C .
- a part or all of the inner wall of the flow path is made of Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu , Ru, Zr, Ta, Nb or a compound containing these metals.
- the base material is a rectangle having a size of at least one side exceeding 150 mm. Mixing equipment.
- a preliminary temperature adjustment unit that raises or lowers the temperature of the fluid toward the reaction temperature in the same substrate and the mixed reaction substrate is provided.
- a fluid mixing device comprising the fluid mixing device.
- the peripheral members forming the flow path of the reaction substrate are SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, pyrex glass ( A fluid reaction device characterized by including one or more of hard glass such as registered trademark), PEEK, PE, PVC, PDMS, Si, PTFE, and PCTFE.
- a part or all of the inner wall of the flow path of the reaction substrate is made of Au. , Ag, Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu, Ru, Zr, Ta, Nb, or a compound containing one or more of these metals Fluid reaction device.
- the mixed substrate and / or the reaction substrate has a heat medium flow path.
- a fluid reaction device characterized by being housed in a case.
- the heat medium flow path creates a uniform flow along the entire area of the mixed substrate and / or reaction substrate, and adjusts the reaction region to a uniform temperature.
- the heat medium flow path has a plurality of branch flow paths along front and back surfaces of the mixed substrate and / or reaction substrate. Characteristic fluid reaction device.
- the temperature adjustment case has a case body and a lid, and the heat medium flow path is formed so as to connect them.
- a fluid reaction device characterized by comprising:
- the plurality of throttle holes provided in the first header of the case body into which the thermal fluid flows are directly connected to the second header of the lid,
- the header of 2 is provided with a second restriction hole that is directly connected to a plurality of branch channels that form a flow parallel to the front and back surfaces of the mixed substrate and / or reaction substrate. Place.
- a material for the temperature adjustment case is any one of Ti, Al, SUS304, and SUS316.
- the temperature control means surrounds and mixes the fluid mixing substrate or the reaction substrate.
- a temperature adjusting medium holding mechanism for adjusting the temperature of the fluid, a temperature adjusting medium held by the holding mechanism, a temperature measuring sensor, and a heat transfer amount adjusting means for adjusting the heat transfer amount between the temperature adjusting medium and the mixed reaction fluid.
- a fluid reaction apparatus comprising:
- silicon oil As the temperature adjusting medium, silicon oil, One or more of nitrogen oil, alcohol, liquid nitrogen, electric resistance heating wire, and Peltier element are used, and a fluid reaction device characterized by the above. Silicon oil, for example, can control a wide range of temperatures from 40 to 150 ° C with one fluid. Or, if the high temperature side is important, fluorinated oil is desirable, and if it is the low temperature side, alcohol is desirable.
- the heat transfer amount adjusting means is any one of a pump flow rate adjustment, a flow rate adjustment valve, and an electric quantity.
- the apparatus includes a separation and extraction means for separating necessary and unnecessary substances in the substance after the reaction.
- a fluid reaction device characterized by that.
- a liquid storage pan for storing liquid leaked at a lower portion of the fluid reaction device, and a leak A fluid reaction apparatus comprising a leak sensor for detecting liquid.
- the operation control unit including the operation control means attached to the fluid reaction device includes a fluid A fluid reaction device comprising a display mechanism for displaying the flow rate and the reaction temperature.
- Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 show an embodiment of the fluid reaction device of the present invention. It is a device to let you.
- the apparatus of this embodiment is installed in a single installation space and unitized.
- the installation space is rectangular and is divided into four regions along the longitudinal direction.
- the first region on one end side is a raw material storage section (raw material container installation space) 1 in which a plurality of raw material storage containers 10A and 10B for storing a raw material fluid and its associated facilities are installed, and adjacent to the first storage area.
- the area 2 is a liquid distribution section 2 in which a pump for supplying fluid from the raw material storage containers 10A and 10B to the processing section 3 and a switching valve for setting a flow path are installed.
- the third region adjacent to the second region is a processing unit 3 that performs a predetermined process on the fed raw material fluid, and the fourth region on the other end side is a fluid obtained as a result of the processing.
- an operation control unit 6 that is a computer for controlling the operation of each unit and a heat medium controller 7 for adjusting the temperature of the processing unit 3 are provided.
- the operation control unit 6 and the heat medium controller 7 are provided separately from the reaction apparatus, but may be integrated as a matter of course.
- a temperature adjusting piping chamber 5 is formed in the lower floor portion of the second to fourth regions, and is used to send a heating medium for heating or cooling to the processing substrates 40 and 42 described later. Piping is provided.
- each facility by arranging each facility from the upstream side to the downstream side, the flow of fluid can be made smooth and the entire apparatus can be compactly integrated.
- force that linearizes the arrangement of the equipment For example, if the entire space is close to a square, each equipment may be configured such that the fluid flow forms a loop. Such divisions are approximate, and each facility can be arranged as appropriate in order to make effective use of the vacant space during design.
- a plurality (six in this embodiment) of storage containers 10A, 10B are installed. Of course, the necessary number of storage containers 10A and 10B may be used. By storing the same fluid in the two storage containers 10A and 10B and using them alternately, the processing can be performed continuously.
- a cleaning liquid container 12 containing organic solvents such as acetone for line cleaning, hydrochloric acid, pure water, etc., or a nitrogen gas pressure source 14 for purging, etc. may be placed in the raw material reservoir 1 Good. Further, a waste liquid container 36 may be placed.
- the liquid distribution section (introduction section) 2 is connected to the raw material storage containers 10A and 10B via fluid inlets.
- Raw material pumps 16A and 16B and their associated facilities are installed.
- the discharge amount of each raw material pump 16A, 16B is controlled by the number of rotations of the motors 18A, 18B driving the raw material pumps 16A, 16B, the raw material pumps 16A, 16B have pressure generating means and flow rate. It also serves as an adjustment means.
- the raw material pumps 16A and 16B in Fig. 1 are of the piston type. Examples of other pressure generating means and flow rate adjusting means are shown in FIGS.
- the pressure generating means and the flow rate adjusting means may be configured separately.
- the liquid is pumped by sending pressure gas from the nitrogen gas pressure source 14 to the storage containers 10A and 10B, and the flow rate is adjusted by the mass flow controller 20 provided at the outlet.
- the mass flow controller 20 has a sensor unit for measuring heat and a piezo-piezoelectric sensor, and a sensor unit for measuring the flow rate and a controller for controlling the flow rate.
- the sensor unit may be, for example, an ultrasonic piezoelectric element type flow sensor 2 Oa as shown in FIG. 5 (a) or a differential pressure type flow sensor 20b as shown in FIG. 5 (b).
- the controller section may be a controller 20d using a piezo piezoelectric element type spool shown in FIG. 5 (a) or (b) or a controller 20c using a magnetic levitation type spool as shown in FIG.
- relief valves 22A and 22B arranged in the transport pipes 21A and 21B on the downstream side of the raw material pumps 16A and 16B, pressure sensors 24A and 24B in the flow path, flow paths Selection There are selector valves 26A, 26B and backwash pump 28.
- the flow path selection switching valves 26A and 26B are connected to a cleaning liquid container 12 and a nitrogen gas pressure source 14 for purging, in addition to a normal line.
- the backwash pump 28 is used when the inside of the flow path is blocked with a product.
- the pump 28 discharges organic solvent, hydrochloric acid, pure water and the like from the cleaning liquid container 12 and is connected to the downstream outlet of the reaction substrate described later via the flow path selection switching valve 32.
- the cleaning liquid flows in the opposite direction to the normal path, and is put into the waste liquid storage container 36 from the waste liquid port 34 through the flow path selection switching valves 26A and 26B from the inlet of the mixed substrate 40.
- the pump 28 is preferably a single piston type pump so that the generated pressure is high and the product can be moved by the pulsating force.
- the organic solvent acetone, ethanol, methanol, or the like is used, and nitric acid, phosphoric acid, or an organic acid may be used instead of hydrochloric acid.
- Hydrogen water is a catalyst such as Pd and Ni Used as a side effect. Ozone water is used for oxidizing cleaning. It is also possible to receive the raw material solution from the inlet 140 via piping from an external raw material tank.
- the processing unit 3 has two processing substrates, that is, a mixed substrate 40 and a reaction substrate 42 as shown in FIGS.
- the mixed substrate 40 and the reaction substrate 42 are flat plate members formed by joining two or more laminated grooves having a predetermined shape formed on at least one surface of a thin plate-like substrate 44 .
- the flow path is formed inside by the groove on the surface of the base material 44.
- the shape and dimensions of the flow path are designed according to the reaction process of the treatment to be performed.
- the material of the base material 44 is also selected according to the processing as described later, and designed to have a thickness necessary to withstand the working pressure.
- Fig. 7 shows a mixed substrate 40 for performing preheating (preliminary temperature adjustment) and mixing processing.
- the grooves forming the flow path are all formed in the intermediate plate 44b.
- the solid line indicates the groove formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 44b
- the chain line indicates the groove formed on the lower surface of the intermediate plate 44b. . That is, the two inflow ports 47 formed through the upper plate 44a communicate with the two preheating channels 48 formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 44b.
- Each of these preheating channels 48 diverges on the way and expands, merges again, leads to outlet channels 50 and 51, and further to mixing unit 52.
- One outlet channel 50 is formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 44b, and the other outlet channel 51 is formed on the lower surface of the middle plate 44b.
- the mixing portion 52 includes header portions 54, 55 formed as arc-shaped grooves respectively communicating with the outlet channels 50, 51 on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate plate 44b.
- header portions 54, 55 formed as arc-shaped grooves respectively communicating with the outlet channels 50, 51 on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate plate 44b.
- the separation flow paths 56 and 57 and the merge space 58 are formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 44b, and the separation flow paths 56 and 57 are alternately arranged to communicate with the header portions 54 and 55, respectively.
- the liquid separation flow path 57 that communicates with the header section 55 on the lower surface side communicates with the communication hole 57a that penetrates the intermediate plate 44b.
- the merge space 58 is formed so that the width gradually decreases toward the outlet side at the other end, and the middle plate 44b and the other end side are formed. And an outflow port 60 formed through the lower plate 44c.
- liquid separation channels 56 for liquid A and four liquid separation channels 57 for liquid B are alternately arranged on the opening surface 59 on the inlet side of the merge space 58.
- the outflowing A and B liquids gradually reduce the width of the channel with alternating layered and striped flows. In this case, it reaches 40 zm, and both liquids are forcibly mixed. The width gradually increases thereafter, and a steady flow velocity is obtained.
- FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) show a reaction substrate 42.
- two substrates 44 are joined to form a reaction substrate 42 of a total of 5 mm.
- the reaction channel 62 is formed in a meandering manner, and a long channel is efficiently provided.
- the reaction channel 62 is formed such that the connecting portions 62a and 62c connected to the inlet port 64 and the outlet port 65 are narrow and the central meandering portion 62b is wide. Therefore, it is squeezed at the entrance / exit and flows rapidly, avoiding by-product adhesion, and flows slowly at the center so that the heating and reaction time can be extended.
- FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) show another example of the reaction substrate 42a having a portion 63a in which the width of the shape of the flow path gradually decreases and a portion 63b in which the width gradually increases.
- a reaction channel 63 is formed between the substrates 44d and 44e, the width dimension of which increases or decreases in the range of maximum a to minimum b.
- the depth may be increased or decreased according to the increase or decrease of the width dimension. In this example, the depth changes from the maximum c to the minimum d so that the cross-sectional area of the channel is constant.
- FIG. 10 (c) shows a cross section of the reaction flow path 63c in the reaction substrate 42b of another embodiment.
- This reaction channel 63c has a flat shape with a large width e and a large depth, and has a wide heat transfer surface that intersects the direction of heat transfer from the thermal catalyst (indicated by an arrow). Heat transfer is effectively performed.
- a catalyst is selected depending on the type of reaction.
- the arrangement can be performed, for example, by applying to the inner surface of the flow path or as an obstacle to the flow path as will be described later.
- the material forming at least the flow path of the base material 44 forming these substrates 40 and 42 is, for example, For example, SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex glass (registered trademark) hard glass, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchloride), PD MS (polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), In consideration of the internal forces of PCTFE (polycnl orotrifluoroethylene) and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane), chemical tolerance, pressure resistance, thermal conductivity, heat resistance, etc., a preferable one is selected.
- PCTFE polycnl orotrifluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxylalkane
- the wetted parts of the mixed substrate 40 and reaction substrate 42 material have little elution from the surface and can be surface-catalyzed, have a certain degree of chemical resistance, and have a wide temperature range of _40 to 150 ° C. I want something that can withstand.
- FIG. 11 shows the configuration of the processing block.
- the temperature adjustment case 46 includes a case main body 72 in which a space 70 for accommodating the processing substrates 40 and 42 is formed, and a lid portion covering the case main body 72. These are formed with grooves 76 constituting a plurality of parallel heat medium flow paths opened to the inner surface.
- a liquid supply path 78 and a drainage path 80 (see FIG. 12 (a)) communicating with these grooves 76 are formed in the case body 72, and the liquid supply path 78 and the drainage path 80 are respectively connected to the liquid supply pipes. And connected to the heat medium controller 7 via a return pipe.
- These liquid supply path 78 and drainage path 80 are also communicated with each other through the opening on the lid 74 side to be joined.
- the processing substrates 40 and 42 are heated or cooled while completely accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 46, and the heat transfer fluid is the mixed substrate 40 or the front and back surfaces of the reaction substrate 42.
- the heat transfer fluid is the mixed substrate 40 or the front and back surfaces of the reaction substrate
- the heat medium controller 7 includes a control mechanism for correcting the medium temperature and a transport pump for transporting the heat medium.
- the heat transfer fluid passes through the individual heat exchangers 82 and then reaches the heat transfer port 84 of the temperature adjustment case 46 of the mixed substrate 40 and the reaction substrate 42 via the heat transfer pipe.
- the heat exchanger 82 can change individual temperatures of the heat medium, for example, by changing the amount of brine for cooling.
- FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (d) show other examples of the temperature adjustment case 46.
- the heat medium flow path is provided inside the case main body 72 and the lid portion 74, respectively. Is formed.
- the liquid supply path 78 has a double pipe configuration in which the tip of the liquid supply pipe 88 is inserted, and the heat medium flow path 92 is connected through the narrow communication path 90. Communicating with The drain side has the same configuration.
- the mixed substrate 40 and the reaction substrate 42 are composed of bolts 94, nuts 95 and screws. They are stacked and joined via the spacer 96.
- FIG. 12 (b) shows a path for supplying and discharging the raw material solution to the processing substrates 40 and 42 accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 46.
- the flow between the processing substrates 40 and 42, for example, from the mixed substrate 40 to the reaction substrate 42 is performed via a communication pipe 100 that communicates the flow path 98 of the temperature adjustment case 46.
- FIG. 12 (d) illustrates the structure of the inflow part and the outflow part of the liquid to the reaction substrate 42.
- the liquid substrate of the processing substrates 40 and 42 is usually formed at the upper surface and the outlet at the lower surface.
- the outlet 102 of the reaction substrate 42 is connected to the product fluid reservoir 4 via the recovery pipe 104.
- the product fluid storage unit 4 is provided with a recovery container 108 on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 106 for cooling, the flow path selection switching valve 32 and the like.
- the product fluid reservoir 4 in which the recovery container 108 is placed is isolated so as not to be affected by temperature and the like from other regions and to block toxic gas that may be generated from the product fluid.
- FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the product fluid reservoir 4, and a plurality of recovery containers 108 are held on the rotary table 112.
- the actuator 114 for moving the rotary table 112 is a 180-degree rotary actuator.
- the number of the recovery container 108 and the type of the actuator 114 can be appropriately selected.
- the operation control unit 6 determines the replacement timing of the recovery container 108 using a liquid level detection sensor 11 lb that detects the liquid level of the recovery container 108, stops the liquid flow using the flow path selection switching valve 32, and recovers the substance. This is confirmed by the optical fluid detection sensor 11 la provided downstream of the port 110 and the actuator 114 is operated.
- a process of producing a product such as a chemical solution using the fluid reaction apparatus configured as described above will be described.
- the processes that can be automated are basically automatically controlled by the operation control unit 6.
- the raw material solutions A and B required in the raw material reservoir 1 are prepared in the storage containers 10A and 10B.
- the required mixed substrate 40 and reaction substrate 42 are selected as processing substrates and installed in the processing unit 3.
- the temperature of the heat medium is set by the heat medium controller 7 and the amount of the brine in the heat exchanger 82 is adjusted to adjust the temperature of each heat medium path.
- the temperature adjustment case 46 is circulated to maintain them at a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature is controlled while flowing pure water for cleaning, etc. through the flow paths in the force processing boards 40, 42 managed by the temperature sensors 116, 118 provided at the inlet to the temperature adjustment case 46.
- the measurement can be performed accurately by measuring with the temperature sensors 120 and 122 at the outlet of the mixed substrate 40 and feeding back.
- the flow path selection switching valve 32 is switched, and the raw material storage containers 10A, 10B to the pumps 16A, 16B, the mixing substrate 40, the reaction substrate 42, the outlet 10 2 Then, a processing flow path from the recovery port 110 to the recovery container 108 is formed, and the pumps 16A and 16B are operated to feed the raw material solutions A and B at a predetermined flow rate, respectively.
- the flow path selection valve 32 is an automatic valve that is actuated by an actuator, and these operations can be automatically operated.
- the solutions are preheated to a predetermined temperature in the preheating unit, and then merged and mixed in the mixing unit 52.
- each liquid flows from the header portions 54 and 55 via the separation flow paths 56 and 57 into the merge space 58 from the alternately arranged processing, and further the cross section decreases as it moves downward.
- a micro-size flow is mixed regularly and mixed quickly according to Fick's law.
- the reaction channel 62 is formed to be sufficiently wide compared to the mixing channel, so that even when the reaction rate is low, the reaction can be performed over a sufficient amount of time, resulting in a high yield. Can be obtained.
- the obtained product is sent from the outlet 102 of the reaction channel 62 to the heat exchanger 106 via the recovery pipe 104, where it is cooled and P is collected from the recovery port 110. Flow into.
- the raw material storage containers 10A and 10B are empty or the recovery container 108 is full, continuous operation is possible by switching the flow path selection switching valves 26A and 26B and replacing them with other containers. It is. If the reaction takes a long time, the liquid can be confined in the mixed substrate 40 and the reaction substrate 42 for a certain time to perform batch operation. Since the flow path selection valves 26 A and 26 B are also automatic valves, these operations can be automatically operated.
- the pumps 16A and 16B in Fig. 1 may be temporarily stopped.
- the inflow to the processing unit 3 may be stopped by switching the path selection switching valves 26A and 26B.
- a fullness detection means for determining that the fluid is filled in the mixing channel or / and the reaction channel.
- an optical fluid detection sensor 11 la as shown in FIG. 13 is used.
- Fig. 14 (a) shows a mixing portion 52a of another embodiment.
- the two header portions 54a, 55a are not arc-shaped but extend linearly in the width direction, and the joining space.
- the front end side of 58a that is, the urging force on the header portion 54a, the width W on the other side is set to be substantially the same as the width of the header portion 54a.
- the liquid separation channels 56a and 57a extend in parallel to each other and are formed so as to communicate the header portion and the merge space.
- the merge space 58 is formed in a trapezoidal shape in plan view so that the width gradually decreases toward the outlet side at the other end, and is formed through the middle plate 44b and the lower plate 44c on the other end side.
- the outlet port 60 is open.
- the header portions 54a and 55a are formed separately on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle plate 44b, and the one header portion 55a and the liquid separation channel 57a penetrate the middle plate 44b.
- the communication holes 57x communicate with each other.
- This embodiment has advantages that the manufacturing process is easier and the shift to the scale-up model is easier than the embodiment of FIG.
- the first point is that in the case of FIG. 8, the separation flow paths 56a and 57a are close to each other in the vicinity of the confluence space 58a. This is because there is no such problem in the embodiment.
- the second point is related to the first point and will be described below.
- the apparatus when a reaction apparatus including a mixing unit is used for manufacturing a pharmaceutical product, the apparatus is used not only at the development stage but also at the production stage. If we move from the development stage to the production stage, the mixing section must also support scale-up. For example, if the initial flow rate is 0. lL / h, preclinical is 1 The L / h level, the pilot plant level is 50 L / h, and the production plant level is 100 to 200 L / h, which requires a scale-up of about 1000 times compared to the original development machine.
- the width of the flow path is a factor that affects the basic performance of the device and basically does not change, so the number of separation flow paths will be increased.
- the part where the liquid separation channels 56 and 57 gather is the manufacturing neck. Therefore, if the minimum dimension of the grooves in this part is predetermined, the width on the header side increases as the number increases, resulting in an increase in the size (chip size) of the device. In the embodiment of FIG. 14 (a), the width W only increases as shown in FIG. 14 (b) in proportion to the processing amount, that is, in proportion to the processing amount.
- FIG. 15 shows a mixing unit 52b according to still another embodiment.
- the two header parts 54b and 55b are formed in a U shape in a plan view, and the two side branch parts 54x and 55x are formed. They are arranged symmetrically with respect to the same center line.
- the merge space 58b is a space extending downward.
- the side branch portions 54x and 55x forces of the two header portions 54b and 55b extend in parallel to the central line, and the separation flow channels 56b and 57b open in the merge space 58b.
- the separation flow paths 56b and 57b from the different header portions 54b and 55b are arranged so as to be alternately adjacent to each other on the same side and open at positions facing each other on the opposite side in the merge space 58b. Yes.
- the merge space 58b extends vertically in the lowermost base material 44d, but the shape, dimensions, etc. are the same as in the previous embodiment.
- the flow from the separation flow paths 56b, 57b forms a flow that is alternately adjacent in a plane, but in this embodiment, this is a two-dimensional structure. It becomes the arranged laminar flow. Therefore, the area of the interface with the P-contacting flow increases and mixing by diffusion is further promoted. Moreover, since the opposing flows collide with each other, the flow becomes finer, and the mixing effect is enhanced by the effect of increasing the area of the interface.
- This embodiment has the advantage of easy transition to the scale-up model as in the case of FIG.
- FIG. 16 shows a mixing unit 52c according to still another embodiment.
- the mixing space 58c is formed of an orthogonal part 58x extending downward and a parallel part 58y extending along the plate surface.
- the total length of the mixing space 58b extends in the vertical direction, that is, in the thickness direction of the base material 44, the overall size increases, or conversely, the mixing space 58b increases. The problem is that the length is restricted. In addition, it is not easy in manufacturing to form a space in the thickness direction.
- the mixing space 58c is formed of the orthogonal portion 58x extending downward and the parallel portion 58y extending along the plate surface, the increase in the plate thickness is slight, and the manufacturing process is processed to a flat plate surface. Then, it can be handled in the same process as other parts that are stacked.
- FIG. 17 shows a mixing unit 52d of still another embodiment.
- the two header units 54d and 55d are separated on both sides of the mixing space 58d.
- the mixing space 58d is formed so as to extend downward along the plate surface once as shown in FIG.
- the liquid separation flow paths 56d and 57d from the different header portions 54d and 55d are opposed to each other in the mixing space 58d and open while being shifted from each other.
- the flow from the separation flow paths 56d and 57d forms adjacent flows alternately in a plane, and a mixing space is formed while forming a swirling flow between adjacent flows as shown in FIG. Go down 58d.
- the swirl flow also increases the area of the interface between the two liquids, which can enhance the mixing effect.
- FIG. 18 shows a modification of the mixing portion of FIG. 17, and the two header portions 54d and 55d are formed on the same side surface of the base material 44b. Since the mixing space 58c has the orthogonal portion 58x extending downward, the force S can be formed to form the two header portions 54d and 55d on both sides of the same surface as the mixing space 58c, and the separation flow paths 56d and 57d can be formed. This is because they can be opened alternately without interfering with each other.
- FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of the mixing part 52e in the mixed substrate 40.
- the obstacle 124 is placed over a predetermined distance L at a constant interval a in the merge space 58e that merges in a Y-shape.
- Each obstacle 124 is arranged in a staggered pattern so that adjacent ones are shifted by half of the pitch in the flow direction. As a result, the interface meanders, so the interface area between the two fluids can be increased.
- the obstacle 124 is arranged in a line in the merge space 58f.
- the force S can be increased to increase the interface area. This is suitable for use in a narrower merge space 58f.
- FIG. 21 shows another embodiment of the liquid flow of the processing unit 3 of the fluid reaction device.
- the combination of the mixed substrate 40 ⁇ the reaction substrate 42 is provided with two systems Rl, R2, and further the raw material solution A, using the flow path selection switching valves 26A, 26B of the liquid distribution section 2.
- B can be supplied to both systems Rl and R2.
- the above-described batch operation can be continuously performed by alternately switching the line 1 with the flow path selection switching valves 26A and 26B. Of course, three or more such lines can be provided in parallel as appropriate. In this case, the flow path selection valve switching valves 26A and 26B can be automatically operated.
- FIG. 22 shows an example in which a plurality of reaction substrates are arranged in series in the processing unit 3.
- individual temperature sensors 120, 122a, 122b, and 122c are provided on a total of four processing substrates, that is, the mixed substrate 40 and the three reaction substrates 42a, 42b, and 42c. It is possible to control the temperature of 42b and 42c independently.
- the configuration of the processing unit 3 of this embodiment is suitable for reactions in which the reaction time and reaction temperature are to be changed boldly and instantaneously, such as biochemical reactions. For example, a reaction such as 100 ° C for reaction substrate 42a and -20 ° C for reaction substrate 42b is possible with this system.
- FIG. 23 shows an embodiment in which a plurality of mixed substrates 40 are provided in the processing unit 3.
- a second mixed substrate 40a is provided downstream of the mixed substrate 40 and the reaction substrate 42 for mixing and reacting the A liquid and the B liquid.
- the third raw material solution transported from the pump 16C is provided.
- C solution which is a reactant, and mix.
- the temperatures of these two mixed substrates 40, 40a and one reaction substrate 42 are individually controlled.
- Liquid C may be a reaction terminator.
- an in-line yield evaluator 126 is directly connected to the outlet 102 downstream of the second mixed substrate 40a. As a result, the yield of the chemical reaction result can be confirmed in real time, and can be immediately fed back to the process parameters.
- the inline yield evaluator 126 is a method that can measure without separating the measurement object. There are methods such as light, near infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet absorption.
- separation / extraction means 128 for separating unnecessary substances and necessary substances from the reaction product is further provided.
- the separation / extraction means 128 includes a separation wall formed by a hydrophobic wall 130 that allows only hydrophobic molecules in the substance to pass therethrough and a hydrophilic wall 132 that allows only the hydrophilic molecules in the substance to pass through. It is branched on road 134.
- the separated substances are collected in the collection containers 108 and 108a through the collection pipes 104 and 104a, respectively.
- the separation and extraction means 128 it is also possible to use a membrane or a porous frit that can adsorb only a hydrophobic substance.
- FIG. 24 shows an embodiment for carrying out a continuous reaction process by repeating mixing / reaction and separation / extraction. Unnecessary substances after the reaction of liquid A and liquid B are discharged out of the system through outlet 134a, and unnecessary substances in the second reaction with the liquid C remaining are discharged out of the system through outlet 134b.
- the fourth solution, D solution may be a reaction stopper or another raw material solution.
- an in-line yield evaluator 126 may be provided.
- FIG. 25 (a) shows a configuration in which the circuit of FIG. 24 is stacked.
- the fluid flows from top to bottom.
- Each block in the figure is housed in a mixed substrate 40a, reaction substrate 42a, separation / extraction substrate 128a, mixed substrate 40b, reaction substrate 42b, separation / extraction substrate 128b, and mixed substrate 4 Oc force temperature adjustment case 46. Furthermore, it is laminated by Bonoleto 94, nut 95, and spacer 96.
- the movement of the liquid between the substrates is performed through a communication path 100. Air is interposed between each block, and the heat control of the air is used to prevent the influence of heat from other blocks, thereby improving the temperature control accuracy.
- a heat insulating material such as a silicon member 136 that is clean and contains bubbles.
- the fluid introduced into the fluid reaction apparatus of the present invention is liquid, gas, and the recovered substance is liquid, gas, solid, or a mixture thereof. It is also possible to install a powder dissolver in the space of the raw material reservoir 1 in 1.
- FIG. 26 shows an embodiment of the raw material reservoir 1 when the liquid A is a solution obtained by dissolving powder and the liquid B is originally liquid.
- the raw material powder and solvent are introduced from the raw material inlet 142 of the powder dissolver 140.
- the raw material powder is heated by the heater 144 and stirred by the stirrer 146.
- the raw material fluid that has been dissolved and taken out is fed into the mixed substrate 40 and the reaction substrate 42 by the pump 16A from the pipe drawn into the outlet 148.
- reference numeral 150 denotes a liquid reservoir pan provided at the lower part of the apparatus
- 152 denotes a liquid leakage sensor installed on the liquid reservoir pan 150.
- the liquid distribution unit 2, the processing unit 3, and the product fluid storage unit 4 are partitioned by partition walls 154 and 156, and covers 158, 160, and 162 are attached to the respective rooms so that they can be connected to the outside of the device. Isolated.
- Reference numeral 164 denotes an exhaust port, which is connected to an exhaust fan and prevents toxic gas inside the device from leaking outside by making the pressure inside the device negative from outside the device.
- the operation control unit 6 is equipped with a flow rate monitor 170 and a temperature monitor 172 that can monitor the flow rate of the fluid and the reaction temperature that are particularly important in the operation in the fluid reaction device. .
- the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made along the spirit of the invention. Modification is possible. That is, the number of processing substrates connected in series or in parallel is determined to an appropriate number of 1 or more depending on the processing to be performed and the production volume. For example, the processing substrates may be sequentially inserted into a frame having slits. In this embodiment, the processing substrate is disposed horizontally, but may be disposed obliquely or vertically.
- the present invention further relates to a microreactor that can be used in the fluid reaction apparatus and the fluid mixing apparatus of the present invention.
- the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- a manifold section having a plurality of first flow paths communicating with the first fluid source and a plurality of second flow paths communicating with the second fluid source, respectively,
- a manifold portion adjacent to the manifold portion, the manifold portion has an open end surface facing the merge space, and the openings of the first flow channel and the second flow channel are formed at the open end surface.
- a microreactor that is arranged three-dimensionally so as to be alternately adjacent.
- the outlet flows from the opening end surface of the manifold portion to the merge space.
- the flow (collective flow) has a three-dimensional structure in which the flows of the first fluid and the second fluid (element flows) are alternately adjacent to each other, and the flow of one fluid surrounds the flow of the other fluid. Covered. Therefore, the ratio of the interfaces between these fluids is, for example, twice that of a parallel flow in a plane, and a mixing effect due to greater interdiffusion can be obtained.
- the manifold section is formed by laminating plate-like elements in which grooves constituting the first flow path and the second flow path are alternately formed.
- the microreactor is characterized in that the first flow path and the second flow path are arranged in a staggered manner on the opening end face.
- the maximum width dimension in the cross section of the opening of the first channel and the second channel is 3000 ⁇ m or less.
- the representative dimension of the mixing promoting object is an individual distance from the first flow path and the second flow path immediately before the mixing promoting object.
- the flow of A microreactor characterized by being in the range of 0.1 to 10 times the narrow dimension.
- the mixing-promoting object becomes a mere porous object, and sufficient mixing cannot be expected. Since the elemental flow of different fluids flowing in a staggered pattern flows in a lump shape, sufficient mixing cannot be obtained.
- a throttle portion or a fluid lens in which a cross section of the flow path gradually decreases is provided on the downstream side of the merge space.
- a minimum width of an imaginary cross section of each flow from the first flow path and the second flow path is a downstream portion of the throttle portion or the fluid lens.
- the micro reaction condition can be configured in the element flow without using the physical micro dimension flow path.
- the plurality of manifold parts are arranged so that the respective opening end faces thereof are opposed to each other in the merge space.
- the heat exchanger is formed by laminating plate-like elements in which grooves constituting the heated fluid flow path and / or the heat medium flow path are formed.
- a delay for adjusting a synthetic reaction time is provided in a heated fluid channel of a heat exchanger that heats or cools a fluid flowing downstream of the merge space.
- a microreactor characterized in that the dwell time in heat exchange can be adjusted by changing the delay loop pattern or the number of stacked layers.
- a laminating fluid that does not contaminate the heated fluid even if mixed in the heated fluid As the heat medium of the heat exchanger, a laminating fluid that does not contaminate the heated fluid even if mixed in the heated fluid.
- the fluid that does not contaminate the fluid to be heated even if it is mixed into the fluid to be heated the fluid to be heated itself or a solution having a composition close to this is suitable.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a compound production system using the microreactor of the present invention.
- this compound production system two raw material supply rods B2001a and 2001b that supply raw material solutions La and Lb, respectively, and these raw material supply rods 2001a and 2001b are mixed to react by mixing raw material solutions La and Lb.
- 'It has a reaction section 2002, a storage tank 2003 for temporarily storing reaction products, and a purification tank 2004 for further concentrating and purifying the products.
- the two raw material supply units 2001a and 2001b are dissolving tanks 201 la and 201 lb in which raw materials such as powder are used as solutions of a predetermined concentration, respectively, and a reservoir for storing the resulting solution.
- 2012a and 2012b, and downstream feed J of Lisano 2012a and 2012b is equipped with a raw material transfer pipe 2 014a and 2014b force S connected to the mixing and reaction section 2002 via fluid transfer pumps 2013a and 2013b, respectively.
- RU Insulation tanks 201 la and 201 lb are equipped with thermal insulation jacket 2015 and stirrer 2016 as needed.
- Reservoir 2003 which temporarily stores reaction products, is provided as necessary.
- it is configured as a closed container equipped with a heat insulation jacket 2015 and a stirrer 2016, and has a predetermined sensor.
- the refining tank 2004 concentrates the synthesized fluid in a vacuum atmosphere.
- a vacuum pump 2017 and a collection container 2018 are provided.
- each part of the above configuration is provided with an on-off valve, a flow rate adjustment valve, a flow meter, various sensors, a cleaning fluid circuit, and the like as necessary.
- Sensors include temperature sensor (indicated by a letter in the figure), flow sensor (indicated by F in the figure), pressure sensor (indicated by Ps in the figure), liquid level sensor (indicated by L in the figure), pH sensor (in the figure) etc.).
- a control device (not shown) for controlling each part individually and / or as a whole is provided.
- the mixing / reaction section 2 includes two preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b that preheat the raw material solutions La and Lb, respectively, and two heated It has a mixing block 2040 that joins the raw material solutions La and Lb in a liquefied state, and a reaction block 2060 that guides the joined fluid to a further reduced diameter reaction channel and heats it to react.
- Each of these blocks is constructed by connecting a flat plate having a channel in which the flow of the raw material solutions La and Lb and the heat medium Ma and Mb are formed in a groove shape and joining them together.
- the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b are plate-shaped first heat exchange elements 2022 in which a plurality of parallel solution flow paths 2021 for flowing the raw material solutions La and Lb are formed.
- plate-like second heat exchange elements 2024 formed with a plurality of parallel heat medium flow paths 2023 through which the heat mediums Ma and Mb flow are respectively connected to the respective flow.
- Road 2021, 2023 force S are alternately stacked so as to be orthogonal to each other.
- the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b are covered with cover plates 2025A and 2025B on the front and back, and are joined using fasteners such as bolts, seal members, or adhesives.
- Each heat exchange element 2022, 2024 is provided with through holes 2026, 2027 in the vicinity of both ends of the flow path. These holes are connected to the solution flow path 2021 and the heat medium flow path 20 23, respectively, and to the additional plate IJ 2020A, It is in communication with 2025B's melting port 2028A, solution outflow port 2028 ⁇ , heat medium inflow port 2029 ⁇ , and heat medium outflow port 2029 ⁇ .
- the raw material solutions La and Lb flow through the flow paths of the heat exchange elements 2022 and 2024.
- the heat mediums Ma and Mb flow in series and flow in parallel through the flow paths of the heat exchange elements 2022 and 2024.
- the heat mediums Ma and Mb pass through the heat exchange elements 2022 and 2024, respectively.
- These heat exchange elements 2022 and 2024 use materials having good heat conductivity suitable for heat exchange, while the cover plates 2025A and 2025B are formed using materials having low heat conductivity.
- the mixing block 2040 includes a plurality of plates inside a frame body 2043 formed of a plurality of members in which two raw material inflow channels 2041a and 2041b and one joining portion 2042 are formed. It is configured to accommodate a male hold 2046 that is formed by laminating shaped Mayuho Reded Element 2044A, 2044B and front and back canopy plates 2045a, 2045b.
- the raw material inlets 2041a and 2041b are connected to the solution outlet port 2028B of the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b, respectively, and the junction 2042 is connected to an inlet 2061 of the reaction block 2060 described later, as shown in FIG. And a merge space 2047 integrated with the.
- each manifold element 2044A, 2044B includes a row of through liquid supply holes 2048a, 2048b that communicate with the raw material inflow channels 2041a, 2041b when they are stacked. Are arranged along the line.
- the cover plates 2045a and 2045b are formed with through holes 2049a and 2049b, which have a force that can only be applied to one of the through holes 2048a and 2048b. These are the header portions formed on the frame 2043, respectively. It communicates with each raw material inflow channel 2041a, 2041b through 2050a, 205 Ob.
- the manifold hold element 2 044A, 2044B has these penetrating supply night?
- liquid separation flow paths 2051a and 2051b are formed extending almost to the center of the lj edge.
- These liquid separation channels 2051a and 2051b are formed so as to have a large cross-sectional force arrow, and are alternately arranged to communicate with the raw material flow channels 2041a and 2041b, and have a predetermined length near the side edge.
- the parallel flow paths 2052a and 2052b are parallel to each other.
- the parallel flow night passages 2052a and 2052b are opened on the side surfaces of the manifold elements 2044A and 2044B.
- adjacent manifold elements 2044A and 2044B have different raw material flow paths 2041a and 2051b (parallel liquid separation flow paths 2052a and 2052b) at corresponding positions. It is configured to communicate with 2041b. That is, in the manifold element 2044A, the liquid separation channel 2051 communicated with the raw material inflow channel 2041a at the upper end in FIG. While there is a (parallel separation channel 2052a), the manifold element 2044B has a separation channel 2051b (parallel separation channel 2052b) communicating with the raw material inflow channel 2041b at the upper end. It is summer. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- outlets 2054a and 2054b of parallel liquid separation flow paths 2052a and 2052b communicating with different raw material inflow paths 2041a and 2041b are alternately adjacent to the opening end face 2053 of the Magni Horned 2046. Open in a grid pattern.
- the reaction block 2060 is obtained by alternately stacking plate-like heat exchange elements 2063 and 2064 as shown in Fig. 36 between two cover plates 2062A and 2062B shown in Fig. 35.
- the configuration is basically the same as the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b.
- plate-like heat exchange elements 2063 and 2064 each having a plurality of parallel solution flow paths and heat medium flow paths through which the combined solution Lm and the heat medium Mc flow are arranged so that the flow paths are orthogonal to each other.
- the front and back surfaces are covered with cover plates 2062A and 2062B, and are joined using a fastener such as a bolt, a seal member, or an adhesive.
- Each heat exchange element 2063, 2064 is provided with through holes near both ends of the flow path, which individually communicate with the solution flow path and the heat medium flow path, and communicate with the ports of the cover plates 2062A, 2062B. The solution and the heat medium joined to the flow path are circulated.
- the inflow side cover plates 2062A and 2062B are provided with inflow ports 2061 having the same diameter as the confluence portion 2042 of the mixing block 2040 and opening so as to communicate therewith.
- a throttle part (fluid lens) 2065 force S with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional dimension is provided on the downstream side of the inlet 2061, and the tip side thereof has a communication channel 2066 and a through channel 2067 of the cover plate 2062A.
- the reaction flow path 2068 connects a plurality of parallel flow paths 2069 formed by grooves on the surface of the heat exchange element 2063 in series, so that the solution of the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b Different from channel 2021.
- the flow of the heat medium flow path 2070 and the heat medium Mc is the same as that in FIG.
- the diaphragm 2065 has a similar cross section.
- the cross-sectional dimensions remain small and the cross-sectional dimensions are reduced.
- Sl and S2 are the cross-sectional areas before and after the throttle portion 2065, respectively.
- the width w of the “element flow” is calculated as the product of the width W of the flow path and the cross-sectional dimension reduction ratio P in the mixing block 40 when the throttle portion 2065 changes in a similar manner.
- the condition that the reaction in the combined flow is a micro reaction is not necessarily a physical channel width problem, but is a problem of the virtual “element flow” width as described above.
- the interface ratio is increased to promote mixing, and the reaction rate can be improved in accordance with Fick's law.
- the minimum width wmin in the cross section of the element flow is 500 / im or less.
- the virtual minimum width wmin is 10 / im, which sufficiently satisfies this condition.
- the temperature conditions are strictly controlled. That is, in each block, the temperature of the heat medium is measured by temperature sensors provided at the inlet and outlet of the flow path, and the temperature of the solution passing through the temperature sensor is also measured by each sensor. These measured values are input to the control device, and feedback control is performed so that the reaction is performed under optimum conditions.
- the preheating block, the mixing block 2040, and the reaction block 2060 are configured by connecting plate-like elements, so that they can be completely disassembled and cleaned. It is also suitable for pharmaceutical manufacturing where precision for pure products is severe.
- heat loss is extremely small and high-precision temperature control is possible.
- each of the above-described units can be installed and operated by, for example, appropriately arranging them on a base provided with a flow path by machining, etching, or the like to form a unit. It becomes easy and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. It is also possible to construct by stacking multiple such bases and piping them, further saving space. Furthermore, each device can be integrally formed on the base to form a single chip. It is desirable to provide a control system that controls the processes of each part as necessary.
- a sandwich structure may be used in which a flat plate with heat exchange is installed on both sides of a flat plate pipe with a mixer and reactor.
- a flexible device configuration can be made possible by using a minimum configuration base with one or more devices and peripheral piping as a unit and stacking them together.
- a continuous multistage synthesis reaction may be performed by combining a plurality of such unitized or chipped continuous synthesis systems and batch separation / purification systems.
- the raw material fluid is preferably both liquids, but it is of course possible to use gases.
- mixing can be performed in the mixing block 2040 with one as a gas and the other as a liquid. If microbubbles generated at this time are used, a high mixing action can be obtained.
- the material constituting the flow path or the material of the surface coating of the flow path is a force S appropriately applied for the purpose of imparting heat conduction uniformity, catalyst support, chemical resistance, biosafety, etc. to the relevant part. For example, coating with diamond is also conceivable.
- the raw material solutions La and Lb prepared in the dissolution tanks 2011a and 2011b in the raw material supply units 2001a and 2001b are stored in the reservoirs 2012a and 2012b.
- a heating medium is flowed to set the heating (or cooling) temperature in the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b and the reaction block 2060 to, for example, about _80 ° C to + 200 ° C. This value is held by control based on the measured value.
- the raw material solutions La and Lb are pumped to the preheating blocks 2020a and 2020b, and flow into the heat medium flow path 2023 of each heat exchange element 2063 and 2064, where efficiency The heat reaches well and reaches a predetermined temperature.
- the preheated raw material solutions La and Lb flow into the two solution inflow ports 2028A of the mixing block 2040, respectively, and the raw material flow paths 2041a and 2041b of the frame 2043 are applied to each other 2045a and 20 45b.
- the flow passes through 2049a and 2049b, and then flows into the Mayo Redo elements 2044A and 2044B.
- Open end face 2053 (this is a grid-like effluent outlet 2054a, 2054b and flows into the confluence 2042 to form a collective flow.
- the circumference of one solution flow is covered with another solution. Therefore, even when the laminar flow is maintained under the microreaction conditions, the interface necessary for mutual diffusion between the two types of solutions can be sufficiently provided. Since the cross-sectional dimensions are relatively large in millimeters, solids are produced immediately after merging. Even when, as long as it disappears before the throttle portion 2065, it does not result in clogged immediately.
- the collective flow composed of the raw material solutions La and Lb further flows from the merging portion 2042 into the throttle portion 2065, and the cross-sectional dimension of the “element flow” of the raw material solutions La and Lb in the reaction channel 2068 is further reduced.
- the ratio of the interface in the merged flow is further increased, and interdiffusion is promoted at the interface to promote mixing, and when this flows into the reaction channel 2068 and reaches the reaction temperature, the reaction proceeds promptly.
- the product synthesized by the reaction in this manner is discharged from the reaction block 2060 and stored in the storage tank 2003 under predetermined conditions. Further, the product is concentrated in a downstream purification tank 2004 under a vacuum atmosphere and recovered in a recovery container 2018.
- An in-line sensor 2071 for evaluating the properties of the synthetic substance is arranged downstream of the reaction block 2060, and the operating conditions can be feedback controlled based on this measured value. In the illustrated example, a pH meter is used as the sensor, but an appropriate one can be selected according to the product.
- the junction is 10mm x 10mm
- the cross-sectional dimension reduction ratio is l / l 0.
- the dimension of the reaction flow path 2068 below the rear throttle portion 2065 is lmm ⁇ lmm. If a laminar flow is maintained in the collective flow in the reaction channel 2068, the virtual minimum width wmin of the flow in the reaction channel 2068 is 100 / im, which substantially satisfies the conditions of the micro reaction space. . Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to realize a micro reaction space of 100 zm class with only mm-size elements that can be easily processed. In this way, when the cross-sectional dimension is reduced by the throttle part, the maximum dimension of the flow path in the mixing block 2040 should be 1000 ⁇ m or more and 3000 ⁇ m or less to prevent clogging even if solids enter. You can.
- the preheating blocks 2020a, 2020b, the mixing block 2040, and the reaction block 2060 are configured by connecting plate-like elements, respectively, so that they are completely disassembled and cleaned. Therefore, it is also suitable for pharmaceutical manufacturing with high precision against impurities.
- FIG. 37A An embodiment in which a mixing promoting object is provided in place of providing the constricting part 2065 in the confluence part 2042 of the merging block 2040 is shown.
- a fine spherical mixing promoting object 2072 is arranged in the merging portion 2042 so as to substantially correspond to the opening of the flow path of the mixing block 2040.
- the spherical mixing promotion body 2072 By arranging the spherical mixing promotion body 2072 at a predetermined length along the flow path, the collective flow flowing out from the jet outlets 2054a and 2054b is diverted along these, so that the interface between the element flows The ratio can be improved.
- the mixing promotion object 2072 becomes a mere porous object and sufficient mixing cannot be expected.
- the typical length of the optimal mixing promoting body 2072 is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the maximum width of the element flow. The smaller the maximum width of the element flow, the faster the mixing can be expected. At least 800 zm or less, preferably 10 zm or less is good.
- FIGS 37B to 37D show some examples.
- Fig. 37B shows a plurality of mesh-like mixing promoting objects 2073 in which columns are arranged in a grid, arranged in the flow direction
- Fig. 37C shows a mesh-like mixing promoting object 2074 in which parallel columns are arranged in parallel.
- Figure 37D shows multiple arrangements with alternate orientations along the road.
- a spherical mixing promotion object 2072 is arranged between the combination promotion objects 2073.
- the reaction can be promoted by fixing an appropriate catalyst on the surface of the mixing promoting object 2072-2074.
- the mixing promoting bodies 2072 to 2074 since the reaction proceeds in a relatively wide space, the flow path is not easily blocked even when a solid reaction product is generated. There is.
- it may be used together with the throttle unit 2065.
- a spherical mixing promotion object 2072 is provided on the downstream side of the throttle unit 2065
- a throttle unit 2065 is provided on the downstream side of the spherical mixing promotion object 2072.
- FIG. 38A shows the configuration of a microreactor according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which a set of mixing blocks 2040A and 2040B having the same structure are arranged to face each other. These?
- the Kunjing blocks 2040A and 2040B are supplied with raw material solution La and Lb from the raw material supply tank B2001a and 2001b. To do. This promotes mixing by colliding each element flow to form a jet.
- the shape of the merging portion 2042A is configured to draw the merging solution in a direction orthogonal to the collision surface.
- the merging portion 2042A may be configured to be drawn out from its peripheral portion in a tangential direction as a disk-shaped space.
- the mixing portion 2042A can be promoted without using the restricting portion 2065, so that the mixing can be promoted, so that the blockage of the flow path is avoided even when a solid product is generated by the reaction.
- the mixing portion 2042A can be promoted without using the restricting portion 2065, so that the mixing can be promoted, so that the blockage of the flow path is avoided even when a solid product is generated by the reaction.
- the mixing blocks 2040 are also opposed to each other by directional forces forming 180 degrees, but they may be opposed to each other at an angle smaller than 180 degrees to form a Y-shaped combined flow path. Good. Needless to say, the above embodiment is suitable for mixing two or more kinds of fluids at the same time. Further, since the temperatures of the two mixing blocks 40 can be set differently, it is also suitable when mixing fluids having different stable temperature conditions.
- the present invention further relates to a flow control device that can be used in the fluid reaction device and the fluid mixing device of the present invention.
- one aspect of the present invention is a flow rate adjusting device that adjusts the flow rate of a fluid that flows through a flow path, and a temperature control mechanism that heats or cools the fluid that flows through the flow path. And the time at which the fluid temperature at the first measurement point of the flow path changes and the time at which the fluid temperature at the second measurement point downstream of the first measurement point changes.
- a flow rate measurement unit for calculating the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the flow path, a downstream temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid passing through the second measurement point, and a downstream side of the downstream temperature sensor.
- a control unit that controls the control valve so that the flow rate of the fluid becomes constant based on the flow rate obtained by the flow rate measurement unit.
- the vertical axis represents temperature and the horizontal axis represents time.
- the fluid is heated by the temperature control mechanism, and the temperature of the fluid is increased at a predetermined rate of change as indicated by reference numeral T1.
- T1 a predetermined rate of change
- the temperature of the fluid at the first measurement point changes as indicated by C1.
- the fluid temperature changes as indicated by reference symbol C2.
- the time difference between the peak of the temperature curve C1 and the peak of the temperature curve C2 is At.
- the flow rate of fluid can be obtained from the following formula.
- Flow rate distance between the first measurement point and the second measurement point X cross-sectional area of the channel ⁇ time difference ⁇ t
- the temperature of the fluid at the first measurement point changes as indicated by C1 '
- the temperature at the second measurement point changes as indicated by C2'.
- the time difference between the peak of temperature curve CI 'and the peak of temperature curve C2' is At. That is, the time difference between the temperature curve C1 and the temperature curve C2 and the time difference between the temperature curve C1 ′ and the temperature curve C2 ′ are the same. This is because, even if the specific gravity, specific heat, and viscosity of the fluid are different, the time difference between the upstream temperature curve and the downstream temperature curve depends only on the flow rate under the same fluid average flow velocity. .
- Examples of fluids used in the present invention include reagents, organic solvents, biochemical substances, and the like.
- screening is performed in which a number of reagents are used and tests are performed with various conditions such as concentration, solvent, and temperature changed. This screening requires accurate volume measurement regardless of the physical properties of the reagent.
- a preferable development environment can be provided.
- the flow rate measurement unit is based on a time difference between two points corresponding to each other on a temperature curve indicating a temperature change of the fluid at the first measurement point and the second measurement point. And calculating the flow rate of the fluid.
- the force for measuring the time difference when the peaks of the two temperature curves appear is not limited to this.
- the time difference at the time of rising of the temperature curve may be obtained, or the time difference at a time point deviated by a predetermined time from the peak may be obtained.
- the time difference between two points corresponding to each other on the temperature curve is measured.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that an upstream temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid passing through the first measurement point is further provided.
- the upstream temperature sensor may include a sensor holder that contacts the fluid flowing in the flow path, and a thermistor inserted into the sensor holder to a position close to the flow path.
- the downstream temperature sensor may include a sensor holder that contacts the fluid flowing in the flow path, and a thermistor inserted into the sensor holder to a position close to the flow path.
- an environmental temperature control mechanism is further provided that keeps the temperature of a space including at least the first measurement point and the second measurement point constant.
- Temperature measurement of fluid flowing through a micro flow channel is affected by disturbance and may not be able to measure the flow rate accurately.
- disturbance can be blocked by actively keeping the temperature at the first measurement point and the second measurement point constant. Therefore, the flow rate of the fluid can be measured accurately.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a Peltier element, a Seebeck element, an electromagnetic wave generator, or a resistance heating wire.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism is not limited to the heating means, and a cooling means may be used.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism is configured to heat or cool the structure having a cylindrical portion in which holes forming the flow path are formed, a heat transfer portion that transfers heat to the cylindrical portion, and the heat transfer portion of the structure. And a temperature control member.
- control valve has a valve for adjusting a flow rate and a drive source for driving the valve, and the drive source includes a piezoelectric element, an electromagnet, a servo motor, Or, it is provided with a stepping motor.
- the valve can be driven quickly based on the actual flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement unit, and the flow rate can be kept constant.
- control valve has a valve for adjusting a flow rate and a drive source for driving the valve, and the drive source is formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric elements. It is characterized by having a structure.
- the flow rate can be kept constant without being affected by high pressure or pressure fluctuation.
- the pressure of the fluid passing through the control valve is IMPa ⁇ :! OMPa.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the flow rate of the fluid passing through the control valve is from 0.01 to 10 L / h.
- the channel is formed of a corrosion-resistant material. It is characterized by.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the material is stainless steel, titanium, polyether ether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polychloroethylene.
- Another aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of containers that store fluid, a mixing unit that mixes the fluid, a reaction unit that reacts the mixed fluid, and the flow rate adjusting device. It is a fluid reaction device.
- FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram showing the flow rate adjusting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the flow rate adjustment device of the present embodiment includes a flow rate measurement unit 3010 that measures the flow rate of the liquid (fluid) that flows through the flow path 3001, a control valve 3020 that adjusts the flow rate of the liquid, and a flow rate measurement unit.
- the control unit 3030 basically controls the control valve 3020 based on the flow rate measured by the 3010.
- the flow rate measuring unit 3010 includes a temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 that heats the liquid flowing through the flow path 3001 at a predetermined cycle, an upstream temperature sensor 3003 that measures the temperature of the liquid flowing through the flow path 3001, and a downstream temperature sensor 3004. And.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 is provided so as to surround the wall portion of the flow path 3001 and heats the liquid through the wall portion of the flow path 3001. This temperature control mechanism 3002 is connected to the temperature control unit 3005 so as to heat the liquid at an optimum rate of temperature increase.
- a Peltier element, Seebeck element, electromagnetic wave generator, resistance heater, or the like is preferably used.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 may change the temperature of the liquid by cooling the liquid.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 is disposed at the first measurement point P1 of the flow path 3001, and measures the temperature of the liquid passing through the first measurement point P1.
- the downstream temperature sensor 3004 is arranged at the second measurement point P2 of the flow path 1, and measures the temperature of the liquid passing through the second measurement point P2.
- the flow rate measuring unit 3010 includes a time difference measuring unit 3009 for obtaining the flow rate of the liquid based on the time difference when the heated liquid passes through the two measurement points PI and P2.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 is located downstream of the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002, and the temperature adjustment mechanism 30 Located close to 02.
- the downstream temperature sensor 3004 is located on the downstream side of the upstream temperature sensor 3003, and is arranged at a predetermined distance from the upstream temperature sensor 3003. Both the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 are attached to the outer surface of the flow path 3001 and measure the temperature of the liquid through the wall of the flow path 3001. As the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 30 04, a thermistor thermometer or thermocouple with excellent response is preferably used.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 are connected to the time difference measuring unit 3009, and the outputs of the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 are sent to the time difference measuring unit 3009. ing.
- the principle by which the liquid flow rate is measured by the time difference measuring unit 3009 is as already described with reference to FIG. That is, when the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 heats the liquid while the liquid is flowing, the heated liquid flows downstream, and the first measurement point P1 on the upstream side and the second measurement point P2 on the downstream side Pass through in this order. At this time, the temperature of the liquid at the first measurement point P1 is measured by the upstream temperature sensor 3003, and the temperature of the liquid at the second measurement point P2 is measured by the downstream temperature sensor 3004.
- the outputs of the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 are continuously sent to the time difference measurement unit 3009, where the peaks of temperature curve C1 and temperature curve C2 (see Fig. 42) are detected. Is done.
- the peak of the temperature curve can be detected using a known method. For example, it is possible to judge the peak when the sign of the difference between the two measured values changes. Then, the difference between the time when the peak of the temperature curve C1 appears and the time when the peak of the temperature curve C2 appears is calculated, and the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the flow path 1 is obtained from the following equation.
- the control valve 3020 is disposed downstream of the flow rate measuring unit 3010.
- the control valve 3020 includes a piston (valve) 3021 disposed so as to oppose the liquid flow, and a piezoelectric element (drive source) 3022 that drives the piston 3021.
- a piezoelectric element (piezoelectric actuator) 3022 is fixed to the back surface of the piston 3021, and the piezoelectric element 3022 and the piston 3021 are integrally formed.
- the piston 3021 and the piezoelectric element 3022 are accommodated and moved in the piston chamber 3023.
- a part of the channel 3001 is a T-junction, and the piston 3021 is arranged so that the liquid flowing into the T-junction hits the front surface of the piston 3021.
- the piezoelectric element 3022 expands and contracts, thereby moving the piston 3021 along the liquid flow direction to adjust the opening degree of the piston 3021.
- a throttle part 3001a is provided on the upstream side of the piston 3021. By narrowing the flow path 3001, the flow rate can be accurately adjusted by the piston 3021.
- the above-described piston chamber 3023 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the piston chamber 3023 is liquid-tightly fixed to the outer surface of the flow path 3001. With such a configuration, even when liquid leaks from the gap between the piston 3021 and the flow path 3001, the liquid is held inside the piston chamber 3023, so that leakage of the liquid to the outside is prevented.
- a reaction product is generated on the downstream side of the flow control device by the reaction between the reagents.
- the pressure of the liquid on the downstream side of the flow control device may increase, and the liquid may leak from the flow path 1.
- leakage of liquid to the outside can be prevented by the bottomed cylindrical piston chamber 3023, so that accurate flow rate adjustment is possible.
- the control unit 3030 includes an amplifier 3032 connected to the time difference measurement unit 3009, a comparison unit (PID control unit) 3033 that determines the opening of the piston 3021 for keeping the flow rate constant, and a piezoelectric element 3022 of the control valve 3020. And a piston drive circuit 3034 for generating a voltage to be applied to.
- the amplifier 3032 amplifies the signal representing the liquid flow rate (actual flow rate) calculated by the time difference measurement unit 3009 and sends the amplified signal (actual flow rate) to the comparison unit 3033.
- the set flow rate (target value) is input in advance to the comparison unit 3033.
- the comparison unit 3033 compares the actual flow rate with the set flow rate, and determines the opening of the piston 3021 for matching the actual flow rate with the set flow rate. Calculate.
- the piston 3021 calculated by the comparison unit 3033
- the opening is converted into a voltage by the piston drive circuit 3034. This voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 3022, and the piston 3021 is driven by the piezoelectric element 3022.
- the control valve 3020 is controlled by the control unit 3030 so that the flow rate of the liquid passing through the control valve 3020 is always constant.
- the distance of the flow path 3001 between the flow measurement unit 3010 and the control valve 3020 is preferably as short as possible. That is, the distance between the downstream temperature sensor 3004 and the piston 3021 is preferably 10 to 100 mm, more preferably 10 to 50 mm, and still more preferably 10 to 20 mm. Further, it is preferable to use a drive source (actuator) used for the control valve 3020 having excellent response such as a piezoelectric element. By doing so, the fluctuation (pulsation) of the flow rate flowing through the flow path 3001 can be quickly eliminated, and a constant flow rate can be maintained.
- actuator drive source
- This flow control device is suitably used for a fluid reaction device (microreactor) that reacts two or more kinds of liquids.
- a fluid reaction device microreactor
- the inner diameter of the flow path 30 01 of the flow control device according to the present embodiment is preferably 0.:! To 5 mm, more preferably 0.:! To 2 mm, and further preferably 0.1 to 1 mm. is there. If only a small amount is to be handled, the minimum diameter can be set to 0.02 mm.
- the pressure of the liquid at the outlet of the flow rate adjusting device (downstream of the control valve 3020) is lMPa to 10 MPa, 2 MPa to 5 MPa, or 3 MPa to 4 MPa.
- the material constituting the flow path 3001 is preferably one having corrosion resistance.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 measure the temperature of the liquid through the wall portion of the flow path 3001, so that the material constituting the flow path 3001 is made thermally conductive. Excellent, ⁇ 40 to: Those which can withstand a wide temperature range of 150 ° C. are preferable. Further, the material constituting the flow path 3001 is preferably one that can withstand the high pressure of the liquid.
- the material constituting the flow path 3001 include stainless steel such as SUS316 or SUS304, Ti (titanium), quartz glass, or Pyrex (registered trademark) glass.
- stainless steel such as SUS316 or SUS304, Ti (titanium), quartz glass, or Pyrex (registered trademark) glass.
- examples include hard glass such as polyethylene, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchlonde), PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), s> i, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), and PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene).
- the wall thickness of the channel 3001 is preferably 0.01 to 0.1 lm.
- the wall thickness of the channel 3 001 is preferably 0.5 to lmm. Considering thermal conductivity, it is preferable to use Ti with a small heat capacity. When resin is used, it is preferable to improve the thermal conductivity by locally reducing the thickness of the portion of the channel 3001 to which the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 are attached.
- the flow path 3001 may be composed of a combination of a plurality of materials selected from the above materials. For example, a material having corrosion resistance may be used for the liquid contact portion of the flow path 3001, and a material having pressure resistance may be stacked on the outside thereof.
- a material having corrosion resistance may be used for the liquid contact portion of the flow path 3001, and a material having pressure resistance may be stacked on the outside thereof.
- the flow path 3001 in order to accurately measure the temperature of the liquid, it is preferable to configure the flow path 3001 as follows. That is, the portion where the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 are provided is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, and the portion between the upstream temperature sensor 3003 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004 is thermally conductive. Consists of low material. According to such a configuration, the influence of the flow path 3001 on the temperature measurement can be reduced, and the heat of the temperature control mechanism 3002 travels through the flow path 3001 and affects the measurement value of the downstream temperature sensor 3004. It
- FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the temperature adjustment mechanism and the upstream temperature sensor.
- a case body 3012 made of a fluororesin such as PTFE or PCTFE is subjected to hole addition to form a flow path 3001 extending in the longitudinal direction.
- the case body 3012 is formed with a hole 3012 in a direction perpendicular to the flow path 3001 to form a recess 3012a.
- a structure 3013 for heating the liquid flowing in the flow path 3001 is inserted.
- FIG. 45 (a) is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG.
- the structure 3013 includes a cylindrical portion 3013b in which a through-hole 3013a having a rectangular or circular cross section constituting the flow path 3001 is formed at the tip, and a case body 3012. And a heat transfer portion 3013c located outside. Heat transfer part 3013c is opposite to the end where through hole 3013a is formed It is provided at the end of the side.
- the force that covers the outside of the copper heat transfer section 3013c with the cylindrical section 3013b made of chemical-resistant titanium The same material for the cylindrical section 3013b and the heat transfer section 3013c May be formed integrally.
- the cylindrical portion 3013b is fixed to the case main body 3012 by fixing a fixing plate 3014 made of a heat-insulating material such as PEEK to the case main body 3012 with a Bonoleto 3015. Further, between the case main body 3012 and the cylindrical shell B3013b, a paper tray 3016 force S is placed, and the seal member 3016 prevents liquid leakage.
- a temperature control member 3017 such as a heater or a Peltier element is attached to the heat transfer section 3013c of the structure 3013, and heat from the temperature control member 3017 is transferred to the cylindrical section 3013b via the heat transfer section 3013c. It is becoming possible. Therefore, the heat from the temperature adjustment member 3017 is transmitted through the copper heat transfer section 3013c, and is transmitted to the liquid passing through the through hole 3013a through the titanium cylindrical section 3013b. Thus, the liquid flowing through the flow path 3001 is heated by passing through the through hole 3013a of the structure 3013. Note that the copper heat transfer section 3013c and the temperature adjustment member 3017 do not come into direct contact with the liquid. When the liquid is cooled using a Peltier element or the like for the temperature adjustment member 3017, the heat flow is opposite to that described above.
- FIG. 45 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the structure described above.
- titanium is chemically resistant, its thermal conductivity is worse than copper. Therefore, in the example shown in Fig. 45 (b), the cylindrical part 3013b and the heat transfer part 3013c of the structure 3013 are integrally formed of copper. ing. Further, the through hole 3013a is formed so that the cross section is circular or the like. The parts exposed to the liquid, such as the inner surface of the through hole 3013a and the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 3013b, are treated with a chemical resistant material. A seal member for preventing leakage of liquid is disposed between the cylindrical portion 3013b subjected to the plating process and the case body. With such a configuration, the heat from the temperature control member is more efficiently transmitted to the liquid flowing through the through hole 3013a.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 is inserted into a hole 3012b formed in a direction perpendicular to the flow path 3001, and is made of a sensor phone that is made of a metal having chemical resistance such as titanium. 3003a and a thermistor 3003b inserted into the flow path 3001 to the position close to the position of the sensor Honoroda 3003a.
- a through-hole constituting the flow path 3001 may be provided in the same manner as the structure 3013 of the heating unit.
- Sensor holder 300 The force thermistor 3003b is configured so that the tip of 3a is in contact with the liquid in the flow path 3001.
- the thermistor 3003b is not in direct contact with the liquid flowing in the flow path 3001.
- the thermistor 300 3b can detect the temperature of the liquid flowing through the flow path 3001.
- Sensor holder 300 3af, Bonoleto 3018 ⁇ Case body 3012 (This is fixed and fastened.
- a seal member 3019 is arranged between the case body 3012 and the sensor holder 3003a. Note that when the liquid is cooled by using a Peltier element or the like for the temperature adjustment member 3017, the heat flow is opposite to that described above.
- the sensor holder 3003a is formed from a metal having chemical resistance such as titanium.
- the sensor holder 3003a is formed of copper having good heat conductivity and is in contact with the liquid.
- FIG. 46 is an enlarged view showing another configuration example of the control valve.
- the drive source that drives the piston 3021 is required to drive the piston 3021 against high-pressure liquid.
- two piezoelectric elements 3022 are stacked in order to increase the driving force. With such a configuration, even when the liquid is at a high pressure, the opening ⁇ of the piston 3021 can be accurately adjusted, and the flow rate can be kept constant. If necessary, three or more piezoelectric elements may be laminated.
- FIG. 47 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that the configuration of the present embodiment that is not particularly described is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, and thus the overlapping description is omitted.
- the flow rate measurement unit 3010 obtains the flow rate using the temperature change of the liquid, and therefore cannot accurately obtain the flow rate when the ambient temperature changes. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the environmental temperature control mechanism 3011 is disposed in the flow rate measurement unit 3010 in order to stably measure the temperature of the liquid.
- the environmental temperature control mechanism 3011 includes an upstream temperature sensor 3003 and a downstream temperature sensor 3004 that are airtightly housed in a partition wall 3011a.
- Temperature controller 301 lb such as a Peltier element that adjusts the temperature of the internal space of the partition wall 301 la, a temperature sensor 3011c that measures the temperature of the internal space of the partition wall 301 la, and a signal from the temperature sensor 3011c (the internal space A temperature controller 30 id for controlling the temperature controller 3011b based on the actual temperature).
- the temperature controller 3005 described above may be used as the temperature controller 301 Id.
- the partition wall 301 la also has a heat insulating material force.
- the temperature controller 301 lb is connected to the temperature controller 301 Id and is controlled by the temperature controller 3011d so as to keep the temperature of the internal space constant.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 that is, the first measurement point P1
- the downstream temperature sensor 3004 the second measurement point P2
- the temperature around the part of the channel 3001 can be kept constant, and the thermal disturbance can be blocked. Therefore, the time difference measuring unit 3009 can accurately measure the flow rate, and as a result, the flow rate can be kept constant with high accuracy.
- FIG. 48 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Note that the configuration of the present embodiment that is not particularly described is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, and thus the overlapping description is omitted.
- the upstream temperature sensor 3003 is omitted, and the time difference measuring unit 3009 is connected to the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 and the downstream temperature sensor 3004.
- the first measurement point P1 is the position of the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002.
- the principle by which the flow rate is measured by the flow rate measurement unit 3010 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the liquid flowing through the channel 3001 is heated by the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002, and the heating start time tl is recorded in the time difference measuring unit 3009.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism 3002 that is, the first measurement point P1
- the temperature of the liquid rises at a predetermined rate of change as indicated by the temperature curve T3.
- the heated liquid flows through the flow path 3001, and eventually passes through the second measurement point P2.
- the temperature curve C3 is detected by the downstream temperature sensor 3004.
- the time difference measuring unit 3009 obtains the time difference At between the rise time tl of the temperature curve T3 and the rise time t2 of the temperature curve C3, and the liquid flow rate is calculated by the above-described equation. As with the example described with reference to FIG. 42, two temperature curve peaks appear. The time difference may be measured.
- a cylindrical spool 3024 is used instead of the piston 3021.
- the spool 3024 is disposed in the clog path of the flow path 3001, and the tip of the spool 3024 is slidably fitted in the flow path 3001.
- a magnetic body (for example, an iron core) 3025 is attached to the end of the spool 3 024, and an electromagnet 3026 is disposed around the magnetic body 3025.
- a seal member 3027 is disposed between the electromagnet 3026 and the flow path 3001, and the seal member 3027 prevents liquid leakage.
- the magnetic body 3025 is driven by the electromagnetic force formed by the electromagnet 3026, whereby the spool 3024 moves along its axial direction.
- the control valve 3020 having such a configuration is called a solenoid valve (solenoid valve).
- FIG. 50 is a perspective view of the spool shown in FIG.
- an obliquely extending groove 3024a is formed on the side surface of the spunole 3024.
- the groove 3024a has a triangular cross-section, and the size of the cross section changes according to the axial position. That is, the cross section of the groove 3024a gradually decreases as the largest cross sectional position at the tip of the spool 3024 is directed to the opposite end. Since the liquid flows through the groove 3024a, the flow rate can be adjusted by moving the spool 3024 in the axial direction. In this case, the opening degree ⁇ of the spool (valve) 3024 can be expressed by the length of the groove 3024a protruding from the flow path 3001.
- the control unit 3030 of this embodiment includes a spool drive circuit 3035 instead of the piston drive circuit.
- the spool drive circuit 3035 converts the opening degree of the spool 3024 calculated by the comparison unit 3033 into a current, and the current is supplied to the electromagnet 3026 so that the spool 3024 moves.
- the control valve 3020 is controlled by the control unit 3030 so that the flow rate of the liquid passing through the control valve 3020 is always constant. Note that it is preferable to use an electromagnet that can generate a large electromagnetic force in order to accurately maintain a constant flow rate even when the liquid is high pressure.
- FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the present embodiment that is not particularly described is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, so A duplicate description is omitted.
- the control valve 3020 of this embodiment includes an inverted triangular pyramid-shaped poppet 3041 instead of the piston 3021.
- the poppet 3041 is positioned on the T-shaped path of the flow path 3001, and is arranged so that the tip thereof faces the liquid flow.
- a shaft 3042 is fixed to the poppet 3041, and the shaft 3042 is fitted to a bottomed cylindrical shaft guide 3043.
- a gear 3044 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft guide 3043, and this gear 3044 meshes with a gear 3046 connected to a servo motor 3045.
- the shaft 3042 is not rotated by a rotation prevention mechanism (not shown) such as a key or a key groove (this is configured and laid down. Note that the poppet 3041, the shaft 3042, and the shaft guide 3043 are coaxial. Are aligned.
- a sheath member 3047 force S is arranged between the shaft guide 3043 and the flow path 3001 to prevent the liquid from leaking from the flow path 3001.
- a male screw 3042a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 3042, and a female screw (not shown) that fits the male screw 3042a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft guide 3043.
- the control unit 3030 of the present embodiment includes a poppet drive circuit 3048 instead of the piston drive circuit.
- the poppet drive circuit 3048 converts the opening of the poppet 3041 calculated by the comparison unit 3033 into a current, and the current is supplied to the servo motor 3045 so that the poppet 3041 moves.
- the control valve 3020 is controlled by the control unit 3030 so that the flow rate of the liquid passing through the control valve 3020 is always constant. Note that it is preferable to use a servo motor or stepping motor that can generate a large torque in order to accurately maintain a constant flow rate even when the liquid is high pressure.
- the environmental temperature control mechanism 3011 according to the second embodiment may be incorporated in the third and fourth embodiments.
- the flow control device according to the above-described embodiment is not only liquid but also gas. The flow rate can also be measured and controlled.
- FIG. 52 to FIG. 54 are diagrams showing an entire configuration of a fluid reaction device incorporating a flow rate adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fluid reaction device described below is a device used to mix and react two or more liquids.
- the fluid reaction apparatus is entirely installed in one installation space and packaged.
- the installation space is rectangular and is divided into four areas along the longitudinal direction. That is, the first region on the one end side is a raw material storage section 3101 in which a plurality of storage containers 3110 (only two storage containers 3110A and 3110B are shown in FIG. 52) for storing the raw material liquid are installed.
- the adjacent second region is a liquid distribution unit 3102 in which pumps 3116A and 3116B for transferring the raw material liquid in the storage container 3110 are installed.
- the third region adjacent to the second region is a processing unit 3103 having a mixing unit (mixing chip) 3140 for mixing the raw material liquid and a reaction unit (reaction chip) 3142 for reacting the mixed raw material liquid.
- a processing unit 3103 having a mixing unit (mixing chip) 3140 for mixing the raw material liquid and a reaction unit (reaction chip) 3142 for reacting the mixed raw material liquid.
- the fourth region on the other end side is a product storage unit (collection container installation space) 3104 for deriving and storing the product obtained as a result of the processing.
- the fluid reaction apparatus further includes an operation control unit 3106, which is a computer that controls the operation of each unit, and a heat medium controller 3107 that adjusts the temperature of the processing unit 3103 by flowing a heat medium through the temperature adjustment case 3146.
- the operation control unit 3106 is equipped with a flow rate monitor 3270 and a temperature monitor 3272 that can monitor the flow rate and temperature of the liquid.
- the operation control unit 3106 and the heat medium controller 3107 are provided separately from the fluid reaction device, but may of course be integrated.
- a piping chamber 3105 is formed in the lower floor portion of the second to fourth areas, where a heating medium for heating or cooling is sent to the mixing section 3140 and the reaction section 3142. Piping is provided.
- each part is linear, but for example, if the whole is close to a square and space, each part is liquid. It may be configured so that the current flow forms a loop.
- reference numeral 3250 denotes a liquid reservoir pan provided in the lower part of the apparatus
- reference numeral 3252 denotes a liquid leakage sensor installed on the liquid reservoir pan 3250.
- the liquid distribution unit 3102, the processing unit 3103, and the product shell retention unit 3104 are partitioned by partition walls 3254 and 3256, and covers 3258, 3260, and 3262 are attached to the respective parts, and these parts are connected to the outside of the apparatus. Are separated.
- Reference numeral 3264 denotes an exhaust port, which is connected to an exhaust fan (not shown). And by making the pressure inside the device negative from outside the device, toxic gas inside the device is prevented from leaking outside.
- the raw material storage unit 3101 shown in Fig. 52 two storage containers 3110A and 3110B are installed. However, three or more storage containers may be used as necessary. For example, by storing the same liquid in two storage containers and using them alternately, the processing can be performed continuously.
- the raw material storage unit 3101 may be provided with a cleaning liquid container 3112 containing an organic solvent such as acetone for line cleaning, hydrochloric acid, pure water, or the like, or a pressure source 3114 filled with a purge nitrogen gas. Further, the waste liquid container 3136 may be placed in the raw material reservoir 3101.
- pumps 3116A and 3116B connected to the shell container 3110A and 3110B via transport pipes 3121A and 3121 are installed. Centrifugal pumps are used for pumps 3116A and 3116B in FIG.
- the liquid distribution unit 3102 has a flow rate adjustment device 3300 ⁇ , 3300 ⁇ , a jizi valve 3122A, 3122B, a pressure measurement sensor 3124A, 3124B, a flow path switching valve 3126A. , 31 26mm, and backwash pump 3130.
- the transport pipes 3121A and 3121B are connected to a cleaning liquid container 3112 and a pressure source 3114, respectively.
- the backwash pump 3130 is used when the flow path of the mixing unit 3140 or the reaction unit 3142 is blocked by a product.
- the backwash pump 3130 is connected to a cleaning liquid container 3112 that stores the cleaning liquid, and is further connected to an outlet of the reaction unit 3142 via a flow path switching valve 3132.
- the cleaning liquid transferred by the backwash pump 3130 flows in the reverse direction of the normal flow. That is, the cleaning liquid also flows toward the inlet of the mixing unit 3140 with the outlet force of the reaction unit 3142, passes through the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B, and passes through a pipe not shown from the waste liquid port 3134 to the waste liquid storage container 31. Put in 36.
- the backwash pump 3130 is preferably a single-piston pump so that the washing liquid with high discharge pressure can cause pulsation to remove the product.
- an organic solvent hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, pure water or the like is preferably used.
- the organic solvent include acetone, ethanol, methanol and the like.
- the introduction port 3240 shown in FIG. 52 is provided when pure water or hydrogen water is introduced from the outside, and can be used for cleaning instead of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid container 3112.
- Fig. 55 shows a mixing unit 3140 for preheating (preliminary temperature adjustment) and mixing of the raw material liquid.
- the lower plate 3144c is joined to form a mixed portion 3140 having a total thickness of 5 mm.
- the flow paths described below are all grooves formed on the surface of the intermediate plate 3144b.
- the two inflow ports 3147A and 3147B formed through the upper plate 3144a communicate with the two preheating channels 3148A and 3148B formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 3144b, respectively.
- These preheating flow paths 3148A and 3148B each branch in the middle and expand, and merge again.
- the preliminary heating channels 3148A and 3148B communicate with the outlet channels 3150A and 3150B, respectively, and are connected to the outlet channels 3150A and 3150B through the junction 3152.
- the outlet channel 3150B is formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 31 44b, and the outlet channel 3150B is formed on the lower surface of the intermediate plate 3144b.
- FIG. 56 is an enlarged view of the junction shown in FIG.
- the merge portion 3152 includes headers 154, 3155 formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate plate 3144b as arc-shaped grooves that communicate with the outlet flow paths 3150A, 3150B, and the headers B3154, A plurality of split night passages 3156, 3157 extending toward the center of the arc from the 3155 force and a split space 3158, 3157 force S, and a merge space 3158 for joining them.
- the separation flow paths 3156 and 3157 and the merge space 3158 are formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 3144b, and the separation flow paths 3156 and 3157 are alternately arranged.
- the lower header portion 3155 and the liquid separation flow path 3157 communicate with each other through a communication hole 3157a that penetrates the intermediate plate 3144b.
- the merge space 3158 is formed so that its width gradually decreases toward the downstream side, and communicates with an outflow port 3160 formed through the middle plate 3144b and the lower plate 3144c.
- the separation channel 3 Five 156 and four separation flow paths 3157 are alternately arranged. Separation flow path 3156, 3157 Force The two types of liquid that flowed out respectively flow downstream while forming a striped flow in the merge space 3158, and as the flow path width of the merge space 3158 gradually decreases, The two liquids are forcibly mixed. In this example, the flow path width of the merge space 3158 finally reaches 40 xm. If the processing technology accuracy is increased, the channel width can be reduced to 10 zm.
- FIG. 57 (a) is a plan view showing the reaction section shown in FIG. 52
- FIG. 57 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the reaction section shown in FIG. 57 (a).
- two base materials 3144d and 3144e are joined to form a reaction portion 3142 having a thickness of 5 mm.
- the reaction flow path 3162 meanders and provides a long flow path efficiently.
- the reaction channel 3162 has communication rods B3162a and 3162c connected to the inlet port 3164 and the outlet port 3165, respectively, and a meander rod B portion 3162b communicating with the communication rods B3162a and 3162c.
- the width of the meandering part 3162b which narrows the width of the communication rods B3162a and 3162c, is formed. Therefore, the liquid flows rapidly at the entrance / exit part to prevent by-products from adhering, and flows slowly at the meandering part 3162b, so that the heating and reaction time can be increased.
- FIG. 58 (a) and FIG. 58 (b) show another example of the structure of the reaction section having the portion 316 3a in which the width of the reaction channel gradually decreases and the portion 3163b in which the width gradually increases.
- a reaction flow path 3163 is formed between the base materials 3144d and 3144e so that the width dimension increases or decreases in the range of maximum a to minimum b. You can increase or decrease the depth as the width dimension increases or decreases. In this example, the depth changes from the maximum c to the minimum d so that the cross-sectional area of the reaction channel 3163 is constant.
- FIG. 58 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the reaction channel.
- the reaction flow path 3163c has a flat shape with a large width e and a large heat transfer surface intersecting the heat transfer direction (indicated by an arrow) from the thermal catalyst. Therefore, heat is effectively transferred to the liquid in the reaction flow path 31 63c.
- it is effective to dispose an appropriate catalyst in the merge space 3158 and the reaction flow paths 316 2 and 3163.
- Such a catalyst is selected according to the type of reaction. For example, it can be applied to the inner surface of the flow path, or can be disposed as an obstacle to the flow path as will be described later.
- a material for forming at least the flow path of the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 for example, SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, etc. From (Poly ChloroTriFluoroEthylene), a preferable one is selected in consideration of chemical resistance, pressure resistance, thermal conductivity, heat resistance, and the like.
- the material of the wetted part of the mixing part 3140 and the reaction part 3142 should be able to be surface-catalyzed with little elution from the surface, have a certain degree of chemical resistance, and withstand a wide temperature range of _40 to 150 ° C .
- FIG. 59 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a temperature adjustment case for adjusting the temperatures of the mixing section and the reaction section. Note that, in the following description, only the temperature adjustment case 3146 for adjusting the temperature of the reaction unit 3142 is described.
- the temperature adjustment case 3146 for the mixing unit 3140 has the same configuration, and redundant description thereof is omitted. To do.
- the temperature adjustment case 3146 includes a case main body 3172 in which a space 3170 that accommodates the reaction portion 3142 is formed, and a lid portion 3174 that covers the space 3170. Grooves 3176 constituting the medium flow path are formed. A liquid supply path 3178 and a drainage path 3180 (see FIG.
- the liquid supply path 3178 and the drainage path 3180 are connected to the heat medium controller 3107, respectively.
- the liquid supply passage 3178 communicates with the groove 3176 of the lid portion 3174 via the opening 3179
- the drainage passage 3180 communicates with the groove 3176 of the lid portion 3174 via an opening (not shown).
- the heat medium flowing through the groove 3176 is in direct contact with the front and back surfaces of the reaction unit 3142, and the reaction unit 3142 is heated (or cooled) while being completely accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 3146.
- the heat medium controller 3107 includes a control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the heat medium and a pump for transferring the heat medium. As shown in FIG. 52, the heat medium passes through the heat exchanger 3182 and is then supplied to the temperature adjustment case 3146 of the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142.
- the heat exchanger 3182 can change the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 independently, for example, by changing the amount of brine for cooling.
- the heat medium flow path 3192 includes the case body 3172 and the lid portion 3174, respectively. Formed inside It is.
- the liquid supply path 3178 has a double pipe structure in which the tip of the liquid supply pipe 3188 is inserted, and is connected to the heat medium flow path 3192 via a thin communication path 3190. Communicate.
- the drainage side has the same configuration.
- the temperature adjustment case 3146 that accommodates the mixing unit 3140 and the temperature adjustment case 3146 that accommodates the reaction unit 3142 are stacked via a Bonoleto 3194, a nut 3195, and a spacer 3196. And combined.
- FIG. 60 (b) shows a path for supplying and discharging the liquid to the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 3146. That is, each liquid flows into and out of the mixing unit 3140 through the flow passage 3198 formed through the temperature adjustment case 3146. In addition, the liquid is circulated between the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 through a communication passage 3200 that communicates with the flow passage 3198 of the temperature adjustment case 3146.
- FIG. 60 (d) illustrates the structure of the inflow portion and the outflow portion of the liquid in the reaction section 3142. In order to direct the liquid flow downward, the liquid inlet of the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 is usually formed on the upper surface and the outlet is formed on the lower surface.
- the outlet 3202 of the reaction unit 3142 is connected to the product storage unit 3104 via a recovery pipe 3204.
- the product storage unit 3104 is provided with a recovery container 3208 on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 3206 for cooling and the flow path switching valve 3132.
- the product reservoir 3104 where the collection container 320 8 is placed is isolated so that it is not affected by temperature, etc. from other areas, and toxic gas that may be generated from the product is not leaked to the outside. Yes.
- FIG. 61 shows another configuration example of the product storage unit 3104.
- a plurality of recovery containers 3208 are installed on the turntable 3212.
- the actuator 3214 for moving the rotary table 3212 is a 180-degree rotary rotary actuator.
- the number of recovery containers 3208 and the type of the actuator 3214 can be selected as appropriate.
- the operation control unit 3106 shown in FIG. 52 determines the replacement timing of the recovery container 3208 based on a signal from the liquid level detection sensor 321 lb for detecting the liquid level of the recovery container 3208, and the flow path switching valve 3132 (see FIG. 52).
- the temperature of the heat medium is set by the heat medium controller 3107, and the temperature of each heat medium is adjusted by adjusting the amount of brine passing through the heat exchanger 3182, and the temperature of the mixing unit 3140 and reaction unit 3142 is adjusted.
- Heat medium is circulated through case 3146 to maintain them at a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature of the heat medium is measured by temperature sensors 3216 and 3218 provided at the inlet of the temperature adjustment case 3146.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is supplied to the flow paths in the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 to perform pre-cleaning. While cleaning the flow path, the temperature of the cleaning solution is measured by the temperature sensor 3220 at the outlet of the mixing unit 3140 and the temperature sensor 3222 at the outlet of the reaction unit 3142, and the temperature of the cleaning solution is fed back to the heat medium controller 3107. To do. In this way, the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 are adjusted to a predetermined temperature.
- the flow path switching valve 3132 is switched and the pumps 3116A and 3116B are driven to start the raw materials in the storage containers 3110A and 3110B. Each liquid is transferred.
- the raw material liquid is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate by the flow rate adjusting devices 3300A and 3300B, and then reaches the recovery container 3208 via the mixing unit 3140, the reaction unit 3142, the outlet 3202 and the recovery port 3210.
- the flow path switching valve 3132 is an automatic valve that is operated by an actuator, and this operation can also be performed automatically.
- mixing unit 3140 the raw material liquids are heated to a predetermined temperature in preheating channels 3148A and 3148B (see FIG. 55), and then merged and mixed in merging unit 3152.
- each liquid flows into the merge space 3158 via the liquid separation channels 3156 and 3157 from the header portions 3154 and 3155. Since the cross section of the merge space 3158 gradually decreases as it goes downstream, the micro-sized flows are mixed regularly, and the shell IJ is quickly mixed according to Fick's law. In that state, when it flows into the reaction flow path 3162 of the reaction unit 3142 maintained at a predetermined temperature, the reaction proceeds rapidly without being restricted by mass transfer or heat conduction.
- the width of the reaction channel 3162 Is formed sufficiently wider than the width of the confluence space 3158, so that even when the reaction rate is low, the reaction can be carried out over a sufficient period of time, and a high yield and yield can be obtained.
- the obtained product is sent from the outlet 3202 of the reaction channel 3162 to the heat exchanger 3206 via the recovery pipe 3204, where it is chilled P, and from the recovery port 3210 to the recovery container 3208. Inflow.
- the operation control unit 3106 stops the operation of the pumps 3116A and 3116B and ends the processing.
- the operation can be continued without stopping operation by switching the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B. Processing is possible.
- the liquid can be confined in the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 for a certain period of time to perform batch operation. Since the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B are also automatic valves, these operations can be automatically operated.
- the pumps 3116A and 3116B may be temporarily stopped, or the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B may be switched to stop the inflow of liquid into the processing unit 3103. This eliminates the need to increase the length of the reaction channel 3162 even when the reaction time of the liquid is long.
- a fullness detection means for detecting that the merge space 3158 and / or the reaction flow path 3162 is filled with liquid.
- an optical fluid detection sensor as shown in FIG. 61 is used.
- the pumps 3116A and 3116B are stopped or the first flow path switching valve is switched to allow the liquid to reach the reaction end time. It stays in the confluence space 3158 and / or the reaction flow path 3162 for a certain period of time.
- the flow rate of the liquid can be measured accurately, so that the measured flow rate and the liquid supply time force can be obtained. it can. Therefore, the operation control unit 3106 can adjust the production amount of the product based on the supply amount of the liquid, and can control the operation of the fluid reaction device. For example, when the liquid supply amount reaches a predetermined value, the operation control unit 3106 stops the operation of the pumps 31 16A and 3116B, or switches the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B. You may do it. As described above, by incorporating the flow control device according to the present invention in the fluid reaction device, the operation control unit 3106 can control the operation of each part of the fluid reaction device based on the supply amount of the liquid.
- FIG. 62 (a) and FIG. 62 (b) show another configuration example of the merging section in the mixing section 3140.
- the junction 3152a is configured by disposing an obstacle 3224 in a Y-shaped junction space 3158a over a predetermined distance L at a constant interval a.
- the obstacles 3224 are arranged in a staggered pattern so that adjacent ones are displaced by half the pitch in the flow direction.
- the interface 3125 between the liquid A and the liquid B meanders, so that the interface area (contact area) between the two liquids can be increased.
- a row of obstacles 3224 are arranged in a zigzag along the flow direction at the center of the junction space 3158b, and the interface area can be similarly increased. This is suitable for use in the narrow space, merge space 3158b.
- FIG. 64 shows another example of the configuration of the processing unit 3103 of the fluid reaction device. 52.
- two systems Rl and R2 each having a combination of the mixing unit 3140 and the reaction unit 3142 are provided, and further, the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B of the liquid distribution unit 3102 are used.
- Various types of raw material liquids can be supplied to any of the systems Rl and R2. In this way, the use of two systems has the ability to increase the amount of processing as needed, and various other methods of use. For example, if the reaction product precipitates solid particles or is easily clogged in the middle of piping, use one system as a backup.
- the batch operation described above can be performed continuously by alternately switching the transfer lines by the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B.
- three or more transfer lines can be provided in parallel as appropriate.
- the flow path switching valves 3126A and 3126B can be automatically operated.
- FIG. 65 shows an example in which a plurality of reaction units are arranged in series in the processing unit 3103.
- one mixing unit 3140 and three reaction units 3142a, 3142b, 3142c are connected in series, and temperature sensors 3220, 3222a, 3222b, 3222c are provided with a force S, respectively.
- the temperature of the reaction units 3142a, 3142b, and 3142c can be controlled independently according to the stage of the reaction. This configuration is similar to biochemical reactions in reaction time and reaction temperature. It is suitable for reactions that want to change the degree boldly and instantaneously. For example, a reaction such as reacting at 100 ° C in the reaction unit 3142a and reacting at -20 ° C in the reaction unit 3142b is possible with this system.
- FIG. 66 is an example in which a plurality of mixing units are provided in the processing unit 3103.
- a first mixing unit 3140 and a reaction unit 3142 for mixing and reacting liquid A and liquid B are provided, and a second mixing unit 3140a is provided downstream of the reaction unit 3142.
- this mixing section 3140a the third raw material liquid or the C liquid which is the reactant transported from the pump 3116C is merged with the A liquid and the B liquid.
- the temperatures of these two mixing sections 3140, 3140a and one reaction section 3142 are individually controlled.
- Liquid C may be a reaction terminator.
- the inline yield evaluator 3226 is directly connected to the outlet 3202 of the second mixing unit 3140a. As a result, the yield of the chemical reaction results can be confirmed in real time and can be immediately fed back to the process parameters.
- the in-line yield evaluator 3226 includes methods such as infrared spectroscopy, near infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet absorption as methods that can be measured without separating the object to be measured.
- a separation / extraction unit 3228 that separates unnecessary substances and necessary substances from the reaction product is further provided on the downstream side of the second mixing unit 3140a.
- the separation / extraction section 3228 has a Y-shaped separation flow path 3234.
- the liquid from the second mixing part 3140a is branched into two flows by the separation channel 3234, one in the channel formed by the hydrophobic wall 3230 that allows only the hydrophobic molecules in the substance to pass through, and the other in the channel It flows into the flow path formed by the hydrophilic wall 3232 that allows only hydrophilic molecules in the substance to pass through.
- the separated substances are collected in collection containers 3208 and 3208a through collection pipes 3204 and 3204a, respectively.
- a membrane or a porous frit that can adsorb only a hydrophobic substance may be used.
- Fig. 67 is a configuration example for continuous processing by repeating mixing and reaction and separation and extraction.
- the mixing unit 3140a for processing the A liquid and the B liquid, the reaction unit 3142a, and the separation / extraction unit 32 28a are arranged upstream, and the mixing unit for processing the liquid extracted from the separation / extraction unit 3228a and the C liquid.
- 3140b, reaction unit 3142b, and separation / extraction unit 3228b are arranged on the downstream side. Unnecessary substances after reaction of liquid A and liquid B are separated from the outlet 3234a of the separation and extraction unit 3228a.
- Unnecessary substances in the second reaction to which the liquid C is added are discharged out of the system from the outlet 3234b of the separation and extraction unit 3228b. Furthermore, a mixing unit 3140c for mixing the liquid extracted from the separation / extraction unit 3228b and the fourth liquid D is provided.
- the D solution can be a reaction terminator or other raw material solution.
- An inline yield evaluator 3226 may be provided on the downstream side of the mixing unit 3140c.
- FIG. 68 (a) shows a configuration in which the respective parts in FIG. 67 are laminated.
- the liquid flows downward.
- the mixing unit 3140a, the reaction unit 3142a, the separation / extraction unit 3228a, the mixing unit 3140b, the reaction unit 31 42b, the separation / extraction unit 3228b, and the mixing unit 3140c are accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 3146, respectively, and the Bonoleto 3194 and the nut 3195
- the spacers 3196 are stacked at a predetermined interval. The movement of the liquid between each part is performed through the communication passage 3200 (see Fig. 55 (b)).
- Air is interposed between each part, and the heat insulation of the air is used so that it is not affected by the heat of other parts, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature control.
- a heat insulating material such as a clean silicon member 3236 containing bubbles.
- the fluid introduced into the fluid reaction apparatus is liquid or gas
- the substance to be recovered is liquid, gas, solid or a mixture thereof.
- a powder dissolver can be installed in the raw material reservoir 3101.
- FIG. 69 shows a configuration example of the raw material reservoir 3101 in which one of the two raw material liquids is a solution in which powder is dissolved and the other is originally liquid.
- the raw material powder and solvent are introduced from the raw material inlet 3242 of the powder dissolver 3240.
- the raw material powder is dissolved by heating with the heater 3244 and stirring with the stirrer 3246, and the generated raw material liquid is pumped through the pipe 3249 drawn into the take-out port 3148 through the pump 3116A (thus,? Send the sound ⁇ 3140 and the reaction sound ⁇ 3142 ⁇ .
- the flow rate adjusting device according to the present invention can be suitably used for a fluid reaction device (microreactor) that mixes and reacts fluids in a minute space.
- a fluid reaction device microwave reactor
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described so far and is not limited to the illustrated examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- Guess I can get it.
- the present invention is further used in the fluid reaction device and the fluid mixing device of the present invention.
- the present invention also relates to a flow rate adjusting device capable of performing
- the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- a temperature adjustment mechanism for adjusting the temperature of the fluid flowing through the flow path for a short time at a predetermined temperature adjustment position, and at least one temperature measurement position downstream of the temperature adjustment position of the flow path.
- a flow rate measuring device for determining a passage time of a fluid whose temperature is adjusted based on a temperature change at a temperature measurement position observed by the main temperature sensor and calculating a flow rate based on the determination result.
- the sub-temperature sensor is installed upstream of the temperature control position of the flow path, and the temperature measurement value of the main temperature sensor is corrected by the measurement value of the sub-temperature sensor.
- the temperature of the flow path that has not been subjected to the temperature change due to the movement of the fluid is measured by the sub-temperature sensor installed on the upstream side of the flow path. Therefore, by correcting the temperature measurement value of the main temperature sensor with the measurement value of the sub temperature sensor, it is possible to detect the temperature change of the fluid excluding the influence of disturbance. Accordingly, it is possible to more accurately determine when the temperature-controlled fluid passes and to calculate the flow rate more accurately based on the determination result.
- the location of the sub temperature sensor is a place where the influence of disturbance at the measurement position of the main temperature sensor (for example, the heat of the temperature control mechanism transmitted through the piping) can be measured.
- the main temperature sensor for example, the heat of the temperature control mechanism transmitted through the piping
- it is symmetrical with the main temperature sensor, or equidistant in the case of curved piping. Therefore, when sub-temperature sensors are installed for a plurality of main temperature sensors, they are installed at positions corresponding to each. Since this position is not necessarily a symmetrical position according to the situation at the site, an isothermal point when the flow rate is zero may be searched.
- the vertical axis represents temperature and the horizontal axis represents time.
- a thermal load is applied to the fluid as indicated by the symbol HL by the temperature control mechanism, and the temperature is increased at a predetermined rate of change.
- temperature changes such as Sl and S2 are observed at the first measurement point P1 and the second measurement point P2, respectively.
- the actual temperature change of the fluid is the difference, that is, the part marked with a thin line in Fig. 7 3 (a). This is shown as curve A Sl, ⁇ S2 in FIG. 73 (b).
- the peak parts of the curves A Sl and A S2 are considered to measure the center point of the temperature-controlled liquid at the temperature control position Ph. Therefore, the time difference At is between the Pl and P2 fluids. This is considered to correspond to the time for moving. Therefore, the fluid flow rate can be obtained from the following equation.
- the time difference between the upstream temperature curve and the downstream temperature curve depends only on the flow rate under the same average flow velocity of the fluid.
- the way to ask does not change. For example, as shown in FIG. 72, even if the viscosity of the fluid changes, only the maximum flow rate changes and the average flow rate (ie, flow rate) does not change. Therefore, by measuring the time difference between the temperature curves that appear at the two measurement points, it is possible to accurately measure the flow rate without being affected by the physical properties of the fluid.
- the flow rate is laminar because the internal diameter of the flow path is as small as 2 mm or less. It becomes. Therefore, the curve indicating the flow velocity distribution in the flow path is not disturbed and its shape is stable, which makes it possible to measure the flow rate based on the time difference of temperature change. This makes it unnecessary to know the physical properties of the reagent, such as the specific heat, specific gravity, and viscosity in advance, even when using various reagents, and simply setting the target flow rate.
- the force S can be obtained with the desired flow rate.
- Examples of the fluid used in the present invention include reagents, organic solvents, biochemical substances, and the like.
- screening is performed in which a number of reagents are used and tests are performed with various conditions such as concentration, solvent, and temperature changed. This screening requires accurate volume measurement regardless of the physical properties of the reagent.
- an accurate volume (flow rate) of a reagent can be obtained regardless of the type of reagent, and a preferable development environment can be provided.
- the force measuring the time difference when the peaks of the two temperature curves appear is not limited to this.
- the time difference at the rise of the temperature curve Alternatively, a time difference at a time point deviated from the peak by a predetermined time may be obtained.
- the time difference between two points corresponding to each other on the temperature curve is measured.
- the correction is performed by obtaining a difference between a measurement value of the main temperature sensor and a measurement value of the sub temperature sensor.
- the method for obtaining the difference may be an analog method for directly obtaining the output difference as in a bridge circuit, or a digital method for processing after changing the analog / digital measurement signal.
- the flow rate of the fluid is determined based on the time difference between the two corresponding points on the temperature curve indicating the temperature change of the fluid at the first measurement point and the second measurement point. Can be calculated. Note that the correction by the sub-temperature sensor may be performed for the main temperature sensor measurement values at both the first measurement point and the second measurement point, or only for the one with the greater influence of the disturbance. Good.
- the time when the temperature measurement value after the correction reaches the extreme value is determined as the passage of the temperature-controlled fluid.
- Flow rate measuring device to be used This is because the time point when the temperature measurement value reaches the minimum value (in the case of cooling) or the maximum value (in the case of heating) is considered to be the time when the portion affected by the temperature control passes.
- the sub-temperature sensor is located substantially symmetrical to the temperature measurement position with respect to the temperature control position. Flow rate measuring device.
- the measured value of the main temperature sensor or the sub temperature sensor is converted from analog to digital and incorporated into a digital circuit.
- a flow rate measuring device characterized by
- the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a Bellecher element, a Seebeck element, an electromagnetic wave generator, a resistance heating wire, a thermistor, or a platinum resistor.
- a flow rate measuring device comprising: The temperature adjustment mechanism is not limited to the heating means, and a cooling means may be used.
- the material is stainless steel, titanium, polyetheretherketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polytrifluoroethylene.
- the control valve includes a valve for adjusting a flow rate and a drive source for driving the valve.
- the drive source includes a piezoelectric element and an electromagnet. , A servo motor, or a stepping motor. According to the present invention, by using a drive source with good responsiveness, it is possible to quickly drive the valve based on the actual flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement unit and keep the flow rate constant.
- control valve includes a valve for adjusting a flow rate and a drive source for driving the valve, and the drive source includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements.
- a flow rate adjusting device characterized by having a laminated structure. According to the present invention, even when a high-pressure fluid flows, the flow rate can be kept constant without being affected by high pressure or pressure fluctuation.
- the pressure of the fluid passing through the control valve is IMPa to:! OMPa.
- the flow rate of the fluid passing through the control valve is 0.01 to:! OLZh. .
- a plurality of containers that store fluid, a mixing unit that mixes the fluid, a reaction unit that reacts the mixed fluid, and the flow control device according to any one of (12) to (16) A fluid reaction device characterized by comprising:
- FIG. 74 is a schematic diagram showing the flow rate adjusting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the flow rate adjustment device of the present embodiment includes a flow rate measurement unit 4010 that measures the flow rate of the liquid (fluid) that flows through the flow path 4001, a control valve 4020 that adjusts the flow rate of the liquid, It basically comprises a control unit 4030 that controls the control valve 4020 based on the flow rate measured by the measurement unit (flow rate measuring device) 4010.
- the flow rate measuring unit 4010 includes a temperature control mechanism 4002 that heats the liquid flowing through the flow path 4001 at a predetermined cycle, and a first measurement point downstream of the installation position (temperature control position Ph) of the temperature control mechanism 4002
- the first main temperature sensor 4003 that measures the temperature of the liquid at Pml
- the second main temperature sensor 40 04 that measures the temperature of the liquid at the second measurement point Pm2 downstream from the first measurement point Pml Is provided.
- these primary temperature sensor and symmetrical (equidistant) to for each temperature adjustment mechanism 4002 upstream position Psl, the p s 2, respectively vice temperature sensor 4003a, 4a are provided.
- the distance D between the temperature control mechanism 4002 and the first main temperature sensor 4003 and the distance D between the first main temperature sensor 4003 and the second main temperature sensor 4004 are not particularly limited, but 0.5 [mm] to 10 [mm] is preferred.
- the temperature control mechanism 4002 is provided so as to surround the wall portion of the flow path 4001, and heats the liquid through the wall portion of the flow path 4001. This temperature control mechanism 4002 is connected to the temperature control unit 4005 so as to heat the liquid at an optimum rate of temperature increase.
- a Peltier element, Seebeck element, electromagnetic wave generator, resistance heater, or the like is preferably used.
- the temperature adjustment mechanism 4002 may change the temperature of the liquid by cooling the liquid.
- the outputs of the first main temperature sensor 4003 and the first sub temperature sensor 4003a are input to the first difference detection circuit 8A.
- the second main temperature sensor 4004 and the second sub temperature sensor The output of 4004a is input to the second difference detection circuit 4008B.
- These differential detection circuits 4 008A and 4008B are constituted by a bridge circuit 4008C as shown in FIG. 75, if f columns, and the difference signals of the main temperature sensors 4003 and 4004 and the IJ temperature sensors 4003a and 4004a force, Output to the difference measurement unit 4009.
- the time difference measurement unit 4009 calculates the time for the heated liquid to pass through the two measurement points PI and P2 from the change of each difference signal, and obtains the liquid flow rate, that is, the flow rate based on the difference.
- the method for extracting the difference between the main temperature sensors 4003 and 4004 and the IJ temperature sensors 4003a and 4004a A method may be used in which the temperature signal is converted from analog to digital and incorporated into a digital circuit, and the difference is calculated by software.
- the input may be made without passing through the bridge circuit, or the digital signal may be processed after the peak detection after passing through the bridge circuit.
- the channel 4001 is basically a closed system and may handle liquids that are highly reactive or harmful to the environment or dangerous, it is not preferable to form an opening. Therefore, in this example, the temperature adjustment mechanism 4002, the first main temperature sensor 4003, and the second main temperature sensor 4004 are all attached to the outer surface of the pipe 4001A constituting the flow path 4001. Each sub temperature sensor is similarly attached to the outer surface of the flow path 4001. Therefore, these temperature sensors 4003, 4003a, 4004, 4004a measure the temperature of the liquid via the wall portion of the flow path 4001. As the temperature sensors 4003, 4003a, 4004, and 4004a, a thermistor type thermometer or a thermocouple having excellent responsiveness is preferably used.
- the wall of the channel 4001, temperature adjustment mechanism 4002 and temperature sensor 4003, 40 03a, 4004, also to Yo Rere 0 Rere displaced even a 4004a, FIIT sensor 40 for 3 ⁇ 4 "03, 4004 and ⁇ IJ Temperature Sensors 4003a and 4004a preferably use the same installation method [0481]
- the principle by which the flow rate of the liquid is measured by the time difference measuring unit 4009 is as described with reference to FIG. That is, when the temperature adjustment mechanism 4002 heats the liquid with a panoramic load as shown in FIG. 73 while the liquid is flowing, the heated liquid flows downstream, and the first measurement point Pml and the second measurement are performed. It passes through the point Pm2. At this time, the temperature of the liquid at the first measurement point Pml is measured by the first main temperature sensor 4003, and the temperature of the liquid at the second measurement point P2 is measured by the second main temperature sensor 4004.
- the auxiliary temperature sensors 4003a and 4004a are arranged at positions opposite to the temperature control mechanism 4002 for the main temperature sensors 4003 and 4004, and the influence of ambient temperature change and tube wall heat transfer is measured. taking measurement.
- the ambient temperature change and the temperature change of the fluid itself that has canceled the influence of tube wall heat transfer are measured.
- the temperature change of the fluid itself can be detected accurately, so the distance between the temperature detection positions is increased and accurate flow rate detection is performed over a wide flow rate range. be able to.
- the output signals of the first main temperature sensor 4003 and the sub temperature sensor 4003a (S1 and si in FIG. 7 3 (a)) are input to the difference detection circuit 4008A and the difference signals (FIG. 7 3 ( b) ⁇ S1) is output, and the output signals of the second temperature sensor 4004 and the sub temperature sensor 4004a (S2 and s2 in Fig. 73 (a)) are input to the difference detection circuit 4008B and their difference signals are output. ( ⁇ S2 in FIG. 73 (b)) is output, and these outputs are continuously sent to the time difference measurement unit 4009.
- the flow rate is converted by the following formula.
- Flow rate Distance between temperature measurement points (D) X channel cross-sectional area ⁇ time difference (A t) Note that the measurement time difference ⁇ in FIG. 73 (a) shows the case of the conventional method for comparison, and employs the time difference of the peak of the temperature measurement values of the main temperature sensors 4003 and 4004 themselves.
- the time difference between the other two corresponding points of the force-temperature change curve obtained by determining the fluid flow rate based on the moving speed of the peak of temperature change may be obtained.
- the time difference between the rises of two temperature forces may be obtained.
- the above flow rate calculation method by the flow rate measurement unit 4010 may be produced by an analog circuit or digitally.
- digital processing even if the signals from the temperature sensors 4003, 4003a, 4004, and 4004a are input after analog / digital conversion, the difference signals after passing through the difference detection circuits 4008A and 4008B are converted to analog / digital. You can also use the input method.
- control valve 4020 is arranged on the downstream side of the flow rate measuring unit 4010.
- the control valve 4020 includes a piston (valve) 4021 disposed so as to oppose the liquid flow, and a piezoelectric element (drive source) 4022 for driving the piston 4021.
- the piezoelectric element (piezoelectric actuator) 4022 is fixed to the back surface of the piston 4021, and the piezoelectric element 4022 and the piston 4021 are integrally formed.
- the piston 4021 and the piezoelectric element 4022 are accommodated in the piston chamber 4023 and moved.
- the soot in the channel 4001 has a T-junction, and the piston 4021 is arranged so that the liquid flowing into the T-junction hits the front surface of the piston 4021.
- a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 4022, the piezoelectric element 4022 expands and contracts, thereby moving the piston 4021 along the liquid flow direction to adjust the opening degree ⁇ of the piston 4021.
- a throttle 4001a is provided on the upstream side of the piston 4021. By narrowing the flow path 4001, the flow rate can be accurately adjusted by the piston 4021.
- the piston chamber 4023 described above is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the piston chamber 4023 is fixed to the outer surface of the flow path 4001 in a liquid-tight manner. With such a configuration, even when the gap force between the piston 4021 and the flow path 4001 leaks, the liquid is held inside the piston chamber 4023, so that leakage of the liquid to the outside is prevented.
- a reaction product is generated on the downstream side of the flow control device by the reaction between the reagents.
- the pressure of the liquid on the downstream side of the flow controller increases, and the flow path 4001 Force Liquid may leak.
- leakage of liquid to the outside can be prevented by the bottomed cylindrical piston chamber 4023, so that accurate flow rate adjustment is possible.
- the control unit 4030 includes an amplifier 4032 connected to the time difference measurement unit 4009, a comparison unit (PID control unit) 4033 that determines the opening of the piston 4021 for keeping the flow rate constant, and a piezoelectric element 4022 of the control valve 4020. And a piston drive circuit 4034 for generating a voltage to be applied to.
- the amplifier 4032 amplifies the signal representing the liquid flow rate (actual flow rate) calculated by the time difference measurement unit 4009 and sends the amplified signal (actual flow rate) to the comparison unit 4033.
- the set flow rate (target value) is input in advance to the comparison unit 4033.
- the comparison unit 4033 compares the actual flow rate with the set flow rate, and determines the opening degree of the piston 4021 for matching the actual flow rate with the set flow rate. Calculate.
- the opening degree of the piston 4021 calculated by the comparison unit 4033 is converted into a voltage by the piston drive circuit 4034. This voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 4022, and the piston 4021 is driven by the piezoelectric element 4022. In this way, the control valve 4020 is controlled by the control unit 4030 so that the flow rate of the liquid passing through the control valve 4020 is always constant.
- the distance of the flow path 4001 between the flow measurement unit 4010 and the control valve 4020 is preferably as short as possible. That is, the distance between the second main temperature sensor 4004 and the piston 4021 is preferably 10 to 100 mm, more preferably 10 to 50 mm, and still more preferably 10 to 20 mm.
- a drive source (actuator) used for the control valve 4020 having excellent responsiveness such as a piezoelectric element. In this way, fluctuations (pulsations) in the flow rate flowing through the flow path 4001 can be quickly eliminated, and a constant flow rate can be maintained.
- This flow control device is suitably used for a fluid reaction device (microreactor) that reacts two or more kinds of liquids.
- a fluid reaction device microreactor
- the inner diameter of the flow path 4001 of the flow control device according to the present embodiment is preferably 0.:! To 5 mm, more preferably 0.:! To 2 mm, and further preferably 0.1 to: 1mm. Also, if you want to handle only a small amount, The minimum diameter can be up to 0.02 mm. If the width (inner diameter) of the flow path is reduced, it becomes necessary to transfer the liquid at a high pressure.
- the pressure of the liquid at the outlet of the flow rate adjusting device (downstream of the control valve 4020) is IMPa ⁇ : 10 MPa, 2 MPa ⁇ 5 MPa, or 3 MPa ⁇ 4 MPa.
- Liquids to be handled include reagents, organic solvents, biochemical substances, and the like. Therefore, it is preferable that the material constituting the flow path 4001 has corrosion resistance. Further, as described above, the first main temperature sensor 4003 and the second main temperature sensor 4 measure the temperature of the liquid through the wall portion of the flow path 4001, so that the material constituting the flow path 4001 is It is preferable that it has excellent thermal conductivity and can withstand a wide temperature range of -40 to 150 ° C. Further, the material constituting the flow path 4001 is preferably one that can withstand the high pressure of the liquid.
- the material constituting the flow path 4001 include hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, and Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, PEEK (polyethere therketone), PE ⁇ polyethylene), Examples include PVC (polyvinylchlonde;), PDMS (Polydimethylsiioxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene), and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane).
- hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, and Pyrex (registered trademark) glass
- PEEK polyethere therketone
- PVC polyvinylchlonde
- PDMS Polydimethylsiioxane
- Si silicon
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PCTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalk
- the wall thickness of the channel 4001 be 0.01 to 0.1 lm.
- a resin such as PEEK, PTFE, PCTFE, or PFA
- the wall thickness of the channel 4001 is preferably 0.:! To lmm.
- thermal conductivity it is preferable to use Ti with a small heat capacity.
- resin it is preferable to improve the thermal conductivity by locally reducing the thickness of the portion of the flow path 4001 to which the first main temperature sensor 4003 and the second main temperature sensor 4004 are attached.
- FIG. 76 is an enlarged view showing another configuration example of the control valve.
- the drive source that drives the piston 4021 is required to drive the piston 4021 against high-pressure liquid.
- two piezoelectric elements 4022 are stacked in order to increase the driving force. With such a configuration, even when the liquid is at a high pressure, the opening angle of the piston 4021 can be accurately adjusted, and the flow rate can be kept constant. If necessary, three or more piezoelectric elements may be laminated.
- FIG. 77 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which simplifies the previous embodiment. It is a thing. Note that the configuration of the present embodiment that is not particularly described is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, and thus redundant description thereof is omitted.
- the time difference measuring unit 4009 has the power to judge the peak based on the difference (temperature curve of ⁇ S1 shown in FIG. 78) for the first temperature measurement position Pml.
- the main temperature Sensor 4004 measured force Determine peak.
- FIG. 79 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the first main temperature sensor 4003, the first sub temperature sensor 4003a, and the first difference detection circuit 4008A are omitted, and the flow rate measurement unit 4010
- the second main temperature sensor 4004, the second sub temperature sensor 4004a, and the second difference detection circuit 4008B force time difference measurement unit 4009 are connected to each other.
- the first measurement point P ml overlaps with the position Ph of the temperature adjustment mechanism 4002.
- the liquid flowing in the channel 4001 is heated by the thermal load panelless HL by the temperature control mechanism 4002 and starts to rise in temperature. Heating pulses are rectangular, triangular, and sine waves Etc. are used as appropriate.
- the loading time of the thermal load pulse HL is from 0.001 to 100 seconds, preferably from 0.01 second to 10 seconds, and more preferably from 0.1 to 1 second. Caro
- the heated liquid flows through the channel 4001 and eventually passes through the second measurement point P2. At this time, the temperature curve ⁇ S2 is detected by the difference between the second temperature sensor 4004 and the first side temperature sensor 4004a.
- the peak is determined by the time difference measuring unit 4009, the time difference At from the time of the representative point of the thermal load pulse HL is obtained, and the flow rate of the liquid is calculated by the above formula.
- the point at the rear end of the pulse is used as the representative point of the thermal load pulse HL.
- an appropriate point corresponding to the temperature rise of the fluid can be obtained experimentally and used. ,.
- a columnar spool 4024 is used instead of the piston 4021.
- the spunole 4024 is disposed in the clog path of the flow path 4001, and its tip is slidably fitted in the flow path 4001.
- a magnetic body (for example, an iron core) 4025 is attached to the end of the spool 4024, and an electromagnet 4026 is disposed around the magnetic body 4025.
- a seal member 4027 is disposed between the electromagnet 4026 and the flow path 4001, and liquid leakage is prevented by the seal member 4027.
- the magnetic body 4025 is driven by the electromagnetic force formed by the electromagnet 4026, whereby the spool 4024 moves along its axial direction.
- the control valve 4020 having such a configuration is called a solenoid valve (solenoid valve).
- FIG. 81 is a perspective view of the spool shown in FIG. 79.
- an obliquely extending groove 4024a is formed on the side surface of the spunole 4024.
- the groove 4024a has a triangular cross-section, and the size of the cross section changes according to the axial position. That is, the cross-section of the groove 4024a gradually decreases as the cross-sectional position that is the largest at the tip of the spool 4024 is directed toward the opposite end. Since the liquid flows through the groove 4024a, the flow rate can be adjusted by moving the spool 4024 in the axial direction. In this case, the opening degree of the spool (valve) 4024 can be expressed by the length of the groove 4024a protruding from the flow path 4001.
- the control unit 4030 of this embodiment includes a spool drive circuit 4035 instead of the piston drive circuit.
- the spool drive circuit 4035 is a spool calculated by the comparison unit 4033.
- the opening degree of the pool 4024 is converted into current, and this current is supplied to the electromagnet 4026, so that the spool 4024 moves.
- the control valve 4020 is controlled by the control unit 4030 so that the flow rate of the liquid passing through the control valve 4020 is always constant. Note that it is preferable to use an electromagnet that can generate a large electromagnetic force in order to maintain a constant flow rate even when the liquid is at a high pressure.
- FIG. 82 is a schematic diagram showing a flow rate adjusting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Since the configuration of the present embodiment not specifically described is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, the redundant description thereof is omitted.
- the control valve 4020 of the present embodiment includes an inverted triangular pyramid-shaped poppet 4041 instead of the piston 4021.
- the poppet 4041 is located on the clog path of the flow path 4001, and is arranged so that the tip thereof faces the liquid flow.
- a shaft 4042 is physically fixed to the poppet 40 41, and this shaft 4042 is fitted to a bottomed cylindrical shaft guide 4043.
- a gear 4044 force s is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft guide 4043, and the gear 4044 meshes with a gear 4046 connected to a servo motor 4045.
- the shaft 4042 is configured not to rotate by a rotation prevention mechanism (not shown) such as a key or a key groove. Note that the poppet 4041, the shaft 4042, and the shaft guide 4043 are aligned on the same axis.
- a seal member 4047 force S is disposed between the shaft guide 4043 and the flow path 4001, and the liquid is prevented from leaking from the flow path 4001.
- a male screw 4042a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 4042, and a female screw (not shown) that fits the male screw 4042a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft guide 4043.
- the control unit 4030 includes a poppet drive circuit 40 48 instead of the piston drive circuit.
- the poppet drive circuit 4048 converts the opening of the poppet 4041 calculated by the comparison unit 4033 into a current, and this current is supplied to the servo motor 4045. Poppet 4041 moves.
- the control valve 4020 is controlled by the control unit 4030 so that the flow rate of the liquid passing through the control valve 4020 is always constant. Note that it is preferable to use a servo motor or a stepping motor capable of generating a large torque in order to make the flow rate accurately constant even when the liquid is high pressure.
- the above-described embodiments can be combined as necessary.
- the environmental temperature control mechanism 4011 according to the second embodiment may be incorporated in the third and fourth embodiments.
- the flow rate adjusting device according to the above-described embodiment can measure and control not only liquid but also gas flow rate.
- FIG. 83 to FIG. 85 (b) are diagrams showing the overall configuration of a fluid reaction device incorporating a flow rate control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fluid reaction apparatus described below is an apparatus used for mixing and reacting two or more kinds of liquids.
- the fluid reaction device is entirely installed in one installation space and packaged.
- the installation space is rectangular and is divided into four areas along the longitudinal direction. That is, the first region on the one end side is a raw material storage section 4101 in which a plurality of storage containers 4110 (only two storage containers 4110A and 4110B are shown in FIG. 83) for storing the raw material liquid are installed.
- the adjacent second region is a liquid distribution unit 4102 in which pumps 4116A and 4116B for transferring the raw material liquid in the storage container 4110 are installed.
- a third region adjacent to the second region is a processing unit 4103 having a mixing unit (mixing chip) 4140 for mixing the raw material liquid and a reaction unit (reaction chip) 4142 for reacting the mixed raw material liquid.
- the fourth region on the other end side is a product storage part (collection container installation space) 4104 for deriving and storing the product obtained as a result of the treatment.
- this fluid reaction device includes an operation control unit 4106, which is a computer that controls the operation of each unit, and a heat medium controller 4107 that adjusts the temperature of the processing unit 4103 by flowing a heat medium through the temperature adjustment case 4146.
- the operation control unit 4106 is shown in FIG.
- a flow rate monitor 4270 and a temperature monitor 4272 that can monitor the flow rate and temperature of the liquid are installed.
- the operation control unit 4106 and the heat medium controller 4107 are provided separately from the fluid reaction device, but may of course be integrated.
- a pipe 4001A chamber 4105 is formed in the lower floor portion of the second to fourth regions, where a heating medium for heating or cooling is sent to the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142. Pipe 4001A is installed.
- each part is linear, but for example, if the whole is close to a square, and if it is a space, each part may be configured so that the liquid flow forms a loop.
- reference numeral 4250 denotes a liquid storage pan provided at the lower part of the apparatus
- reference numeral 4252 denotes a liquid leakage sensor installed on the liquid storage pan 4250.
- the distribution bottle 4102, the treatment bottle B4103, and the product shellfish retainer B4104 are partitioned by partition walls 4254 and 4256, and covers 4258, 4260, and 4262 are attached to each part, and these parts are connected to the outside of the apparatus. Are separated.
- Reference numeral 4264 denotes an exhaust port, which is connected to an exhaust fan (not shown). And by making the pressure inside the device negative from outside the device, toxic gas inside the device is prevented from leaking outside.
- the raw material storage unit 4101 shown in Fig. 83 two storage containers 4110A and 4110B are installed, but three or more storage containers may be used as necessary. For example, by storing the same liquid in two storage containers and using them alternately, the processing can be performed continuously.
- the raw material storage unit 4101 may be provided with a cleaning liquid container 4112 containing an organic solvent such as acetone for line cleaning, hydrochloric acid, pure water, or the like, or a pressure source 4114 filled with a purge nitrogen gas. Further, the waste liquid container 4136 may be placed in the raw material storage unit 4101.
- the liquid distribution section (introduction section) 4102 is provided with pumps 4116A and 4116B connected to the storage containers 4110A and 4110B via transport pipes 4121A and 4121B. Centrifugal pumps are used for pumps 4116A and 4116B in Fig. 83.
- the liquid distribution unit 4102 is Flow control devices 300A and 300B, relief valves 4122A and 4122B, pressure measurement sensors 4124A and 4124B, flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B, and a backwash pump 4130 disposed downstream of the pumps 4116A and 4116B .
- the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B are connected to the cleaning liquid container 4112 and the pressure source 4114 in addition to the transport pipes 4121A and 4121B, respectively.
- the backwash pump 4130 is used when the flow path of the mixing unit 4140 or the reaction unit 4142 is blocked by the product.
- the backwash pump 4130 is connected to the cleaning liquid container 4112 for storing the cleaning liquid, and is further connected to the outlet of the reaction unit 4142 via the flow path switching valve 4132.
- the cleaning liquid transferred by the backwash pump 4130 flows in the opposite direction to the normal flow. That is, the cleaning liquid also flows toward the inlet of the mixing unit 4140 as the outlet force of the reaction unit 4142, and enters the waste liquid storage container 4136 from the waste liquid port 4134 through the pipe 4001A (not shown) through the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B. .
- the backwash pump 4130 is preferably a single-piston pump so that the washing liquid having a high discharge pressure can cause pulsation to remove the product.
- an organic solvent hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, pure water or the like is preferably used.
- the organic solvent include acetone, ethanol, methanol and the like.
- An inlet 4240 shown in FIG. 83 is provided when pure water or hydrogen water is introduced from the outside, and can be used for cleaning instead of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid container 4112.
- Fig. 86 shows a mixing unit 4140 for preheating (preliminary temperature adjustment) and mixing of the raw material liquid.
- the lower plate 4144c is joined to form a mixed portion 4140 having a total thickness of 5 mm. Note that the flow paths described below are all grooves formed on the surface of the intermediate plate 4144b.
- the two inflow ports 4147A and 4147B formed through the upper plate 4144a communicate with the two preheating channels 4148A and 4148B formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 4144b, respectively. These preheating channels 4148A and 4148B each branch in the middle and expand, and merge again.
- the preliminary heating channels 4148A and 4148B communicate with the outlet channels 4150A and 4150B, respectively, and these outlet channels 4150A and 4150B communicate with the junction 4152.
- the outlet channel 4150A is formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 4144b, and the outlet channel 4150B is formed on the lower surface of the middle plate 4144b.
- FIG. 87 is an enlarged view of the junction shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 87, the junction 4152
- the header ⁇ 4155 formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle plate 4144b as arc-shaped grooves communicating with the outlet flow paths 4150A and 4150B, respectively, and the header ⁇ B4154 and 4155, and a plurality of components extending toward the center of the arc.
- the night passages 4156 and 4157 and the separation passages 4156 and 4157 have a joining space 4158 where they merge.
- the separation flow paths 4156 and 4157 and the merge space 4158 are formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 4144b, and the separation flow paths 4156 and 4157 are alternately arranged.
- the merge space 4158 is formed so that the width gradually decreases toward the downstream side, and communicates with an outflow port 4160 formed through the middle plate 4144b and the lower plate 4144c.
- FIG. 88 (a) is a plan view showing the reaction part shown in FIG. 83
- FIG. 88 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the reaction part shown in FIG. 88 (a).
- two base materials 4144d and 4144e are joined to form a reaction portion 4142 having a thickness of 5 mm.
- the reaction flow path 4162 meanders, and a long flow path is efficiently provided.
- the reaction flow path 4162 has connecting rods B4162a and 4162c connected to the inlet port 4164 and the outlet port 4165, respectively, and a meandering rod B portion 4162b communicating with the connecting rods B4162a and 4162c.
- the width of the meandering part 4162b which is narrower than the width of the contact B4162a, 4162c, is formed. Accordingly, the liquid flows rapidly at the entrance and exit portions to prevent the adhesion of by-products, and flows slowly at the meandering portion 4162b so that the heating and reaction time can be increased.
- FIGS. 89 (a) and 89 (b) show another configuration example of the reaction section having the portion 416 3a where the width of the reaction channel gradually decreases and the portion 4163b where the width of the reaction channel gradually increases.
- a reaction channel 4163 is formed between the base materials 4144d and 4144e, the width dimension of which increases or decreases in the range of maximum a to minimum b. You can increase or decrease the depth as the width dimension increases or decreases. Les.
- the depth changes from the maximum c to the minimum d so that the cross-sectional area of the reaction channel 4163 is constant.
- FIG. 89 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the reaction channel.
- the reaction flow path 4163c has a flat shape with a large width e and a large heat transfer surface intersecting the direction of heat transfer from the thermal catalyst (indicated by an arrow). Therefore, heat is effectively transferred to the liquid in the reaction channel 41 63c.
- it is effective to dispose an appropriate catalyst in the merge space 4158 and the reaction channels 4162 and 4163.
- Such a catalyst is selected according to the type of reaction. For example, it can be applied to the inner surface of the flow path, or can be disposed as an obstacle to the flow path as described later.
- the material forming at least the flow path of the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 includes, for example, SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass or other hard gauze, PEEK, polyetheretherketone 8 PE ( polyethylene, PVC (polyvinylchlonae) ⁇ PDM3 ⁇ 4 (polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (Poly chlorotrifluoroethylene), and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane) A preferable one is selected in consideration.
- the material of the wetted part of the mixing part 4140 and the reaction part 4142 has little elution from the surface, can be modified with a surface catalyst, has a certain degree of chemical resistance, and can withstand a wide temperature range of 40 to 150 ° C Is desirable.
- FIG. 90 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a temperature adjustment case for adjusting the temperatures of the mixing section and the reaction section. Note that, in the following description, only the temperature adjustment case 4146 for adjusting the temperature of the reaction unit 4142 is described.
- the temperature adjustment case 4146 for the mixing unit 4140 has the same configuration, and redundant description thereof is omitted. To do.
- the temperature adjustment case 4146 includes a case main body 4172 in which a space 4170 for accommodating the reaction portion 4142 is formed, and a lid portion 4174 that covers the space 4170. Grooves 4176 constituting the medium flow path are formed. A liquid supply path 4178 and a drainage path 4180 (see FIG. 83) communicating with the groove 4176 are formed in the case body 4172.
- Supply line 4178 has a lid
- the drainage channel 4180 communicates with the groove 4176 of the portion 4174 through the opening 4179, and the drainage channel 4180 communicates with the groove 4176 of the lid portion 4174 through an opening (not shown).
- the heat medium flowing through the groove 4176 is in direct contact with the front and back surfaces of the reaction unit 4142, and the reaction unit 4142 is heated (or cooled) while being completely accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 4146.
- the heat medium controller 4107 includes a control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the heat medium and a pump for transferring the heat medium. As shown in FIG. 83, the heat medium passes through the heat exchanger 4182 and is then supplied to the temperature adjustment case 4146 of the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142.
- the heat exchanger 4182 can change the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 independently, for example, by changing the amount of brine for cooling.
- FIGS. 91 (a) to 91 (d) show another example of the temperature adjustment case 4146.
- the heat medium flow path 4192 is provided for each of the case main body 4172 and the lid portion 4174. It is formed inside.
- the liquid supply path 4178 has a double pipe structure in which the tip of the liquid supply pipe 4001A4188 is inserted, and communicates with the heat medium flow path 4192 through a narrow communication path 4190. is doing.
- the drainage side has the same configuration.
- the temperature adjustment case 4146 that accommodates the mixing portion 4140 and the temperature adjustment case 4146 that accommodates the reaction portion 4142 are laminated via bolts 4194, nuts 4195, and a spacer 4196.
- FIG. 91 (b) shows a path for supplying and discharging the liquid to and from the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 4146. That is, each liquid flows into and out of the mixing unit 4140 through the flow passage 4198 formed through the temperature adjustment case 4146. In addition, the liquid is circulated between the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 through a communication passage 4200 that communicates with the flow passage 4198 of the temperature adjustment case 4146.
- FIG. 91 (d) illustrates the structure of the liquid inflow and outflow of the reaction unit 4142. In order to direct the liquid flow downward, the liquid inlet of the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 is usually formed on the upper surface and the outlet is formed on the lower surface.
- the outlet 4202 of the reaction unit 4142 is connected to the product storage unit 4104 via the recovery self-tube 4001A4204.
- the product reservoir 4104 has a heat exchanger for cooling.
- a recovery container 4208 is provided on the downstream side of the exchanger 4206 and the flow path switching valve 4132.
- the product reservoir 4104 where the recycle container 4208 is placed is isolated so as not to be affected by temperature, etc. from other areas, and to prevent toxic gases that may be generated from the product from leaking outside. ing.
- FIG. 92 shows another configuration example of the product storage unit 4104, and a plurality of recovery containers 4208 are installed on the turntable 4212.
- an actuator 4214 for moving the rotary table 4212 is a 4180-degree rotary rotary actuator.
- the operation control unit 4106 shown in FIG. 83 determines the replacement timing of the recovery container 4208 based on a signal from the liquid level detection sensor 421 lb for detecting the liquid level of the recovery container 4208, and the flow path switching valve 4132 (see FIG. 83).
- the liquid flow is stopped by the optical fluid detection sensor 421 la installed downstream of the recovery port 4210, and the stop of the liquid flow is confirmed, and the actuator 42 14 is operated to move the other recovery container 4208 below the recovery port 4210. Move.
- the operation of the fluid reaction apparatus is basically automatically controlled by the operation control unit 4106.
- the storage containers 4110 A and 4110 B storing the raw material liquid are prepared.
- the temperature of the heat medium is set by the heat medium controller 4107, and the temperature of each heat medium is adjusted by adjusting the amount of brine passing through the heat exchanger 4182, and the temperature of the mixing unit 4140 and reaction unit 4142 is adjusted.
- Heat medium is passed through case 4146 to maintain them at a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature of the heat medium is measured by temperature sensors 4216 and 4218 provided at the inlet of the temperature adjustment case 4146.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is supplied to the flow paths in the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 to perform pre-cleaning. While cleaning the flow path, the temperature of the cleaning solution is measured by the temperature sensor 4220 at the outlet of the mixing unit 4140 and the temperature sensor 4222 at the outlet of the reaction unit 4142, and the temperature of the cleaning solution is fed back to the heat medium controller 4107. To do. In this way, the mixing unit 4140 and the reaction unit 4142 are adjusted to a predetermined temperature.
- the flow path switching valve 4132 is switched and the pumps 4116A, 4116B are driven to store the storage containers 4110A, The raw material liquid in 4110B is transferred.
- the raw material liquid is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate by the flow rate adjusting devices 4300A and 4300B, and then reaches the recovery container 4208 via the mixing unit 4140, the reaction unit 4142, the outlet 4202 and the recovery port 4210.
- the flow path switching valve 4132 is an automatic valve that is actuated by an actuator, and this operation can also be performed automatically.
- mixing unit 4140 the raw material liquids are heated to a predetermined temperature in preheating channels 4148A and 4148B (see FIG. 86), and then merged and mixed in merging unit 4152. At that time, as shown in FIG. 87, each liquid flows into the merge space 4158 via the liquid separation channels 4156 and 4157 from the header portions 4154 and 4155. Since the cross section of the confluence space 4158 gradually decreases as it goes downstream, the micro-sized flows are mixed regularly, and the shell IJ is quickly mixed according to Fick's law. In that state, when it flows into the reaction channel 4162 of the reaction unit 4142 maintained at a predetermined temperature, the reaction proceeds rapidly without being restricted by mass transfer or heat conduction.
- the width of the reaction channel 4162 is sufficiently wide compared to the width of the merge space 4158, so that even when the reaction rate is low, the reaction can be performed for a long time, resulting in a high level of yield. Rate can be obtained.
- the obtained product is sent to the heat exchanger 4206 via the recovery pipe 4001A4204 from the outlet 4202 of the reaction flow path 4162, where it is cooled and P is collected from the recovery port 4210. Inflow into 08.
- the operation control unit 4106 stops the operation of the pumps 4116A, 4116B and ends the processing.
- the operation can be continued without stopping by switching the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B. Processing is possible.
- the pumps 4116A and 4116B may be temporarily stopped, or the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B may be switched to stop the inflow of liquid into the processing unit 4103. This makes it necessary to increase the length of the reaction channel 4162 even when the liquid reaction time is long. Disappears.
- a fullness detection means for detecting that the confluence space 4158 and / or the reaction flow path 4162 is full of liquid.
- an optical fluid detection sensor as shown in FIG. 92 is used.
- the pumps 4116A and 4116B are stopped or the first flow path switching valve is switched to terminate the liquid reaction. It stays in the confluence space 4158 and Z or the reaction flow path 4162 for a certain period of time.
- the operation control unit 4106 can adjust the production amount of the product based on the supply amount of the liquid, and can control the operation of the fluid reaction device.
- the operation control unit 4106 may stop the operation of the pumps 4116A and 4116B or switch the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B when the liquid supply amount reaches a predetermined value.
- the operation control unit 4106 can control the operation of each part of the fluid reaction device based on the supply amount of the liquid.
- FIG. 93 (a) and FIG. 93 (b) show another configuration example of the merging section in the mixing section 4140.
- the junction 4152a is configured by disposing an obstacle 4224 over a predetermined distance L at a constant interval a in a Y-shaped junction space 4158a.
- the obstacles 4224 are arranged in a staggered pattern so that adjacent ones are displaced by half the pitch in the flow direction.
- the interface 4125 between the liquid A and the liquid B meanders, so that the interface area (contact area) between the two liquids can be increased.
- a row of obstacles 4224 are arranged in a zigzag along the flow direction at the center of the junction space 4158b, and the interface area can be similarly increased. This is suitable for use in the narrow merge space 4158b.
- FIG. 95 shows another configuration example of the processing unit 4103 of the fluid reaction device.
- the processing unit 4103 in FIG. Each of the two systems Rl and R2 is provided, and two kinds of raw material liquids can be supplied to any system Rl and R2 using the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B of the liquid distribution unit 4102.
- the use of two systems has the ability to increase the amount of processing as needed, and various other methods of use.
- the reaction product precipitates solid particles or is easily clogged in the middle of pipe 4001A, one system is used as a spare.
- the above-described batch operation can be continuously performed by alternately switching the transfer lines by the flow path switching valves 4126A and 4126B.
- three or more transfer lines can be provided in parallel as appropriate.
- the channel switching valves 4126A and 4126B can be automatically operated.
- Fig. 96 shows an example in which a plurality of reaction units are arranged in series in the processing unit 4103.
- one mixing unit 4140 and three reaction units 4142a, 4142b, 4142c are connected in series, and temperature sensors 4220, 4222a, 4222b, 4222c are provided with forces S, respectively.
- This configuration is suitable for reactions that require bold and instantaneous changes in reaction time and reaction temperature, such as biochemical reactions.
- the reaction at 4 ° C in the reaction part 4142a and at -20 ° C in the reaction part 4142b is possible with this system.
- FIG. 97 shows an example in which a plurality of mixing units are provided in the processing unit 4103.
- a first mixing unit 4140 and a reaction unit 4142 for mixing and reacting liquid A and liquid B are provided, and a second mixing unit 4140a is provided downstream of the reaction unit 4142.
- the mixing unit 4140a the third raw material liquid or the C liquid which is the reactant transported from the pump 4116C is merged with the A liquid and the B liquid.
- the temperatures of these two mixing sections 4140, 4140a and one reaction section 4142 are individually controlled.
- Liquid C may be a reaction terminator.
- the inline yield evaluator 4226 is directly connected to the outlet 4202 of the second mixing unit 4140a.
- the in-line yield evaluator 4226 includes methods such as infrared spectroscopy, near infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet absorption as methods that can be measured without separating the object to be measured.
- a separation / extraction unit 4228 for separating an unnecessary substance and a necessary substance from reaction products is further provided on the downstream side of the second mixing unit 4140a. As shown in the figure, the separation / extraction section 4228 has a Y-shaped separation channel 4234.
- the liquid from the second mixing section 4140a is branched into two flows by the separation channel 4234, one in the channel formed by the hydrophobic wall 4230 that allows only the hydrophobic molecules in the substance to pass through, and the other in the channel It flows into the flow path formed from the hydrophilic wall 4232 that allows only the hydrophilic molecules in the substance to pass through.
- the separated substances are collected in collection containers 4208 and 4408a through collection pipes 4001A4204 and 4204a, respectively.
- the separation / extraction unit 4228 it is also possible to use a membrane or a porous frit that can adsorb only a hydrophobic substance.
- FIG. 98 shows a configuration example for continuous processing by repeating mixing and reaction and separation and extraction. That is, the mixing unit 4140a, the reaction unit 4142a, and the separation / extraction unit 4228a for processing the A liquid and the B liquid are arranged upstream, and the liquid extracted from the separation / extraction unit 4228a and the C liquid are processed. 4140b, reaction unit 4142b, and separation / extraction unit 4228b are arranged on the downstream side. Unnecessary substances after reaction of liquid A and liquid B are discharged from the outlet 4234a of the separation / extraction unit 4228a, and unnecessary substances in the second reaction with addition of liquid C are discharged from the outlet 4234b of the separation / extraction unit 4228b. Be taken out of the system.
- a mixing unit 4140c is provided for mixing the liquid extracted from the separation / extraction unit 4228b and the fourth liquid D.
- the D solution can be a reaction terminator or other raw material solution.
- An inline yield evaluator 4226 may be provided on the downstream side of the mixing unit 4140c.
- FIG. 99 (a) shows a configuration in which the respective parts in FIG. 98 are stacked.
- the liquid flows downward.
- the mixing unit 4140a, the reaction unit 4142a, the separation / extraction unit 4228a, the mixing unit 4140b, the reaction unit 41 42b, the separation / extraction unit 4228b, and the mixing unit 4140c are accommodated in a temperature adjustment case 4146, respectively, and a Bonoleto 4194 and a nut 4195.
- the spacers 4196 are stacked at predetermined intervals by the spacer 4196. The movement of the liquid between each part is performed through the communication passage 4200 (see Fig. 86 (b)).
- each temperature adjustment case 4146 it is preferable to cover each temperature adjustment case 4146 with a heat insulating material such as a clean silicon member 4236 containing bubbles.
- the fluid introduced into the fluid reaction apparatus is liquid or gas, and the substance to be recovered is liquid, gas, solid or a mixture thereof.
- the introduced substance is a solid such as a powder
- a powder dissolver can be installed in the raw material reservoir 4101.
- FIG. 100 shows a configuration example of the raw material reservoir 4101 when one of the two raw material liquids is a solution in which powder is dissolved and the other is originally liquid.
- the raw material powder and solvent are introduced from the raw material inlet 4242 of the powder dissolver 4240.
- the raw material powder is dissolved by heating by the heater 4244 and stirring by the stirrer 4246, and the generated raw material liquid is mixed by the pump 4116A from the pipe 4001A4249 by the pump 4116A and the mixing unit 4140 and It is sent to the reaction unit 4142.
- the flow rate adjusting device according to the present invention can be suitably used for a fluid reaction device (microreactor) that mixes and reacts fluids in a minute space.
- a fluid reaction device microwave reactor
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described so far and is not limited to the illustrated examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- Guess I can get it.
- the present invention further relates to a plunger pump device that can be used in the fluid reaction device and the fluid mixing device of the present invention.
- the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- Plunger pump device which is connected to a plunger pump device in which a pair of plunger pumps are connected in parallel, and interlocks so that the plungers of the plunger pumps move forward alternately.
- a fluid pressure device that presses each plunger toward the force mechanism when retracted, and a control unit that controls the operation of the fluid pressure device according to the operation cycle of the plunger.
- Plunger pump device characterized.
- the cam mechanism advances the plunger of each plunger pump alternately, while the fluid pressure device presses each plunger toward the cam mechanism. It moves forward and backward while being positioned in order to perform pump operation.
- the operation of the fluid pressure device is controlled by the control unit according to the operation cycle of the plunger. Unnecessary interference with the structure can be eliminated.
- control unit stops the pressing by the fluid pressure device when each plunger moves forward.
- the pair of plunger pumps respectively perform a speed increasing process and a speed reducing process at an initial stage and an end stage of the discharge operation, respectively, and one speed increasing process
- the plunger pump device is characterized in that the timing is set so that the other deceleration process and the other deceleration process overlap each other.
- each of the plunger pumps performs a fixed stopping process between forward movement and backward movement.
- FIG. 101 is a diagram showing a dual plunger pump apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, it is used for the purpose of continuously discharging a chemical solution at a constant flow rate into a microreactor.
- This plunger pump device is composed of a pair of plunger pumps 5010 having the same structure.
- Each plunger pump 5010 has a cylinder 5012, a plunger 5014 slidably provided in the cylinder 5012, and drive means for reciprocating these.
- Inside the cylinder 5012 there is a partition wall 5016 that divides this space into two parts.
- one (right side in this figure) is the pump space 5018 and the other (left side in this figure) is the actuator space. Called 5020.
- Each plunger 5014 is composed of a disk-like piston 5022 disposed in the pump space 5018 and a rod 5024 connected thereto, and the rod 5024 is an end wall of the partition wall 5016 and the actuator space 5020.
- 5050a is protruded outside the cylinder 5012
- the pump space 5018 is partitioned by a piston 5022 into a pump chamber 5026 on the end side and a buffer chamber 5028 on the partition wall 5016 side, and a single structural force S is provided between the piston 5022 and the inner wall of the cylinder 5012. .
- the end wall 5026a of the pump chamber 5026 is provided with a P discharge port 5030 and a suction port 5032, which are connected to a discharge line 5038 and a supply line 5042 connected to a fluid tank 5040 via check valves 5034 and 5036, respectively. It is connected. Thereby, fluid such as a chemical solution is sucked into the pump chamber 5026 from the suction port 5032 by the backward movement of the plunger 5014 (moving to the right in FIG. 101), and the forward movement of the plunger 5014 (moving to the left in FIG. 101). Is discharged from the discharge port 5030. It is preferable that the material of the wetted parts such as the plunger 5014 can handle corrosive or erosive chemicals. Titanium or the like is appropriately used.
- This plunger pump device is provided with two types of driving means.
- the first driving means is a cam mechanism 5050 provided on the outside of the cylinder 5012 and interlocks so that the plungers 5014 of the plunger pumps 5010 are alternately advanced.
- This cam mechanism 5050 is provided at the outer end of a rod 5024 of a drive motor 5054 that rotates the camshaft 5052 at a constant speed, a pair of plate cams 5056 that are integrally installed on the camshaft 5052, and each plunger 5014.
- Roller (cam follower) 5058 The plate cam 5056 has an outer shape of a predetermined shape, and the rod 5024 reciprocates in a predetermined displacement pattern by changing the contact position with the roller 5058 as it rotates.
- the second drive means is a fluid pressure device 5060 (air cylinder) formed in the actuator space 5020 of the cylinder 5012. That is, a pressure plate 5062 is provided at the center of each rod 5024, and a pressure air chamber 5064 is formed between the pressure plate 5062 and the partition wall 5016.
- the pressurized air chamber 5064 is provided with a port 5066 for introducing pressurized air, which is connected to a pressurized air source 5070 and a drain 5072 through an air control valve 5068 which is a solenoid valve.
- a space between the pressure plate 5062 and the end wall 5020a of the actuator space 5020 communicates with the external space through an opening 5074 near the end wall.
- the buffer chamber 5028 is connected to the drain 5072 via the port 5076 near the partition wall 5016 and the air control valve 5068, and should the fluid leak from the gap between the piston 5022 and the inner wall of the cylinder 5012. Even if it is, it will not leak out.
- the air control valve 5068 In the first switching position where the solenoid is de-energized, the air control valve 5068 has a drain 5072 for both the pressure air chamber 5064 and the buffer space, as shown for the upper plunger pump 5010 in FIG. And the plunger 5014 is in the neutral state.
- the pressure air chamber 5064 is connected to the pressure air source 5070, and the nother space is connected to the drain 5072. It will be in the state. Accordingly, the plunger 5014 is pushed in the direction of enlarging the pump chamber 5026 (leftward in FIG. 101).
- the air cylinder 5060 that operates only in one direction is constituted by the piston 5022, the pressure air chamber 5064, the solenoid valve, and the pressurized air source.
- the air pressure of the pressure air source 5070 is set to about 3 to 5 kgm2, for example.
- a control unit 5080 is provided to control these two drive units in conjunction with each other.
- the camshaft 5052 is provided with an encoder, and its output is input to the control unit 5080. Accordingly, the rotational position information of the camshaft 5052, that is, the reciprocating position information of each plunger 5014 is input to the control unit 5080.
- the control unit 5080 controls the operation of the air cylinder 5060 by switching on and off the solenoid of the air control valve 5068 based on the reciprocating position information of the plunger 5014 given by the encoder 5082.
- line A is a speed diagram of the plunger 5014 when the camshaft 5052 is rotated at a constant rotational speed. Forward direction,-indicates backward direction). Since the discharge amount is proportional to the speed of the plunger 5014, the vertical axis also represents the discharge amount. The horizontal axis is also the time axis.
- Line B represents the pressing state of the plunger 5014 by the cam mechanism 5050
- line C represents the on-off state of the air cylinder 5060
- line D represents the volume change of the pump chamber 5026.
- the plunger 5014 Since the pressure of the air cylinder 5060 is set to a value sufficient for the plunger 5014 to perform the fluid suction operation, the plunger 5014 performs the suction operation.
- the rigidity of the cam mechanism 5050 and the driving force of the motor 5054 are set to withstand the pressing force of the air cylinder 5060, and the positioning function of the cam mechanism 5050 when the plunger 5014 is retracted is not impaired.
- the plunger 5014 moves backward at the steady suction speed to perform the discharge operation within the rotation angle range of 225 to 330 degrees. Further, in the range of rotation angles 330 to 345 degrees, the plunger 5014 reduces the speed to 0 at a constant rate, and then the speed becomes 0 in the range of rotation angles 345 to 360 degrees, and the suction operation is stopped. As is clear from FIG. 101, since the suction time is shorter than the discharge time, the steady suction speed is larger than the steady discharge speed.
- the two plunger pumps 5010 are driven by two plate cams 5056 attached to a common cam shaft 5052 so as to be 180 degrees out of phase. In other words, these operations are 180 degrees out of phase.
- the discharge amount of the entire plunger pump device is the sum of the plunger pumps 5010 connected in parallel, and is represented by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
- the speed increasing process rotation angle 0 to 15 degrees
- the deceleration process rotating angle 180 to 195 degrees
- the sum of the discharge amounts of these plunger pumps 5010 is constant, and pulsation does not occur when the operation is switched.
- the plunger 5014 since the plunger 5014 is always in contact with the cam mechanism 5050, the plunger 5014 is reliably positioned by the contact surface of the plate cam 5056. Therefore, the discharge amount is controlled with high accuracy, and pulsation can be suppressed in this respect as well.
- the cam mechanism 5050 Since the second drive means that can be turned on / off is used to press the plunger 5014 against the cam mechanism 5050, the cam mechanism 5050 must be turned off during forward movement. Thus, the load on the cam mechanism 5050 can be reduced. Therefore, the cost of the actuator such as the motor 5054 which is the driving device of the cam mechanism 5050 is reduced, and the friction at the contact portion of these members is reduced, thereby enabling a long life.
- FIG. 104 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the cam mechanism 5050A uses an end face cam 5056A instead of the plate cam 5056A. Since this operation is basically the same as that of the above-described embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the operating source of the fluid pressure device may be a pressure liquid rather than pressurized air.
- the present invention further relates to a plunger pump device that can be used in the fluid reaction device and the fluid mixing device of the present invention.
- the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- Plunger pump device each having a separate drive device, and a pair of plunger pumps connected in parallel between a liquid source and a microphone port reactor channel, and the microreactor channel And a control unit that alternately discharges the pair of plunger pumps at a constant predetermined feed rate, and the control unit is configured to discharge the flow rate when the plunger pump is discharging.
- a plunger pump device that adjusts the feed rate at a predetermined timing based on a measured value of the meter.
- a plunger pump device characterized by:
- the plunger pump device is characterized in that the feed speed is finely adjusted only for one plunger pump during the switching control.
- control unit performs control so that the plunger pump performs a fixed stop process between forward and backward movements.
- a plunger pump device A plunger pump device.
- each plunger pump performs a fixed stopping process between forward and backward movements, so that the next operation is performed after the flow and valve operation in each plunger pump stabilizes. You can start.
- a position sensor for detecting a position of the plunger pump plunger is provided, and the control unit is based on an output of the position sensor.
- a plunger pump device for controlling the feed rate is provided, and the control unit is based on an output of the position sensor.
- Fig. 106 is a diagram showing a dual plunger pump apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, it is used for the purpose of continuously discharging a chemical solution into a microreactor at a constant flow rate.
- This plunger pump device 6001 is configured by a pair of plunger pumps 6010 having the same structure.
- Each plunger pump 6010 has a cylinder 6012, a plunger 6014 provided so as to be operable in the cylinder 6012, a drive device 6019 for reciprocating them, and a control unit 6028 for controlling each part.
- Each plunger 6014 is constituted by a disk-shaped piston 6016 and a rod 6018 coupled thereto, and a pump chamber 6017 is formed between the end portions.
- the rod 6018 is connected to the driving device 6019 through the end wall.
- the driving device 6019 has a feed screw 6022 that is rotated by a motor 6020 and a nut 6024 that is screwed to the feed screw 6022.
- the nut 6024 is fixed to the end of the rod 7018.
- a ball (bearing) is interposed between the feed screw 6022 and the nut 6024, and a smooth and highly accurate linear motion mechanism called a ball screw is configured.
- a linear screw that detects the position of nut 6024 A scale (position sensor) 6026 is provided, and its output is sent to the controller 6028. Based on this output, the control unit 6028 can feedback control the rotation of the motor 6020 and accurately control the position and feed rate of the plunger 6014.
- a seal structure is provided between the piston 6016 and the inner wall of the cylinder 6012.
- the end wall of the pump chamber 6017 is provided with a discharge port 6030 and a suction port 6032, which are connected to a discharge line 6036 or a fluid tank 6038 via a check valve 6034, respectively. It is connected to the.
- fluid such as a chemical solution is sucked into the pump chamber from the suction port 6032 by the backward movement of the plunger 6014 (moving to the left in FIG. 106) and discharged by the forward movement of the plunger 6014 (moving to the right in FIG. 106). It is discharged from the outlet port 6030.
- the material of the wetted parts including the plunger 6014 should be able to cope with corrosive or erosive chemicals.
- corrosive or erosive chemicals For example, Safaya, Ruby, Anolemina, Ceramic, SUS, Use Hastelloy, titanium, etc. as appropriate.
- the discharge ports 6030 of the two plunger pumps 6010 merge and are connected to the raw material receiving port 6042 of the mic port reactor 6002.
- This microreactor 6002 is provided with two raw material receiving ports 6042, which are joined at the mixing / reaction section 50 via the introduction flow path 6044.
- the introduction channel 6044 is provided with a flow meter 6046 and a pressure sensor 6048, respectively, and these outputs are input to the control unit 6028 and used for control as described later.
- the control unit 6028 is a force provided for each plunger pump device 6001.
- one control unit 6028 may be shared.
- these control units 6028 may be integrated with the control device of the microreactor 6002, for example.
- FIG. 108 shows the operation of each plunger pump 6010
- line A is a velocity diagram when the plunger 6014 reciprocates once.
- the horizontal axis represents time as 360 degrees per cycle, and the vertical axis represents the speed of the plunger 6 014 (+ is the forward direction,-is the reverse direction). Since the discharge amount is proportional to the speed of the plunger 6014, the vertical axis also represents the discharge amount.
- Line B represents the volume change of the pump chamber 6017.
- FIG. 109 shows a state where the two plunger pumps 6010 are operating with the phase shifted by 180 degrees.
- the two plunger pumps 6010 overlap each other in the initial stage and the final stage of the discharge process so that one performs the speed increasing process and the other performs the speed reducing process.
- the plunger pump 6010 that performs the discharge operation is switched while the total flow rate is controlled to be constant.
- a short stop process is provided after each plunger pump 6010 discharge operation and suction operation. Therefore, after the check valve 6034, 6036 of the discharge port 6030 or the suction port 6032 is securely closed, or after the flow has settled in this portion, the next suction or discharge operation starts. Pulsation due to backflow from stop valves 6034 and 6036 is prevented.
- the steady feed speed Vc during discharge is determined based on the required discharge amount and the following formula.
- FIG. 111 shows an example of the change in the measured value of the flow meter 6046 installed in the microreactor 6002 flow path, (b) shows an example of the change in the output value of the pressure sensor 6048, and (c) shows Examples of changes in the feed rate of the plunger 6014 are shown.
- the control unit 6028 determines whether it is the timing of the adjustment work (step 1). This is performed, for example, by detecting the presence or absence of the command signal at the time of starting, or by detecting the presence or absence of a signal notifying that the timer has been operated for a predetermined time. At that time,
- step 2 measure the flow rate when only the first plunger pump 6010 is discharging (step 2).
- the average flow rate for a given time is calculated rather than the instantaneous flow rate at a certain point in time. Use the average value of the flow rate of one pump in several cycles in one cycle.
- step 3 the difference between the measured flow rate and the specified flow rate is calculated, and it is determined whether or not this is larger than the preset allowable upper limit value (step 3). As shown in Fig. 111 (a), if the set upper limit value is exceeded, the feed rate adjustment amount is calculated (step 4), and the calculated value is calculated.
- step 5 Make adjustments based on this (step 5).
- the following formula based on Equation 2 is used to calculate the adjustment amount ⁇ .
- Feed rate adjustment amount ⁇ Flow rate difference A LZ Plunger cross section S (Formula 3)
- step 3 ⁇ L is smaller than the allowable upper limit value.
- the second pump performs the same measurement and adjustment operation (Step 6 to Step 9), and the adjustment operation is completed.
- a new steady feed speed Vc is determined, and along with this, a new pattern function P (t) is determined by adjusting the gradient of the switching process.
- accurate flow rate output in the actual machine can be achieved with a simple control method.
- step 6 to step 9 are omitted.
- step 2 it is preferable to measure the flow rate of the discharge operation of the two pumps and average this to obtain the measured value.
- F (p) The actual form of F (p) can be obtained, for example, by finding the PID control coefficient using a combination of experiments and theoretical analysis.
- the pressure varies depending on the length and shape of the flow path, but the pressure is constant if a constant flow rate is maintained. For this reason, the change in pressure represents the flow rate fluctuation in the flow path, and if this is feedback controlled, the flow rate fluctuation can be suppressed.
- the response of the pressure sensor 6048 is faster and more accurate than the general flow meter 6046, so it is suitable for suppressing fluctuations in the flow rate. In the switching process in which two pumps operate, the total flow rate is maintained by increasing one part of P (t) and decreasing the other in the control function of each pump. The meaning of feedback control is the same.
- the feed force of the plunger 6014 is shifted due to a double error, gas is mixed into the fluid, or the check valve operation becomes unstable.
- the discharge rate can be controlled so as to cancel out the generated pulsation.
- Case 1 shows the pressure fluctuation during steady feeding
- Case 6 002 shows the pressure fluctuation during steady feeding.
- FIG. 113 to FIG. 115 (b) are diagrams showing an overall configuration of a fluid reaction apparatus incorporating a flow rate adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fluid reaction apparatus described below is an apparatus used for mixing and reacting two or more liquids.
- the fluid reaction apparatus is entirely installed in one installation space and packaged.
- this installation space is rectangular and is divided into four areas along the longitudinal direction.
- the first region on one end side is a raw material storage section 6101 in which a plurality of storage containers 6110 for storing the raw material liquid (only two storage containers 6110A and 6110B are shown in FIG. 113) are installed.
- the adjacent second region is a liquid distribution section 6102 in which double plunger pumps 6001A and 6001B for transferring the raw material liquid in the storage container 6110 are installed.
- the third region adjacent to the second region is a processing unit 6103 having a mixing unit (mixing chip) 6140 for mixing the raw material liquid and a reaction unit (reaction chip) 6142 for reacting the mixed raw material liquid.
- the fourth region on the other end side is a product storage section (collection container installation space) 6104 for deriving and storing the product obtained as a result of the treatment.
- the fluid reaction device further includes an operation control unit 6106, which is a computer that controls the operation of each unit, and a heat medium controller 6107 that adjusts the temperature of the processing unit 6103 by flowing a heat medium through the temperature adjustment case 6146.
- the operation control unit 6106 is equipped with a flow rate monitor 6270 and a temperature monitor 6272 that can monitor the flow rate and temperature of the liquid.
- the operation control unit 6106 and the heat medium controller 610 7 is separate from the fluid reaction device, but may of course be integrated.
- a piping chamber 6105 is formed in the lower floor portion of the second to fourth regions, and piping for sending a heating medium for heating or cooling to the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 is provided here. Is provided
- each part is linear, but for example, if the whole is close to a square, and if it is a space, each part may be configured so that the liquid flow forms a loop.
- the raw material reservoir 6101 may be provided with a cleaning liquid container 6112 containing an organic solvent such as acetone for line cleaning, hydrochloric acid, pure water, or a pressure source 6114 in which nitrogen gas for purging is sealed. Further, the waste liquid container 6136 may be placed in the raw material reservoir 6101.
- the backwash pump 6130 is used when the flow path of the mixing unit 6140 or the reaction unit 6142 is blocked by a product.
- the backwash pump 6130 is connected to a cleaning liquid container 6112 for storing the cleaning liquid, and is further connected to the outlet of the reaction unit 6142 via a flow path switching valve 6132.
- the cleaning liquid transferred by the backwash pump 6130 flows in the opposite direction to the normal flow. That is, the cleaning liquid also flows toward the inlet of the mixing unit 6140 as the outlet force of the reaction unit 6142, and enters the waste liquid storage container 6136 from the waste liquid port 6134 through the pipe not shown through the flow path switching valves 6126A and 6126B.
- the backwash pump 6130 is preferably a single-piston 16-type pump so that the washing liquid having a high discharge pressure can cause pulsation to remove the product.
- an organic solvent hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, pure water and the like are preferably used. Examples of organic solvents include acetone, ethanol, methanol and the like.
- An introduction port 6240 shown in FIG. 113 is provided when pure water or hydrogen water is introduced from the outside, and can be used for cleaning instead of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid container 6112.
- Fig. 116 shows a mixing unit 6140 for preheating (preliminary temperature adjustment) and mixing of the raw material liquid.
- the two inflow ports 6147A and 6147B formed through the upper plate 6144a communicate with the two preheating channels 6148A and 6148B formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 6144b, respectively. These preheating channels 6148A and 6148B each branch in the middle, expand, and merge again.
- the preliminary heating channels 6148A and 6148B communicate with the outlet channels 6150A and 6150B, respectively, and these outlet channels 6150A and 6150B communicate with the junction B6152.
- the outlet channel 6150A is formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 6144b, and the outlet channel 6150B is formed on the lower surface of the middle plate 6144b.
- FIG. 117 is an enlarged view of the junction shown in FIG.
- the merging portion 6152 has header portions 6154 and 6155 formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle plate 6144b as arc-shaped grooves communicating with the outlet flow paths 6150A and 6150B, respectively, and the header portion 6154.
- 6155 force and a plurality of minute night passages 6156, 6157 extending in the direction toward the arc, and a merge space 6158 where these minute passages 6156, 6157 merge.
- Separation channel 6156, 6157 and merge space 615 8 is formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 6144b, and the separation flow paths 6156 and 6157 are alternately arranged.
- the merge space 6158 is formed so that the width gradually decreases toward the downstream side, and communicates with an outflow port 6160 formed through the middle plate 6144b and the lower plate 6144c.
- the liquid separation channel 6156 and the four separation channels 6157 are alternately arranged on the opening 6159 on the inlet side of the merge space 6158.
- the two types of liquid flowing out from the separation flow paths 6156 and 6157 flow downstream while forming a striped flow in the merge space 6158, and the flow path width of the merge space 6158 gradually decreases. Both liquids are forcibly mixed.
- the flow path width of the merge space 6158 finally reaches 40 zm. If the processing technology accuracy is increased, the channel width can be reduced to 10 x m.
- FIG. 118 (a) is a plan view showing the reaction part shown in FIG. 113
- FIG. 118 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the reaction part shown in FIG. 118 (a).
- two base materials 6144d and 6144e are joined to form a reaction portion 6142 having a thickness of 5 mm.
- the reaction channel 6162 meanders, and a long channel is efficiently provided.
- the reaction channel 6162 has connecting rods 6162a and 6162c connected to the inlet port 6164 and the outlet port 6165, respectively, and a meander rod B 6162b communicating with the connecting rods 6162a and 6162c.
- the widths of B6162a and 6162c are narrow, and the width of the meandering portion 6162b is wide. Therefore, the liquid rapidly flows at the inlet / outlet portion to prevent adhesion of by-products, and flows slowly at the meandering portion 6162b, so that the heating and reaction time can be increased.
- FIG. 119 (a) and FIG. 119 (b) show another configuration example of the reaction section having the portion 6 163a in which the width of the reaction channel gradually decreases and the portion 6163b in which the width gradually increases.
- a reaction flow path 6163 is formed between the base materials 6144d and 6144e so that the width dimension increases and decreases in the range of maximum a to minimum b. You can increase or decrease the depth as the width dimension increases or decreases. In this example, the depth changes from the maximum c to the minimum d so that the cross-sectional area of the reaction channel 6163 is constant.
- FIG. 119 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the reaction channel.
- the reaction flow path 6163c has a flat shape with a large width e and a deep thermal catalyst. Because it has a wide heat transfer surface that intersects the direction of heat transfer of heat (indicated by arrows), the reaction channel
- Heat is effectively transferred to the liquid in 6163c.
- it is effective in order to accelerate
- Such a catalyst is selected according to the type of reaction. The arrangement can be performed, for example, by applying to the inner surface of the flow path or as an obstacle of the flow path as will be described later.
- a material for forming at least the flow path of the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 for example, SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass or the like, EEK (polyetheretherketone) ⁇ PE Considering chemical resistance, pressure resistance, thermal conductivity, heat resistance, etc. from (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchlonde), PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (Poly ChloroTriFluoroEthylene) choose the preferred one.
- the material of the wetted part of the mixing part 6140 and the reaction part 6142 has little elution from the surface, can be modified with a surface catalyst, has some chemical resistance, and can withstand a wide temperature range of 40 to 150 ° C. desirable.
- FIG. 120 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a temperature adjustment case for adjusting the temperatures of the mixing unit and the reaction unit. Note that, in the following description, only the temperature adjustment case 6146 for adjusting the temperature of the reaction unit 6142 will be described.
- the temperature adjustment case 6146 for the mixing unit 6140 has the same configuration, and its overlapping description. Is omitted.
- the temperature adjustment case 6146 includes a case main body 6172 in which a space 6170 for accommodating the reaction portion 6142 is formed, and a lid portion 6174 that covers the space 6170.
- a groove 6176 constituting the heat medium flow path is formed.
- a liquid supply path 6178 and a drainage path 6180 (see FIG. 113) communicating with the groove 6176 are formed in the case body 6172.
- liquid supply path 6178 and drainage path 6180 are connected to the heat medium controller 6107, respectively. Les.
- the liquid supply path 6178 communicates with the groove 6176 of the lid 6174 via the opening 6179, and the drainage path 6180 communicates with the groove 6176 of the lid 6174 via an opening (not shown).
- the heat medium flowing through the groove 6176 directly contacts the front and back surfaces of the reaction unit 6142, and the reaction unit 6142 is heated and cooled while completely accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 6146.
- the heat medium controller 6107 includes a control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the heat medium and a pump for transferring the heat medium.
- the heat medium is heat exchange After passing through the vessel 6182, it is supplied to the temperature adjustment case 6146 of the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142.
- the heat exchanger 6182 can change the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 independently by changing the amount of brine for cooling, for example.
- FIGS. 121 (a) to 121 (d) show another example of the temperature adjustment case 6146.
- the heat medium flow path 6192 is provided for each of the case body 6172 and the lid portion 6174. It is formed inside.
- the liquid supply path 6178 has a double pipe configuration in which the tip of the liquid supply pipe 6188 is inserted. It communicates with 6192.
- the drainage side has the same configuration.
- the temperature adjustment case 6146 that accommodates the mixing portion 6140 and the temperature adjustment case 6146 that accommodates the reaction portion 6142 are laminated via Bonoleto 6194, nut 6195, and spacer 6196. Are combined.
- FIG. 121 (b) shows the supply and discharge paths of the liquid to and from the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 6146. That is, each liquid flows into and out of the mixing unit 6140 through the flow passage 6198 formed through the temperature adjustment case 6146. In addition, the liquid is circulated between the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 through a communication passage 6200 that communicates with the flow passage 6198 of the temperature adjustment case 6146.
- FIG. 121 (d) illustrates the structure of the inflow portion and the outflow portion of the liquid in the reaction portion 6142. In order to direct the liquid flow downward, the liquid inlet of the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 is normally formed on the upper surface and the outlet is formed on the lower surface.
- the outlet 6202 of the reaction unit 6142 is connected to the product storage unit 6104 via a recovery pipe 6204.
- the product storage unit 6104 is provided with a recovery container 6208 on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 6206 for cooling and the flow path switching valve 6132.
- the product reservoir 6104 where the recovery container 6 208 is placed is isolated so that it is not affected by temperature, etc. from other areas, and toxic gases that may be generated from the product are not leaked to the outside. ing.
- FIG. 122 shows another configuration example of the product storage unit 6104, and a plurality of collection containers 6208 are installed on the rotary table 6212.
- an actuator 6214 for moving the rotary table 6212 is a 180-degree rotary rotary. It is a feature user.
- the operation control unit 6106 shown in FIG. 113 determines the replacement timing of the recovery container 6208 based on a signal from the liquid level detection sensor 621 lb that detects the liquid level of the recovery container 6208, and the flow path switching valve 6132 (see FIG. 113). Stop the liquid flow with the optical fluid detection sensor 621 la provided downstream of the recovery port 6210, confirm the stop of the liquid flow, operate the actuator 6 214 to move the other recovery container 6208 below the recovery port 6210. Move.
- the operation of the fluid reaction apparatus is basically automatically controlled by the operation control unit 6106.
- the storage containers 6110 A and 6110 B storing the raw material liquid are prepared.
- the temperature of the heat medium is set by the heat medium controller 6107, and the temperature of each heat medium is adjusted by adjusting the amount of brine passing through the heat exchanger 6182, and the temperature of the mixing unit 6140 and reaction unit 6142 is adjusted.
- Heat medium is passed through case 6146 to maintain them at a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature of the heat medium is measured by temperature sensors 6216 and 6218 provided at the inlet of the temperature adjustment case 6146.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is supplied to the flow paths in the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 to perform pre-cleaning. While cleaning the flow path, the temperature of the cleaning solution is measured by the temperature sensor 6220 at the outlet of the mixing unit 6140 and the temperature sensor 6222 at the outlet of the reaction unit 6142, and the temperature of the cleaning solution is fed back to the heat medium controller 6107. To do. In this way, the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142 are adjusted to a predetermined temperature.
- the flow path switching valve 6132 is switched, and the plunger pumps 6001A and 6001B are driven, and the storage containers 6110A and 6110B Each raw material liquid is transferred.
- the raw material liquid is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate by the flow rate adjusting devices 6300 A and 6300B, and then passes through the mixing unit 6140, the reaction unit 6142, the outlet port 6202, and the recovery port 6210 (this is the flow path switching).
- the valve 6132 ⁇ is an automatic valve that is actuated by an actuator, and this operation can also be operated automatically.
- mixing unit 6140 the raw material liquids are heated to a predetermined temperature in preheating channels 6148A and 6148B (see FIG. 116), and then merged and mixed in merging unit 6152.
- each f night f as shown in Fig. 117, header ⁇ 6155 force, etc. f night flow path 6156, 61 It flows into the merge space 6158 via 57. Since the cross section of the merge space 6158 gradually decreases as it goes downstream, micro-sized flows are mixed regularly and mixed rapidly according to Fick's law. In that state, when it flows into the reaction flow path 6162 of the reaction section 6142 maintained at a predetermined temperature, the reaction proceeds rapidly without being restricted by mass transfer or heat conduction.
- the width of the reaction channel 6162 is sufficiently wide compared to the width of the merge space 6158, so that even when the reaction rate is low, the reaction can be performed over a sufficient amount of time. Yields can be obtained.
- the obtained product is sent from the outlet 202 of the reaction flow path 6162 to the heat exchanger 6206 via the recovery pipe 6204, where it is cooled and P is discharged to the recovery container 6208 from the recovery port 6210. Inflow.
- the operation control unit 6106 stops the operation of the plunger pumps 6001A and 6001B and ends the processing.
- the flow switching valves 6126A and 6126B can be switched continuously without stopping the operation. Processing is possible.
- the plunger pumps 6001A and 6001B may be temporarily stopped, or the flow switching valves 6126A and 6126B may be switched to stop the flow of liquid into the processing unit 6103. ,.
- a fullness detection means for detecting that the confluence space 6158 and Z or the reaction flow path 6162 are filled with liquid.
- an optical fluid detection sensor as shown in FIG. 122 is used.
- FIGS. 123 (a) and 123 (b) show another configuration example of the merging section in the mixing section 6140.
- the junction 6152a is configured by disposing an obstacle 6224 over a predetermined distance L at a constant interval a in a Y-shaped junction space 6158a.
- the obstacles 6224 are arranged in a staggered manner so that adjacent ones are displaced by half the pitch in the flow direction.
- the interface 6125 between the liquid A and the liquid B meanders, so that the interface area (contact area) between the two liquids can be increased.
- a row of obstacles 6224 are arranged in a zigzag along the flow direction in the center of the junction space 6158b, and the interface area can be similarly increased. This is suitable for use in the narrow merge space 6158b.
- FIG. 125 shows another configuration example of the processing unit 6103 of the fluid reaction device.
- the processing unit 6103 in FIG. 113 has two systems Rl and R2 each having a combination of the mixing unit 6140 and the reaction unit 6142, and further, the flow path switching valves 6126A and 6126B of the liquid distribution unit 6102.
- This makes it possible to supply two types of raw material liquids to either system Rl or R2.
- the use of two systems has the ability to increase the amount of processing as needed, and various other methods of use. For example, if the reaction product precipitates solid particles or is easily clogged in the middle of piping, use one system as a backup.
- the batch operation described above can be continuously performed by alternately switching the transfer lines by the flow path switching valves 6126A and 6126B.
- three or more transfer lines can be provided in parallel as appropriate.
- the flow path switching valves 6126A and 6126B can be automatically operated.
- FIG. 126 shows an example in which a plurality of reaction units are arranged in series in the processing unit 6103.
- one mixing unit 6140 and three reaction units 6142a, 6142b, 6142c are connected in series, and temperature sensors 6220, 6222a, 6222b, 6222c are provided with a force S, respectively.
- the temperature of the reaction units 6142a, 6142b, 6142c can be controlled independently according to the stage of the reaction.
- This configuration is suitable for reactions that require bold and instantaneous changes in reaction time and reaction temperature, such as biochemical reactions.
- a reaction such as reacting at 100 ° C in the reaction unit 6142a and reacting at _20 ° C in the reaction unit 6142b is possible with this system.
- FIG. 127 shows an example in which a plurality of mixing units are provided in the processing unit 6103.
- a first mixing unit 6140 and a reaction unit 6142 for mixing and reacting liquid A and liquid B are provided, and a second mixing unit 6140a is provided on the downstream side of the reaction unit 6142.
- this mixing unit 614 Oa the third raw material liquid or the C liquid which is the reactant transported from the plunger pump 6116C is merged with the A liquid and the B liquid.
- the temperatures of these two mixing sections 6140 and 6140a and one reaction section 6142 are individually controlled.
- Liquid C may be a reaction terminator.
- the in-line yield evaluator 226 is directly connected to the outlet 6202 of the second mixing unit 6140a.
- the yield of the chemical reaction results can be confirmed in real time and can be immediately fed back to the process parameters.
- an in-line yield evaluator 6226 there are methods such as infrared spectroscopy, near infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet absorption as methods that can be measured without separating the object to be measured.
- a separation / extraction unit 6228 is further provided on the downstream side of the second mixing unit 6140a for separating unnecessary substances and necessary substances from the reaction product.
- the separation / extraction section 6228 has a Y-shaped separation channel 6234.
- the liquid from the second mixing section 6140a is branched into two flows by the separation channel 6234, one in the channel formed by the hydrophobic wall 6230 that allows only the hydrophobic molecules in the substance to pass through, and the other in the channel It flows into the flow path formed from the hydrophilic wall 6232 that allows only hydrophilic molecules in the substance to pass through.
- the separated substances are collected in collection containers 6208 and 6208a through collection pipes 6204 and 6204a, respectively.
- the separation / extraction unit 6228 it is possible to use a membrane or a porous frit that can adsorb only a hydrophobic substance.
- Fig. 128 shows a configuration example for continuous processing by repeating mixing and reaction and separation and extraction.
- the mixing unit 6140a for treating the liquid A and the liquid B, the reaction unit 6142a, and the separation / extraction unit 6228a are arranged on the upstream side
- the part 6142b and the separation / extraction part 6228b are arranged on the downstream side. Unnecessary substances after the reaction of liquid A and liquid B are discharged from the outlet 6234a of the separation / extraction section 6228a, and unnecessary substances in the second reaction containing liquid C are discharged from the outlet 6234b of the separation / extraction section 6228b. Is taken out of the system.
- a mixing unit 6140c is provided for mixing the liquid extracted from the separation / extraction unit 6228b and the fourth liquid D.
- D liquid is Other raw material solutions may be used instead of reaction terminators.
- An inline yield evaluator 6226 may be provided downstream of the mixing unit 6140c.
- FIG. 129 (a) shows a configuration in which the respective parts in FIG. 23 are laminated.
- the liquid flows downward.
- the mixing unit 6140a, the reaction unit 6142a, the separation / extraction unit 6228a, the mixing unit 6140b, the reaction unit 6 142b, the separation / extraction unit 6228b, and the mixing unit 6140c are accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 6146, respectively, and the Bonoleto 6194 and the nut 6195
- the spacers 6196 are stacked at a predetermined interval. The movement of the liquid between each part is performed through the communication passage 6200 (see Fig. 116 (b)).
- each temperature adjustment case 6146 it is preferable to cover each temperature adjustment case 6146 with a heat insulating material such as a clean silicon member 623 6 containing bubbles.
- the fluid introduced into the fluid reaction apparatus is liquid or gas
- the substance to be recovered is liquid, gas, solid or a mixture thereof.
- a powder dissolver can be installed in the raw material reservoir 6101.
- FIG. 130 shows a configuration example of the raw material reservoir 6101 when one of the two raw material liquids is a solution in which powder is dissolved and the other is originally liquid.
- the raw material powder and solvent are introduced from the raw material inlet 6242 of the powder dissolver 6240.
- the raw material powder is dissolved by heating by the heater 6244 and stirring by the stirrer 246, and the generated raw material liquid is mixed by the plunger 6116A from the pipe 6249 drawn into the outlet 6148 by the mixing unit 6140. And is sent to the reaction unit 6142.
- the present invention further relates to a multispectral analysis apparatus that can be used in the fluid reaction apparatus and the fluid mixing apparatus of the present invention.
- the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is not limited to this, but includes the following inventions.
- a multispectral analyzer for evaluating organic synthesis reaction results in a pharmaceutical / pharmaceutical production line and a pharmaceutical development stage, and having a plurality of light sources having different wavelengths.
- a light source unit and a cell constituting a flow cell for circulating the liquid to be measured A plurality of light-emitting units and light-receiving units that are close to the liquid to be measured in the flow cell, a spectroscopic unit that individually performs spectroscopy of each wavelength obtained from the light-receiving unit, and a spectroscope
- a multispectral analysis apparatus comprising: a control unit that arithmetically controls and outputs spectral information of a liquid to be measured.
- a plurality of light beams having different wavelength regions are emitted from the light source unit, received by different spectrometers, and each wavelength spectrum that has passed through the liquid to be measured is individually measured. Done. Combining such multiple pieces of analysis information enables highly accurate and leak-free analysis.
- the light source unit has at least two wavelength regions of ultraviolet light, visible light, near infrared light, infrared light, and far infrared light.
- a multispectral analysis apparatus characterized by having a light source for covering.
- the casing is configured to form a plurality of flow cells therein by a partition.
- HI spectroscopic analyzer In the invention according to any one of (1) to (3), the casing is configured to form a plurality of flow cells therein by a partition.
- the casing is configured to form one flow cell therein, and a plurality of the casings are detachably mounted on the substrate.
- a multispectral analyzer characterized in that it can be attached.
- FIG. 131 schematically shows a multispectral analysis apparatus 7001 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the multispectral analysis apparatus 7001 is configured in a casing 7010 constituted by a pair of substrates.
- the spectroscopic analyzer 7001 is used by being incorporated into a part of a member constituting the downstream portion of the microreactor.
- a plurality of flow cells 7014 connected to a flow path (flow path through which a reaction product flows) 7012 on the downstream side of the microreactor are formed.
- the flow cell 7014 is formed by partitioning an internal space 7016 having a rectangular flat plate shape as a whole by a plurality of partitions 7018, and a light emitting unit 7020 and a light receiving unit 7022 are arranged opposite to each other.
- the dimensions can be reduced by accommodating a plurality of flow cells 7014 in the internal space 7016 in one casing 7010, and the analysis accuracy can be improved by suppressing variations in flow rate. It becomes possible. It is preferable that the flow path in the flow cell 7014 be shaped so as not to cause stagnant flow or resistance to passage.
- the material constituting the casing 7010 is preferably one that has excellent thermal conductivity and can withstand a wide temperature range of 40 to 150 ° C. Further, the material constituting the flow path of the flow cell 7014 is preferably one that can withstand the high pressure of the liquid.
- the material constituting the flow path include hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), P VC (Poiyvmylchlonde), PDM3 ⁇ 4 (Polydimethylsiloxane), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene), and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane).
- hard glass such as SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PE (polyethylene), P VC (Poiyvmylchlonde), PDM3 ⁇ 4 (Polydimethylsiloxane), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene), and PFA (perfluoroalkoxylalkane).
- a light source unit 7024 having a plurality of light sources 7024a to 7024g that outputs light in different wavelength ranges is installed at a predetermined location in the vicinity of the flow cell 7014.
- the light source 7024a that outputs ultraviolet light is a deuterium lamp
- the light sources 7024b to 7024e that output near infrared light from visible light are neurogen lamps
- the infrared light is a nichrome infrared light source 7024f. is there.
- One halogen lamp may cover from visible light to near infrared light. By doing so, the size of the apparatus can be made more compact.
- the light receiving unit 7022 is coupled to the spectroscopic unit 7028 having the spectrometers 7028a to 7028g installed in the vicinity of the flow cell 7014 by the optical fiber 7026.
- the spectroscopes 7028a to 7028g are constituted by, for example, CCD elements, and can measure the intensity by dividing the light received by each of the wavelength bands.
- each spectrometer 7028a to 7028g is installed, and the wavelength range shared by each spectrometer 7028a to 7028g is 200 to 400 nm (ultraviolet spectrometer 7028a), 400 to 700 nm (visible light spectrometer) 7028b), 7 00-1000 nm (first near infrared spectrometer 7028c), 1000-1700 nm (second near infrared spectrometer 7028d), 1700-2200 nm (third near infrared spectrometer 7028e), 2200-25000 nm ( Infrared spectrometer 7028f) and wavelength region exceeding 25000nm (far infrared spectrometer 7028g). It is not necessary to cover all of these combinations depending on the substance to be measured.
- the optical path between the light emitting section 7020 and the light receiving section 7022 is formed in the fluid flow direction, and can be set according to a predetermined optical path length regardless of the flow path width.
- the adjustment of the optical path length for each section flow path can be performed by changing the protruding lengths of the light emitting unit 7020 and the light receiving unit 7022.
- the sample solution is usually diluted and analyzed offline, but in-line measurement is performed with the concentration remaining high, so the optical path length is shortened to avoid unnecessary reactions. Measure (eg 1 mm or less).
- the near-infrared spectrometers 7028c to 7028e have relatively low sensitivity, so the optical path length is long (5 to 10 mm). As will be described later, in order to instantaneously simultaneously measure multiple components with a wide absorption wavelength, it is necessary to set the shape and dimensions of the flow cell 7014 according to the pros and cons of each wavelength region.
- reaction products and reaction by-products are narrowed down in advance unless they are experimental, so light sources 7024a to 7024g and spectrometers 7028a to 7028g are prepared for wavelength absorption corresponding to the components to be generated. A combination of these may be used. In this case, even if there are multiple reaction by-products and they are unlikely to be produced, it is desirable to install them to satisfy, for example, FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) GMP (Applicable Manufacturing Standards). Les.
- FDA US Food and Drug Administration
- GMP Applicable Manufacturing Standards
- the control unit 7032 displays the data such as the production amount, yield and conversion rate of the reaction product and reaction by-product on the display 7034 and stores them in the storage device 7036. These data are set in advance. When the specified threshold value is exceeded, an alarm is issued by the alarm device 7038, and when the threshold value is exceeded, the processing is automatically stopped. Further, the correlation between the above data and reaction conditions may be obtained in advance, and the reaction conditions of the microreactor, for example, reaction temperature, flow rate, pressure, etc. may be controlled based on the detection data. .
- the ultraviolet spectrometer 7028a is suitable for reading the absorption spectrum trends of all components and detecting changes in yield and impurity amount.
- Infrared spectrometer 7028f can cope with many organic functional groups of individual substances, but the intensity is too strong and may cause interference substances.
- substitute near-infrared spectrometer 7028c 7028e when the solvent is water, water may be an interfering substance in the infrared spectrometer 7028f.
- the visible light spectrometer 7028b is suitable for detecting a colored substance such as chlorophyll carotene. In this embodiment, three near infrared components
- optical instruments 7028c 7028e The reason for using different types of optical instruments 7028c 7028e is that, in the near infrared region 700 2200 nm, the weak measurement capability is not created.For example, the conjugated system becomes longer due to the reaction or the peak due to subtle changes in the bond. This is to accurately read a small shift of.
- the reaction in Fig. 132 (a) is an o-reaction reaction carried out in the solvent pyridine. If a positive reaction is carried out based on the micro-channel effect, the force s , which produces monobenzoylrezonoresinol, If the concentration in the flow path becomes unbalanced, the reaction proceeds further and dibenzoylresorcinol, a side reaction, is generated.
- the formation of functional groups such as benzene rings and COOH can be determined by measuring the absorption region, and the ratio of mono- and di-forms can be detected.
- the benzene ring can be measured with an infrared spectrometer 7028f, but the solvent pyridine can be detected as a background. In some cases, there is performance, measurement is impossible, or peaks overlap and are difficult to distinguish. In that case, a near infrared spectrometer 7028c to 7028e may be used.
- a specific wavelength region force such that the difference in absorption intensity is sufficient when the number of benzoyl groups is 1 and 2, such as near-infrared spectrometers 7028c to 7028e or infrared If it exists in the region of the spectroscope 7028f, this may be selected. In this case as well, the absorption spectrum of the entire reaction system liquid is monitored with an ultraviolet spectrometer 7028a, and if there is a change in the reaction, an alarm is issued or the process is stopped.
- near-infrared spectrometers 7028c to 7028e and infrared spectroscopy It is possible to use 7028f properly. Of course, both components may be measured individually in their respective wavelength ranges. In this case as well, the absorption spectrum of the whole solution is monitored by the UV spectrometer 7028a. If there is a change in the reaction, an alarm is issued or the process is stopped.
- the reaction shown in Fig. 132 (c) is a hydrolysis reaction in which water is added to glycine anhydride and hydrochloric acid is used as a catalyst to turn into glycylglycine in one step of polypeptide synthesis. Since the reaction is the presence of water in the product, avoid the infrared spectrometer 7028f, which tends to interfere with absorption of water, and use the near-infrared spectrometer 7028c to 7028e area that is weakly sensitive and unaffected by water. And measure.
- FIG. 133 shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 131, in which the flow cell 7014 is individually formed in the casing 7010, and the fluid flow path is branched and guided to each flow cell 7014. It is. As a result, each flow cell 7014 is not affected by the other flow cells 7014 and the flow resistance is low, so that the fluid flow becomes more uniform.
- a flow rate adjusting valve 7042 is individually installed in the branch flow path 7040 to the flow cell 7014, so that it can be adjusted to an appropriate flow rate according to the characteristics of each spectrometer 7028a to 7028g. it can.
- FIG. 134 shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 131, and shows a flow cell 7014. Force formed individually in the casing 7010 Each branch flow path 7040 is provided with an on-off valve 7044. As a result, only the opening / closing valve 7044 of the flow cell 7014 of the required wavelength is opened, and the unnecessary opening / closing valve 7044 of the flow cell 7014 is closed, thereby preventing the occurrence of excessive flow path resistance.
- the flow cells 7014 are connected in series. In this embodiment, since there is no need for diversion, there is an advantage that it is easy to handle and easy to handle as long as the flow path resistance is taken into consideration.
- FIG. 136 shows the structure of a multispectral analysis apparatus 7001 according to another embodiment.
- a plurality of casings 7046 constituting one flow cell 7014 are arranged on a substrate 7047 inside.
- Each casing 7046 is formed of a transparent material such as quartz glass, for example, and has a flow path 7048 formed therein.
- the flow path 7048 opens on the side surface and forms a joint portion 7050.
- a light emitting unit 7020 and a light receiving unit B7022 are placed with a flow path 7048 interposed therebetween, and these are connected to an external light source and a spectroscope (not shown) by an optical fiber 7026.
- the width of the flow path 7048 is the optical path length that the light traverses.
- Joint 7050 is connected to a microreactor etc. by piping.
- the material of the casing 7046 may be PCTF E, PTFE, or PEEK with chemical resistance.
- the light emitting part 7020 and the light receiving part 7022 are protected by quartz so that they do not come into direct contact with liquid.
- the connection to the flow path 7048 is made via the joint portion 7050, the connection can be freely changed.
- the flow of fluid to each flow cell 7014 may be either a parallel shunt or series, and an on-off valve 7044 may be provided for each flow cell 7014 to selectively flow.
- FIG. 137 shows a modification of FIG. 136, in which the light emitting section 7020 and the light receiving section 7022 are projected into the flow path 7048 in order to set the optical path length short.
- a taper portion 7049a for gradually expanding the diameter of the flow path 7048 is formed.
- FIG. 138 shows a modification of FIG. 136, in which a plurality of cases 7046 arranged on the substrate 7047 can freely adjust the optical path length.
- the light emitting case 7052 and the light receiving case 7054 are arranged to face each other across the flow path 7048 in the flow cell 7014. Both the light emitting case 7052 and the light receiving case 7054 are made of quartz.
- a light emitting unit 7020 is installed in 7052.
- a light receiving unit 7022 is attached.
- At least one of the outer shapes of the light emitting case 7052 and the light receiving case 7054 is a screw, and is screwed into a fixing nut 7056 attached to the outer surface of the case 7046.
- the optical path length is set to be shorter than that in the off-line and set to 10 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 5 mm to 0.1 mm.
- FIG. 139 (a) shows an embodiment of how to use the multispectral analyzer 7001 of the present invention, and the continuation of the reaction is stopped downstream of the mixing / reaction unit 7058 of the microreactor.
- a micro Taenti part 7060 is installed for rapid cooling.
- the micro Taenti part 7060 can have, for example, a water cooling jacket structure.
- FIG. 139 (b) shows another embodiment of how to use the multispectral analysis apparatus 7001 of the present invention.
- the multispectral analysis apparatus 7001 In the mixing of the microreactor, downstream of the reaction section 7058, the multispectral analysis apparatus 7001 And a three-way selector valve 7062 on the downstream side.
- the three-way selector valve 7062 switches the line from the multispectral analyzer 7001 selectively to the normal product storage line 7064 and the spare line 7068 connected to the spare tank 7066.
- the output signal of the multispectral analyzer 7001 is sent to the control unit 7032, and when the control unit 7032 determines that the component is abnormal, the three-way selector valve 7062 is switched to the spare tank 7066 side.
- the control unit 7032 determines that the component is abnormal
- FIG. 140 to FIG. 142 (b) are views showing the entire configuration of a fluid reaction apparatus incorporating a flow rate adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fluid reaction device described below mixes two or more types of liquids. It is an apparatus used for combining and reacting.
- the fluid reaction apparatus is entirely installed in one installation space and packaged.
- this installation space is rectangular and is divided into four areas along the longitudinal direction.
- the first region on one end side is a raw material storage section 710 1 in which a plurality of storage containers 7110 for storing the raw material liquid (only two storage containers 7110A and 7110B are shown in FIG. 140) are installed.
- the third region adjacent to the second region is a processing unit 7103 having a mixing unit (mixing chip) 7140 for mixing the raw material liquid and a reaction unit (reaction chip) 7142 for reacting the mixed raw material liquid.
- a fourth region on the other end side is a product storage section (collection container installation space) 7104 for deriving and storing the product obtained as a result of the processing.
- this fluid reaction device includes an operation control unit 7106, which is a computer that controls the operation of each unit, and a heat medium controller 7107 that adjusts the temperature of the processing unit 7103 by flowing a heat medium through the temperature adjustment case 7146.
- the operation control unit 7106 is equipped with a flow rate monitor 7270 and a temperature monitor 7272 that can monitor the flow rate and temperature of the liquid.
- the operation control unit 7106 and the heat medium controller 710 7 are provided separately from the fluid reaction device, but may of course be integrated. As shown in FIG.
- a piping chamber 7105 is formed in the lower floor portion of the second to fourth regions, where piping for sending a heating medium for heating or cooling to the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 is formed. Is provided.
- the operation control unit 7106 and the control unit 7032 of the multi-spectral analyzer 7001 are separate, but may be integrated as a matter of course.
- each part is linear, but for example, if the whole is close to a square, and if it is a space, each part may be configured so that the liquid flow forms a loop.
- reference numeral 7250 denotes a liquid reservoir pan provided at the lower part of the apparatus
- reference numeral 7252 denotes a liquid leakage sensor installed on the liquid reservoir pan 7250.
- liquid distribution ⁇ 7102, treatment ⁇ B7103, and product shellfish retainer are partitioned by partition walls 7254, 7256, and covers 7258, 7260, 7262 are attached to each part to separate them from the outside of the device.
- Reference numeral 7264 denotes an exhaust port, which is connected to an exhaust fan (not shown). And by making the pressure inside the device negative from outside the device, toxic gas inside the device is prevented from leaking outside.
- the raw material storage unit 7101 shown in Fig. 140 two storage containers 7110A and 7110B are installed, but three or more storage containers may be used as necessary. For example, by storing the same liquid in two storage containers and using them alternately, the processing can be performed continuously.
- the raw material storage unit 7101 may be provided with a cleaning liquid container 7112 containing an organic solvent such as acetone for line cleaning, hydrochloric acid, pure water, or the like, or a pressure source 7114 filled with a purge nitrogen gas. Further, the waste liquid container 7136 may be placed in the raw material storage unit 7101.
- the night section (introduction section) 7102 pumps 7116A and 7116B connected to shellfish container 7110A and 7110B via transport pipes 7121A and 7121 are installed. Centrifugal pumps are used for pumps 7116A and 7116B in FIG.
- the liquid distribution unit 7102 includes flow control devices 7300 ⁇ and 7300 ⁇ disposed on the downstream side of the pumps 7116A and 7116B, relief valves 7122A and 7122B, pressure measurement sensors 7124A and 7124B, flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126 ⁇ , And a backwash pump 7130.
- the flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126B are connected to the cleaning liquid container 7112 and the pressure source 7114 in addition to the transport pipes 7121A and 7121B, respectively.
- the backwash pump 7130 is used when the flow path of the mixing unit 7140 or the reaction unit 7142 is blocked by a product.
- the backwash pump 7130 is connected to a cleaning liquid container 7112 for storing cleaning liquid, and is further connected to an outlet of the reaction unit 7142 via a flow path switching valve 7132.
- the cleaning liquid transferred by the backwash pump 7130 flows in the opposite direction to the normal flow.
- the cleaning liquid also flows toward the inlet of the mixing unit 7140 with the outlet force of the reaction unit 7142, and enters the waste liquid storage container 7136 through the flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126B from the waste liquid port 7134 through a pipe (not shown).
- the backwash pump 7130 is preferably a single-piston 16-type pump so that the washing liquid having a high discharge pressure can cause pulsation to remove the product.
- the cleaning solution is organic An agent, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, pure water and the like are preferably used. Examples of organic solvents include acetone, ethanol, methanol and the like.
- An introduction port 7240 shown in FIG. 140 is provided when pure water or hydrogen water is introduced from the outside, and can be used for cleaning instead of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid container 7112.
- Fig. 143 shows a mixing unit 7140 for preheating (preliminary temperature adjustment) and mixing of the raw material liquid.
- the flow paths described below are all grooves formed on the surface of the intermediate plate 7144b.
- the two inflow ports 7147A and 7147B formed through the upper plate 7144a communicate with the two preheating channels 7148A and 7148B formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 7144b, respectively.
- These preheating flow paths 7148A and 7148B each branch in the middle, expand, and merge again.
- the preliminary heating channels 7148A and 7148B communicate with the outlet channels 7150A and 7150B, respectively, and these outlet channels 7150A and 7150B lead to the junction.
- the outlet channel 7150A is formed on the upper surface of the middle plate 7144b, and the outlet channel 7150B is formed on the lower surface of the middle plate 7144b.
- FIG. 144 is an enlarged view of the merge portion shown in FIG.
- the joining portion 7152 includes a header rod 7155 formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle plate 7144b as arc-shaped grooves communicating with the outlet channels 7150A and 7150B, and the header rods 7154 and 7155.
- a plurality of branch night passages 7156, 7157 extending in the direction of the force and the arc, and a confluence space 7158 in which the separation night passages 7156, 7157 merge.
- the separation flow paths 7156 and 7157 and the merge space 715 8 are formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 7144b, and the separation flow paths 7156 and 7157 are alternately arranged.
- the merge space 7158 is formed so that the width gradually decreases toward the downstream side, and communicates with an outflow port 7160 formed through the middle plate 7144b and the lower plate 7144c.
- FIG. 145 (a) is a plan view showing the reaction section shown in FIG. 140
- FIG. 145 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the reaction section shown in FIG. 145 (a).
- two base materials 7144d and 7144e are joined to form a reaction portion 7142 having a thickness of 5 mm.
- the reaction flow path 7162 meanders, and provides a long flow path efficiently.
- the reaction channel 7162 has contacts 7162a and 7162c connected to the inlet port 7164 and the outlet port 7165, respectively, and a meander rod B portion 7162b communicating with the contacts 7162a and 7162c.
- B7162a and 7162c have a narrower meandering portion 7162b and a wider width. Therefore, the liquid rapidly flows at the inlet / outlet portion to prevent adhesion of by-products, and flows slowly at the meandering portion 7162b, so that the heating and reaction time can be increased.
- FIGS. 146 (a) and 146 (b) show other examples of the reaction section having a portion 7163a where the width of the reaction channel gradually decreases and a portion 7163b where the width of the reaction channel gradually increases.
- a reaction flow path 7163 is formed between the base materials 7144d and 7144e so that the width dimension increases and decreases in the range of maximum a to minimum b.
- FIG. 146 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the reaction channel.
- the reaction flow path 7163c has a flat shape with a large width e and a large heat transfer surface intersecting the heat transfer direction (indicated by an arrow) of the thermal catalytic force. Therefore, heat is effectively transferred to the liquid in the reaction channel 7163c.
- it is effective to dispose an appropriate catalyst in the merge space 7158 and the reaction flow channels 7 162 and 7163.
- Such a catalyst is selected according to the type of reaction. The arrangement can be performed, for example, by applying to the inner surface of the flow path or as an obstacle of the flow path as will be described later.
- the material forming at least the flow path of the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 is, for example, SUS316, SUS304, Ti, quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass or other hard gauze, EEK (polyetheretherketone) ⁇ PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchlonde), PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane), Si, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PCTFE (Poly ChloroTriFluoroEthylene) is preferably selected in consideration of chemical resistance, pressure resistance, thermal conductivity, heat resistance, and the like.
- the material of the wetted part of the mixing part 7140 and the reaction part 7142 should be able to be surface-catalyzed with little elution from the surface, have a certain degree of chemical resistance, and withstand a wide temperature range of _40 to 150 ° C .
- FIG. 147 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a temperature adjustment case for adjusting the temperatures of the mixing section and the reaction section. Note that, in the following description, only the temperature adjustment case 7146 for adjusting the temperature of the reaction unit 7142 is described.
- the temperature adjustment case 7146 for the mixing unit 7140 has the same configuration, and redundant description thereof. Is omitted.
- the temperature adjustment case 7146 includes a case main body 7172 in which a space 7170 for accommodating the reaction portion 7142 is formed, and a lid portion 7174 that covers the space 7170. Grooves 7176 constituting the heat medium flow path are formed. A liquid supply path 7178 and a drainage path 7180 (see FIG.
- the liquid supply passage 7178 communicates with the groove 7176 of the lid portion 7174 through the opening 7179
- the drainage passage 7180 communicates with the groove 7176 of the lid portion 7174 through an opening (not shown).
- the heat medium flowing through the groove 7176 directly contacts the front and back surfaces of the reaction unit 7142, and the reaction unit 7142 is heated and cooled while being completely accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 7146.
- the heat medium controller 7107 incorporates a control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the heat medium and a pump for transferring the heat medium. As shown in FIG. 140, the heat medium passes through the heat exchanger 7182 and is then supplied to the temperature adjustment case 7146 of the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142.
- the heat exchanger 7182 can change the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 independently, for example, by changing the amount of cooling water for cooling.
- FIGS. 148 (a) to 148 (d) show another example of the temperature adjustment case 7146.
- the heat medium flow path 7192 is provided for each of the case body 7172 and the lid portion 7174. It is formed inside.
- the liquid supply path 7178 has a double pipe structure in which the tip of the liquid supply pipe 7188 is inserted. It communicates with 7192.
- the drainage side has the same configuration.
- the mixing unit 7140 The temperature adjustment case 7146 to be accommodated and the temperature adjustment case 7146 to accommodate the reaction portion 7142 are laminated and connected via a Bonole 7194, a nut 7195 and a spacer 7196.
- FIG. 148 (b) shows a path for supplying and discharging the liquid to the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 accommodated in the temperature adjustment case 7146. That is, each liquid flows into and out of the mixing unit 7140 through the flow passage 7198 formed through the temperature adjustment case 7146. In addition, the liquid is circulated between the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 via a communication passage 200 that communicates with the flow passage 7198 of the temperature adjustment case 7146.
- FIG. 148 (d) illustrates the structure of the liquid inflow and outflow of the reaction section 7142. In order to direct the flow of the liquid downward, the liquid inlet of the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 is normally formed on the upper surface and the outlet is formed on the lower surface.
- the outlet 202 of the reaction unit 7142 is connected to the product storage unit 7104 via the recovery pipe 204.
- the product storage unit 7104 is provided with a recovery container 7208 on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 7206 for cooling and the flow path switching valve 7132.
- the product reservoir 7104 where the recovery container 7208 is placed is isolated so as not to be affected by temperature, etc. from other areas, and to prevent toxic gases that may be generated from the product from leaking outside. Yes.
- FIG. 149 shows another configuration example of the product storage unit 7104, and a plurality of recovery containers 7208 are installed on the turntable 7212.
- an actuator 7214 for moving the rotary table 7212 is a 180-degree rotary rotary actuator.
- the operation control unit 7106 shown in FIG. 140 determines the replacement timing of the recovery container 7208 based on the signal from the liquid level detection sensor 721 lb that detects the liquid level of the recovery container 7208, and the flow path switching valve 7132 (see FIG. 140).
- the liquid flow is stopped by the optical fluid detection sensor 721 la provided downstream of the recovery port 7210, and the stop of the liquid flow is confirmed, and the actuator 7 214 is operated to move the other recovery container 7208 below the recovery port 7210. Move.
- the operation of the fluid reaction apparatus is basically automatically controlled by the operation control unit 7106.
- the raw material storage unit 7101 the raw material liquid is stored.
- the temperature of the heat medium is set by the heat medium controller 7107, and the temperature of each heat medium is adjusted by adjusting the amount of brine passing through the heat exchanger 7182, and the temperature of the mixing unit 7140 and reaction unit 7142 is adjusted.
- Heat medium is passed through case 7146 to maintain them at a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature of the heat medium is measured by temperature sensors 7216 and 7218 provided at the inlet of the temperature adjustment case 7146.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is supplied to the flow paths in the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 to perform pre-cleaning. While cleaning the flow path, the temperature of the cleaning solution is measured by the temperature sensor 7220 at the outlet of the mixing unit 7140 and the temperature sensor 7222 at the outlet of the reaction unit 7142, and the temperature of the cleaning solution is fed back to the heat medium controller 7107. To do. In this way, the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 are adjusted to a predetermined temperature.
- the flow path switching valve 7132 is switched and the pumps 7116A and 7116B are driven to start the raw materials in the storage containers 7110A and 7110B. Each liquid is transferred.
- the raw material liquid is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate by the flow rate adjusting devices 7300A and 7300B, and then reaches the recovery container 7208 via the mixing unit 7140, the reaction unit 7142, the outlet 7202, and the recovery port 7210.
- the flow path switching valve 7132 is an automatic valve that is operated by an actuator, and this operation can also be performed automatically.
- the raw material liquids are heated to a predetermined temperature in the preheating channels 7148A and 7148B (see FIG. 143), and then merged and mixed in the merging unit 7152.
- each liquid flows into the merge space 7158 via the liquid separation flow paths 7156 and 7157 from the header portions 7154 and 7155. Since the cross section of the confluence space 7158 gradually decreases in the downstream direction, the micro-sized flows are mixed regularly and mixed rapidly according to Fick's law. In that state, when it flows into the reaction flow path 7162 of the reaction section 7142 maintained at a predetermined temperature, the reaction proceeds rapidly without being restricted by mass transfer or heat conduction.
- the reaction flow path 7162 is sufficiently wide compared to the width of the merge space 7158, even when the reaction rate is low, the reaction can be performed over a sufficient amount of time. Yields can be obtained.
- the obtained product passes from the outlet 7202 of the reaction channel 7162 via the recovery pipe 7204.
- the multispectral analyzer 7001 receives a plurality of light beams having different wavelength regions from the light source unit 7024 and receives the light at different spectral units 28, and the spectrum of each wavelength that has passed through the liquid to be measured is performed. The constituents are measured, and based on the results, various measures are taken as described.
- the processing liquid that has passed through the multi-spectral analyzer 7001 is sent to the heat exchanger 7206, where it is cooled and flows into the recovery container 7208 through the recovery port 7210.
- the operation control unit 7106 stops the operation of the pumps 7116A and 7116B and ends the process.
- the operation can be continuously performed without stopping the operation by switching the flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126B. Processing is possible.
- the liquid can be confined in the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142 for a certain period of time to perform batch operation. Since the flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126B are also automatic valves, these operations can be automatically operated.
- the pumps 7116A and 7116B may be temporarily stopped, or the flow switching valves 7126A and 7126B may be switched to stop the inflow of liquid into the processing unit 7103.
- a fullness detection means for detecting that the merge space 7158 and / or the reaction flow path 7162 is full of liquid.
- an optical fluid detection sensor as shown in FIG. 149 is used.
- the pumps 7116A and 7116B are stopped or the first flow path switching valve is switched to adapt the liquid to the reaction end time. It is made to stay in the merge space 7158 and / or the reaction flow path 716 2 for a certain time.
- FIGS. 150 (a) and 150 (b) show another configuration example of the merging section in the mixing section 7140.
- FIG. The junction 7152a is configured by disposing an obstacle 7224 in a Y-shaped junction space 7158a over a predetermined distance L at a constant interval a.
- each obstacle 7224 is displaced by half the pitch in the flow direction. It is arranged in a zigzag pattern.
- the interface 7125 between the liquid A and the liquid B meanders, so that the interface area (contact area) between the two liquids can be increased.
- a row of obstacles 7224 are arranged in a zigzag along the flow direction at the center of the junction space 7158b, and the interface area can be similarly increased. This is suitable for use in a narrow merge space 7158b.
- FIG. 152 shows another configuration example of the processing unit 7103 of the fluid reaction device.
- the processing unit 7103 in FIG. 10 is provided with two systems Rl and R2 each having a combination of the mixing unit 7140 and the reaction unit 7142, and further using the flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126B of the liquid distribution unit 7102.
- Various types of raw material liquids can be supplied to any of the systems Rl and R2. In this way, using two systems, there is a force S that can increase the amount of processing as needed, and there are various other usage methods. For example, if the reaction product precipitates solid particles or is easily clogged in the middle of piping, use one system as a backup.
- the batch operation described above can be continuously performed by alternately switching the transfer lines by the flow path switching valves 7126A and 7126B.
- three or more transfer lines can be provided in parallel as appropriate.
- the channel switching valves 7126A and 7126B can be automatically operated.
- FIG. 153 shows an example in which a plurality of reaction units are arranged in series in the processing unit 7103.
- one mixing unit 7140 and three reaction units 7142a, 7142b, and 7142c are connected in series, and temperature sensors 7220, 7222a, 7222b, and 7222c force S are provided to the respective units.
- the temperature of the reaction units 7142a, 7142b, 7142c can be controlled independently according to the stage of the reaction.
- This configuration is suitable for reactions that require bold and instantaneous changes in reaction time and reaction temperature, such as biochemical reactions.
- a reaction such as reacting at 100 ° C in the reaction unit 7142a and reacting at _20 ° C in the reaction unit 7142b is possible with this system.
- FIG. 154 shows an example in which a plurality of mixing units are provided in the processing unit 7103.
- a first mixing unit 7140 and a reaction unit 7142 for mixing and reacting liquid A and liquid B are provided, and a second mixing unit 7140a is provided on the downstream side of the reaction unit 7142.
- this mixing section 7120a the third raw material liquid or the C liquid which is the reactant transported from the pump 7116C is merged with the A liquid and the B liquid.
- These two mixing parts 7140, 7140a and one reaction part 7142 The temperature of each is controlled individually.
- Liquid C may be a reaction terminator.
- the in-line yield evaluator 7226 is directly connected to the outlet 720 2 of the second mixing unit 7140a. As a result, the yield of the chemical reaction results can be confirmed in real time and can be immediately fed back to the process parameters.
- the in-line yield evaluator 7226 includes methods such as infrared spectroscopy, near infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet absorption as methods that can be measured without separating the object to be measured.
- a separation / extraction unit 7228 for separating unnecessary substances and necessary substances from the reaction product is further provided on the downstream side of the second mixing unit 7140a.
- the separation / extraction section 7228 has a Y-shaped separation flow path 7234.
- the liquid from the second mixing part 7140a is branched into two flows by a separation channel 7234, one is a channel formed from a hydrophobic wall 7230 that allows only hydrophobic molecules in the substance to pass through, and the other is It flows into the flow path formed from the hydrophilic wall 7232 that allows only hydrophilic molecules in the substance to pass through.
- the separated substances are collected in collection containers 7208 and 7208a through collection pipes 7204 and 7204a, respectively.
- the separation and extraction unit 7228 it is also possible to use a membrane or a porous frit that can adsorb only a hydrophobic substance.
- FIG. 155 shows a configuration example for continuous processing by repeating mixing and reaction and separation and extraction.
- a mixing unit 7140a that processes liquid A and liquid B, a reaction unit 7142a, and a separation / extraction unit 7228a are arranged on the upstream side
- the part 7142b and the separation / extraction part 7228b are arranged on the downstream side.
- a mixing unit 7140c is provided for mixing the liquid extracted from the separation / extraction unit 7228b and the fourth liquid D.
- Liquid D may be a reaction stopper or other raw material solution.
- An inline yield evaluator 7226 may be provided on the downstream side of the mixing unit 7140c.
- FIG. 156 (a) shows a configuration in which the respective parts in FIG. 155 are stacked.
- the liquid flows downward.
- the mixing unit 7140a, the reaction unit 7142a, the separation / extraction unit 7228a, the mixing unit 7140b, the reaction unit 7 142b, the separation / extraction unit 7228b, and the mixing unit 7140c are connected to the temperature adjustment case 7146. Each of them is accommodated and further laminated by a Bonole 7194, a nut 7195, and a spacer 7196 at predetermined intervals. The movement of the liquid between each part is performed through the communication passage 7200 (see Fig. 143 (b)).
- Air is interposed between each part, and the thermal insulation of the air is used so that it is not affected by the heat of other parts, improving the accuracy of temperature control.
- a heat insulating material such as a clean silicon member 723 6 containing bubbles.
- the fluid introduced into the fluid reaction apparatus is liquid or gas
- the substance to be recovered is liquid, gas, solid or a mixture thereof.
- a powder dissolver can be installed in the raw material reservoir 7101.
- FIG. 157 is a configuration example of the raw material reservoir 7101 in which one of the two raw material liquids is a solution in which powder is dissolved and the other is originally liquid.
- the raw material powder and solvent are introduced from the raw material inlet 7242 of the powder dissolver 7240.
- the raw material powder is dissolved by heating by the heater 7244 and stirring by the stirrer 7246, and the generated raw material liquid is mixed by the pump 7116A from the pipe 7249 drawn into the takeout port 7148 by the mixing unit 7140 and It is designed to be sent to the reaction unit 7142.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006543071A JPWO2006043642A1 (ja) | 2004-10-20 | 2005-10-20 | 流体反応装置 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2004-305912 | 2004-10-20 | ||
| JP2004305912 | 2004-10-20 | ||
| JP2005153892 | 2005-05-26 | ||
| JP2005-153892 | 2005-05-26 | ||
| JP2005-223926 | 2005-08-02 | ||
| JP2005223926 | 2005-08-02 | ||
| JP2005-234524 | 2005-08-12 | ||
| JP2005234524 | 2005-08-12 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006043642A1 true WO2006043642A1 (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/019327 Ceased WO2006043642A1 (ja) | 2004-10-20 | 2005-10-20 | 流体反応装置 |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2006043642A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006043642A1 (ja) |
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