WO2005115910A1 - Aktor auf der basis geometrisch anisotroper nanopartikel - Google Patents
Aktor auf der basis geometrisch anisotroper nanopartikel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005115910A1 WO2005115910A1 PCT/EP2005/004053 EP2005004053W WO2005115910A1 WO 2005115910 A1 WO2005115910 A1 WO 2005115910A1 EP 2005004053 W EP2005004053 W EP 2005004053W WO 2005115910 A1 WO2005115910 A1 WO 2005115910A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- actuator
- actuator according
- webs
- nanoparticles
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0035—Constitution or structural means for controlling the movement of the flexible or deformable elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/005—Electro-chemical actuators; Actuators having a material for absorbing or desorbing gas, e.g. a metal hydride; Actuators using the difference in osmotic pressure between fluids; Actuators with elements stretchable when contacted with liquid rich in ions, with UV light, with a salt solution
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/008—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for characterised by the actuating element
- F03G7/012—Electro-chemical actuators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/932—Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
- Y10S977/953—Detector using nanostructure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/932—Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
- Y10S977/953—Detector using nanostructure
- Y10S977/954—Of radiant energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/932—Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
- Y10S977/953—Detector using nanostructure
- Y10S977/955—Of thermal property
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/932—Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
- Y10S977/953—Detector using nanostructure
- Y10S977/956—Of mechanical property
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/932—Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
- Y10S977/953—Detector using nanostructure
- Y10S977/957—Of chemical property or presence
Definitions
- the invention relates to an actuator, in particular a translation or bending actuator, based on electrically and mechanically contacted geometrically anisotropic nanoparticles, in particular tubes or fibers with diameters in the nanometer range, for example carbon nanotubes, according to the first claim.
- Actuators are used to convert electrical energy directly into a mechanical actuating movement and thus form essential components for many technical systems, especially in robotics or switching technology.
- Actuators of the type mentioned at the outset are based on so-called electromechanical functional materials. In the case of such materials, a change in the shape or the mechanical properties are in direct interaction with an applied electrical current, an electrical field or an electrical voltage. Typical representatives of these actuators are based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive materials.
- Actuators with nanotubes represent a new and particularly interesting concept.
- CNTs are exceptionally thermally and chemically stable.
- the length of CNTs is approximately 100 nm to well over 100 ⁇ m. If charges are injected into the CNTs via a voltage or current source, an electrochemical double layer is formed with the electrolytes. This double layer changes the length of the covalent bonds between the carbon atoms and thus the length and the diameter of the CNT.
- the tensile strength of CNTs is 30,000 N / mm 2 (in comparison: high-strength steel: approx. 1,900 N / mm 2 , high-strength carbon fibers: approx. 4,900 N / mm 2 ), with an elongation at break (in the tensile test) of over 5% becomes.
- CNTs Basically, two designs of CNTs are common, namely single-walled (single-walled carbon nanotubes, SWCNTs) and multi-walled (multi-walled carbon nanotubes, MWCNTs).
- Single-walled CNTs are seamless hollow cylinders that consist of a graphite layer wound around the tube axis.
- SWCNTS are preferably formed into tube clusters with a preferred orientation, whereby the individual SWCNTs are held together by van der Waals forces.
- a reliable statement about the electrical properties of SWCNT clusters is currently not possible because the individual SWCNTs do not have uniform helicities and therefore have different electrical properties.
- the electrical properties of CNT clusters also depend on which SWCNTs (metallic or semiconducting) of a pipe cluster can be electrically contacted.
- SWCNTs range in diameter from 0.4 to 5 nm.
- Multi-walled CNTs mentioned for example in [3]
- MWCNTs Multi-walled CNTs
- SWCNTs SWCNTs
- a statement about the electrical properties is problematic, since the individual SWCNTs of a MWCNT have fundamentally different helicities and thus different electrical properties.
- the access of the electrolyte is practically only unhindered to the outside CNT.
- CNTs metallic or semiconducting
- Usual outside diameters of MWCNTs are in the range from 1.4 to 200 nm.
- the modulus of elasticity of individual SWCNTs is approximately 1,000,000 N / mm 2 (in comparison: steel at approx. 210,000 N / mm 2 ). It is fundamentally larger than that of SWCNT clusters, since the individual CNTs in a cluster are only held together by van der Waals forces.
- the modulus of elasticity of MWCNTs is influenced by the introduction of force into the MWCNT and at most reaches the values of individual SWCNTs. If the force is idealized in and out via the same tube of a MWCNT, the modulus of elasticity is comparable to that of a SWCNT. If the force is introduced and discharged via different SWCNTs, a telescope-like system is created, the elastic modulus of which cannot be sensibly determined.
- CNTs are particularly interesting for actuators for applications in microsystem, medical or nanotechnology as well as for biomedical applications (e.g. as an artificial muscle).
- Such actuators have the following interesting properties in particular:
- [4] describes, for example, a corresponding actuator concept in which a large number of CNTs are combined, that is to say bundled, to form a macroscopic layer, the so-called “bucky paper” layer, as the active electrode of the actuator.
- the CNTs here have a clear preferred direction
- translation and bending actuators are proposed.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose an improved actuator concept based on geometrically anisotropic nanoparticles, in particular nanotubes such as CNTs.
- the actuator is to be improved with regard to higher actuator forces, resilience, rigidity, elongation and deflection frequencies.
- the essential basic idea of the invention consists in ideally all, preferably at least 80% or better still 90% of the nanoparticles or tubes, in particular CNTs, in the actuator in a preferred direction, preferably parallel to one another with a maximum angular deviation of ⁇ 20 °, to form rows of particles or to align particle bundles and to connect them electrically and mechanically to one another via webs, which preferably extend perpendicularly to the named orientation (actuator layer).
- a plurality of such actuator layers can furthermore be arranged one behind the other in the tensile or compressive stress direction.
- all materials are suitable as nanoparticles, on the surface of which a double layer is formed in an electrolyte.
- a double layer causes a change in the lattice spacing and thus a change in the shape of the nanoparticles.
- An influence can basically be observed for all connection types.
- the special advantage of CNTs or other nanotubes lies in the maximum possible ratio of surface (with double layer) to volume and thus in an optimal use of the aforementioned effect.
- the compound is formed from a reaction product from the Web-side and particle-side materials, which, like the reaction product, has an electrical conductivity. Furthermore, each of the nanoparticles is connected to at least two webs, as a result of which a significant increase in the actuator rigidity can be achieved.
- the active electrode for example, a number of webs are applied to a substrate and a dispersion with the nanoparticles around them. By applying a high-frequency alternating voltage between the webs, the nanoparticles are deposited on the webs in parallel in a desired manner via dielectrophoretic forces corresponding to the electrical field lines, bridging the spaces between the webs. In further steps, the excess dispersion is removed and an electrical connection between the nanoparticles and the webs is carried out via a previously mentioned reaction.
- actuator layers made of webs and nanoparticles can be realized in different ways, for example by simply stacking several layers or by rolling or folding one layer. Repeated deposition of nanoparticles and webs at the desired contact points and by initiating the aforementioned reaction (e.g. annealing the electrode at approx. 900 ° C) leads to the above-mentioned layer composite.
- the webs consist of a carbide-forming conductor material, preferably a metal, both the conductor material and the carbide being no electrical insulator.
- the webs preferably consist of a transition metal such as titanium or silicon.
- the webs have a coating of the materials mentioned.
- a metal carbide forms at the contact points between the CNTs and the web due to a solid-state reaction, which mechanically resiliently connects CNTs and webs to one another and is electrically conductive.
- the actuator preloaded by means of elastic elements is not only suitable as a pressure actuator, but also advantageously as a pull actuator, with an elastic preload no longer being necessary due to the reduced risk of buckling of the CNTs.
- the contact points can also be coated with additional metal of the above-mentioned type after the aforementioned deposition of the CNTs, as a result of which the ends of the CNTs are completely embedded in the metal carbide after the solid-state reaction, with an almost negligible electrical contact resistance between CNTs and adjusts the bridge.
- the composite of nanoparticles and webs forms the active electrode of the actuator. Like any counterelectrode, these are located in a liquid or solid electrolyte (saline solution or other, mentioned in [1] to [4]) and are connected to the poles of a voltage or current source.
- the nanoparticles are electrically charged by electrically controlling the webs.
- An electrical field is created in the electrolyte, which acts electrostatically on the electrolytes and binds them to nanoparticles, which forms an electrochemical double layer and leads to the significant change in length of the nanoparticles.
- the change in length also changes the distance between the webs, which can be tapped at the ends of the actuator as an actuator movement (expansion or contraction).
- the webs can also be fixed with elements with low rigidity relative to a base body and / or pre-stressed with elastic elements.
- the number of actuator layers arranged one above the other perpendicular to the direction of tension or compression of the actuator directly influences the rigidity of the actuator in the aforementioned manner.
- the aforementioned complete or almost complete alignment of the nanoparticles and the cohesive connection to the webs not only advantageously result in a particularly high rigidity of the actuator, but also offers, since only one, no fraction the nanoparticle is disordered, a much better one
- Fig. 3 shows the basic structure of a translation actuator
- Fig. 4 shows the basic structure of a bending actuator.
- FIGS. 1 a and b The centerpiece of the invention, the active electrode, is shown in FIGS. 1 a and b, where FIG. 1 b shows a sectional illustration of the active electrode along the line AA (see FIG. 1 a).
- This consists of a plurality of actuator layers 1, comprising a plurality of CNTs 2 arranged parallel to one another and webs 3 arranged orthogonally to them.
- the active electrode has one end via a web with a fixed bearing 4 connected and performs the actuator actuation movement 6 via its free end, preferably also formed by a web as the end piece 5.
- 1 a are elastic elements 7 for the
- the CNTs are not arranged in a cluster, but preferably in a plane parallel to one another (cf. FIG. 1 b). This ensures an unhindered access of ions of the electrolyte, which considerably reduces possible delays and irregularities in an actuating movement.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic enlarged detail of a transition area between a CNT and a web, shown in FIG. 1b with the marking B.
- a CNT 2 meets the web 3 made of a conductor metal, which is chemically and locally limited at the contact point to one Carbide area 8 is converted.
- the carbide area serves the integral and thus stable mechanical and electrical connection between the CNTs and the web.
- both the active electrode 9 and the counter electrode 10 (passive electrically conductive electrode) of the actuator are introduced into a common electrolyte 11 and are introduced via a voltage - Or current source 12 with a potential difference, preferably charged with opposite polarity.
- both the active electrode 9 and the counterelectrode 10 are located in the electrolyte 11.
- the counterelectrode in the illustrated bending actuator is also designed as a composite of CNTs and webs in the aforementioned manner.
- a voltage or current source 12 also serves to electrically charge the electrodes a potential difference, preferably opposite pole. Small electrical charges result in the two electrodes
- Electrodes as shown in FIG. 4, mechanically coupled to one another via an electrically insulating connecting element 13, the actuator introduces one in a manner comparable to a bimetal strip
- Actuator concept can be rigidity and the maximum force and
- CNTs can be used for the implementation of actuators, in particular the described embodiments, namely both individual metallic SWCNTs, individual semiconducting SWCNTs, a mixture of individual metallic and individual semiconducting SWCNTs, SWCNT clusters as well as MWCNTs and mixtures of SWCNTs and MWCNTs ,
- the CNT types mentioned differ in particular and, as explained at the outset, in the specific electrical resistance and in the elastic modulus. With regard to the modulus of elasticity, the use of individual SWCNTs or correctly contacted MWCNTs for an actuator with high rigidity, high force and elongation is sensible.
- Salt solutions with alkali metal ions and halide ions e.g.
- actuator layer geometrically anisotropic nanoparticle, nanotube, CNT 3 web 4 fixed bearing 5 end piece 6 positioning movement, direction of action 7 elastic elements 8 carbide area 9 active electrode 10 counter electrode 11 electrolyte 12 electrical voltage or current source 13 connecting element
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007513715A JP2008500189A (ja) | 2004-05-25 | 2005-04-16 | 幾何学的に異方性のナノ粒子に基づくアクチュエータ |
| CA002552046A CA2552046A1 (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2005-04-16 | Actuator on the basis of geometrically anisotropic nanoparticles |
| EP05733845A EP1748952A1 (de) | 2004-05-25 | 2005-04-16 | Aktor auf der basis geometrisch anisotroper nanopartikel |
| US11/475,423 US7829054B2 (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2006-06-27 | Actuator on the basis of geometrically anisotropic nanoparticles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004025603.9 | 2004-05-25 | ||
| DE102004025603A DE102004025603A1 (de) | 2004-05-25 | 2004-05-25 | Aktor auf der Basis geometrisch anisotroper Nanopartikel |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/475,423 Continuation-In-Part US7829054B2 (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2006-06-27 | Actuator on the basis of geometrically anisotropic nanoparticles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005115910A1 true WO2005115910A1 (de) | 2005-12-08 |
Family
ID=34965124
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2005/004053 Ceased WO2005115910A1 (de) | 2004-05-25 | 2005-04-16 | Aktor auf der basis geometrisch anisotroper nanopartikel |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7829054B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1748952A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2008500189A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1960937A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2552046A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004025603A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005115910A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019011572A1 (de) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Anordnung von kohlenstoffnanoröhren und ein verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005034323B4 (de) * | 2005-07-22 | 2011-07-21 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 51147 | Aktuator mit Nanotubes |
| JP4894930B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-27 | 2012-03-14 | 株式会社村田製作所 | アクチュエータシステムおよびその制御方法 |
| CN101493561B (zh) * | 2008-01-21 | 2012-03-14 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 碳纳米管驱动器及采用其的镜头模组、相机模组 |
| DE102008023726B4 (de) | 2008-05-15 | 2011-01-27 | Karlsruher Institut für Technologie | Implantierbare Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der Akkomodationsfähigkeit unter Nutzung interner Energie |
| DE102010030034B4 (de) | 2010-06-14 | 2016-02-18 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Aktuator mit Nanotubes |
| FR2963445B1 (fr) * | 2010-08-02 | 2013-05-03 | Nanomade Concept | Surface tactile et procede de fabrication d'une telle surface |
| JP2016046953A (ja) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-04-04 | ソニー株式会社 | トランスデューサおよび電子機器 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10126606A1 (de) * | 2001-05-31 | 2002-12-19 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Nano-Wandler-Anordnung |
| DE10244312A1 (de) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-04-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Aktuator mit Nanotubes, insbesondere Carbon-Nanotubes, Schichten aus Kohlenstoff-Nanotubes sowie ihre Herstellung und Anwendung |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0262637B1 (de) * | 1986-09-29 | 1995-03-22 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Piezoelektrischer Antrieb |
| US6781284B1 (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2004-08-24 | Sri International | Electroactive polymer transducers and actuators |
| US6682677B2 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2004-01-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Spinning, processing, and applications of carbon nanotube filaments, ribbons, and yarns |
| US6764628B2 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2004-07-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Composite material comprising oriented carbon nanotubes in a carbon matrix and process for preparing same |
-
2004
- 2004-05-25 DE DE102004025603A patent/DE102004025603A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-16 EP EP05733845A patent/EP1748952A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-16 CN CNA2005800171023A patent/CN1960937A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-16 WO PCT/EP2005/004053 patent/WO2005115910A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-04-16 CA CA002552046A patent/CA2552046A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-16 JP JP2007513715A patent/JP2008500189A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-06-27 US US11/475,423 patent/US7829054B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10126606A1 (de) * | 2001-05-31 | 2002-12-19 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Nano-Wandler-Anordnung |
| DE10244312A1 (de) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-04-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Aktuator mit Nanotubes, insbesondere Carbon-Nanotubes, Schichten aus Kohlenstoff-Nanotubes sowie ihre Herstellung und Anwendung |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| BAUGHMAN ET AL: "Carbon Nanotube Actuators", SCIENCE, AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE,, US, vol. 284, 21 May 1999 (1999-05-21), pages 1340 - 1344, XP002270608, ISSN: 0036-8075 * |
| FRAYSSE J ET AL: "Carbon nanotubes acting like actuators", CARBON, vol. 40, no. 10, August 2002 (2002-08-01), pages 1735 - 1739, XP004371673, ISSN: 0008-6223 * |
| HAQUE M H ET AL: "Carbon-nanotube-sheet actuator-theoretical and experimental investigations", PROCEEDINGS OF THE SPIE - THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING SPIE-INT. SOC. OPT. ENG USA, vol. 5385, no. 1, 15 March 2004 (2004-03-15) - 18 March 2004 (2004-03-18), pages 249 - 259, XP002334172, ISSN: 0277-786X * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019011572A1 (de) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Anordnung von kohlenstoffnanoröhren und ein verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7829054B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
| DE102004025603A1 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
| CN1960937A (zh) | 2007-05-09 |
| CA2552046A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
| US20100237744A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
| EP1748952A1 (de) | 2007-02-07 |
| JP2008500189A (ja) | 2008-01-10 |
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