WO2004111403A1 - Internal combustion engine with secondary air injection - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine with secondary air injection Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004111403A1 WO2004111403A1 PCT/EP2004/006412 EP2004006412W WO2004111403A1 WO 2004111403 A1 WO2004111403 A1 WO 2004111403A1 EP 2004006412 W EP2004006412 W EP 2004006412W WO 2004111403 A1 WO2004111403 A1 WO 2004111403A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- secondary air
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- guide element
- air guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
- F02F1/4271—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels with an exhaust liner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/34—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air conduits or jet air pumps, e.g. near the engine exhaust port
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle with a combustion chamber, to which an inlet channel for supplying fuel gas, an outlet channel for discharging combustion products and a fuel supply unit for supplying liquid fuel are assigned.
- the object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle with as simple as possible means of reduced emissions of unburned or partially burned fuel components, especially during cold start operation.
- the internal combustion engine according to the invention is characterized by a secondary air guiding element arranged in the outlet duct to form a secondary air duct running at least partially parallel to the outlet duct.
- a secondary air guiding element arranged in the outlet duct to form a secondary air duct running at least partially parallel to the outlet duct.
- additional fresh air or, if necessary, recirculated exhaust gas can also be introduced into the outlet duct and mixed with the exhaust gas, the hot exhaust gas being able to be cooled on the one hand and being chemically converted on the other hand by means of the secondary air.
- components arranged in the cylinder head can also be effectively cooled with the secondary air.
- the secondary air duct is provided in order to bring secondary air as close as possible to a corresponding outlet valve or its valve seat.
- the secondary air guide element is designed as a separate, preferably perforated insert element and is introduced into the outlet duct in such a way that the secondary air duct is formed behind the insert element.
- the insert element thus separates the exhaust gas flowing in the direction of the exhaust tract (outward) from the fresh air flowing in the direction of the valve seat (inward). Air can be supplied to the secondary air duct, for example, via a bore in the cylinder head.
- the secondary air guiding element is a multiplicity of perforations, in particular has round and / or oval openings through which a wide range of secondary air can be mixed with the exhaust gas. This enables a kind of secondary air shower with good mixing properties.
- the secondary air guide element is cylindrical and is introduced into the outlet channel in such a way that a secondary air channel with an annular cross section is formed between the secondary air guide element and the outlet channel wall.
- the exhaust gas flow can be completely encased in the secondary air duct. Secondary air and / or recirculated exhaust gas can be supplied to the exhaust gas flow on all sides.
- flow guide elements and / or turbulence promoters are arranged on the secondary air guide element. This results in a particularly good mixing of secondary air and exhaust gas.
- a constriction for the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine is produced in the outlet duct with the aid of the secondary air guide element.
- a constriction there is an increased flow velocity of the exhaust gas flow and a reduced static pressure, so that fresh air can be sucked into the exhaust gas flow from the secondary air duct.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through an outlet duct with a first embodiment of a secondary air guide element according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 1 with a second embodiment of the secondary air guide element according to the invention.
- An internal combustion engine 1 for a motor vehicle has a cylinder head 1a, which together with a movable piston serves to limit a preferably cylindrical combustion chamber 2 in an engine block of the internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine can be operated using the diesel or the Otto method.
- an inlet channel for supplying fuel gas in the form of combustion air into the combustion chamber and an outlet channel 3 for removing combustion products from the combustion chamber are provided in the cylinder head Ia.
- the exhaust port 3 is delimited by a wall 1b on the part of the cylinder head.
- a fuel supply unit for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion chamber 2 is also provided; this is preferably an inlet duct or a direct injection system with corresponding nozzles or injectors and at least one delivery unit (fuel pump). Liquid hydrocarbons, e.g. Petrol or diesel fuel used.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through the cylinder head 1 a, which runs in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the exhaust port 3.
- a first embodiment of a secondary air guiding element 6 is shown schematically therein.
- the secondary air guide element 6 is inserted in the outlet duct 3 in the form of an insert element.
- the secondary air guide element 6 is designed as a dimensionally stable sleeve which is adapted to the contour of the outlet channel 3 and which preferably has perforations 6a, 6b distributed over part of its surface.
- the secondary air guiding element 6 is not a separate component, but rather made in one piece with the cylinder head 1.
- an intermediate space 7 is formed, which is connected via the perforations 6a to the interior 10 of the insert element and which can be supplied with secondary air via a bore 4 in the cylinder head Ia.
- the intermediate space 7 thus serves as a secondary air duct running parallel to the exhaust gas outlet duct 3, 10.
- gas for example in the form of fresh air, recirculated exhaust gas or a mixture thereof, is supplied to the secondary air duct 7 by means of a pump or a similar delivery device via the bore 4 at intervals or continuously. As indicated by the arrows 5, this secondary air emerges from the secondary air duct 7 through the perforations 6a, 6b at various, structurally definable points. It is then added to the exhaust gas stream leaving the combustion chamber 2.
- the perforations 6a, 6b are to be dimensioned as required and can have any number and opening cross sections.
- the perforations 6a, 6b are preferably designed as a plurality of round or oval openings 6a in the insert element 6.
- an opening 6b can be provided on an end face of the secondary air guiding element 6 facing the combustion chamber 2. Such an opening is formed particularly simply by a gap between the secondary air guide element 6 and the wall 1b. Such a gap is preferably circular in design.
- FIG. 2 A further modified embodiment is shown in FIG. 2.
- the secondary air guide element 6 is provided with a nozzle-like shape.
- a constriction 6c is provided, at which the flow velocity of the exhaust gas increases and the static pressure is reduced particularly effectively.
- a plurality of perforations 6a are preferably made in a ring shape at the narrow point 6c in the secondary air guiding element 6, so that the secondary air with the aid of a particularly low overpressure potential in the direction of the arrows 5 from a feed 4 into the secondary air duct 7 and from there into the inner region 10 of the exhaust gas outlet duct can be brought.
- the secondary air duct runs at least in sections parallel to the exhaust gas outlet duct, which is thereby also insulated from the outside of the secondary air duct.
- the secondary air flow can be mixed in the described manner with particularly simple means and particularly effectively and specifically to the exhaust gas flow.
- fuel components expelled partially or unburned from a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine can be reacted with the aid of the secondary air, i.e. implement chemically.
- the aid of the secondary air i.e. implement chemically.
- fuel emissions are reacted to and effectively eliminated, particularly when the internal combustion engine is cold started.
- An internal combustion engine with cold start behavior that is significantly improved with respect to fuel or hydrocarbon emissions is provided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Brennkraftmaschine mit Sekundärluftbrause Internal combustion engine with secondary air shower
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Brennraum, dem ein Einlasskanal zur Zufuhr von Brenngas, ein Auslasskanal zur Abfuhr von Verbrennungsprodukten sowie eine Kraftstoffversorgungseinheit zur Zufuhr von flüssigem Kraftstoff zugeordnet sind.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle with a combustion chamber, to which an inlet channel for supplying fuel gas, an outlet channel for discharging combustion products and a fuel supply unit for supplying liquid fuel are assigned.
Beim Kaltstart wird einem Verbrennungsmotor häufig mehr Kraftstoof zugeführt als er verbrennen kann, zusätzlich werden Kraftstoffbestandteile in Spalten zwischen Ventilen und Ventilsitzringen, in Spalten an Zündkerzen und am Feuersteg von der Teilnahme an der Verbrennung abgehalten. Entsprechend werden unverbrannte Kraftstoffbestandteile mit dem Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine aus den Brennräumen entlassen. Sie schlagen sich wenigstens teilweise als Wandbenetzung an gasführenden Teilen des Auslasskanals nieder und bilden einen Wandfilm mit unterschiedlicher Ausprägung, je nach Oberflächentemperatur, Oberflächenrauhigkeit und Umgebungsbedingungen (Druck, Temperatur etc.) im Auslasskanal.During a cold start, more fuel is often supplied to an internal combustion engine than it can burn; in addition, fuel components are prevented from participating in the combustion in columns between valves and valve seat rings, in columns on spark plugs and on the top land. Accordingly, unburned fuel components are released from the combustion chambers with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. They are at least partially reflected as wall wetting on gas-carrying parts of the outlet duct and form a wall film with different characteristics, depending on the surface temperature, surface roughness and ambient conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) in the outlet duct.
Es ist bekannt, im Abgastrakt eine Nachreaktion von im Abgas vorhandenen Kraftstoffbestandteilen zu ermöglichen, wobei sowohl Katalysatoren als auch eine Sekundärlufteinblasung zur Anwendung kommen. Eine Sekundärlufteinblasung, die in einem vom Ventilsitz beabstandeten Bereich stattfindet weist allerdings eine reduzierte Wirksamkeit auf, sofern sie nicht im Zusammenwirken mit einem aufwändigen Speicherkatalysator eingesetzt wird.It is known to allow a subsequent reaction of fuel components present in the exhaust gas in the exhaust tract, both catalysts and secondary air injection being used. A secondary air injection, which takes place in an area spaced from the valve seat, has a reduced effectiveness if it is not in the Interaction with an elaborate storage catalyst is used.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, mit möglichst einfachen Mitteln eine Brennkraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit insbesondere im Kaltstartbetrieb reduzierten Emissionen an unverbrannten oder teilverbrannten Kraftstoffbestandteilen bereitzustellen.The object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle with as simple as possible means of reduced emissions of unburned or partially burned fuel components, especially during cold start operation.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst .This object is achieved by an internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine zeichnet sich aus durch ein in dem Auslasskanal angeordnetes Sekundärluftleitelement zur Bildung eines wenigstens teilweise parallel zum Auslasskanal verlaufenden Sekundärluftkanals. Durch den somit gebildeten Sekundärluftkanal ist zusätzliche Frischluft oder ggf . auch rückgeführtes Abgas in den Auslasskanal einbringbar und mit dem Abgas vermischbar, wobei mittels der Sekundärluft das heiße Abgas einerseits gekühlt und andererseits weiter chemisch umgesetzt werden kann. Ferner können auch im Zylinderkopf angeordnete Bauteile mit der Sekundärluft effektiv gekühlt werden. Insbesondere ist der Sekundärluftkanal vorgesehen, um Sekundärluft möglichst nahe an ein entsprechendes Auslassventil bzw. dessen Ventilsitz heranzuführen.The internal combustion engine according to the invention is characterized by a secondary air guiding element arranged in the outlet duct to form a secondary air duct running at least partially parallel to the outlet duct. Through the secondary air duct thus formed, additional fresh air or, if necessary, recirculated exhaust gas can also be introduced into the outlet duct and mixed with the exhaust gas, the hot exhaust gas being able to be cooled on the one hand and being chemically converted on the other hand by means of the secondary air. Furthermore, components arranged in the cylinder head can also be effectively cooled with the secondary air. In particular, the secondary air duct is provided in order to bring secondary air as close as possible to a corresponding outlet valve or its valve seat.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Sekundärluftleitelement als separates, vorzugsweise perforiertes Einsatzelement ausgestaltet und in den Auslasskanal derart eingebracht, dass hinter dem Einsatzelement der Sekundärluftkanal gebildet ist. Das Einsatzelement trennt somit das in Richtung Abgastrakt (nach aussen) strömende Abgas von der Richtung Ventilsitz (nach innen) strömenden Frischluft . Dem Sekundärluftkanal ist Luft beispielsweise über eine Bohrung im Zylinderkopf zuführbar.In an embodiment of the invention, the secondary air guide element is designed as a separate, preferably perforated insert element and is introduced into the outlet duct in such a way that the secondary air duct is formed behind the insert element. The insert element thus separates the exhaust gas flowing in the direction of the exhaust tract (outward) from the fresh air flowing in the direction of the valve seat (inward). Air can be supplied to the secondary air duct, for example, via a bore in the cylinder head.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Sekundärluftleitelement als Perforation eine Vielzahl von insbesondere runden und/oder ovalen Öffnungen aufweist, durch die breitgefächert Sekundärluft zum Abgas zumischbar ist . Dadurch ist eine Art Sekundärluftbrause mit guten Durchmischungs- eigenschaften ermöglicht.In a further embodiment of the invention, the secondary air guiding element is a multiplicity of perforations, in particular has round and / or oval openings through which a wide range of secondary air can be mixed with the exhaust gas. This enables a kind of secondary air shower with good mixing properties.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Sekundärluft- leitelement derart zylindrisch ausgebildet und in den Auslass- kanal eingebracht, dass zwischen Sekundärluftleitelement und Auslasskanalwand ein Sekundärluftkanal mit ringförmigem Querschnitt gebildet ist. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die Abgasströmung vollständig mit dem Sekundärluftkanal ummanteln. Sekundärluft und/oder rückgeführtes Abgas kann allseitig der Abgasströmung zugeführt werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the secondary air guide element is cylindrical and is introduced into the outlet channel in such a way that a secondary air channel with an annular cross section is formed between the secondary air guide element and the outlet channel wall. In this way, the exhaust gas flow can be completely encased in the secondary air duct. Secondary air and / or recirculated exhaust gas can be supplied to the exhaust gas flow on all sides.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind an dem Sekundärluftleitelement Strömungsleitelemente und/oder Turbulenz- promotoren angeordnet sind. Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders gute Durchmischung von Sekundärluft und Abgas.In a further embodiment of the invention, flow guide elements and / or turbulence promoters are arranged on the secondary air guide element. This results in a particularly good mixing of secondary air and exhaust gas.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist mit Hilfe des Sekundärluftleitelementes im Auslasskanal eine Engstelle, insbesondere eine Düse, für die Abgasströmung der Brennkraftmaschine hergestellt. An der Engstelle ergibt sich eine erhöhte Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Abgasströmung, und ein verminderter statischer Druck, so dass Frischluft aus dem Sekundärluftkanal in die Abgasströmung einsaugbar ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, a constriction, in particular a nozzle, for the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine is produced in the outlet duct with the aid of the secondary air guide element. At the constriction, there is an increased flow velocity of the exhaust gas flow and a reduced static pressure, so that fresh air can be sucked into the exhaust gas flow from the secondary air duct.
Weitere Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen. Konkrete Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigenFurther features and combinations of features result from the description and the drawings. Specific exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the description below. Show it
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Längsschnitts durch einen Auslasskanal mit einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Sekundärluftleitelementes und Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 1 mit einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Sekundärluftleitelementes .Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through an outlet duct with a first embodiment of a secondary air guide element according to the invention and Fig. 2 is a schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 1 with a second embodiment of the secondary air guide element according to the invention.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine 1 für ein Kraftfahrzeug weist einen Zylinderkopf Ia auf, der gemeinsam mit einem beweglichen Kolben zur Begrenzung eines vorzugsweise zylindrischen Brennraumes 2 in einem Motorblock der Brennkraftmaschine dient. Die Brennkraftmaschine kann nach dem Diesel- oder auch nach dem Otto-Verfahren betrieben werden. In dem Zylinderkopf Ia sind ein Einlasskanal zur Zufuhr von Brenngas in Form von Verbrennungsluft in den Brennraum hinein sowie ein Auslasskanal 3 zur Abfuhr von Vergrennungsprodukten aus dem Brennraum heraus vorgesehen. Der Auslasskanal 3 ist dabei von einer Wandung Ib seitens des Zylinderkopfes begrenzt. Ferner ist eine Kraftstoffversorgungseinheit zur Zufuhr von flüssigem Kraftstoff in den Brennraum 2 vorgesehen; dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Einlasskanal- oder ein Direkteinspritzsystem mit entsprechenden Düsen bzw. Injektoren sowie wenigstens einer Fördereinheit (Kraftstoffpumpe) . Als Kraftstoff werden vorzugsweise bei Umgebungsbedingungen flüssige Kohlenwasserstoffe, z.B. Benzin oder Dieselkraftstoff verwendet .An internal combustion engine 1 for a motor vehicle according to the invention has a cylinder head 1a, which together with a movable piston serves to limit a preferably cylindrical combustion chamber 2 in an engine block of the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine can be operated using the diesel or the Otto method. In the cylinder head Ia, an inlet channel for supplying fuel gas in the form of combustion air into the combustion chamber and an outlet channel 3 for removing combustion products from the combustion chamber are provided. The exhaust port 3 is delimited by a wall 1b on the part of the cylinder head. A fuel supply unit for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion chamber 2 is also provided; this is preferably an inlet duct or a direct injection system with corresponding nozzles or injectors and at least one delivery unit (fuel pump). Liquid hydrocarbons, e.g. Petrol or diesel fuel used.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Schnitt durch den Zylinderkopf Ia dargestellt, der in einer Richtung parallel zur Längsachse des Auslasskanals 3 verläuft. Darin ist schematisch eine erste Ausführungsform eines Sekundärluftleitelementes 6 dargestellt.1 shows a section through the cylinder head 1 a, which runs in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the exhaust port 3. A first embodiment of a secondary air guiding element 6 is shown schematically therein.
Das Sekundärluftleitelement 6 ist in Form eines Einsatzelements in den Auslasskanal 3 eingesetzt. Das Sekundärluftleitelement 6 ist als formstabile, an die Kontur des Auslasskanals 3 angepasste Hülse gestaltet, die vorzugsweise über einen Teil ihrer Oberfläche verteilte Perforationen 6a, 6b aufweist. In einem modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Sekundärluftleitelement 6 nicht als separates Bauteil, sondern einstückig mit dem Zylinderkopf 1 ausgeführt. Zwischen Einsatzelement 6 und dem gegossenen Auslasskanal 3 im Zylinderkopf Ia ist ein Zwischenraum 7 gebildet, der über die Perforationen 6a in Verbindung steht mit dem Innenbereich 10 des Einsatzelements und dem über eine Bohrung 4 im Zylinderkopf Ia Sekundärluft zuführbar ist. Der Zwischenraum 7 dient somit als parallel zum Abgasauslasskanal 3, 10 verlaufender Sekundär- luftkanal .The secondary air guide element 6 is inserted in the outlet duct 3 in the form of an insert element. The secondary air guide element 6 is designed as a dimensionally stable sleeve which is adapted to the contour of the outlet channel 3 and which preferably has perforations 6a, 6b distributed over part of its surface. In a modified exemplary embodiment, the secondary air guiding element 6 is not a separate component, but rather made in one piece with the cylinder head 1. Between the insert element 6 and the cast exhaust duct 3 in the cylinder head Ia, an intermediate space 7 is formed, which is connected via the perforations 6a to the interior 10 of the insert element and which can be supplied with secondary air via a bore 4 in the cylinder head Ia. The intermediate space 7 thus serves as a secondary air duct running parallel to the exhaust gas outlet duct 3, 10.
Im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 1 wird dem Sekundärluftkanal 7 mittels einer Pumpe oder einer ähnlichen Fördereinrichtung über die Bohrung 4 in Intervallen oder kontinuierlich Gas (Sekundärluft) beispielsweise in Form von Frischluft, rückgeführtem Abgas oder einer Mischung daraus zugeführt. Diese Sekundärluft tritt, wie durch die Pfeile 5 angedeutet, an verschiedenen, konstruktiv festlegbaren Stellen durch die Perforationen 6a, 6b aus dem Sekundärluftkanal 7 aus. Sie wird dann dem den Brennraum 2 verlassenden Abgasstrom beigemischt .In operation of the internal combustion engine 1, gas (secondary air), for example in the form of fresh air, recirculated exhaust gas or a mixture thereof, is supplied to the secondary air duct 7 by means of a pump or a similar delivery device via the bore 4 at intervals or continuously. As indicated by the arrows 5, this secondary air emerges from the secondary air duct 7 through the perforations 6a, 6b at various, structurally definable points. It is then added to the exhaust gas stream leaving the combustion chamber 2.
Die Perforationen 6a, 6b sind je nach Bedarf zu dimensionieren und können beliebige Anzahl und Öffnungsquerschnitte aufweisen. Vorzugsweise sind die Perforationen 6a, 6b als eine Mehrzahl runder oder ovaler Öffnungen 6a in dem Einsatzelement 6 gestaltet. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann eine Öffnung 6b an einer dem Brennraum 2 zugewandten Stirnseite des Sekundärluft- leitelementes 6 vorgesehen sein. Eine derartige Öffnung ist besonders einfach gebildet durch einen Spalt zwischen Sekundärluftleitelement 6 und der Wandung Ib. Ein derartiger Spalt ist vorzugsweise umlaufend ringförmig ausgeführt.The perforations 6a, 6b are to be dimensioned as required and can have any number and opening cross sections. The perforations 6a, 6b are preferably designed as a plurality of round or oval openings 6a in the insert element 6. Additionally or alternatively, an opening 6b can be provided on an end face of the secondary air guiding element 6 facing the combustion chamber 2. Such an opening is formed particularly simply by a gap between the secondary air guide element 6 and the wall 1b. Such a gap is preferably circular in design.
Dabei ergeben sich zwischen dem gekühlten Zylinderkopf Ia und dem Innenbereich 10 nennenswerte Temperaturdifferenzen, wobei das Sekundärluftleitelement 6 als Isolierung bzw. Schutzschild für den Sekundärluftkanal 7 sowie die dahinterliegende Wandung des Auslasskanals fungiert. Zur Modifikation dieser Variante wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, an dem Sekundärluftleitelement 6 auf der zum Innenbereich 10 hin ausgerichteten Seite Strömungsleitelemente vorzusehen. Strömungsleitelemente sind vorzugsweise zur Umlenkung der Abgasströmung um die Perforationen 6a herum vorgesehen. Sie können beispielsweise hutzenförmig ausgestaltet sein, wobei sich ein reduzierter statischer Druck im Bereich der Perforationen erreichen lässt.Significant temperature differences result between the cooled cylinder head 1 a and the inner region 10, the secondary air guide element 6 acting as insulation or a protective shield for the secondary air duct 7 and the wall of the exhaust duct behind it. To modify this variant, it is proposed according to the invention to provide flow guide elements on the secondary air guide element 6 on the side oriented toward the inner region 10. Flow guiding elements are preferably provided for deflecting the exhaust gas flow around the perforations 6a. For example, they can be configured in the form of a hat, with a reduced static pressure in the area of the perforations being able to be achieved.
Ein weiter modifiziertes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Dabei ist das Sekundärluftleitelement 6 in einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit einer düsenförmigen Gestalt versehen. Es ist eine Engstelle 6c vorgesehen, an der die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Abgases erhöht und der statische Druck besonders wirkungsvoll abgesenkt ist. Ferner sind vorzugsweise gerade an der Engstelle 6c ringförmig mehrere Perforationen 6a in das Sekundärluftleitelement 6 eingebracht, so dass die Sekundärluft mit Hilfe eines besonders geringen Überdruckpotentials in Richtung der Pfeile 5 aus einer Zuführung 4 in den Sekundärluftkanal 7 und von dort in den Innenbereich 10 des Abgasauslasskanals gebracht werden kann. Der Sekundärluftkanal verläuft dabei wenigstens abschnittsweise parallel zum Abgasauslasskanal, der dadurch zugleich vom Sekundärluftkanal aussenseitig isoliert wird.A further modified embodiment is shown in FIG. 2. In a second embodiment, the secondary air guide element 6 is provided with a nozzle-like shape. A constriction 6c is provided, at which the flow velocity of the exhaust gas increases and the static pressure is reduced particularly effectively. Furthermore, a plurality of perforations 6a are preferably made in a ring shape at the narrow point 6c in the secondary air guiding element 6, so that the secondary air with the aid of a particularly low overpressure potential in the direction of the arrows 5 from a feed 4 into the secondary air duct 7 and from there into the inner region 10 of the exhaust gas outlet duct can be brought. The secondary air duct runs at least in sections parallel to the exhaust gas outlet duct, which is thereby also insulated from the outside of the secondary air duct.
Die Sekundärluftströmung lässt sich auf die beschriebene Weise mit besonders einfachen Mitteln und besonders effektiv und gezielt dem Abgasstrom zumischen. Durch die vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen lassen sich teil- oder unverbrannt aus einem Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ausgestoßene Kraftstoffbestandteile mit Hilfe der Sekundärluft nachreagieren, d.h. chemisch umsetzen. Somit werden Kraftstoffemissionen insbesondere beim Kaltstart der Brennkraftmaschine nachreagiert und wirkungsvoll beseitigt. Es ist eine Brennkraftmaschine mit hinsichtlich Kraftstoff- bzw. Kohlenwasserstoffemissionen nennenswert verbessertem Kaltstartverhalten bereitgestellt . The secondary air flow can be mixed in the described manner with particularly simple means and particularly effectively and specifically to the exhaust gas flow. By means of the proposed measures, fuel components expelled partially or unburned from a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine can be reacted with the aid of the secondary air, i.e. implement chemically. In this way, fuel emissions are reacted to and effectively eliminated, particularly when the internal combustion engine is cold started. An internal combustion engine with cold start behavior that is significantly improved with respect to fuel or hydrocarbon emissions is provided.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10327305A DE10327305A1 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2003-06-18 | Internal combustion engine with secondary air shower |
| DE10327305.0 | 2003-06-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004111403A1 true WO2004111403A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
Family
ID=33495095
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2004/006412 Ceased WO2004111403A1 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2004-06-15 | Internal combustion engine with secondary air injection |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10327305A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004111403A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8464519B2 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2013-06-18 | Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Secondary air system |
| WO2016106994A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-07 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Secondary air injection pipe and secondary air injection system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT505765B1 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2009-04-15 | Kirchberger Roland Dipl Ing Dr | COMBUSTION ENGINE |
| DE102008033750A1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-21 | Audi Ag | Internal combustion engine i.e. four-stroke engine, operating method for motor vehicle, involves bringing air into cylinder chamber during combustion cycles twice over pre-determined time interval for conveying sputtering of fuel |
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| US4096690A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-06-27 | Ford Motor Company | Louvered exhaust port liner |
| EP0640752A1 (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-03-01 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas arrangement for an internal combustion engine |
| WO1996023133A1 (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1996-08-01 | Pfefferle William C | Catalytic method |
| DE19938359A1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-22 | Audi Ag | Exhaust manifold for multi-cylinder engine with secondary air input, in which secondary air is introduced into exhaust gas via several venturi sectors |
| DE10005909A1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Audi Ag | Device for regenerating, heating and desulfurizing the NOx storage catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3468124A (en) * | 1967-04-25 | 1969-09-23 | Mykola Hraboweckyj | Method and apparatus for consuming combustible gases in engine exhaust gases |
| DE4118848C2 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 2000-02-24 | Audi Ag | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
| DE4209684A1 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-09-30 | Porsche Ag | Device for influencing the flow in gas exchange channels of an internal combustion engine |
| US5419125A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1995-05-30 | Calsonic Corporation | Exhaust-gas recombustion system |
| DE10215914B4 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2009-01-02 | Daimler Ag | Valve-controlled internal combustion engine |
-
2003
- 2003-06-18 DE DE10327305A patent/DE10327305A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2004
- 2004-06-15 WO PCT/EP2004/006412 patent/WO2004111403A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4096690A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-06-27 | Ford Motor Company | Louvered exhaust port liner |
| EP0640752A1 (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-03-01 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas arrangement for an internal combustion engine |
| WO1996023133A1 (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1996-08-01 | Pfefferle William C | Catalytic method |
| DE19938359A1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-22 | Audi Ag | Exhaust manifold for multi-cylinder engine with secondary air input, in which secondary air is introduced into exhaust gas via several venturi sectors |
| DE10005909A1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Audi Ag | Device for regenerating, heating and desulfurizing the NOx storage catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8464519B2 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2013-06-18 | Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Secondary air system |
| WO2016106994A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-07 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Secondary air injection pipe and secondary air injection system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10327305A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
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