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WO2004010387A1 - Systeme et procede de prevention d'accidents - Google Patents

Systeme et procede de prevention d'accidents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004010387A1
WO2004010387A1 PCT/EP2003/002080 EP0302080W WO2004010387A1 WO 2004010387 A1 WO2004010387 A1 WO 2004010387A1 EP 0302080 W EP0302080 W EP 0302080W WO 2004010387 A1 WO2004010387 A1 WO 2004010387A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user
signal
data
signals
user terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2003/002080
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Donat
Wolfgang Richter
Peter Rosenbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Microchip Technology Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Ident Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ident Technology AG filed Critical Ident Technology AG
Priority to US10/522,434 priority Critical patent/US7982624B2/en
Priority to EP03764913A priority patent/EP1535247B1/fr
Priority to AT03764913T priority patent/ATE475156T1/de
Priority to DE50312907T priority patent/DE50312907D1/de
Priority to AU2003211727A priority patent/AU2003211727A1/en
Publication of WO2004010387A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004010387A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to accident prevention when using equipment.
  • the present invention relates to a system, system components and methods which make it possible to avoid the risk of accidents when using devices by the fact that the devices can only be operated by authorized users and, in addition, predetermined operating conditions are met.
  • identification systems are used which, prior to operation of assigned devices and systems, provide the user with characteristic data which check whether the users are authorized to use the devices and systems. If this is the case, the identification systems transmit data to the devices and systems that permit their operation or use, or control them accordingly.
  • portable storage media e.g. smart cards, chip cards, etc.
  • portable storage media e.g. smart cards, chip cards, etc.
  • wireless data transmitters radio transmitters
  • Identification systems are also used in which users enter their identifying data themselves, for example in the form of codes, identifiers, PIN numbers, TAN numbers and the like.
  • a disadvantage here is that devices and systems to be monitored can be used regardless of whether a user is authorized to do so or conditions exist which preclude use after users transmit identifying data indicating an authorization, and the device or the System has been released for use in response.
  • a control in which a restart, for example after a predetermined period of time is only possible after a renewed check of the authorization of a user, is not a solution for various reasons. For example, it would be impractical to enter a user code each time or authorizing data from one Transfer storage medium if operation is to be resumed after a pause.
  • improper operation is not prevented in this way if, for example, protective measures required to operate the devices and machines have not been taken. Operation by unauthorized users, for example children or employees who have not been trained accordingly, cannot be prevented as long as the operation is released, e.g. during the specified period of time within which use or commissioning can take place without re-checking user authorization.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide solutions which permit the use and operation of devices, such as portable tools, machine tools, household appliances, etc., for authorized users at any time, whereas persons not authorized to use them at any time can operate. Furthermore, the present invention is intended to make it possible for the devices to be operated and used only if specified conditions for operation have been met, for example suitable safety measures have been taken. Solution according to the invention
  • the present invention is based on the approach of checking data which authorize a user for the use and operation of a device, essentially continuously or at very short intervals during operation of the device, in a manner in which the user does not have to act in order to do so provide authoritative data.
  • the authoritative data are provided in the context of actions or activities that users carry out or are to be carried out when the device is operated.
  • operator-integrated authorization check it is no longer necessary for users to carry out additional, special measures so that they can be identified as authorized persons.
  • the authorization of users is carried out on the basis of actions that are not intended for this purpose but for operating the device. Examples include holding a handle or handpiece, operating an on / off switch or button, etc. of portable and stationary machine tools (e.g. drills, grinders), machining centers (e.g. lathes), household appliances (e.g. mixers, electric knives), etc. enables you to check whether the user of the device is actually allowed to use it, not only when putting it into operation, but also during operation. The operation of the device does not change for the user of the device.
  • portable and stationary machine tools e.g. drills, grinders
  • machining centers e.g. lathes
  • household appliances e.g. mixers, electric knives
  • the user-integrated identification is carried out on the basis of corresponding authoritative data for the users. Operation with only one user is then no longer possible.
  • the authoritative data can receive information as to whether the specified conditions are met. This data is collected easy integrated and checked to the Be ⁇ drifted almost then to interrupt immediately when the predetermined operating conditions are no longer fulfilled. If, for example, the authorizing data are at least partially provided by protective clothing (e.g. protective helmet or goggles), the device can only be put into operation and operated if the protective clothing is also worn.
  • protective clothing e.g. protective helmet or goggles
  • the present invention provides a system according to claim 1.
  • the system according to the invention comprises at least one user terminal with an output unit with which signals, which include authoritative data, can be transmitted over the body of a user.
  • a signal receiver with a corresponding interface is provided for receiving these signals.
  • the received signals or the authoritative data determined from them are checked by corresponding units of the signal receiver. It is determined that the received authoritative data is valid, i.e. If you actually give an authorization to operate a device, the signal receiver generates an enable signal that allows the device to operate.
  • the signal receiver In order to check during operation of the device whether it is still being operated by an authorized user and / or whether specified safety regulations (e.g. wearing a helmet, safety glasses, etc.) have been met, the signal receiver interrupts or stops the release of the release signal if the following Checks on authoritative data fail. Due to the lack of the enable signal, the device cannot continue to operate.
  • specified safety regulations e.g. wearing a helmet, safety glasses, etc.
  • the user terminal capacitively and / or inductively couples this data into the skin of a user by means of a coupling unit.
  • a coupling unit In this case, direct skin contact with the user terminal is not necessary. This allows the user terminal e.g. in your pocket to transmit the signals that contain the authoritative data over the body.
  • the user terminal preferably has an oscillator for generating the signals comprising the authoritative data, it also being possible to at least partially modulate further signals and / or the authoritative data by means of a modulator or a mixer.
  • the signals from the user terminal can include control commands for controlling the signal receiver in addition to an identifier which characterizes the authorization of the user.
  • the interface unit of the signal receiver can comprise a touch-sensitive unit in order to receive the signals of the user terminal when the touch-sensitive unit comes into contact with the user.
  • a touch-sensitive unit in order to receive the signals of the user terminal when the touch-sensitive unit comes into contact with the user.
  • direct contact with a body part of the user may be required. It is also possible to transmit the signals of the user terminal through areas of the user's clothing that contact the device to the touch-sensitive unit (e.g. when wearing gloves).
  • the interface unit of the signal receiver comprises an inductive and / or capacitive unit in order to receive the signals of the user terminal by means of inductive and / or capacitive coupling.
  • the inductive and / or capacitive unit is required here, but it is sufficient for the user to be at a distance from the inductive and / or capacitive unit that permits inductive and / or capacitive signal transmission. In this way it is possible to release devices for operation if an authorized person is in the vicinity of the device.
  • household appliances can be used in a children's kitchen when parents are in the kitchen and can monitor the use of the appliance, so that authorized use of the appliance is guaranteed.
  • the signal receiver can determine the authoritative data contained in the signals of the user terminal in order to check, for example using a comparator, whether they actually authorize the user to use the device.
  • the signal receiver can include memory devices with one or more memory locations in which data are present which are used for comparison with the received authoritative data.
  • the verification units of the signal receiver comprise a correspondence register with at least two storage locations having data for checking the authoritative data.
  • the data used to check the authoritative data is preferably selected as a function of the signals received from the user terminal.
  • the signal receiver depending on control commands in the signals of the user terminal to access data for checking the authoritative data.
  • the user terminal preferably transmits the signals comprising the authoritative data continuously or periodically.
  • the signal receiver can be designed such that it continuously or periodically checks the received authoritative data.
  • the signal receiver interrupts the energy supply of the device, the signal receiver being able to be integrated into the device or connected to its energy supply.
  • At least one user terminal is in protective clothing (e.g.
  • Protective helmets, safety shoes, goggles, gloves, overalls integrated or attached. If the protective clothing is not worn by the user, no signals comprising the authoritative data are transmitted to the signal receiver via the user's body. Operation of the device is accordingly not possible. To further ensure that the user himself is authorized to operate the device, a user terminal worn by the user on his body or in his clothing can be used. The operation of the device is only released by the signal receiver when all authoritative data, i.e. that of the protective clothing and that of the user terminal worn by the user have been received and successfully checked.
  • the present invention provides for use with the system according to the invention designed and programmed user terminals and signal receivers and protective clothing which are equipped with a user terminal according to the invention.
  • the present invention further relates to a handle device and a safety circuit arrangement, in particular for power tools, for example power tools for stone, wood and / or metal processing.
  • power tools for example power tools for stone, wood and / or metal processing.
  • These tools are therefore usually provided with a first and a second grip device, so that the tool can be gripped with both hands.
  • the two handle devices are preferably spaced apart from one another to such an extent that sufficient supporting torque can be generated via the manual forces applied to the handle devices.
  • manually freely positionable devices for example drilling machines
  • the tool can under certain circumstances only be gripped with both hands and that, in particular when one of the two handle devices can be removed from the tool, the tool is used without this additional handle device.
  • the object of the present further invention is to provide solutions which enable an improved use of these power-operated tools from the point of view of industrial safety and / or also with regard to the use of tools and tool guidance.
  • the present invention is based on the approach of providing a handle device which enables detection of the tool gripping state and power control of the tool which takes the gripping state into account.
  • the handle device according to the invention accordingly comprises a handle outer surface including a handle base body, which has a palm support section, wherein in the area of the palm Support section is formed at least one pressure-sensitive zone for generating a signal indicative of the handle grip state.
  • This signal can be generated as an on / off signal and thus indicate whether the hand forces exerted on the handle device are above or below a preferably defined handle force limit value.
  • an output signal based on a threshold value - or also in combination with this measure - it is also possible to generate the signal in such a way that it is indicative of different gripping gripping forces and, for example, enables power control proportional to the gripping force.
  • the handle device is designed such that a plurality of pressure-sensitive zones are formed in the region of the palm-rest area. This makes it advantageously possible to classify the actual handle grip state.
  • the pressure-sensitive zone forms part of a fluid chamber system.
  • the pressure-sensitive zone can be formed by an elastically deformable pressure chamber wall. By loading this pressure chamber cover, it is possible to generate a pressure in the fluid chamber system that has a sufficiently clear connection with the load on the pressure chamber cover.
  • a fluid, a gel material or possibly also a gas filling is provided in the pressure chamber.
  • the filling medium accommodated in the pressure chamber makes it possible to carry out the pressure measurement by means of a pressure-sensitive measuring element, for example a piezo element or a strain gauge system.
  • the filling medium accommodated in the pressure chamber interacts with a switching device, possibly with the interposition of a pressure line, so that the switching device can be actuated via the filling medium accommodated in the pressure chamber.
  • the pressure chamber is designed in particular with regard to the course of the pressure chamber cover in the region of the palm-rest section. that this forms a pressure-sensitive zone assigned to the palm rest area and to the inner finger area. This makes it possible to classify the gripping state on the basis of the forces applied to the ball of the thumb and the inside of the fingers.
  • a position detection device is provided in the area of the handle device, via which the position of use or the orientation of the power tool can be detected. It is possible to take into account the signal generated by the position detection device in such a way that the tool can only be operated in a defined orientation. It is possible to borrow an acoustic or optical user feedback based on the signal generated by the position detection device.
  • the handle device described above is provided according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention as a handle device for a drill.
  • a handle device with a signal transmission device for transmitting a signal which is indicative of the handle grip state.
  • the signal indicative of the gripping state is transmitted by coupling it into the hand of the tool user.
  • the coupling is preferably based on electrostatic interaction effects.
  • signal modulation devices are provided in the area of the handle device in the form of an electrical circuit. hen, for modulating the signal emitted by the signal transmission device, in particular the coupling device.
  • a power-operated tool which comprises a housing device, a first handle device and a second handle device, the tool being provided with a gripping state detection device for detecting a signal which is indicative of the gripping state of the device. It is possible to design at least one of the two handle devices in such a way that, for example, holding force or finger pressure-specific information is contained in the signal. This also makes it possible, for example, to carry out the operation or the power control in accordance with the gripping forces applied to the corresponding handle device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a user terminal according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of a user terminal according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a user terminal according to the invention as a card
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a signal receiver according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of a signal receiver according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a signal sequence emitted by a user terminal according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of a power-operated tool equipped with a first and a second handle device
  • 9a is a schematic representation for explaining the structure of a device for generating a tool
  • Fig. 9 shows the device according to Fig. 9a in an inclined position.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of a user terminal 2 is shown schematically in FIG. 1.
  • Data authorizing the use of a portable electric hand tool are transmitted from the user terminal 2, which can also be referred to as a signal transmitter, using signals over the skin of a user.
  • This can be achieved by the user terminal 2 coupling signals directly into the skin via a contact point or indirectly capacitively and / or inductively into the skin.
  • the contact point or components used for a capacitive and / or inductive coupling serve as one pole, parasitic capacitances between the user terminal 2 and a receiver described below being used for the other pole (for example earth, body, ground potential of the portable electrical device) Hand tools, etc.).
  • stray fields are generated by means of suitable couplers, which feed signals from the user terminal 2 into the skin.
  • the user terminal 2 For transmission of signal len directly via a contact point, the user terminal 2 itself can directly touch the skin of its user or be connected to a device directly connected to the skin of the user (eg electrodes, patches, etc.).
  • the output unit 10 can comprise one or more of the components 4, 6 and 8, which is essentially determined by the device or machine for which the user terminal 2 is to be used and how a user does this User terminal 2 should use.
  • a user terminal 2 to be used with a portable electrical hand tool has the form of a check or chip card, it makes sense to equip the user terminal 2 with an output unit 10 that only includes the coupling device 4.
  • an output unit 10 that only includes the coupling device 4.
  • no direct contact of the user terminal 2 with the skin of the user is then required.
  • signals necessary for the transmission of the authoritative data can be coupled into the skin of the user when the user terminal 2 is in the pocket of a trouser or shirt, for example.
  • the user terminal 2 can be integrated into such protective clothing and with an output unit having the coupling device 4 and / or the contact area 6 10 be equipped.
  • the coupling device 4 and / or the contact area 6 must be arranged on protective clothing such that the authoritative data is coupled in when the protective clothing is worn or a direct contact tact of the contact area 6 with the skin of the user is guaranteed.
  • the contact area 6 can be arranged in the areas of protective glasses that touch an ear cup or the bridge of the nose of the user when wearing the protective glasses. The same applies to capacitive and / or inductive signal transmission.
  • a signal generator 12 which can be, for example, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), is used to generate signals to be transmitted via the output unit 10.
  • VCO voltage-controlled oscillator
  • it is provided to operate the signal generator 12 at different frequencies, different frequency durations, different signal pauses and combinations thereof, signals generated in this way having characteristics which, as described below, are used to check the authorization of a user become.
  • the generation of different signals by means of the signal generator 12 allows different user terminals 2 to be distinguished.
  • the signals generated by the signal generator 12 can be shaped by means of amplitude and / or frequency modulation.
  • a mixer or modulator 14 is used to modulate information onto signals of the signal generator 12.
  • a computer unit 16 which is referred to as a configurator, is used to control the signal generator 12 and the modulator 14.
  • the configurator 16 can control the signal generator 12 and the modulator 14 or other components of the user terminal 2 described below in accordance with a predetermined scheme which is permanently assigned to the configurator 16 control (eg in a ROM component).
  • the configurator 16 can be programmed via an input unit 18 and / or can be supplied with corresponding control data which can be stored in a memory (not shown).
  • the configurator 16 controls the signal generator 12 to generate the predetermined signal frequency.
  • the configurator 16 accesses a corresponding memory 20 having data.
  • the data in the memory 20 are transmitted from the configurator 16 to the modulator 14 together with corresponding control commands in order to transmit signals to the output unit 10 which have the predetermined frequency and the modulated information.
  • a cyclic output of data from the memory 20 can be achieved, for example, if the memory 20 is designed as a shift register with serial output, which outputs the data to the configurator 16 one after another and repeatedly.
  • a clock generator 22 can be used for this purpose, in order to transfer data from the memory 20 under its control, for example bit byte or byte.
  • suitable information e.g. start bits
  • suitable information is applied to signals from the memory 20 before modulation of data in the memory 20
  • Signal generator 12 modulated. This is particularly important if the data of the memory 20 signals of the signal generator 12 are repeatedly modulated.
  • a timer 24 can be used to define a pause after the transmission of signals indicating authoritative data, after which the signal frequency representing the next authoritative data is transmitted.
  • the user terminal 2 or at least individual components thereof can be put into an operating state, also referred to as standby mode or sleep mode, during the pause.
  • Another advantage of using pauses between signal frequencies is that when using multiple user terminals 2, during the pause, one or more user terminals 2 can transmit signals without collision. Furthermore, it is provided to randomly specify the length of the pauses in order to reduce the probability that 2 signal transmissions (partially) overlap in time when several user terminals are used.
  • the configurator 12 can modulate information characterizing checksums by means of the modulator 16 onto the signals of the signal generator 12.
  • Table Tab. 1 The components and their functions of the user terminal 2 according to FIG. 2 are listed in the following table Tab. 1:
  • Tab. 1 Components and functions of the user terminal
  • Batteries or accumulators can be used to supply energy to the user terminal 2, whereby, as explained above, operating pauses defined by the timer 24 can reduce the power consumption and thus increase the total operating time.
  • Such an energy supply can also be supported or provided by solar cells, not shown in the figures.
  • the use of solar cells for the energy supply of the user terminal 2 has further advantages. If it is necessary, for example, when using a device or a machine that, for safety reasons, has the predetermined minimum brightness in the working area, it is provided that the energy supply of the user terminal 2 is configured with solar cells so that the user terminal 2 can only be operated when light is on is sufficiently present in the work area. For example, it is possible to arrange a solar cell for supplying energy to the user terminal 2 on safety glasses or a protective helmet. If the brightness prevailing in the working environment is too low, the solar cell does not generate the energy required to operate the user terminal 2.
  • the authoritative data required for commissioning and using a device or a machine can also include personal data that make it possible to uniquely identify a user of the user terminal 2.
  • it can be designed in the form of pins, key fobs, stickers, etc.
  • the functions of the user terminal 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by means of corresponding components and circuits which are integrated in safety shoes, protective helmets, protective glasses and comparable items of clothing.
  • the user terminal 2 is designed as a push button that can be riveted or buttoned onto items of clothing.
  • the user terminal 2 its components, including the energy supply, are accommodated in a flat card that is comparable to a check card. As shown schematically in FIG. 3, signals are coupled into the body of a user via a capacitive surface 26.
  • a signal receiver 28 is used to receive signals transmitted by the user terminal 2.
  • the signal receiver 28 has an interface unit 30 for receiving signals from the user terminal 2.
  • the interface unit 30 of the signal receiver 28 can comprise a touch-sensitive unit (not shown) and / or an inductive and / or capacitive unit in order to transmit the signals of the user terminal 2 when the touch-sensitive unit comes into contact with the user or by means of inductive and / or to receive capacitive coupling.
  • the signal receiver 28 includes an active, advantageously high-amplifying bandpass 32 for suppressing interference signals (e.g. hum voltages). This is optionally connected to an operational amplifier 34 in order to pass on the signals of the bandpass 32 in an amplified manner. Signals of the bandpass 32 and the operational amplifier 34 become one
  • the tone decoder 36 can have a predetermined evaluation frequency which can generally be set by an RC element in order to determine the existence and duration of signals corresponding to the signals transmitted by the user terminal 2.
  • the tone decoder 36 can also be used with a ramp generator 38 which detects frequencies present in the signals provided by the bandpass 32 or the operational amplifier 34. In combination with the sound decoder 36 it is additional possible to determine frequencies in the signals transmitted by the user terminal 2.
  • the signal receiver 28 should be used to generate signals which are used to switch devices and machines on and off.
  • the sound decoder 36 is combined with the ramp generator 38, information obtained from the signals of the bandpass 32 or the operational amplifier 34 can be passed on to units (not shown) (e.g. microcontrollers) in order to control a device or a machine according to the information. These units can also be used to control ramp generator 38.
  • Signals or information from the sound decoder 36 are evaluated by a computer unit 40 in order to check whether the data sent by the user terminal 2 authorize the use of a device or a machine. If this is the case, corresponding data and / or signals are forwarded via an output unit 42 to devices or machines used with the signal receiver 28 in order to permit their operation. If it is determined by the computer unit 40 that the received signals do not authorize the use of the device or the machine or that previously received authoritative data are no longer received, the device or the machine is controlled via the output unit 42 in such a way that its operation is not started can be or is interrupted.
  • the latter has a reception register 44 which serves for the central control of the signal receiver 28.
  • the reception register 44 controls the ramp generator 38 and, via this, the tone decoder 36 such that they are set for evaluating signals of a predetermined frequency.
  • the receive buffer (not designated) of the receive register 44 is filled, for example bit by bit, with the information received and, if provided, one Checksum formed.
  • the processing of information obtained from signals of the user terminal 2 described below is only carried out if the checksum determined by the signal receiver 28 matches the checksum provided by the user terminal 2.
  • the receive register 44 controls a correspondence register 46 in such a way that it releases a predetermined memory location for access by a comparator 48. For example, a 4-bit control instruction and a 4-bit memory location selection can be used for this.
  • the memory location of the correspondence register 46 selected in this way is used by the comparator 48 in order to compare the information stored in the selected memory location with the information provided by the reception register 44 and obtained from signals from the user terminal 2.
  • the storage locations of the correspondence register 46 can be selected as a function of information obtained from signals from the user terminal 2 and / or of devices or machines for which the signal receiver 28 is used.
  • a memory is used which has only one set of authoritative data which are compared by the comparator 48 with received data extracted from signals from the user terminal 2.
  • a changeover switch 50 is activated such that data and / or enabling the operation of a device or a machine is made via the output unit 42 Information is output.
  • the release data and / or information is output as long as the signal receiver 28 receives signals from the user terminal 2, as long as received signals authorize signals received from the Comparators 48 checked data are present until a signal, for example transmitted from a device or machine, resetting the changeover switch 50 or a time period predetermined by a timer, not shown, has passed via an input unit 52.
  • a unit 54 referred to as a loss timer can be used. If no signals from the user terminal 2 are received within a predetermined period of time, which correspond to the data of the correspondence register 46 in the selected memory location, the changeover switch 50 is activated in such a way that the output of an enable signal is interrupted or ended. A corresponding signal from the switch 50 can be used to initialize the loss timer 54.
  • the signals transmitted by the user terminal 2 and passed on via the skin of a user can also include signals indicating control codes. These signals are converted by the signal receiver 28 into corresponding control commands and the reception register ter 44 controlled accordingly.
  • a signal sequence which specifies authoritative data comprises control commands which define a desired function to be carried out by the signal receiver 28 and a memory location of the correspondence register 46, and an identifier which a user of the user terminal 2 as characterized by authorized users.
  • the memory location to be selected in the correspondence register 46 is defined by means of an address, the comparator 48 comparing the content of the memory location of the correspondence register 46 thus defined with the identifier. If a correspondence between the identifier and the data stored in the selected memory location of the correspondence register 46 is determined, the signal receiver 28 carries out the function defined in the received signals from the user terminal 2.
  • Such a control command can indicate, for example, that if a match is found using the comparator 48, the changeover switch outputs an enable signal required for operating a device or a machine.
  • the address of the signals transmitted by the user terminal 2 specifies a memory location of the correspondence register 46 in which no data can yet be stored, using a
  • Control codes of the user terminal 2 or under control of the signal receiver 28, the received identifier are stored.
  • This operation of the signal receiver 28, also referred to as teach-in mode, makes it possible to check the authorization of further user terminals 2.
  • This sequence and the procedure described above for checking the authorization of a user can also be carried out for a plurality of signal receivers 28 which receive signals from a user terminal 2. In this way, multiple devices, even at the same time, can be released for an authorized user. Furthermore, it can thus be checked, for example, whether a user of a device touches it or comes close to it at predetermined points which have at least signal receivers 28 assigned to interface units 30. This increases operational safety because the user can only use the device if, for example, specified operating elements are actuated and / or a predetermined posture or position is adopted.
  • a signal receiver 28 can receive authoritative data from a plurality of user terminals 2. In this way, it can be checked whether a machine to be operated by several people is operated by a predetermined number of people and whether they are authorized to do so. To ensure that the device is operated by an authorized person and complies with the safety regulations, e.g. wearing a helmet, a user terminal 2 carried by the user and a user terminal 2 arranged on the helmet can be used. Device operation is only released if the signal receiver 28 receives authoritative data from both user terminals 2 and their verification has been successful.
  • the invention enables, in the case of a portable electric hand tool that requires handling with two hands for safety reasons, for example a heavy drilling machine, that a signal receiver 28 or receiving devices of a signal receiver 28 are arranged on each handle, and that these are switched and are programmed so that the device operation is released on both handles only when the signals transmitted by the user terminal 2 are received. It is also possible to arrange a user terminal 2 in one handle of the portable electric hand tool and a signal receiver 28 in the other handle. Only when the user has both handles covered by his body - also protected by work gloves - is device operation enabled.
  • the or another signal receiver 28 at least its components used to receive the signals of the user terminal 2, can be arranged in one area that may pose a hazard to the operator when operating a device (e.g. rotating device components, cutting edges, knives, etc.) If a person operating the device approaches or touches this area, signals from the user terminal 2 are sent by the other person Receiving signal receiver 28.
  • a device e.g. rotating device components, cutting edges, knives, etc.
  • the operation of a device used with it can be controlled by means of the signal receiver 28 in such a way that a hazard to the operator is avoided, for example by switching off the device in danger areas of a device or are allowed to carry out activities there, and a distinction is made between unauthorized persons who have an "emergency shutdown" of the device if they are too close or in a hazardous area.
  • the use of a plurality of user terminals 2 in connection with a signal receiver 28 and a plurality of signal receivers 28 in connection with a user terminal 2 is explained in more detail using the following table Tab. 3.
  • Tab. 3 illustrates how signal sequences from three user terminals 2 (1), 2 (2), 2 (3) control three signal receivers 28 (1), 28 (2) and 28 (3):
  • the signal frequencies listed in Tab. 3 all include the control command "Set", which indicates that the receivers 28 (1), 28 (2) and 28 (3) if an identifier matches the data of a selected memory location of the respective correspondence register 46 should issue release signals.
  • the number after the control command "Set” indicates the storage space to be selected in the respective correspondence register 46.
  • the following letters serve to illustrate user terminals 2 (1), 2 (2) and 2 (3) authoritative identifiers.
  • the signal receivers 28 (1), 28 (2) and 28 (3) "ABC" compared. Since only the signal receiver 28 (1) has a match, only this signal receiver outputs an enable signal. In contrast, the signal receivers send "Set 9, KLM" at a signal frequency transmitted by the user terminal 2 (2) 28 (2) and 28 (3) generates an enable signal since their memory locations with the number 9 in the corresponding correspondence registers 46 have the identifier "KLM".
  • a device it is not necessary for a device to be monitored to be equipped with a signal receiver 28. Rather, it is possible to transmit the authoritative data transmitted by a user terminal 2 via an electrical device 56 (through direct contact or capacitive / inductive coupling) and a power line 58 to a signal receiver 28 which, for example, inductively by means of a device 60 the mains cable is coupled. If, as described above, it is determined that a user is authorized to use the electrical device 56, the power supply of the device 56 via the power line 58 is released under the control of the signal receiver 28, e.g. by means of a controllable switch 62.
  • a signal receiver 28 can be used to check whether all persons using the devices are authorized to do so. If it is determined for at least one user that he is not authorized to use a device, the entire power supply of all devices is automatically switched off. In a configuration in which the identification of an authorized user already leads to the activation of the energy supply, it is not possible for other devices to be put into operation by unauthorized users. It is also possible to check which devices are being operated in this way. If, in addition to the authoritative data, data sent by user terminals also include data that identify their users, it is also possible to determine which user is operating which device. FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a power tool 101 in the form of a schematic representation, which comprises a machine housing 102.
  • the power tool 101 further comprises an electric motor 103, which can be operated in a power-controlled, speed-controlled or speed-controlled manner via a power control device 104, which is schematically indicated here as a transistor.
  • the power tool 101 is provided with a first handle device 5 and a second handle device 106.
  • the first handle device 105 is a side handle device that is selectively detachably coupled to the machine housing 102.
  • the second handle device 106 is a machine handle device integrated in the machine housing 102. The arrangement is such that when the first handle device is removed, the power spectrum of the power tool is restricted. (e.g. no operation possible in the 1st gear, reduced maximum output)
  • the first handle device 105 comprises a handle outer surface 107 for providing a palm-rest area.
  • a first pressure-sensitive zone 108 is formed in the region of the palm-side support section, for generating a switching signal that is indicative of the grip position of the handle.
  • This first pressure-sensitive zone 108 forms part of a fluid chamber system 109, the pressure-sensitive zone 8 comprising an elastically deformable pressure chamber wall 110.
  • the pressure chamber wall 110 is made of an elastomer material and forms part of the outer surface 107 of the handle.
  • the fluid chamber system 109 is filled with a viscous fluid.
  • the fluid filling of the fluid chamber system 109 communicates with a switching device 111 designed here as an on / off switch. This switching device 111 assumes the on or off state as a function of a grip holding force exerted on the first pressure-sensitive zone 108.
  • the fluid chamber system 9 shown here further comprises an equalizing chamber 112, which communicates with a pressure switching chamber 113 located below the pressure-sensitive zone 108.
  • the compensation chamber 112 is arranged in this embodiment such that it is spaced from the pressure switching chamber 113.
  • the equalizing chamber 112, like the pressure switching chamber 113, is delimited by an elastically deformable chamber wall 114.
  • This elastically deformable chamber wall 114 of the compensating chamber 112 likewise extends in the region of the palm-side support section of the handle outer surface 107.
  • the arrangement of the two chambers 112, 113 relative to one another is such that when the handle device 5 is gripped as intended, a pressure force is exerted on the chamber wall 114 of the compensation chamber 112 as well as on the pressure-sensitive zone 108 of the pressure switching chamber by the palm of the hand.
  • the switching device 111 is coupled to a signal transmission device 115 for forwarding an indication of the handle grip state of the first handle device 105 signal.
  • the signal transmission device 115 comprises a frequency generator for generating a signal sequence, the latter being able to be coupled capacitively into the hand of a tool user gripping the first handle device 105 via coupling elements (not shown here in greater detail) on the basis of electrostatic interaction effects.
  • the electrical components accommodated in the first handle device 105 can be supplied with voltage via a memory device (for example battery) inserted in the handle device 105.
  • a memory device for example battery
  • the second handle device 106 which is permanently connected to the machine housing 102 in this exemplary embodiment, likewise comprises a pressure switching chamber 113 and a compensation chamber 114. Both chambers 113, 114 are likewise delimited in sections by elastically deformable walls 110, 114. This also makes it possible to generate indicative signals with regard to the gripping state of the second grip device 106.
  • the pressure switching chamber 113 of the second handle device 106 also communicates with a switching device 111, which is likewise designed here as an on / off switch.
  • the switching signal provided by the switching device 111 assigned to the second handle device 6 is applied to a decoder device 17 via a switching signal line 116.
  • the decoder device 117 is in signal connection with the power control device 104 via a controller signal line 18.
  • the power control device 104 is connected to a pressure sensor 120 via a further input signal line 19.
  • the pressure sensor 120 wi- in turn communicates with the fluid chamber system 109 provided by the compensation chamber 112 and the pressure switching chamber 113. 1
  • the pressure sensor 120 and the switching device 111 are calibrated in such a way that the electric motor 103 can only be operated when a predetermined minimum holding force exerted on the second handle device 106 is exceeded.
  • the switching device 111 is designed in such a way that it only provides an output signal indicative of this when a minimum holding force is exceeded. If this output signal is present, the decoder device 117 switches to a switching state which allows power consumption of the electric motor 103 to be controlled by the power control device 4.
  • the power control device 104 controls the power consumption of the electric motor 103 as a function of the signal present on the input signal line 119.
  • This signal is provided by the pressure sensor 120.
  • the pressure sensor 120 can be constructed in such a way that it provides the power control signal present on the input line 119 as an analog signal.
  • the circuit arrangement described above is particularly suitable for carrying out the speed or power control of a drilling machine.
  • the drill is first gripped on the machine housing 102 and equipped with a drill.
  • the drilling machine is then gripped by a machine user on the first handle device 105 and on the second handle device 106.
  • the pressure-sensitive zones 8 of the two handle devices are loaded.
  • the two switching devices 111 are each pressurized.
  • the two switching devices 111 are configured in such a way that they only deliver an output signal that is indicative of the presence of the minimum holding force mentioned when a minimum holding force applied to the respective grip device 105, 106 is exceeded.
  • the minimum holding force is preferably determined in such a way that it is only reached when the holding forces exerted on the two grip devices 105, 106 exceed the weight of the drilling machine by a predetermined value. If the holding force exerted on the first handle device 105 exceeds this predetermined value, the signal transmission device 115 is activated via the switching device 111.
  • the signal transmission device is connected to signal coupling elements, not shown here, via which, on the basis of capacitive interaction effects, a signal provided by the signal transmission device 115 can be coupled into the hand of the tool user gripping the first grip device 105.
  • the signals coupled into the user in this way reach the second handle device 106 via the tool user.
  • this second handle device 106 In the area of this second handle device 106, when a minimum holding force defined by the switching device 111 is exceeded, the decoder device 117 becomes the one via the second handle device 106 encompassing hand supplied to the tool user's signal. If in the area of the decoder device 117 a predefined signal input which takes account of criteria is recognized, the power control device 104 enters a state which can be operated in accordance with a signal provided by the pressure sensor 120. The signal provided by the pressure sensor 120 is determined by the holding forces applied to the second handle device 106. High holding forces lead, for example, to a higher power consumption of the electric motor 3.
  • the holding forces exerted on the second handle device 106 are therefore increased until the drill of the drilling machine rotates at the desired drilling speed.
  • the grip holding force exerted on the second grip device 106 is metered in accordance with the desired drill speeds during the drilling process.
  • the activation of the drilling tool is only possible if both the first handle device 105 and the second handle device 106 are properly gripped.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b show a position detection device which can be integrated in particular into the handle devices described in connection with FIG. 8.
  • the position detection device comprises a float 121 accommodated in a float chamber 122.
  • the float 121 assumes different float positions depending on the orientation of the float chamber 122 in this. These float positions can be detected via measuring lines 123, 124, 125.
  • a signal that is indicative of the position of the float 121 in the float chamber 122 can be derived from the potential differences between the measurement lines 123, 124, 125. This potential difference between the measurement lines 123, 124, 125 can be brought about in particular by the float chamber 122 being filled with a conductive liquid and the float forming a displacer for changing the line cross section provided by the liquid.
  • the float can be designed as a hollow body. It is also possible to provide only a gas bubble instead of the float in the chamber 122.
  • the course of the wall of the chamber 122 can be selected such that higher angular resolutions are achieved with a certain orientation of the chamber 122 than with other orientations. It is possible to provide the chamber 122 provided here for detecting the machine orientation through the chambers 112, 113 described above in connection with FIG. 8.
  • the device for detecting the machine alignment shown in FIGS. 9a and 2b can be arranged in such a way that it supports a horizontal or vertical alignment of the drilling machine.
  • the handles which are preferably made of a flexible material, for example rubber or silicone rubber, there are at least one pressure chamber and a compensation chamber connected to it, which are filled with a preferably conductive liquid (water with anti-freeze additive).
  • the pressure chamber is connected to a pressure switch.
  • the compensation chamber fills without the pressure switch being actuated.
  • the switch is only activated when pressure is also exerted on the compensation chamber.
  • an AC voltage with a fixed frequency eg 300 khz
  • enters the conductive liquid in the side handle In the main handle of the machine there is the same arrangement with a pressure switch, but a sound decoder is attached to this, which is set to the frequency of the side handle.
  • the frequency is capacitively passed through the skin from the side handle to the sound decoder. This creates a switch-on state for the motor of the machine until the capacitive AC circuit is opened (eg by releasing a handle). If the AC voltage emerges in the side handle on the finger side, i.e. opposite the palm rest, the machine cannot be started by taping the handle tightly with adhesive tape.
  • a pressure sensor in the main handle e.g. a strain gauge
  • the machine will go back to a lower speed due to a lack of pressure.
  • the invention allows a "soft start" in a simple manner in order to avoid strong angular momentum.
  • the liquid also dampens the impacts on the hand bones, which allows longer fatigue-free work.
  • it is possible to use the liquid to the working position of the machine In particular when a displacement float system is arranged in a side grip device.

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  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de prévention d'accidents lors de l'utilisation d'appareils, composé d'un terminal utilisateur comportant une unité de sortie destinée à la transmission de signaux contenant des données utilisateur d'autorisation, par l'intermédiaire du corps d'un utilisateur, d'un récepteur de signaux devant être affecté à au moins un appareil, comportant une unité interface destinée à recevoir les signaux transmis par l'intermédiaire du corps de l'utilisateur, d'unités destinées à contrôler les données utilisateur d'autorisation reçues, et d'unités destinées à produire un signal d'autorisation en cas de contrôle réussi des données utilisateur d'autorisation reçues.
PCT/EP2003/002080 2002-07-19 2003-02-28 Systeme et procede de prevention d'accidents Ceased WO2004010387A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/522,434 US7982624B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2003-02-28 System and method for accident prevention
EP03764913A EP1535247B1 (fr) 2002-07-19 2003-02-28 Systeme de prevention d'accidents
AT03764913T ATE475156T1 (de) 2002-07-19 2003-02-28 System zur unfallverhütung
DE50312907T DE50312907D1 (de) 2002-07-19 2003-02-28 System zur unfallverhütung
AU2003211727A AU2003211727A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2003-02-28 System and method for accident prevention

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10232934A DE10232934A1 (de) 2002-07-19 2002-07-19 Handgriffeinrichtung sowie Sicherheitsschaltungsanordnung insbesondere für ein kraftbetriebenes Werkzeug
DE10232934.6 2002-07-19

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WO2004010387A1 true WO2004010387A1 (fr) 2004-01-29

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US (1) US7982624B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1535247B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE475156T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003211727A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10232934A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004010387A1 (fr)

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EP1187375A1 (fr) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-13 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Système de transmission de données utilisant un corps humain comme voie de transmission de signaux

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GB2410205B (en) * 2004-01-22 2006-03-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Handle with detection device
WO2009013045A1 (fr) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système de gestion d'outils
DE102007035095A1 (de) 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Werkzeugmanagementsystem
DE102009007559B4 (de) * 2009-02-04 2017-07-06 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg Antriebssystem, Mehrfachantriebssystem, Verfahren zum Überprüfen eines Antriebssystems oder Mehrfachantriebssystems, Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme einer Maschine, Maschine mit einem Antriebssystem oder Mehrfachantriebssystem, Computerprogramm und –produkt
DE102009007559A1 (de) * 2009-02-04 2010-08-12 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Sicheres Antriebssystem und Verfahren zur Sicherung eines Antriebssystems
WO2011047976A1 (fr) * 2009-10-23 2011-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Logique de détecteurs de protection pour machine-outil électrique portative
WO2012013274A1 (fr) * 2010-07-27 2012-02-02 Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH & Co. KG Outil de travail guidé à la main comportant un dispositif d'identification d'opérateur
EP2460623A3 (fr) * 2010-12-06 2017-06-14 Andreas Stihl AG & Co. KG Appareil de travail manuel doté d'une puissance commutable
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Publication number Publication date
EP1535247B1 (fr) 2010-07-21
DE50312907D1 (de) 2010-09-02
DE10232934A1 (de) 2004-01-29
US7982624B2 (en) 2011-07-19
EP1535247A1 (fr) 2005-06-01
US20060208577A1 (en) 2006-09-21
ATE475156T1 (de) 2010-08-15
AU2003211727A1 (en) 2004-02-09

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