WO2003016810A1 - Method and device for preventing the formation of a gas film in an evaporation area in a double phase cooling system - Google Patents
Method and device for preventing the formation of a gas film in an evaporation area in a double phase cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003016810A1 WO2003016810A1 PCT/DE2002/002606 DE0202606W WO03016810A1 WO 2003016810 A1 WO2003016810 A1 WO 2003016810A1 DE 0202606 W DE0202606 W DE 0202606W WO 03016810 A1 WO03016810 A1 WO 03016810A1
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- evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/16—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying an electrostatic field to the body of the heat-exchange medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/10—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by imparting a pulsating motion to the flow, e.g. by sonic vibration
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone of a two-phase cooling system and to an apparatus for performing the method.
- a two-phase cooling system heat is removed by evaporating a working fluid.
- Such two-phase cooling systems generally consist of an evaporator and condenser zone for introducing and removing heat into and out of this system.
- the heat of vaporization of a working fluid usually hydrocarbons with fluorine and / or chlorine components, which is in contact with a surface to be cooled, is used to absorb the heat to be dissipated.
- the resulting amount of gas is in the form of bubbles due to buoyancy and / or flows of liquid from the
- the evaporation process is one of the main restrictions, since at high power densities there is a risk of drying out, ie a gas film is formed which prevents further liquid from coming into contact with the surface to be cooled. Film boiling occurs above a quantity of heat to be dissipated of 10 to 20 W / cm 2 . In contrast, in today's power electronics applications, a heat of up to 300 W / cm 2 . For this reason, measures to spread heat are currently essential before the heat can be transferred to the cooling medium. The most common example is the copper base plate for power modules, where an area spread factor of typically 5 to 10 is achieved. With increasing packing density and total area of the silicon chips one reaches the limits of the metallic heat conduction, ie it is at most possible to keep the resulting temperature gradients within limits with a high expenditure of material.
- a heat pipe which is divided into two channels by means of a profiled sheet, namely a steam channel and a liquid channel.
- a diaphragm is arranged in the fluid channel, the so-called artery, which takes up part of the cross-sectional area of this channel.
- a cage is arranged in the downstream direction, which consists of a wire mesh.
- the total flow of this medium is divided into two partial flows, one of which continues to flow freely in its original direction of flow, while the other is sharply deflected behind the orifice and thus gets into the cage.
- This second sub-stream also contains practically all vapor or gas bubbles that are contained in the incoming liquid.
- Bubble traps of this type can also be installed at several points in the artery. If the heat pipe consists of several partial elements, for example, it is advantageous to arrange it at the beginning of each partial element. In addition, such a bubble trap can also be arranged at the inlet of the evaporator. With this heat pipe, a completely automatic shutdown of existing gas or vapor bubbles is reached without having to interrupt the operation.
- a disadvantage of this device is that there must always be a flow direction of the working fluid so that the so-called bubble traps can be placed correctly in the fluid channel.
- the installation of this device is always associated with a constructive intervention in the heat pipe.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a method and a device for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone of a two-phase cooling system which is inexpensive and inexpensive.
- the working fluid of the two-phase cooling system is enriched with floating particles in such a way that a suspension is formed. These floating particles create a movement on the surface of the evaporator to be cooled with the resulting vapor bubbles in such a way that a continuous gas film can no longer form. This eliminates the risk of dehydration with little effort and at low cost.
- permanent magnetic particles are used as particles, these can be set in motion with the aid of electromagnetic vibrations which are coupled into the evaporator zone in such a way that no coherent gas film can form on the surface of the evaporator to be cooled.
- electromagnetic vibrations are coupled in here instead of mechanical vibrations.
- At least one converter is required in each case, which generates an electromechanical or an electromagnetic vibration.
- These converters are attached to the outside of the evaporator of the two-phase cooling system, with no structural intervention in the evaporator being necessary. Since these converters are installed outside the evaporator, existing two-phase cooling systems, in which the risk of drying out has increased, can be retrofitted. Since commercially available ultrasound transducers can be used in particular for the electromechanical transducer, this device for carrying out the method is not only inexpensive but also very inexpensive.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the device for
- FIG. 3 shows the use of the device according to FIG. 1 in a flat heat pipe, in which
- FIG. 4 illustrates the use of the device according to FIG. 1 in a sieve bath vessel. 1 shows only one evaporator 2 of a thermosiphon for clarity.
- a thermosiphon cooling system has an evaporator, a condenser and two tubes 4 and 6.
- the tube 4 connects the evaporator 2 on the steam side to the condenser, which in turn is connected to the evaporator 2 by means of the tube 6 on the liquid side.
- a surface 8 of the evaporator 2 has a power semiconductor module 10 which contains a plurality of chips 12.
- the copper base plate 14, a heat-insulating layer 16 and the module housing 18 are also shown.
- the power loss generated by the power semiconductor module 10 is to be dissipated with the evaporator 2 of the thermosiphon cooling system.
- the heat of vaporization of a working liquid 20 which is in contact with the surface 8 to be cooled is used to absorb the heat to be removed.
- the resulting amount of gas is removed in the form of gas bubbles 22 from the liquid-filled evaporator 2.
- the evaporator zone If in the area of the surface 8 to be cooled, which is also referred to as the evaporator zone, there are so many gas bubbles 22 at high power densities that cover this surface 8 to be cooled, no further liquid can come into contact with the surface 8 to be cooled. That is, this surface 8 to be cooled is covered with a gas film, which creates the risk of drying out.
- At least one electromechanical oscillation in the ultrasonic frequency range is coupled into the evaporator zone of the evaporator 2.
- at least one electromechanical transducer 24 is attached to the evaporator 2 in such a way that the coupled-in electromechanical vibrations sets the liquid in the evaporator zone in such a way that, despite the formation of large bubbles, no coherent gas film can form.
- an electromechanical converter 24 an ultra sound converter used, which is glued to the outside of the evaporator 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the device for carrying out the method according to the invention, likewise in a thermosiphon cooling system. 1 to 4, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
- the working fluid 20 of the thermosiphon cooling system is enriched with permanent magnetic particles 26 in such a way that a suspension is formed. Ferrite particles, for example, are used as permanent magnetic particles 26.
- the electromechanical transducer 24 has been replaced by a transducer 28 for generating a time-varying magnetic field. This time-varying magnetic field acts on the permanent magnetic particles 26 in such a way that they are set in motion. These movements are illustrated by arrows on the particles 26.
- the time-varying movements of the particles 26 in the evaporation zone ensure that no coherent gas film can form even when there are increased bubbles.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the use of the device according to FIG. 1 in a boiling bath vessel 32.
- the power semiconductor modules 10 to be cooled are arranged together with cooling sockets 34 in a clamping assembly in the working fluid 20.
- the gas bubbles 22 form at these cooling sockets 34. So that the cooling sockets 34 are not each covered with a coherent gas film, they are each provided with an electromechanical converter 24.
- the liquid in the evaporator zone of the cooling box 34 is kept in motion in such a way that no coherent gas films can form.
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Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung eines Gasfilms in einer Verdampferzone eines Zweiphasen-KühlsystemsMethod and device for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone of a two-phase cooling system
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Vermeidung eines Gasfilms in einer Verdampferzone eines Zweiphasen- Kühlsystems und auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens .The invention relates to a method for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone of a two-phase cooling system and to an apparatus for performing the method.
Bei einem Zweiphasen-Kühlsystem wird mittels Verdampfung einer Arbeitsflüssigkeit Wärme abgeführt. Generell bestehen derartige Zweiphasen-Kühlsysteme aus einer Verdampfer- und Kondenserzone zur Einbringung und Abfuhr von Wärme in und aus diesem System. Dabei wird die Verdampfungswärme einer Arbeitsflüssigkeit, meist Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Fluor und/oder Chloranteilen, die mit einer zu kühlenden Oberfläche in Kontakt steht, genutzt, um eine abzuführende Wärme aufzunehmen. Die dabei entstandene Gasmenge wird in Form von Blasen durch Auftrieb und/oder Strömungen der Flüssigkeit aus dem mitIn a two-phase cooling system, heat is removed by evaporating a working fluid. Such two-phase cooling systems generally consist of an evaporator and condenser zone for introducing and removing heat into and out of this system. The heat of vaporization of a working fluid, usually hydrocarbons with fluorine and / or chlorine components, which is in contact with a surface to be cooled, is used to absorb the heat to be dissipated. The resulting amount of gas is in the form of bubbles due to buoyancy and / or flows of liquid from the
Flüssigkeit gefüllten Bereich entfernt. Meist wird die entweichende Gasmenge in einem geschlossenen Kühlsystem zurückgeführt, indem das Gas an einem kalten Bereich des Kühlsystems, dem sogenannten Kondenserbereich, kondensiert wird. Je- der Teilprozess des Kreislaufes - Abfuhr der Blasen vom Entstehungsort zum Kondenser, Kondensation, Rückfluss der kondensierten Flüssigkeit zum Verdampfer - unterliegt gewissen Grenzen im Bezug auf die abführbare Wärmemenge.Liquid filled area removed. The escaping gas quantity is usually returned in a closed cooling system by condensing the gas on a cold area of the cooling system, the so-called condenser area. Each sub-process of the cycle - removal of the bubbles from the point of origin to the condenser, condensation, backflow of the condensed liquid to the evaporator - is subject to certain limits with regard to the amount of heat that can be removed.
Der Verdampfungsprozess stellt eine der wesentlichen Einschränkungen dar, da bei hohen Leistungsdichten die Gefahr einer Austrocknung besteht, d.h., es entsteht ein Gasfilm, der verhindert, dass weitere Flüssigkeit in Kontakt mit der zu kühlenden Oberfläche gelangen kann. Oberhalb einer abzu- führenden Wärmemenge von 10 bis 20 W/cm2 stellt sich das Filmsieden ein. Demgegenüber entstehen bei heutigen leistungselektronischen Anwendungen am Entstehungsort eine Ver- lustwärme von bis zu 300 W/cm2. Deshalb sind derzeit Maßnahme zur Wärmespreizung unabdingbar, bevor die Übergabe der Wärme in das Kühlmedium erfolgen kann. Das gebräuchlichste Beispiel besteht in der Kupfer-Bodenplatte bei Leistungsmodulen, wo ein Flächenspreizungsfaktor von typischer Weise 5 bis 10 erzielt wird. Mit zunehmender Packungsdichte und Gesamtfläche der Siliziumchips stößt man an die Grenzen der metallischen Wärmeleitung, d.h. es ist allenfalls mit hohen Materialaufwand möglich, die resultierenden Temperaturgradienten in Grenzen zu halten.The evaporation process is one of the main restrictions, since at high power densities there is a risk of drying out, ie a gas film is formed which prevents further liquid from coming into contact with the surface to be cooled. Film boiling occurs above a quantity of heat to be dissipated of 10 to 20 W / cm 2 . In contrast, in today's power electronics applications, a heat of up to 300 W / cm 2 . For this reason, measures to spread heat are currently essential before the heat can be transferred to the cooling medium. The most common example is the copper base plate for power modules, where an area spread factor of typically 5 to 10 is achieved. With increasing packing density and total area of the silicon chips one reaches the limits of the metallic heat conduction, ie it is at most possible to keep the resulting temperature gradients within limits with a high expenditure of material.
Aus der DE 42 40 082 Cl ist ein Wärmerohr bekannt, das mittels eines Profilblechs in zwei Kanäle unterteilt ist, nämlich einem Dampfkanal und einem Flüssigkeitskanal. Im Flüs- sigkeitskanal, der sogenannten Arterie, ist eine Blende angeordnet, die einen Teil der Querschnittsfläche dieses Kanals einnimmt. Mit einem geringen Abstand hinter der Blende ist in stromabwärtiger Richtung ein Käfig angeordnet, der aus einem Drahtgeflecht besteht. An der Blende wird der Gesamtstrom dieses Mediums in zwei Teilströme aufgeteilt, von denen der eine ungehindert in seiner ursprünglichen Strömungsrichtung weiterfließt, während der andere hinter der Blende scharf umgelenkt wird und dadurch in den Käfig gelangt. Dieser zweite Teilstrom enthält auch praktisch alle Dampf- oder Gasblasen, die in der anströmenden Flüssigkeit enthalten sind. Die mit der Flüssigkeitsströmung in den Käfig beförderten Blasen werden dort festgehalten, da aufgrund der höheren Oberflächenspannung die Poren des Käfigs für das Gas nicht durchlässig sind, wohl aber für die im stromabwärtigen Bereich des Käfigs wieder aus diesem ausströmende Flüssigkeit. Derartige Blasenfallen können auch an mehreren Stellen der Arterie eingebaut werden. Sofern das Wärmerohr beispielsweise aus mehreren Teilelementen besteht, ist es vorteilhaft, sie am Beginn jedes Teilelements anzuordnen. Zusätzlich kann eine solche Bla- senfalle auch am Eingang des Verdampfers angeordnet werden. Somit wird bei diesem Wärmerohr eine völlig selbsttätige Ab- sausung vorhandener Gas- oder Dampfblasen erreicht, ohne dass hierfür eine Betriebsunterbrechung erforderlich ist.From DE 42 40 082 Cl a heat pipe is known which is divided into two channels by means of a profiled sheet, namely a steam channel and a liquid channel. A diaphragm is arranged in the fluid channel, the so-called artery, which takes up part of the cross-sectional area of this channel. At a short distance behind the screen, a cage is arranged in the downstream direction, which consists of a wire mesh. At the orifice, the total flow of this medium is divided into two partial flows, one of which continues to flow freely in its original direction of flow, while the other is sharply deflected behind the orifice and thus gets into the cage. This second sub-stream also contains practically all vapor or gas bubbles that are contained in the incoming liquid. The bubbles conveyed into the cage with the flow of liquid are held there because, due to the higher surface tension, the pores of the cage are not permeable to the gas, but rather to the liquid flowing out of the latter in the downstream area of the cage. Bubble traps of this type can also be installed at several points in the artery. If the heat pipe consists of several partial elements, for example, it is advantageous to arrange it at the beginning of each partial element. In addition, such a bubble trap can also be arranged at the inlet of the evaporator. With this heat pipe, a completely automatic shutdown of existing gas or vapor bubbles is reached without having to interrupt the operation.
Nachteilig bei dieser Vorrichtung ist, dass immer eine Strömungsrichtung der Arbeitsflüssigkeit vorliegen muss, damit die sogenannten Blasenfallen im Flüssigkeitskanal richtig platziert werden können. Außerdem ist die Installation dieser Vorrichtung immer mit einem konstruktiven Eingriff in das Wärmerohr verbunden.A disadvantage of this device is that there must always be a flow direction of the working fluid so that the so-called bubble traps can be placed correctly in the fluid channel. In addition, the installation of this device is always associated with a constructive intervention in the heat pipe.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung eines Gasfilms in einer Verdampferzone eines Zweiphasen-Kühlsystems anzugeben, das kostengünstig und aufwandsarm ist.The invention is based on the object of specifying a method and a device for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone of a two-phase cooling system which is inexpensive and inexpensive.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 2 gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 2, respectively.
Dadurch, dass mechanische Schwingungen im Ultraschallfre- quenzbereich in der Verdampfungszone eingekoppelt werden, wird die Arbeitsflüssigkeit in der Verdampferzone derart in Bewegung versetzt, dass sich kein zusammenhängender Gasfilm mehr an der zu kühlenden Oberfläche des Verdampfers mehr bilden kann. Diese Einkopplung von mechanischen Schwingungen in die Verdampferzone erfolgt ohne einen konstruktiven Eingriff in das Zweiphasen-Kühlsystems. Dieses Verfahren kann auch nachträglich bei bestehenden Zweiphasen-Kühlsystemen ohne großen Aufwand kostengünstig angewendet werden.Due to the fact that mechanical vibrations in the ultrasound frequency range are coupled into the evaporation zone, the working liquid in the evaporator zone is set in motion in such a way that a coherent gas film can no longer form on the surface of the evaporator to be cooled. This coupling of mechanical vibrations into the evaporator zone takes place without any design intervention in the two-phase cooling system. This method can also be used retrospectively in existing two-phase cooling systems without great expense.
Bei einem weiteren Verfahren wird die Arbeitsflüssigkeit des Zweiphasen-Kühlsystems derart mit schwebenden Partikeln angereichert, dass eine Suspension entsteht. Durch diese schwebenden Partikel wird an der zu kühlenden Oberfläche des Verdampfers mit den entstehenden Dampfblasen derart eine Bewe- gung erzeugt, dass sich kein zusammenhängender Gasfilm mehr bilden kann. Damit ist die Gefahr einer Austrocknung aufwandsarm und kostengünstig gebannt. Werden als Partikeln permanentmagnetische Partikel verwendet, so können diese mit Hilfe elektromagnetischer Schwingungen, die in die Verdampferzone eingekoppelt werden, derart in Bewegung gebracht werden, dass sich kein zusammenhängender Gas- film an der zu kühlenden Oberfläche des Verdampfers bilden kann. Im Gegensatz zum Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 werden hier anstelle von mechanischen Schwingungen elektromagnetische Schwingungen eingekoppelt.In another method, the working fluid of the two-phase cooling system is enriched with floating particles in such a way that a suspension is formed. These floating particles create a movement on the surface of the evaporator to be cooled with the resulting vapor bubbles in such a way that a continuous gas film can no longer form. This eliminates the risk of dehydration with little effort and at low cost. If permanent magnetic particles are used as particles, these can be set in motion with the aid of electromagnetic vibrations which are coupled into the evaporator zone in such a way that no coherent gas film can form on the surface of the evaporator to be cooled. In contrast to the method according to claim 1, electromagnetic vibrations are coupled in here instead of mechanical vibrations.
Zur Durchführung dieser beiden Verfahren wird jeweils wenigstens ein Wandler benötigt, der eine elektromechanische bzw. eine elektromagnetische Schwingung erzeugt. Diese Wandler werden außen am Verdampfer des Zweiphasen-Kühlsystems angebracht, wobei kein konstruktiver Eingriff in den Verdampfer von Nöten ist. Da diese Wandler außerhalb des Verdampfers angebracht sind, können bestehende Zweiphasen-Kühlsysteme, bei denen die Gefahr einer Austrocknung gestiegen ist, nachgerüstet werden. Da insbesondere für den elektromechanischen Wandler handelsübliche Ultraschallwandler verwendet werden kön- nen, ist diese Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nicht nur aufwandsarm sondern auch sehr kostengünstig.To carry out these two methods, at least one converter is required in each case, which generates an electromechanical or an electromagnetic vibration. These converters are attached to the outside of the evaporator of the two-phase cooling system, with no structural intervention in the evaporator being necessary. Since these converters are installed outside the evaporator, existing two-phase cooling systems, in which the risk of drying out has increased, can be retrofitted. Since commercially available ultrasound transducers can be used in particular for the electromechanical transducer, this device for carrying out the method is not only inexpensive but also very inexpensive.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnung Bezug genommen, in der mehrere Ausführungsformen einer Vor- richtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens schematisch veranschaulicht sind.To further explain the invention, reference is made to the drawing, in which several embodiments of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention are schematically illustrated.
FIG 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zur1 shows a first embodiment of the device for
Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bei einem Thermosiphon, dieImplementation of the method according to the invention in a thermosiphon
FIG 2 zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zur2 shows a second embodiment of the device for
Durchführung des zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bei einem Thermosiphon, und in der FIG 3 ist die Anwendung der Vorrichtung nach FIG 1 bei einer flachen heatpipe dargestellt, wobei in derImplementation of the second method according to the invention in a thermosiphon, and FIG. 3 shows the use of the device according to FIG. 1 in a flat heat pipe, in which
FIG 4 die Anwendung der Vorrichtung nach FIG 1 bei einem Sie- debadgefäß veranschaulicht ist. In der FIG 1 ist wegen der Übersichtlichkeit nur ein Verdampfer 2 eines Thermosiphons näher dargestellt. Gemäß der internationalen Offenlegungsschrift WO 99/60709 bzw. der US- Patentschrift 5,953,930 weist ein Thermosiphon-Kühlsystem ei- nen Verdampfer, einen Kondenser und zwei Rohre 4 und 6 auf. Das Rohr 4 verbindet den Verdampfer 2 dampfseitig mit dem Kondenser der wiederum mittels des Rohres 6 flüssigkeitssei- tig mit dem Verdampfer 2 verbunden ist. Eine Oberfläche 8 des Verdampfers 2 weist ein Leistungshalbleitermodul 10 auf, das mehrere Chips 12 beinhaltet. Von diesem Leistungshalbleitermodul 10 ist außerdem die Kupfer-Bodenplatte 14, eine gut wärmeleitende Isolierschicht 16 und das Modulgehäuse 18 dargestellt. Die vom Leistungshalbleitermodul 10 erzeugte Verlustleistung soll mit dem Verdampfer 2 des Thermosiphon- Kühlsystem abgeführt werden. Wie eingangs bereits erläutert, wird die Verdampfungswärme einer Arbeitsflüssigkeit 20, die mit der zu kühlenden Oberfläche 8 in Kontakt steht, genutzt, um die abzuführende Wärme aufzunehmen. Die entstehende Gasmenge wird in Form von Gasblasen 22 aus dem mit Flüssigkeit gefüllten Verdampfer 2 entfernt. Wenn im Bereich der zu kühlenden Oberfläche 8, die auch als Verdampferzone bezeichnet wird, bei hohen Leistungsdichten so viele Gasblasen 22 entstehen, die diese zu kühlende Oberfläche 8 zusammenhängend bedecken, so kann keine weitere Flüssigkeit in Kontakt mit der zu kühlenden Oberfläche 8 treten. D.h., diese zu kühlende Oberfläche 8 ist mit einem Gasfilm überzogen, wodurch die Gefahr einer Austrocknung besteht.FIG. 4 illustrates the use of the device according to FIG. 1 in a sieve bath vessel. 1 shows only one evaporator 2 of a thermosiphon for clarity. According to international laid-open specification WO 99/60709 and US Pat. No. 5,953,930, a thermosiphon cooling system has an evaporator, a condenser and two tubes 4 and 6. The tube 4 connects the evaporator 2 on the steam side to the condenser, which in turn is connected to the evaporator 2 by means of the tube 6 on the liquid side. A surface 8 of the evaporator 2 has a power semiconductor module 10 which contains a plurality of chips 12. Of this power semiconductor module 10, the copper base plate 14, a heat-insulating layer 16 and the module housing 18 are also shown. The power loss generated by the power semiconductor module 10 is to be dissipated with the evaporator 2 of the thermosiphon cooling system. As already explained at the beginning, the heat of vaporization of a working liquid 20 which is in contact with the surface 8 to be cooled is used to absorb the heat to be removed. The resulting amount of gas is removed in the form of gas bubbles 22 from the liquid-filled evaporator 2. If in the area of the surface 8 to be cooled, which is also referred to as the evaporator zone, there are so many gas bubbles 22 at high power densities that cover this surface 8 to be cooled, no further liquid can come into contact with the surface 8 to be cooled. That is, this surface 8 to be cooled is covered with a gas film, which creates the risk of drying out.
Um die Austrocknung zu verhindern, wird erfindungsgemäß we- nigstens eine elektromechanische Schwingung im Ultraschallfrequenzbereich in die Verdampferzone des Verdampfers 2 eingekoppelt. Dazu ist wenigstens ein elektromechanischer Wandler 24 derart an den Verdampfer 2 angebracht, dass die eingekoppelten elektromechanischen Schwingungen die Flüssigkeit in der Verdampferzone derart in Bewegung versetzt, dass sich trotz hoher Blasenbildung kein zusammenhängender Gasfilm bilden kann. Als elektromechanischer Wandler 24 wird ein Ultra- schallwandler verwendet, der außen auf den Verdampfer 2 geklebt wird. Diese elektromechanischen Wandler 24 werden aus einer nicht näher dargestellten Einrichtung elektrisch angeregt.In order to prevent drying out, at least one electromechanical oscillation in the ultrasonic frequency range is coupled into the evaporator zone of the evaporator 2. For this purpose, at least one electromechanical transducer 24 is attached to the evaporator 2 in such a way that the coupled-in electromechanical vibrations sets the liquid in the evaporator zone in such a way that, despite the formation of large bubbles, no coherent gas film can form. As an electromechanical converter 24, an ultra sound converter used, which is glued to the outside of the evaporator 2. These electromechanical transducers 24 are excited electrically from a device that is not shown in detail.
In der FIG 2 ist eine zweite Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ebenfalls bei einem Thermosiphon-Kühlsystem dargestellt. In den FIG 1 bis 4 sind gleiche Teile mit dem selben Bezugszeichen verse- hen. Gegenüber der Ausführungsform nach FIG 1, ist die Arbeitsflüssigkeit 20 des Thermosiphon-Kühlsystems mit permanentmagnetischen Partikeln 26 derart angereichert, dass eine Suspension entsteht. Als permanentmagnetische Partikel 26 werden beispielsweise Ferritpartikel verwendet. Außerdem ist der elektromechanische Wandler 24 durch einen Wandler 28 zur Erzeugung eines zeitveränderlichen Magnetfeldes ersetzt worden. Dieses zeitveränderlich Magnetfeld wirkt derart auf die permanentmagnetischen Partikel 26, dass diese in Bewegung gebracht werden. Diese Bewegungen sind durch Pfeile an den Par- tikeln 26 veranschaulicht. Durch die zeitveränderlichen Bewegungen der Partikeln 26 wird in der Verdampfungszone dafür gesorgt, dass selbst bei einer erhöhten Blasenbildung sich kein zusammenhängender Gasfilm bilden kann.FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the device for carrying out the method according to the invention, likewise in a thermosiphon cooling system. 1 to 4, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals. Compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the working fluid 20 of the thermosiphon cooling system is enriched with permanent magnetic particles 26 in such a way that a suspension is formed. Ferrite particles, for example, are used as permanent magnetic particles 26. In addition, the electromechanical transducer 24 has been replaced by a transducer 28 for generating a time-varying magnetic field. This time-varying magnetic field acts on the permanent magnetic particles 26 in such a way that they are set in motion. These movements are illustrated by arrows on the particles 26. The time-varying movements of the particles 26 in the evaporation zone ensure that no coherent gas film can form even when there are increased bubbles.
Werden keine permanentmagnetischen Partikel 26, sondern irgendwelche Partikel verwendet, die selbstschwebend in der Arbeitsflüssigkeit 20 sind, so stellt sich die Wirkung wie zuvor beschrieben ebenfalls ein. Der Unterschied liegt darin, dass kein Wandler 28 mehr benötigt wird. Die Partikel werden nun durch die Bewegung der Dampfblasen 22 in Bewegung versetzt. Dieser Vorgang ist nun nicht mehr gezielt sondern von der Anzahl der Dampfblasen 22 und deren Bewegung abhängig. Zur Steuerung des Verfahrens zur Vermeidung eines Gasfilms in einer Verdampferzone dient die Anzahl der Partikeln in der Arbeitsflüssigkeit 20. In der FIG 3 ist die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Vermeidung eines Gasfilms in einer Verdampferzone gemäß FIG 1 bei einer flachen heatpipe 30 dargestellt. Die Funktionsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hat sich ge- genüber der FIG 1 nicht geändert.If no permanent magnetic particles 26 are used, but rather any particles that are self-floating in the working liquid 20, the effect also arises as described above. The difference is that a converter 28 is no longer required. The particles are now set in motion by the movement of the vapor bubbles 22. This process is no longer targeted but depends on the number of vapor bubbles 22 and their movement. The number of particles in the working liquid 20 serves to control the method for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone. 3 shows the device for performing the method for avoiding a gas film in an evaporator zone according to FIG. 1 with a flat heat pipe 30. The mode of operation of the method according to the invention has not changed compared to FIG. 1.
In der FIG 4 ist die Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach FIG 1 bei einem Siedebadgefäß 32 veranschaulicht. Im Sonderdruck aus "Glasers Annalen", 109. Jahrgang, Heft 2/3, 1985, Seiten 103 bis 113, ist die Siedebadkühlung und verschiede Siedebad- gefäße näher beschrieben, so dass an dieser Stelle darauf nicht näher eingegangen werden muss. Die zu kühlenden Leistungshalbleitermodule 10 sind zusammen mit Kühldosen 34 in einem Spannverband in der Arbeitsflüssigkeit 20 angeordnet. An diesen Kühldosen 34 entstehen die Gasblasen 22. Damit die Kühldosen 34 jeweils nicht mit einem zusammenhängenden Gasfilm überzogen werden, sind diese jeweils mit einem elektro- mechanischen Wandler 24 versehen. Mittels dieser Wandler 24 wird die Flüssigkeit in der Verdampferzone der Kühldose 34 jeweils derart in Bewegung gehalten, dass sich keine zusammenhängende Gasfilme bilden können. FIG. 4 illustrates the use of the device according to FIG. 1 in a boiling bath vessel 32. The special print from "Glasers Annalen", 109th year, issue 2/3, 1985, pages 103 to 113, describes the cooling of the steam bath and various steam bath vessels in detail, so that it is not necessary to go into this here. The power semiconductor modules 10 to be cooled are arranged together with cooling sockets 34 in a clamping assembly in the working fluid 20. The gas bubbles 22 form at these cooling sockets 34. So that the cooling sockets 34 are not each covered with a coherent gas film, they are each provided with an electromechanical converter 24. By means of these transducers 24, the liquid in the evaporator zone of the cooling box 34 is kept in motion in such a way that no coherent gas films can form.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10136711.2 | 2001-07-27 | ||
| DE2001136711 DE10136711A1 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Gas film prevention method for 2-phase cooling system, using mechanical oscillation in ultrasonic frequency range |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003016810A1 true WO2003016810A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
Family
ID=7693348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2002/002606 Ceased WO2003016810A1 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2002-07-17 | Method and device for preventing the formation of a gas film in an evaporation area in a double phase cooling system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10136711A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003016810A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112050676A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | Phase change energy storage strengthening device with built-in ultrasonic generator |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006058629B3 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-07-10 | Schuler Pressen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cooling arrangement for a capacitor |
| DE102007040031A1 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-26 | Hans-Joachim Robionek | Hot water tank heat exchanger has ultrasound directed at the center of the heating coil, to swirl the water around it |
| EP4386303A1 (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2024-06-19 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Elliptical ultrasound vibration based cooling |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1566709A (en) * | 1975-12-11 | 1980-05-08 | Curwen & Newberry Ltd | Heat exchange or transfer elements |
| JPS57142485A (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-03 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of heat pipe |
| JPH04338241A (en) * | 1991-05-15 | 1992-11-25 | Tlv Co Ltd | Heating/cooling device |
| DE4240082C1 (en) | 1992-11-28 | 1994-04-21 | Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh | Heat pipe |
| DE4425014A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-01-18 | Ruhrgas Ag | Generation of DC from moving magnetic suspension |
| JPH08189788A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-23 | Ichiro Takahashi | Method and device for magnetic fluid-vibration type thermal diffusion |
| US5953930A (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-09-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Evaporator for use in an extended air cooling system for electronic components |
| WO1999060709A1 (en) | 1998-05-18 | 1999-11-25 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for cooling heat-generating electronic components of radio base stations |
-
2001
- 2001-07-27 DE DE2001136711 patent/DE10136711A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-07-17 WO PCT/DE2002/002606 patent/WO2003016810A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1566709A (en) * | 1975-12-11 | 1980-05-08 | Curwen & Newberry Ltd | Heat exchange or transfer elements |
| JPS57142485A (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-03 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of heat pipe |
| JPH04338241A (en) * | 1991-05-15 | 1992-11-25 | Tlv Co Ltd | Heating/cooling device |
| DE4240082C1 (en) | 1992-11-28 | 1994-04-21 | Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh | Heat pipe |
| DE4425014A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-01-18 | Ruhrgas Ag | Generation of DC from moving magnetic suspension |
| JPH08189788A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-23 | Ichiro Takahashi | Method and device for magnetic fluid-vibration type thermal diffusion |
| US5953930A (en) | 1998-03-31 | 1999-09-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Evaporator for use in an extended air cooling system for electronic components |
| WO1999060709A1 (en) | 1998-05-18 | 1999-11-25 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for cooling heat-generating electronic components of radio base stations |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199302, Derwent World Patents Index; Class J08, AN 1993-012104, XP002221489 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 0061, no. 246 (M - 176) 4 December 1982 (1982-12-04) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 11 29 November 1996 (1996-11-29) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112050676A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | Phase change energy storage strengthening device with built-in ultrasonic generator |
| CN112050676B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | Phase change energy storage strengthening device with built-in ultrasonic generator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10136711A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
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