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WO2003047016A2 - Plaque bipolaire, presse et procede de production d'une telle plaque bipolaire - Google Patents

Plaque bipolaire, presse et procede de production d'une telle plaque bipolaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003047016A2
WO2003047016A2 PCT/EP2002/013507 EP0213507W WO03047016A2 WO 2003047016 A2 WO2003047016 A2 WO 2003047016A2 EP 0213507 W EP0213507 W EP 0213507W WO 03047016 A2 WO03047016 A2 WO 03047016A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bipolar plate
fine structure
press
plate
bipolar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2002/013507
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003047016A3 (fr
Inventor
Dietrich Kehr
Günter Rinn
Volker Banhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH filed Critical Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Priority to EP02792836A priority Critical patent/EP1470604A2/fr
Priority to AU2002358566A priority patent/AU2002358566A1/en
Publication of WO2003047016A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003047016A2/fr
Publication of WO2003047016A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003047016A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • Bipolar plate Press device and method for producing such
  • the invention relates to a bipolar plate of a fuel cell, which consists of a thermosetting and / or thermoplastic and a carbon filler with a filler content of preferably 70 wt.% To 95 wt.%,
  • the bipolar plate having a structure such as open or has closed channels for guiding or flowing through a fluid.
  • the invention further relates to a pressing device for forming a bipolar plate of a fuel cell.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a bipolar plate of a fuel cell consisting of a thermosetting or thermoplastic plastic with carbon filler with a filler content of preferably 70% by weight to 95% by weight, one containing the plastic and the carbon filler Starting mixture is poured into a press mold and then molded with a press die, which has a structure like open or closed channels having a bipolar plate.
  • the electrodes often consist of a soot layer provided with a catalyst, which is applied to the membrane, platinum but also other suitable noble metals such as palladium being used as catalysts.
  • the reactants can be supplied to the electrodes via bipolar plates which consist of a thermosetting plastic with carbon filler with a filler content of in particular 70% to 95% by weight. Channels along which the reactants flow are embedded in the surfaces of the bipolar plates facing the electrodes.
  • hydrogen is supplied to the anode of the fuel cell as the reaction gas, cations are formed in the catalyst layer of the anode and electrons are simultaneously released to the electron-conducting anode.
  • Oxygen or air is supplied to the cathode side of the cell as the oxidizing agent.
  • the reaction gas oxygen is reduced by taking up the hydrogen ions (protons) diffused through the ion-conductive membrane and the electrons flowing through the external circuit from the anode to the cathode. This reaction takes place in the catalyst layer of the cathode which is in contact with the membrane. Water is the reaction product.
  • the reaction enthalpy is released in the form of electrical energy and heat.
  • a diffusion layer is arranged between the respective electrode and the bipolar plate so that the reactants come into contact with the respective electrode or the catalyst present therein to a sufficient extent.
  • the electrode is not covered by the webs or walls between the channels of the bipolar plate, as a result of which the efficiency could otherwise be impaired.
  • Bipolar plates with the same or similar composition are known from DE 100 19 094 AI and DE 198 23 880 AI.
  • DE 195 42 721 discloses a process for producing moldings from plastic / filler mixtures, the moldings also serving as plates for electrical or electrochemical purposes.
  • the plates can have a coating that gives them electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical or color properties.
  • the application of a catalytic is stated. in particular an electrochemically acting catalytic layer, for example metal or metal compounds of the elements of the V11I. Subgroup of the periodic table of elements or electrically semiconducting substances contains or consists of them.
  • bipolar plates are produced, the channel density of which is relatively large in relation to the plate surface.
  • the cross sections of the channel or channels are relatively small, with the result that there is a risk that the channels will be blocked by the resulting reaction product, water, and thus water drops that form.
  • the present invention is based on the problem of developing a bipolar plate or a method for producing such or a pressing device for producing a bipolar plate in such a way that it is ensured that liquid drops cannot block the channels of the bipolar plate without influencing the electrical properties ,
  • the problem with a bipolar plate of the type mentioned at the outset is solved in that the structured area of the bipolar plate is at least partially hydrophobic or provided with a hydrophobic layer.
  • the bipolar plate is further developed in such a way that droplet formation is prevented without, however, influencing the electrical properties of the bipolar plate.
  • the so-called lotus effect is used in particular, which prevents water from sticking to a surface, i.e. it allows water to bead off well. Any dirt present is also removed at the same time.
  • the lotus effect itself is known in and of itself.
  • Coatings that have a corresponding lotus effect are only for large areas such as the outer skin of buildings. Vehicles, planes, ships, machines determine and have the basic task of making the corresponding surfaces dirt-repellent.
  • the structure of a bipolar plate is in turn provided with a fine structure or microstructure, that is to say to form a structure in a structure, the function of the bipolar plates for generating electrical energy not being negatively influenced.
  • the fine or micro structure is preferably formed by elevations which have an average height H with 5 nm ⁇ H ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • the fine structure can also be formed by embossing, in particular when the structure is being formed.
  • the fine structure can also be formed by roughening the structure by preferably etching or radiation.
  • the bipolar plate has a corresponding fine or microstructure on its structure running on the cathode side.
  • the fine structure can also be produced by plasma deposition, mask technology, screen printing, lithographically, by plasma etching or applied as a slurry, that is to say a technology which corresponds to that of an inkjet printer is used.
  • a press device comprising a press mold (die) and press stamps for producing a bipola plate having a structure
  • the press mold and / or the press stamp has a geometry such that both the shape of the plate and an at least regionally fine structuring thereof can be formed
  • the mold and / or the press ram can have a fine structure formed by elevations, the elevations on average having a flea H with 5 nm ⁇ H ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • a method for producing a bipolar plate of a fuel cell consisting of a thermosetting and / or thermoplastic plastic with carbon filler with a filler content of preferably 70% by weight to 95% by weight, a starting mixture containing the plastic and the carbon filler being filled into a mold and then with a press stamp to which a structure in the form of open or closed channels is formed bipole plate, is characterized in that the structure is finely structured at least in some areas in order to achieve water repellency, in particular the fine structure can be obtained by plasma deposition, radiation, mask technology, screen printing , lithographic process, plasma etching or embossing. However, it is preferably provided that the fine structure is formed at the same time as the plate is being shaped.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a
  • Fig. 2 shows a section of a bipolar plate
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a press tool.
  • a section of a fuel cell is shown purely in principle and in an exploded view, a membrane electrode arrangement (MEA) 10 being arranged between two bipolar plates 12, 14.
  • the Bipola ⁇ latten can consist of one or more sections or parts 16, 18.
  • the bipola slats 12, 14 should consist of a thermosetting ⁇ n ⁇ V or thermoplastic plastic (thermoset or thermoplastic) with carbon filler with a filler content of in particular 70% by weight to 95% by weight.
  • thermosetting ⁇ n ⁇ V or thermoplastic plastic thermoset or thermoplastic
  • carbon filler with a filler content of in particular 70% by weight to 95% by weight.
  • the bipolar plates 12, 14 also have a structure, at least on the surface 20 facing the membrane electrode assembly 10, in the form of channels 22 which preferably run in a meandering pattern and which are optionally subdivided into sections. Then reactants flow through the channels 22 — hydrogen or methane on the anode side and air or oxygen on the cathode side.
  • the bipolar plate 12 is formed in one piece, whereas the bipolar plate 14 consists of sections 16, 18 which are aligned in the form of plates and which can be connected by means of ultrasound or friction welding. Furthermore, the bipolar plate 12, 14 can have cooling channels as shown in the bipolar plate 14.
  • the membrane electrode assembly 10 comprises a membrane 24 which is permeable to cations, along the surfaces of which a soot layer with a noble metal catalyst such as platinum or Palladium are arranged as anode 26 or cathode 28.
  • Anode 26 and cathode 28 are in turn covered by a gas diffusion layer 30, 32, which completely cover the channels 22 of the bipolar plates 12, 14 when the unit is composed of the bipolar plates 12, 14 and the membrane electrode arrangement 10, but at the same time the possibility offer that the reactants flowing in the channels 22 can be distributed over the entire electrode surfaces, so that the desired chemical reaction can take place with high efficiency.
  • the channels 22 Since the channel density per bipolar surface should be relatively large, in contrast to the basic illustration in FIG. 1, the channels 22 have a small cross section, with the result that water or water drops formed in the channels 22 on the cathode side due to the chemical reaction taking place Block the channels 22 can cause.
  • at least the channels 22 have a fine or microstructure in their flanks 34, 36 and / or their bottom surface 38, through which the walls 34, 36, 38 of the channels 22 become hydrophobic.
  • the fine structure can be formed in the walls 34, 36, 38 itself or can be produced by applying a coating.
  • a powder can be applied to the channel walls 34, 36, 38, which is made hydrophobic by organic silicon compounds.
  • the desired fine structure can also be formed by plasma deposition, radiation, mask technology, screen printing, lithographic processes or plasma etching.
  • the fine structure in the actual sense is formed by elevations and between these valleys, the elevations should have an average flea H with 5 nm ⁇ H ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between the individual surveys should average 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the fine structure is also formed during the pressing or shaping of the respective bipolar plate 18, 20.
  • 3 shows a press device 40 consisting of a die or mold 42 and a press die 46 which can be adjusted in the interior 44 thereof.
  • the die 42 has a structured bottom surface 48 which corresponds to the negative shape of a bipolar plate to be produced.
  • the areas of the structure that are intended to limit the channels 22 in the finished bipolar plate have a microstructure. which corresponds to the negative form of the fine microstructure to be produced of the finished bipolar plate.
  • the corresponding areas have a surface geometry formed by pointed elevations and valleys, which creates the desired hydrophobic properties in the finished bipolar plate.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une plaque bipolaire d'une cellule électrochimique, qui est constituée d'une matière synthétique thermodurcissable et thermoplastique et d'une charge de carbone dont la proportion est de préférence comprise entre 70 et 95 % en poids. Ladite plaque bipolaire présente au moins partiellement une structure présentant des éléments tels que des canaux ouverts ou fermés pour diriger ou laisser passer un fluide. Afin d'éviter l'obturation des canaux par exemple par des gouttelettes de fluide, la partie structurée (22) de la plaque bipolaire (12, 14) est formée au moins partiellement hydrophobe ou pourvue d'une couche hydrophobe.
PCT/EP2002/013507 2001-11-30 2002-11-29 Plaque bipolaire, presse et procede de production d'une telle plaque bipolaire Ceased WO2003047016A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02792836A EP1470604A2 (fr) 2001-11-30 2002-11-29 Plaque bipolaire, presse et procede de production d'une telle plaque bipolaire
AU2002358566A AU2002358566A1 (en) 2001-11-30 2002-11-29 Bipolar plate, press device and method for production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10159008.3 2001-11-30
DE10159008A DE10159008A1 (de) 2001-11-30 2001-11-30 Bipolarplatte, Pressvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003047016A2 true WO2003047016A2 (fr) 2003-06-05
WO2003047016A3 WO2003047016A3 (fr) 2004-05-21

Family

ID=7707674

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2002/013507 Ceased WO2003047016A2 (fr) 2001-11-30 2002-11-29 Plaque bipolaire, presse et procede de production d'une telle plaque bipolaire

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1470604A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002358566A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10159008A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003047016A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102365158A (zh) * 2009-03-30 2012-02-29 昭和电工株式会社 薄板压制成型方法和燃料电池用隔板的制造方法
US8771900B2 (en) 2006-10-31 2014-07-08 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Super-hydrophobic composite bipolar plate including a porous surface layer

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10315804B4 (de) * 2003-03-31 2005-09-29 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen aus einer verformten Folie mit Herstellungsverfahren
US7842435B2 (en) * 2004-11-01 2010-11-30 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Fuel cell water management enhancement method
DE102006010832A1 (de) * 2006-03-07 2007-09-13 Wilhelm Eisenhuth Gmbh Kg Kontaktplatten für Brennstoffzellen mit optimierter Kanalführung und aufgerauhter Oberflächenstruktur
US7803499B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2010-09-28 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Super-hydrophobic composite bipolar plate
JP7685586B2 (ja) 2020-08-21 2025-05-29 シュンク コーレンシュトッフテクニック ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 高度に充填された熱硬化性材料からバイポーラプレートなどの成形部品を製造するための多段加圧プロセス

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19542721A1 (de) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Sgl Technik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellen von Formkörpern aus Kunststoff-Füllstoff-Mischungen mit einem hohen Gehalt an Füllstoffen
FR2764122A1 (fr) * 1997-06-03 1998-12-04 Motorola Inc Plaque bipolaire pour ensemble de piles a combustible
US5858574A (en) * 1997-07-25 1999-01-12 Space Systems/Loral, Inc. Cells and gas depolarized batteries and method for producing same
US6248467B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2001-06-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Composite bipolar plate for electrochemical cells
US6451471B1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2002-09-17 Teledyne Energy Systems, Inc. Conductivity fuel cell collector plate and method of fabrication
NL1014405C1 (nl) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-20 Nedstack Holding B V Methode voor het vervaardigen Polymeer Elektrolyt Brandstofcellen.
DE10119094A1 (de) * 2001-04-19 2002-10-24 Jan H Meier Schaltung für die psychoakustische Wiedergabe von tieffrequenten Audiosignalen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8771900B2 (en) 2006-10-31 2014-07-08 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Super-hydrophobic composite bipolar plate including a porous surface layer
CN102365158A (zh) * 2009-03-30 2012-02-29 昭和电工株式会社 薄板压制成型方法和燃料电池用隔板的制造方法
CN102365158B (zh) * 2009-03-30 2014-02-26 昭和电工株式会社 薄板压制成型方法和燃料电池用隔板的制造方法
US9789634B2 (en) 2009-03-30 2017-10-17 Showa Denko K.K. Sheet press molding method and method of manufacturing fuel cell separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003047016A3 (fr) 2004-05-21
EP1470604A2 (fr) 2004-10-27
DE10159008A1 (de) 2003-06-12
AU2002358566A8 (en) 2003-06-10
AU2002358566A1 (en) 2003-06-10

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