WO2001005709A1

WO2001005709A1 - Method of distillation of water

Info

Publication number: WO2001005709A1
Application number: PCT/IN1999/000038
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ramjibhai Italiya Rasiklal
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-07-19
Filing date: 1999-08-18
Publication date: 2001-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2002-01-19
Also published as: AU5442699A

Abstract

This is a method of water distillation in which complete recycle of latent heat of evaporation under vacuum in vacuum chamber, through heat conductive common wall. Vacuum Chamber is composed of two chambers connected via air compressor. One Chamber (2) contains solution of water (5) which is pre-treated by removing soluble gases and another chamber (1) for collection of distilled water (6) from condensation of saturated steam. After complete vacuuming both chambers, steam-water equilibrium establish inside the chamber. Boiling point of the water will be at room temperature. After starting compressor (3) will further reduce the pressure in chamber (2), by pushing saturated steam into chamber (1) with creating pressure difference across the common wall inside both chambers. Resulting into boiling of water solution in chamber (2) and cooling of heat conductive wall (4). In chamber (1) pressure will increase leading to condensation of steam over cool common wall and distilled water will be collected inside the chamber (1). Latent heat of evaporation of water from condensing saturated vapour will be transferred through heat conductive common wall to boiling water.

Description

DESCRIPTION METHOD OF DISTILLATION OF WATER Technical field

This is a process of distillation of water, which can be used to separate solute and distilled water from solution of water. Background or the art In the known method of production of distilled water lots of energy require due to high latent eat of evaporation of water while production of steam from boiling water and this energy is lost in cooling of steam to condense it. The new compression method of distilled water production also require additional external source of heat energy for keeping the water at boiling point and more power for compression. In another method vacuum distillation is done b transferring latent heat through refrigeration circuit from condensing saturated vapour to boiling water. In this method more energy needed to transfer latent heat of evaporation in refrigeration circuit from condensing steams to boiling water. Disclosure of Invention With keeping in mind tliat Condensation of steam gives back same quantity of heat energy that is required for boiling of same quantity of water, latent heat of evaporation can be completely recycle in this method. To avoid energy requirement for heating water up to boiling point at one atmospheric pressure, boiling point is reduced to room temperature by reducing pressure over solution of water. Saturated steam of water can be condensed by compression of the steam and latent heat of evaporation fro condensing steam can be used for requirement of latent heat of evaporation for boiling of solution of water through licit conductive common wall. Thus latchl heat of evaporation of water can be recycled from condensation of the saturated steam by compressing it. to boiling of solution of water by reducing pressure.

Brief Description of Drawings (Fig. No. 1 )

In this method one vacuum chamber made up of two separate chambers with highly heat conductive common wall ( 4 ) is required. One clumber ( 2 ) is for solution of water ( 5 ) and Second chamber ( I ) is for collection of distilled water ( 6 ). Both chamber is connected via air compressor ( 3 ) which w ill transfer saturated \ apour from solution chamber ( 2 ) to distilled water chamber with maintaining presume difference of vapour across both the chambers. Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention

5 Required Prc-Trcatmcnt of Water Solution

Completely remove dissolve gases from the solution or mixture of water before using this method of distillation because dissolve gases will come out from the solution with bubbling by decreasing pressure Addition of partial pressure of other gases will lead to increase in the boiling point of solution of water. It also require

10 higher pressure difference between the chambers to produce same lcinpcratiue difference across the common wall and as progress of distillation of water goes on. more and more gases will be collected inside the distilled water chamber. Increased partial pressure of gases in the distilled water chamber will lead to increase in dew point pressure of saturated steam. And thus, increased pressure difference across the

15 common wall will require more power by compressor, leading to decrease in eneigv efficiency of this method of distillation of water. Methods of Vacuuming Vacuum Chamber

In both chambers air pressure is reduced till the boiling point of solution of water in chamber ( 2 ). will reach at temperature of solution of water and assure complete

20 replacement of air w ith saturated steam b> am follow ing methods, which

er practically suitable.

(a) Introducing saturated steam above 100 degree Celsius for rcmoMug air completely form both the chambers and after totally replacing with saturated steam, seal both the chambers air tightly from external environment Cooling of steam to

25 room temperature w ill lead to condensation of steam and

will be created in both chambers.

(h) Filling completely both the chambers with distilled water and then nuke empiv both the chambers through water pu p And then seal both the cliambcrs air lightly from cxtcπial environment. ) (c) Create vacuums inside both the chambers by removing air with air compressor and seal both chambers air tightly fro external env ironment (d) Filling completely both chambers w ith distilled water and then remov e water lrom bottom w ith the help of grav ity pulling by v ertical water column ot about more than nine meters down from the water level ol chamber ( 2 ) Other end of verticil column of water is placed under water-seal to assure vacuum in both chambers by keeping the other cud under the open water tank. And then seal both the chambers air tightly from external environment. This method of vacuuming will further reduce energy requirement in the process of distillation

5 Process of the method

By creating vacuums inside both the chambers, solution of water w ill start boiling and create a saturated steam inside both the chambers and increased pressure ol steam inside the chamber ( 2 ) w ill stop boiling of solution of water Thus in the chamber, equilibrium developed between saturated steam and solution of water 1 he

10 water boiling temperature is now at temperature of the solution of water

Now starting the compressor ( ^"? ) w ill lurther reduced pressure over solution ol^" water in chamber ( 2 ). Boiling-point ol solution goes down below ils waier temperature leading to boiling of solution of water, resulting in cooling of solution and common wall due to absorption of latent heat of ev aporation required lor

15 boiling On other side, in distilled water chamber ( I ) increase steam pre.ssuie w ill lead to condensation of saturated steam on cool common wall ( 4 ) Condensation ol the steam giv es latent heat energy to relativ ely cold common wall On both sides ol the common wall there is a temperature dillerence due to relatively higher presxuic in distilled water collecting chamber ( 1 ) Higher pressure of saturated steam will

20 shift the equilibrium of steam-water to decrease dew point of saturated steam inside chamber ( I ) leading to condensation of saturated steam ov er common wall ( 4 ) Thus pressure difference od aturated steam produced across common wall w ill lead to continuos latent heat energy transler across common wall lioiu condensing saturated steam to boiling water of solution Compressor maintain pressure

25 dillerence acrpss both the chambers by continues transfeπ ing steam Iroiii cli.imbei ( 2 ) to chamber ( I ) This continues process w ill collect distilled water inside distilled wai t collecting chamber ( I ) and the latent heat of e aporation of w ter will hv recycled through common w all. Temperature difference across the common wall w ill be maintained by absorption of latent heat by boiling of solution ) of water and thus temperature inside the chamber ( 2 ) w ill be lower than loom temperature And temperature of the chamber ( I ) should be at room tcmpctatiirc Ih-siχn of th both chambers depend upon follow ing factoi * Common wall is made up of highly licit conductive material and as thin as possible, keeping in mind to resist maximum possible difference of pressure across both the chambers to increase heat conductivity

* The wall of the vacuum chamber is thick enough to resist one ATM pressure against vacuum.

* Increase the surface area of the common wall

Ty pe of Compressor ( 1 ) used in this method may be centrifugal, rotating. reciprocating or w hich ever design is energy efficient to work under low pressure environment Energy efficiency of this method of distillation of w ater depends upon lollow ing factors :

* Heat conductivity of common wall

* Surface area of the common wall

* Lowering pressure-temperature equilibrium of solution of water increases the efficiency of this method

* Decreasing the inolarity of solution Working condition of this method

This method is generally used at room temperature but in whenever required this method can be used at any lciupcrnlurc by heat insulating vacuum chamber and mamtainmg temperature of distilled water chamber at operating temperatuie for gaming optimum adv antage energy efficiency of this method

Industrial Applicability

This method can be used for separation of salt and water from solution ol water

Distilled water cm lie recover from any mixer or solution of water bv this method like a natural water sources, waste drainage of water, waste industrial chemical solution. .4ca water etc

Claims

CLAIMS I claim:-

1. Distillation of water by total recycling of latent licit of ev aporation of water under vacuum inside the vacuum cliambcr. through condensation of saturated vapour of water and boiling of water by vacuum suction across the surface of licit transferring common wall

2. Boiling of water as in claim ( 1 ) is done by reducing boiling point to a temperature of solution or mixture of water. And. further reduction in the pressure of saturated steam lower the boiling point below the temperature of solution of water resulting into vacuum boiling of water. Boiling of water absorb latent licit of evaporation from the solution of water resulting into cooling of solution of water and licit conductive common wall.

3. Condensation of saturated vapour as in claim ( I ) is done by compression of saturated steam over relatively cold common wall, as in claim ( 2 ) And latent'licit of evaporation of water from condensation will transfer to boiling chamber to maintain boiling temperature of the solution of water This will prevent further reduction in the temperature of solution of water by absorption of latent licit of evaporation of water from boiling solution.

4 Common wall as in claim ( I ) is made up of high licit conductive materials for reducing temperature difference across the common wall. As this process is under vacuum, water steam equilibrium is established over boiling and condensing process, resulting into pressure difference across common wall because of temperature difference across common wall

5 This process can be done at any temperature by maintaining artificial cxtcπial environment at a constant temperature

(> This method can he used for any solution having high latent heat of ev aporation as this process can be done at any temperature. For this just replace the solution by solution of w ter with same method of distillation of w ater and maintain artificial external environment at a constant temperature.