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WO2001075198A1 - Traitement de recoltes a fibres - Google Patents

Traitement de recoltes a fibres Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001075198A1
WO2001075198A1 PCT/GB2001/001392 GB0101392W WO0175198A1 WO 2001075198 A1 WO2001075198 A1 WO 2001075198A1 GB 0101392 W GB0101392 W GB 0101392W WO 0175198 A1 WO0175198 A1 WO 0175198A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibre
process according
ensiling
ensiled
crop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2001/001392
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henry Robert George Aykroyd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BIOFIBRES Ltd
Original Assignee
BIOFIBRES Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BIOFIBRES Ltd filed Critical BIOFIBRES Ltd
Priority to GB0227460A priority Critical patent/GB2380204B/en
Priority to AU42616/01A priority patent/AU4261601A/en
Publication of WO2001075198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001075198A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/28—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with beaters rotating about an axis perpendicular to the fibre bundle
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30—Details of machines
    • D01B1/40—Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials
    • D01B1/42—Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials employing liquids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
    • D01C1/04—Bacteriological retting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing bio-mechanically pulped fibre crops.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing pulped fibre crops which obviates and mitigates at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages associated with existing processes.
  • a process for producing bio-mechanically pulped fibre crop which comprises:
  • bio-mechanically pulping is understood to refer to a process whereby individual fibres are partially separated by ensiling and subsequently further separated by mechanical impacting. Preferably, the leaves and seeds of the fibre crops are removed before harvesting.
  • fibre crops is understood to refer to crops which are harvested and treated to yield fibres for use in the production of paper, board, fibre composite materials and other fibre-based products.
  • the term includes hemp, flax, jute, sisel, ramie, kenaf and coire plants.
  • An agent that promotes fermentation during ensiling may be added to the fibre crops prior to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
  • a silage inoculant containing bacteria may also be added to assist fermentation.
  • additives that lead to low or high pH may be added during ensiling.
  • enzymes may be used to further ensile the fibre crops.
  • the mechanical impacting is carried out in a ha mermill having a plurality of flailing arms spaced around a central rotatable shaft. These arms are generally rotatably mounted within a housing having an inlet aperture for introducing the ensiled material and an exhaust aperture for discharge thereof.
  • the housing radius is generally only marginally longer than the length of each flailing arm so as to subject the ensiled material to a shearing action. Attached to various points on the internal surface of the housing may be arranged a series of shear bars against which the ensiled material is impacted.
  • the mechanical impacting process takes place in a substantially dry environment (ie. without the addition of any liquid additive) .
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a leaf stripping machine in use
  • leaf stripper 10 comprises a rotatably mounted substantially horizontal cylinder 12 having combs 14 attached to the circumference of the cylinder and housed within canopy 16.
  • the harvest process starts with the removal of leaves and seed heads by stripper 10 which is held at the appropriate height to optimise leaf removal without reducing the harvested fibre weight of fibre plants 18a.
  • the leaf stripper 10 travels from a right to left direction with the cylinder 12 rotating in a clockwise direction.
  • Canopy 16 prepares the plants 18 for stripping by bending them over at an angle, after which they are engaged in combs 14 which remove the leaves and seed heads from the fibre plants.
  • the leaf and seed heads either fall to the ground for mulching or are collected for separate processing.
  • stems 18b are cut and chopped using standard silage equipment.
  • the chopped product is transported to silos.
  • the silos are sealed to prevent external air ingress.
  • Ensiling without oxygen under controlled pH conditions generally leads to a fermentation that is complete within approximately for 4 weeks.
  • the crop can be stored, allowing processing on a continuous basis from an annual crop.
  • the fermentation of the wet crop results in a biological pulping or fibre opening that is completed by a mechanical process (described hereafter) .
  • chemical or microbial additives may be added to improve fibre separation.
  • the product is sampled and tested to determine the suitability for mechanical pulping.
  • the combined fibre and shive is placed into a metering hopper (not shown) to achieve a constant uniform feed into a mechanical impacting apparatus which reduces the fibre and shive to small uniform sized pieces (typically approximately 5 to 15mm in length) that are capable of being used in conventional paper, building product or plastic industry equipment.
  • the fibre may be combined or separated from the shive. That is, higher quality fibre can be obtained by removing the shive from the fibre.
  • a mechanical impacting apparatus 20 comprises a rotatable cylinder 22 with flailing arms 24 attached at fixed points to the circumference of cylinder 22.
  • Flailing arms 24 are freely hinged at elbows 26 and are surrounded by a housing 28 which comprises a crop inlet opening 30 and discharge opening 32.
  • a series of shear bars 34 are optionally fixed to the inner surface of cover 26.
  • ensiled partially pulped fibre crop is introduced into the crop inlet opening 30.
  • the arms 24 carry the ensiled material around the inside of mechanical impacting apparatus 20 and the material is further pulped when impacted against the inner surface of housing 28 and shear bars 34 when fitted.
  • the bio-mechanically pulped material then exits through discharge opening 32.
  • the arm tip speed is optimised to obtain the required degree of fibre and shive separation and to reduce the material to a size that is suitable for subsequent processing.
  • the product enters and leaves the mechanical impacting apparatus within approximately one revolution and does not dwell inside the machine, but can be recycled if required.
  • the principal advantage of the present invention is that the process reduces costs in comparision to conventional processes through lower energy requirements, reduces the environmental impact by reducing or eliminating waste effluent, and has reduced capital cost. Furthermore, the harvesting and ensiling processes are not weather dependent and can therefore optimise total yield and fibre/shive ratio.
  • a harvesting program can be planned to suit planting date, crop density, variety and intended market.
  • a hemp de-leafer was based on a grain stripper header manufactured by Shelbourne & Reynolds and invented by the National Institute of Agricultural Engineering at Silsoe. Stripping devices were attached to the outside of a cylinder of a powered rotor operating at ca. 800 rpm. There were eight stripping devices located around the circumference of the cylinder and the cylinder was 0.4m in diameter. The cylinder was suspended approximately half way up the crop and had suitable linkage to a tractor. The forward speed of the tractor and the cylinder speed were adjusted for optimum results.
  • the mechanical impacting apparatus comprised a modified conventional grain hammermill.
  • a suitably metered feed of ensiled fibre and shive direct from storage was fed into the mechanical impacting apparatus, slightly forward of top dead centre.
  • the impact of the arms on the ensiled fibre and shive produced the mechanical pulping and separation.
  • the arm tip speed was in the order of 75 m/sec.
  • the product was then carried by the arms through approximately 270° where the product exited the apparatus through an exhaust as a result of the centrifugal forces.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

Ce procédé de production d'une récolte à fibres dépulpées de manière biomécanique consiste à maintenir cette récolte à fibres dans des conditions anaérobies, de manière à permettre son ensilage, et à soumettre cette récolte ensilée à une percussion mécanique, de manière à dépulper de façon biomécanique la récolte à fibres, laquelle est généralement du chanvre.
PCT/GB2001/001392 2000-04-01 2001-03-29 Traitement de recoltes a fibres Ceased WO2001075198A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0227460A GB2380204B (en) 2000-04-01 2001-03-29 Processing fibre crops
AU42616/01A AU4261601A (en) 2000-04-01 2001-03-29 Processing fibre crops

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0007961A GB0007961D0 (en) 2000-04-01 2000-04-01 Processing fibre crops
GB0007961.6 2000-04-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001075198A1 true WO2001075198A1 (fr) 2001-10-11

Family

ID=9888932

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2001/001392 Ceased WO2001075198A1 (fr) 2000-04-01 2001-03-29 Traitement de recoltes a fibres

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4261601A (fr)
GB (2) GB0007961D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001075198A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003006722A1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Fibre Laboratory Pty Ltd Degommage de fibres liberiennes
WO2008083322A3 (fr) * 2006-12-29 2009-04-16 Jayson A Bexell Pastille de combustible à base de lin et procédé de fabrication
WO2012051733A1 (fr) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Gramitech S.A. Procede et dispositif pour l'obtention et le traitement de fibres végétales
CN102965739A (zh) * 2012-12-10 2013-03-13 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 苎麻生物脱胶工艺
CN110042478A (zh) * 2018-07-01 2019-07-23 咸宁市农业科学院 一种苎麻湿麻密封脱胶的方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1547063A (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-06-06 Salen Interdevelop Ab Process for the biological ensiling of vegetable and/or animals materials
US5878970A (en) * 1996-12-03 1999-03-09 Deere & Company Ensilage harvester cutterhead
EP0906952A2 (fr) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-07 Medipharm AB Souche bactérienne pour l'ensilage de paille
DE19756046A1 (de) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Inst Agrartechnik Bornim E V Verfahren zur Ernte, Konservierung, Aufbereitung und Verarbeitung von Hanf
US5964080A (en) * 1996-01-31 1999-10-12 Deere & Company Harvesting machine
WO1999057353A1 (fr) * 1998-05-01 1999-11-11 Eriksen, Marianne, Etlar Procede de fabrication de mat de fibres, produit et usage associe

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1547063A (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-06-06 Salen Interdevelop Ab Process for the biological ensiling of vegetable and/or animals materials
US5964080A (en) * 1996-01-31 1999-10-12 Deere & Company Harvesting machine
US5878970A (en) * 1996-12-03 1999-03-09 Deere & Company Ensilage harvester cutterhead
EP0906952A2 (fr) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-07 Medipharm AB Souche bactérienne pour l'ensilage de paille
DE19756046A1 (de) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Inst Agrartechnik Bornim E V Verfahren zur Ernte, Konservierung, Aufbereitung und Verarbeitung von Hanf
WO1999057353A1 (fr) * 1998-05-01 1999-11-11 Eriksen, Marianne, Etlar Procede de fabrication de mat de fibres, produit et usage associe

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003006722A1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Fibre Laboratory Pty Ltd Degommage de fibres liberiennes
WO2008083322A3 (fr) * 2006-12-29 2009-04-16 Jayson A Bexell Pastille de combustible à base de lin et procédé de fabrication
WO2012051733A1 (fr) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Gramitech S.A. Procede et dispositif pour l'obtention et le traitement de fibres végétales
CN102965739A (zh) * 2012-12-10 2013-03-13 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 苎麻生物脱胶工艺
CN110042478A (zh) * 2018-07-01 2019-07-23 咸宁市农业科学院 一种苎麻湿麻密封脱胶的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2380204A (en) 2003-04-02
GB0227460D0 (en) 2002-12-31
AU4261601A (en) 2001-10-15
GB2380204B (en) 2003-12-10
GB0007961D0 (en) 2000-05-17

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