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WO2000000705A1 - Corps creux dans lequel a ete fait le vide, destine a l'isolation thermique - Google Patents

Corps creux dans lequel a ete fait le vide, destine a l'isolation thermique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000000705A1
WO2000000705A1 PCT/EP1998/003954 EP9803954W WO0000705A1 WO 2000000705 A1 WO2000000705 A1 WO 2000000705A1 EP 9803954 W EP9803954 W EP 9803954W WO 0000705 A1 WO0000705 A1 WO 0000705A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hollow body
body according
main sides
support
evacuated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1998/003954
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz-Dieter Bürger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SASKIA SOLAR- und ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH
Original Assignee
SASKIA SOLAR- und ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE19704323A priority Critical patent/DE19704323C1/de
Application filed by SASKIA SOLAR- und ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH filed Critical SASKIA SOLAR- und ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH
Priority to PCT/EP1998/003954 priority patent/WO2000000705A1/fr
Publication of WO2000000705A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000000705A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow body for
  • Thermal insulation which has two essentially flat and essentially parallel main sides and is evacuated at least until the beginning of the molecular flow conditions, the interior of the hollow body being provided with proppants to prevent the interior from collapsing due to the vacuum pressure.
  • the invention belongs to the field of vacuum super-isolation, the oldest applications of which were known as thermos flasks in the previous century.
  • a pressure of for example below 10 "3 is prepared mbar so that arise molecular flow conditions for the remaining gases, the molecules do not ie practically more together, but in practice encounter only on the walls of the vessel.
  • To additionally dressingstrah - hindering the inner surfaces of the hollow body are mirrored.
  • molecular flow conditions arise in such a hollow body filled with powders or fibers even at a higher limit pressure of between 0.1 and 10 mbar, i.e. at values that are at least 100 times higher than in a pure vacuum vessel.
  • the fiber package In order to achieve a controlled final thickness of the filling after the evacuation of the hollow body, which brings about the desired support, the fiber package, a so-called fiber board, had to be annealed at temperatures of 400 to 600 ° C and a pressure of 1 bar.
  • Glass panes, metal sheets or diffusion-resistant plastic foils can be used as the material for the walls of the hollow body.
  • the final edge strip, which connects the two main sides, should not form a thermal bridge and is often formed from a sandwich of foils made of different materials, which is welded to the main sides or connected with adhesive.
  • a problem with the hollow bodies filled with powder or fibers for thermal insulation arises when pumping out the interior of the hollow body in order to achieve the desired molecular flow conditions.
  • the greatly enlarged inner surface degasses only slowly, and the materials previously used resist permanent degassing because of their adsorption properties.
  • Another problem is the lack of mechanical stability, especially of powder spills, against vibrations, so that the support properties of the filling were not guaranteed in the long run.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an evacuated hollow body of the type specified above for heat insulation, and a method for its production which can be reliably evacuated to a final pressure under which molecular flow conditions prevail and which have its supporting properties under mechanical loads such as e.g. Vibrations do not lose.
  • FIG. 1 shows a solar collector with a hollow body according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a variant of the hollow body according to the invention from Figure 1, which is suitable for example for underfloor heating.
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically how a hollow body according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be evacuated and then closed in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hollow body 1 in the form of a double-walled trough which is covered with a plate 2 which is permeable to heat radiation.
  • This plate can be made of glass, for example, and coated with silicon oxide SiO 2 .
  • the underside of the plate 2 can be provided with a thin silver layer in order to restrict the radiation of heat through the plate 2 to the outside.
  • a vacuum of ⁇ 10 -3 mbar prevails between the hollow body 1 and the plate 2.
  • the actual solar collector in the form of a corrugated foil 3 made of metal with a coating of, for example, titanium oxynitrite, which absorbs the heat radiation arriving through the plate 2 and emits the heat to a heat transfer fluid which flows between this foil and the bottom of the Tub 1 circulated in channels 4.
  • the tub is designed as a double-walled hollow body, which, as mentioned above, a filling mainly of rock wool to support the interior of the Has hollow body against atmospheric pressure, since this interior must be at a negative pressure under which molecular flow conditions prevail.
  • the hollow body consists of two halves 5, 6, which are connected to one another along the contact region with the transparent plate 2.
  • the two trough halves 5, 6 are made of a hard metal such as e.g. Tinplate with a thickness of 0.4 mm.
  • the edge strip 7, which connects the two trough halves in the contact area with the plate 2, should have the lowest possible thermal conductivity and therefore consists of a much thinner sheet which can be coated.
  • a multilayer plastic film or a metal-coated plastic film can also be used as the edge strip 7.
  • the two tub halves are connected to the edge strip by gluing, by pretreating the connection points with plasma or silicoater processes (flame CVD) and then gluing with a fluorinated adhesive in a diffusion-tight manner.
  • edge strip and the two pan halves by crimping, similar to a vegetable tin.
  • a support body 8 which exactly Fills the hollow body by mixing rock wool fibers, whose typical fiber diameter is 10 ⁇ m, with a fiber binder that makes up about 1 to 3% by weight of the fiber weight.
  • fiber binders are water glass (sodium or potassium silicate) or an organic binder such as a plasma polymer (polystyrene, methyl methacrylate), hexamethyldisoloxane (HMD- (S)) or a polycondensation resin (phenol, cresol, melamine) or urea resin) in question.
  • the amount of binder is chosen so that the fibers stick to one another at their crossing points, but the voids between the fibers are not filled.
  • This support body 8 is then pressed under a pressure of about 1 bar into the desired shape, which should correspond to that of the interior of the tub 1.
  • the support body 8 thus stabilized is thus placed between the two trough halves 5, 6, whereupon these are connected to one another in a vacuum-tight manner, as mentioned above.
  • zeolite grains with a weight fraction of up to 10% can be added to the rock wool fibers in order to absorb water or organic vapors remaining in the interior of the hollow body.
  • a layered support body which, as mentioned, consists of a layer of rock wool stabilized with a binder in the area which comes into contact with the higher temperature during operation, while at least one layer of an open-pore layer over it Plastic foam is used, especially polyurethane or polystyrene foam, depending on the temperatures to be expected.
  • Figure 2 shows a variant of the hollow body 1
  • FIG. 1 in which the two main sides of the hollow body are not exactly parallel. While the lower main side 10 of the hollow body is flat, a wave-shaped structuring was chosen for the opposite upper main side 11, which together with a structure placed on this th plane cover 12 channels 13 defined through which a heat transfer fluid can be sent similar to the channels 4 in Figure 1.
  • the wavy shape of the main face 11 of the hollow body also has the task of compensating for changes in length between the main face 11 and the
  • the hollow body from FIG. 2 can also have a trough-shaped design and can then be used in a solar collector in the manner of FIG. 1. However, it can also serve as thermal insulation for the rear of underfloor heating or more generally for heating a wall 12, i.e. that the heat transfer fluid must supply heat in this case and does not have to dissipate it.
  • the edge strip 14 is again made of a material with very low thermal conductivity.
  • FIG. 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, a section of a hollow body according to FIG. 1 or FIG.
  • the device is connected via valves 19, 20, 21, 22 to a vacuum pump (not shown) or to a source for extremely dry air or another gas such as nitrogen, or to a source for an inert gas such as xenon or argon.
  • the vacuum in the support body or in the device 18 is continuously monitored by a vacuum measuring device 23 during the evacuation phase.
  • the evacuation does not take place in one go, as in classic methods, but by alternating cyclical pumping and feeding in dry air or nitrogen, whereby these cycles are repeated until the desired pressure is permanently reached.
  • a plasma discharge is caused in the support body.
  • the two main 15 and 16 made of metal, while the edge strips (not visible in FIG. 3) are insulating, the plasma can be generated by applying corresponding potentials to these sides. Otherwise, the plasma can be coupled in via electrical feedthroughs or inductively.
  • a certain amount of noble gas e.g. Xenon, let into the support body (up to a pressure of about 7 mbar) to further reduce the heat convection.
  • the pump opening 26 is then glued to a diffusion-tight film 24, which is already kept in the vacuum chamber of the device 18 and is pressed onto the opening 26 by a heatable stamp 25.
  • the invention is not limited to solar collectors or wall heating, but is generally applicable when high thermal insulation is required in the smallest space. This applies, for example, to heat accumulators, in particular solar heat accumulators, in which the heat for winter heating is loaded in summer.
  • the hollow body according to the invention can also be used as a so-called isoplate in the home or in the laboratory and for the thermal insulation of heating cabinets, freezing systems, vacuum drying systems, cool boxes, cold stores, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

Corps creux dans lequel a été fait le vide, qui possède pour l'essentiel deux plaques principales (5, 6; 10, 11; 15, 16) planes et parallèles et dans lequel le vide a été fait jusqu'au début des conditions d'écoulement moléculaire, l'espace interne du corps creux étant doté d'éléments de renfort destinés à empêcher l'écrasement de l'espace interne sous la pression du vide. Selon la présente invention, les éléments de renfort sont constitués d'un corps qui remplit l'espace interne et qui est constitué pour l'essentiel, tout au moins dans la zone qui est exposée aux températures élevées, de fibres de laine de roche qui sont stabilisées à l'aide d'un liant à raison de 1 à 3 % en poids.
PCT/EP1998/003954 1997-02-05 1998-06-29 Corps creux dans lequel a ete fait le vide, destine a l'isolation thermique Ceased WO2000000705A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19704323A DE19704323C1 (de) 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Evakuierter Hohlkörper zur Wärmedämmung
PCT/EP1998/003954 WO2000000705A1 (fr) 1997-02-05 1998-06-29 Corps creux dans lequel a ete fait le vide, destine a l'isolation thermique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19704323A DE19704323C1 (de) 1997-02-05 1997-02-05 Evakuierter Hohlkörper zur Wärmedämmung
PCT/EP1998/003954 WO2000000705A1 (fr) 1997-02-05 1998-06-29 Corps creux dans lequel a ete fait le vide, destine a l'isolation thermique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000000705A1 true WO2000000705A1 (fr) 2000-01-06

Family

ID=26033662

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1998/003954 Ceased WO2000000705A1 (fr) 1997-02-05 1998-06-29 Corps creux dans lequel a ete fait le vide, destine a l'isolation thermique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19704323C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000000705A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19840990C1 (de) * 1998-09-08 1999-09-30 Saskia Solar Und Energietechni Brandschutzplatte
AU2003229243A1 (en) 2002-06-24 2004-01-06 Sager Ag Vacuum insulation panel, method for the heat insulation of objects and auxiliary agent therefor
EP1496320A1 (fr) * 2003-07-08 2005-01-12 R & D du groupe Cockerill-Sambre Capteur thermique solaire plan de faible épaisseur
CN101561189B (zh) 2008-04-18 2011-06-08 清华大学 太阳能集热器
CN101526272B (zh) * 2008-03-07 2013-04-24 清华大学 太阳能集热器
CN101561194B (zh) 2008-04-18 2010-12-29 清华大学 太阳能集热器
ES2392217T3 (es) * 2008-03-07 2012-12-05 Tsing Hua University Colector solar y sistema de calentamiento solar que lo utiliza
CN101556089B (zh) 2008-04-11 2011-03-30 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 太阳能集热器
US8695586B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2014-04-15 Tsinghua University Solar collector and solar heating system using same
US8622055B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2014-01-07 Tsinghua University Solar collector and solar heating system using same
DE102008026073A1 (de) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Sonnenkollektor
CN101814867B (zh) 2009-02-20 2013-03-20 清华大学 热电发电装置
AT512140B1 (de) * 2011-10-20 2013-07-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Solarkollektor
DE102015008159A1 (de) * 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Verfahren zum Evakuieren eines Vakuumdämmkörpers

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2747269A (en) * 1952-09-27 1956-05-29 Gen Electric Insulating structures
US2939811A (en) * 1957-03-25 1960-06-07 Gen Electric Heat-insulating units for refrigerator cabinets
US4444821A (en) * 1982-11-01 1984-04-24 General Electric Company Vacuum thermal insulation panel
US4636416A (en) * 1984-05-18 1987-01-13 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Shaped microporous thermal insulation body with sheathing and process for making same
US4668555A (en) * 1984-12-27 1987-05-26 Matsushita Refrigeration Co. Heat insulating body
EP0535977A1 (fr) * 1991-10-02 1993-04-07 Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd. Panneaux isolants thermiques et méthode pour les fabriquer
DE4439328A1 (de) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-09 Bayer Ag Wärmeisolierender Körper
US5591505A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-01-07 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Fibrous insulation product having inorganic binders
US5660924A (en) * 1994-04-12 1997-08-26 Kubota Corporation Vacuum heat insulator

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3363685D1 (en) * 1982-04-17 1986-07-03 Automotive Prod Plc A disc brake
CH670673A5 (fr) * 1985-01-30 1989-06-30 Sarna Kunststoff Ag
DE3707768A1 (de) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-22 Friedrich Hensberg Vakuum-waermeisolierung
DE4239476A1 (de) * 1992-11-25 1994-05-26 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Mehrschaliges Formstück sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbringen biegbarer Dämmplatten zwischen die Wandungen des Formstücks
DE4337738A1 (de) * 1993-11-05 1995-05-11 Martin Dipl Ing Zeitler Vorrichtung für die Wärmedämmung eines Objekts

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2747269A (en) * 1952-09-27 1956-05-29 Gen Electric Insulating structures
US2939811A (en) * 1957-03-25 1960-06-07 Gen Electric Heat-insulating units for refrigerator cabinets
US4444821A (en) * 1982-11-01 1984-04-24 General Electric Company Vacuum thermal insulation panel
US4636416A (en) * 1984-05-18 1987-01-13 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Shaped microporous thermal insulation body with sheathing and process for making same
US4668555A (en) * 1984-12-27 1987-05-26 Matsushita Refrigeration Co. Heat insulating body
EP0535977A1 (fr) * 1991-10-02 1993-04-07 Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd. Panneaux isolants thermiques et méthode pour les fabriquer
US5660924A (en) * 1994-04-12 1997-08-26 Kubota Corporation Vacuum heat insulator
DE4439328A1 (de) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-09 Bayer Ag Wärmeisolierender Körper
US5591505A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-01-07 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Fibrous insulation product having inorganic binders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19704323C1 (de) 1998-07-02

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