[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1994004753A1 - Agent d'impregnation utile pour la fabrication de papiers tres resistants a la penetration de graisses, d'huiles et de milieux aqueux - Google Patents

Agent d'impregnation utile pour la fabrication de papiers tres resistants a la penetration de graisses, d'huiles et de milieux aqueux Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994004753A1
WO1994004753A1 PCT/DE1993/000724 DE9300724W WO9404753A1 WO 1994004753 A1 WO1994004753 A1 WO 1994004753A1 DE 9300724 W DE9300724 W DE 9300724W WO 9404753 A1 WO9404753 A1 WO 9404753A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polyvinyl alcohol
grease
alcohol solution
impregnating agent
aqueous media
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1993/000724
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Ullmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DRESDEN PAPIER AG
Original Assignee
DRESDEN PAPIER AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DRESDEN PAPIER AG filed Critical DRESDEN PAPIER AG
Priority to AU49416/93A priority Critical patent/AU4941693A/en
Publication of WO1994004753A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994004753A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/06—Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/10—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/11—Halides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/36—Polyalkenyalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/53—Polyethers; Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
    • D21H17/57—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
    • D21H21/20—Wet strength agents

Definitions

  • Impregnation agent for the production of papers with high penetration resistance against fats, oils and aqueous media Impregnation agent for the production of papers with high penetration resistance against fats, oils and aqueous media
  • the invention relates to an agent for the production of impregnated papers inside or outside the paper machine, with which the paper is given high penetration resistance to fats, oils and aqueous media by means of surface finishing.
  • Impregnation media for coating papers inside and outside of paper machines which contain silicone oil dispersions and / or silicone wax dispersions are also known. With these impregnations, the paper is given very good penetration resistance to fats, oils and also aqueous media, but the papers treated in this way no longer accept adhesive solutions and are therefore not suitable for the application Production of composite materials suitable. Methods are also known for the grease and water-tight finishing of papers outside the paper machine, in which the tightness features are achieved by dispersion or extrusion coatings or also by lamination with metal or plastic films or also by vapor deposition with metal. All of these methods and agents have high penetration resistance to fats, oils and aqueous media, but make the products more difficult to recycle.
  • the aim of the invention is to design an impregnation system for the production of grease, oil and water-tight, recyclable papers inside and outside the paper machine.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing an impregnating medium for producing greaseproof, oilproof, waterproof and nevertheless recyclable papers inside and outside the paper machine, which compared to the prior art of impregnating media used inside the paper machine, while maintaining the fat density, it increases the penetration resistance against water and still ensures sufficient absorption capacity for laminating adhesives.
  • the object is achieved in that a prepared polyvinyl alcohol solution of 2 to 6% concentration, preferably 3%, 3 to 10 volume percent based on the polyvinyl alcohol solution, preferably 6% of an anionic aliphatic-aromatic polyester-polyurethane dispersion of Shore A hardness of 40 to 60 and the molecular weight range from 10,000 to 30,000 and a concentration of 40% is added and mixed in that the mixture now present is a separately prepared mixture consisting of 5 to 20 percent by mass based on polyvinyl alcohol, preferably 15%, made of hydrophobicized precipitated silica in methanol and 1 to 3 percent by volume based on the polyvinyl alcohol dole solution, preferably 2%, an anionic Akylketen dimer dispersion with a concentration of 11% and a particle size of 0.2 to 0.9 micron, is added and mixed in well, the mixture now present 0.5 to 3 volume percent based on the polyvinyl alcohol solution, preferably 2%, of an anionic perfluoroalky
  • this impregnation medium for the impregnation of paper within the paper machine with one of the known application methods and subsequent drying in the after-dryer section allows the production of grease and oil-tight, recyclable papers, which are also due to the proportionate use of an anionic polyester-polyurethane dispersion and hydrophobic precipitated silica have a very high penetration resistance against aqueous media.
  • Example 1 serves for comparison with the prior art.
  • Table 1 The relevant test results determined on the finished paper are shown in Table 1.
  • the impregnation media described in Examples 1 and 2 are applied to both sides using a size press in a paper machine on unsized base paper with a freeness of 40 to 42 SR, a basis weight of 50 g / m and a speed of 350 m / min and then immediately dried in the after-dryer section.
  • the application weight is approximately 1.2 g / m on each side of the paper.
  • Example 1 Example 2 (Invention (State of the Art))
  • Fat density according to Tappi 454 (sec.) Over 1800 resistance to water penetration according to ISO 5633: 2 days between 6 in days or hours and 24.00 hours recyclability (time until complete defibration in the laboratory server): in min. 20.00 18.00 Wet tensile strength: in N 18.00 16.00

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne la fabrication de papier, un agent d'imprégnation, une dispersion de polyester-polyuréthanne, un acide silicique imperméabilisé de précipitation, du sel d'ammonium de diéthanol-phosphate de perfluoroalkyléthyle, un copolymère de styrène-butylacrylate, une dispersion dimère d'alkylcétène, et l'imperméabilisation par rapport aux graisses et à l'eau. Un agent d'imprégnation sert à produire des papiers recyclables imperméables aux graisses et aux huiles ayant une haute résistance à la pénétration de milieux aqueux. On utilise à cet effet, outre les composés perfluorés et les agents d'encollage de l'état de l'art, un acide silicique imperméabilisé de précipitation et une dispersion de polyester-polyuréthanne aliphatique-aromatique.
PCT/DE1993/000724 1992-08-17 1993-08-12 Agent d'impregnation utile pour la fabrication de papiers tres resistants a la penetration de graisses, d'huiles et de milieux aqueux Ceased WO1994004753A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49416/93A AU4941693A (en) 1992-08-17 1993-08-12 Impregnating agent for producing papers with high resistance to the penetration of grease, oil and aqueous media

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924227184 DE4227184C2 (de) 1992-08-17 1992-08-17 Imprägniermittel zur Herstellung von Papieren mit hohem Durchdringungswiderstand gegen Fette, Öle und wässrige Medien und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994004753A1 true WO1994004753A1 (fr) 1994-03-03

Family

ID=6465721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1993/000724 Ceased WO1994004753A1 (fr) 1992-08-17 1993-08-12 Agent d'impregnation utile pour la fabrication de papiers tres resistants a la penetration de graisses, d'huiles et de milieux aqueux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4941693A (fr)
DE (1) DE4227184C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994004753A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0683267A3 (fr) * 1994-05-18 1996-07-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Phosphates contenant du fluor, et leur utilisation en papeterie.
WO2003031720A1 (fr) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-17 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Materiau d'emballage stratifie, procede pour produire un tel materiau et recipient d'emballage produit a partir de ce materiau d'emballage
CN102926290A (zh) * 2012-11-01 2013-02-13 福建希源纸业有限公司 一种转移印花的纸制品及其制造方法
CN104018393A (zh) * 2014-06-12 2014-09-03 苏州经贸职业技术学院 一种高分子施胶剂及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4407878C2 (de) * 1994-03-09 1996-07-04 Bernhard Dettling Aroma- und dampfsperrendes(r), beschichtetes(r) Papier oder Karton
DE59501382D1 (de) 1995-09-08 1998-03-05 Bernhard Dettling Verfahren zum Beschichten von Papier oder Karton
WO2001011139A1 (fr) * 1999-06-11 2001-02-15 Unidur Gmbh Composition d'impregnation de papier, son procede de production, papier impregne et lamine comprenant ce papier impregne
ITFI20120031A1 (it) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-22 Francesco Toschi Accoppiato impermeabile per uso alimentare
DE102012206832A1 (de) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Polyvinylalkohole als Mineralölbarriere in Papier und Karton

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD290106A7 (de) * 1985-11-06 1991-05-23 Vereinigte Papier- U. Kartonfabriken Niederschlema,Werk Faehrbruecke,De Verfahren zur herstellung von mineraloelimpraegniertem lochbandpapier
GB2241966A (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-18 Nacional Moneda Timbre Process for the manufacture of paper

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3545195A1 (de) * 1985-12-20 1987-06-25 Hoechst Ag Isocyanatfreie polyurethan-dispersionen
DE3920379A1 (de) * 1989-06-22 1991-01-03 Heinr Aug Schoeller Soehne Gmb Verfahren zur behandlung der oberflaeche eines naturpapiers
GB8920456D0 (en) * 1989-09-11 1989-10-25 Albright & Wilson Active sizing compositions
DE4001237A1 (de) * 1990-01-18 1991-07-25 Basf Ag Stabilisierte waessrige alkyldiketenemulsionen
EP0462063A1 (fr) * 1990-06-13 1991-12-18 Ciba-Geigy Ag Produit fluoré pour l'encollage du papier

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD290106A7 (de) * 1985-11-06 1991-05-23 Vereinigte Papier- U. Kartonfabriken Niederschlema,Werk Faehrbruecke,De Verfahren zur herstellung von mineraloelimpraegniertem lochbandpapier
GB2241966A (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-18 Nacional Moneda Timbre Process for the manufacture of paper

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0683267A3 (fr) * 1994-05-18 1996-07-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Phosphates contenant du fluor, et leur utilisation en papeterie.
US5714266A (en) * 1994-05-18 1998-02-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fluorine-containing phosphates
WO2003031720A1 (fr) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-17 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Materiau d'emballage stratifie, procede pour produire un tel materiau et recipient d'emballage produit a partir de ce materiau d'emballage
CN100362164C (zh) * 2001-10-09 2008-01-16 利乐拉瓦尔集团及财务有限公司 一种层压包装材料,该材料的生产方法,以及从该包装材料生产的包装容器
US7482055B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2009-01-27 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Laminated packaging material, a method of producing the same, as well as a packaging container produced from the packaging material
CN102926290A (zh) * 2012-11-01 2013-02-13 福建希源纸业有限公司 一种转移印花的纸制品及其制造方法
CN104018393A (zh) * 2014-06-12 2014-09-03 苏州经贸职业技术学院 一种高分子施胶剂及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4227184A1 (de) 1994-02-24
AU4941693A (en) 1994-03-15
DE4227184C2 (de) 1997-09-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69626284T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines dekorativen wärmehärtbarenkunsstoffverbundmaterials
DE3541187C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mit Kunstharzen imprägnierten Papierbahn sowie deren Verwendung
DE1943997A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines epoxymodifizierten Zellulosematerials
DE2718322A1 (de) Gipskartonplatten
DE1921008A1 (de) Dekorativer Schichtstoff mit einer Oberflaeche aus einer gepressten Schicht aus Papier aus fibrillierten Acrylfasern
WO1994004753A1 (fr) Agent d'impregnation utile pour la fabrication de papiers tres resistants a la penetration de graisses, d'huiles et de milieux aqueux
DE10307966B4 (de) Vorimprägnat und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
CH623095A5 (en) Process for producing a multi-ply composite paper
DE102005052672A1 (de) Harzimprägniertes Sicherheitspapier
DE2658784C3 (de) Verwendung eines thermoplastischen Faservlieses
AT525436B1 (de) Transparentpapier
DE2344367C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines fotografischen Papierschichtträgers, der mit einem Polyolefin beschichtet ist
DE69413536T2 (de) Behandlung von zellulosematerial
DE2424471A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung einer folie mit oberflaechenbehandlung und deren verwendung
DE2232847A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von mit aminoplastharzen getraenkten und dekorseitig mit lackharz beschichteten traegerbahnen
DE1031627B (de) Klebestreifen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE19946151C5 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vorimprägnats, das danach hergestellte Vorimprägnat sowie dessen Verwendung
DE102005035691A1 (de) Aminoplastharzfilm zur Beschichtung von Substraten
DE4444489A1 (de) Basispapier für dekorative Beschichtungswerkstoffe
DE1161120B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung bedruck- und beschreibbarer nassfester Flaechengebilde
DE19503745A1 (de) Druckpapier zur Folienherstellung
EP2966222A1 (fr) Matériau de base pour tapisseries
DE1034966B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hartfaserplatten mit Papierauflage
DE1195592B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wellpappe
DE2649919A1 (de) Mit einem polymermaterial impraegniertes papier und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BG BR BY CA CZ FI HU JP KP KR KZ LK LU NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SK UA US VN

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA