WO1986000752A1 - Beam tube for bringing out x-ray light - Google Patents
Beam tube for bringing out x-ray light Download PDFInfo
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- WO1986000752A1 WO1986000752A1 PCT/DE1985/000236 DE8500236W WO8600752A1 WO 1986000752 A1 WO1986000752 A1 WO 1986000752A1 DE 8500236 W DE8500236 W DE 8500236W WO 8600752 A1 WO8600752 A1 WO 8600752A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/001—Arrangements for beam delivery or irradiation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a beam pipe for decoupling X-ray light from a UHV region of an X-ray radiation source according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the X-ray radiation source can, for example, be an electronic circulation system, such as. an electron storage ring. or a. Be electron synchrotron.
- the synchrotron radiation of such electron circulation systems has recently been increasingly used as a powerful X-ray light or X-ray radiation source for scientific experiments, for material analysis or in the semiconductor industry.
- beam tubes For coupling out the synchrotron radiation from such electron circulation systems, so-called beam tubes are used, which establish the connection between the electron circulation system and the area (application area) in which the x-ray radiation is used, for example, for one of the aforementioned purposes.
- the jet pipes are used over their entire length and also the second area, i.e. the application area is carried out in ultra-high vacuum technology, since the beam tube creates a direct connection between the electron circulation system and the application area.
- the beam tubes are designed as continuous tubes, so that in order to maintain the ultra-high vacuum in the electron circulation system, the beam tube and the area of application must also be implemented in UHV technology. This leads to a considerable increase in costs, since ultra-high vacuum components are several times more expensive than, for example, fine vacuum components.
- a pressure reduction in the jet pipe has not yet been considered.
- differential pressure stages are used for such pressure reductions. These essentially consist of a very long and narrow pipe, into which additional screens may be installed, which increase the line resistance.
- the pressure reduction of such differential pressure stages is not only very limited, the constricted pipe cross-section also has the disadvantage that the optical path is also greatly restricted. This is very disadvantageous if, for example, the full geometrical extent of the synchrotron light is to be used.
- differential pressure stages there would be great problems with adjusting the beam path in the beam pipe which has these narrow points.
- a large aperture is required if the light beam by means of optical elements te, for example with mirrors, etc. to be able to illuminate large areas in the vertical direction.
- such elements must be in the ultra-high vacuum part in order to maintain their optical quality. All of this has resulted in the average person having developed a prejudice against pressure reduction in the jet pipe.
- the invention has for its object to provide a beam pipe for coupling out X-ray light according to the preamble of claim 1, which allows a pressure reduction for the X-ray light with a large aperture.
- this thin membrane seals the UHV area of the X-ray source and the smaller UHV part of the jet pipe in a vacuum-tight manner against a second area of the jet pipe as well as, if applicable, the area of application in which there is a higher pressure, for example a fine vacuum of approx. 10 -2 hPa.
- a vacuum-tight membrane - as has been recognized according to the invention - can nevertheless be almost transparent to X-rays.
- the steel tube according to the invention has the same aperture as the prior art with the same geometric dimensions. It is particularly advantageous if - as claimed in claim 2 - the membrane consists of materials with a low mass number because of the strong mass dependence of the X-ray absorption.
- membrane In claim 3 it is characterized that preferred materials for the membrane are metals or semiconductors, for example aluminum, beryllium, magnesium or silicon and their compounds.
- the use of the membrane according to the invention for reducing the pressure has the advantage that the jet pipe is easy to handle and the membrane takes up little space. Since the absorption, particularly of the elements to be used with preference, is very high in the long-wave range, the heat load for the subsequent components is very low. The good thermal stability and the high thermal conductivity of silicon, for example, allow the use of this material, inter alia, even at the highest radiation intensities. This is another surprising advantage of the membrane according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows another way to attach the membrane
- Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a membrane according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows part of a jet pipe.
- a thin, but vacuum-tight membrane 1 separates an ultra-high vacuum area A of the jet pipe from an area B in which a substantially higher pressure, for example a pressure in the fine vacuum or high vacuum area, is maintained.
- Area B is followed by the application area, not shown, in which experimental setups are arranged; a vacuum connection between the application area and area B is not absolutely necessary.
- the area A is directly connected in terms of vacuum to the X-ray radiation source, which is designed using UHV technology.
- the pressure is typically a few 10 -9 hPa, while in range B the pressure is typically 10 -2 hpa is.
- the membrane 1 is attached to a window flange 2.
- the window flange 2 is connected to the flanges 4 and 5 of the jet pipe using conventional vacuum sealing technology.
- the known vacuum sealing technology is only shown schematically by the elements 3, for example O-rings.
- the thin membrane 1 is connected to the window flange 2 in a vacuum-tight manner by means of sealing rings 6 and a retaining ring 7.
- the two sealing rings 6 can preferably be arranged slightly offset, so that the membrane 1 is simultaneously slightly tensioned.
- the sealing rings 6 can be conventional vacuum sealing elements, for example O-rings, but soft metal rings, for example made of gold, indium or lead, can also be used as sealing rings.
- a window flange 2 which carries the membrane 1
- the membrane 1 can be easily replaced in the event of damage or if another radiation source is used.
- FIG. 2 shows a further possibility of attaching the membrane 1 to the window flange 2 in a vacuum-tight manner.
- the membrane 1 is tightly connected to the window flange 2 by means of a sealing and adhesive compound 8, which is very thin.
- Vacuum-compatible adhesives commonly used, for example two-component adhesives, can be used as sealants and adhesives. Since the adhesive surfaces are very small, the emission rate of the adhesive is very low.
- FIG. 3 shows a special embodiment of the thin membrane 1.
- the membrane 1 has a circular area 1 a on, the thickness of which is very small compared to the surrounding annular area 1b.
- Such a membrane can be produced, for example, by etching a 400 to 500 ⁇ m thick silicon wafer in such a way that the circular region 1a is formed.
- the annular area 1b, ie the edge also serves as a clamping frame for the film 1a and can be connected to the window flange 2, for example in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, without the actual membrane 1a itself being mechanically stressed.
- the use of a membrane according to the invention has the advantage that an excellent pressure reduction is achieved.
- a membrane according to the invention has the advantage that an excellent pressure reduction is achieved.
- Silicon foil with a thickness of 1.5 ⁇ m and an area of 15 cm 2 can achieve pressure reductions of 10 -9 hPa against 10 -2 hPa at any time.
- the membrane can be connected to the window flange by means of a sintering or diffusion process.
- Silver for example, can be used as the diffusion material.
- This method of vacuum-tight fastening has the advantage that the window flange 2 together with the membrane can also be heated to higher temperatures when the UHV part of the vacuum system is heated.
- the x-ray permeable membrane can also have a rectangular or other shape.
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Abstract
Description
Strahlrohr zum Auskoppeln von Röntgenlicht Beam tube for decoupling X-ray light
Beschreibungdescription
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Strahlrohr zum Auskoppeln von Röntgenlicht aus einem UHV-Bereich einer Röntgenstrahlungsquelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a beam pipe for decoupling X-ray light from a UHV region of an X-ray radiation source according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Die Röntgenstrahlungsquelle kann beispielsweise ein Elektrσnenumlaufrsystern, wie. ein Elektronenspeicherring. oder ein. Elektronensynchrotron sein. Die Synchrotronstrahlung derartiger Elektronenumlaufsysteπre wird in letzter Zeit verstärkt als leistungsfähige Röntgenlicht- bzw. Röntgenstrahlungs-Quelle für wissenschaftliche Experimente, zur Materialuntersuchung oder in der Halbleiterindustrie verwendet.The X-ray radiation source can, for example, be an electronic circulation system, such as. an electron storage ring. or a. Be electron synchrotron. The synchrotron radiation of such electron circulation systems has recently been increasingly used as a powerful X-ray light or X-ray radiation source for scientific experiments, for material analysis or in the semiconductor industry.
Zur Auskoppelung der Synchrotronstrahlung aus derartigen Elektronenumlaufsystemen werden sogenannte Strahlrohre verwendet, die die Verbindung zwischen dem ElektronenumlaufSystem und dem Bereich (Anwendungsbereich) herstellen, an dem die Röntgenstrahlung beispielsweise zu einem der vorstehend genannten Zwecke verwendet wird.For coupling out the synchrotron radiation from such electron circulation systems, so-called beam tubes are used, which establish the connection between the electron circulation system and the area (application area) in which the x-ray radiation is used, for example, for one of the aforementioned purposes.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
In Elektronenumlaufsystemen muß Ultrahochvakuum von ca. 10-9 hPa aufrecht erhalten werden, um ausreichend große Ströme und Speicherzeiten für die Elektronen zu erhalten; auch im Strahlrohr sollte Vakuum aufrecht erhalten werden, um starke Absorptionsverluste der Synchrotronstrahlung zu vermeiden, deren Wellenlängen vom fernen Infrarot bis weit in den Röntgenbereich reichen. Andererseits ist es jedoch oft ausreichend, wenn das Vakuum in dem zweiten Bereich, in dem die Anwendung des Röntgenlichts erfolgt, Feinvakuum bis Hochvakuum ist.In electron circulation systems, ultra-high vacuum of approx. 10 -9 hPa must be maintained in order to obtain sufficiently large currents and storage times for the electrons; Vacuum should also be maintained in the jet pipe to avoid strong absorption losses of the synchrotron radiation, whose wavelengths range from far infrared to far range into the X-ray range. On the other hand, however, it is often sufficient if the vacuum in the second area in which the X-ray light is used is fine vacuum to high vacuum.
Trotzdem werden nach dem Stand der Technik die Strahlrohre über ihre gesamt Länge und auch der zweite Bereich, d.h. der Anwendungsbereich in Ultrahochvakuum-Technik ausgeführt, da das Strahlrohr eine direkte Verbindung zwischen dem ElektronenumlaufSystem und dem Anwendungsbereich herstellt. Nach dem Stand der Technik sind nämlich die Strahlrohre als durchgehende Rohre ausgeführt, so daß zur Aufrechterhaltung des Ultrahochvakuums in deπr Elektronenumlaufsystem auch das Strahlrohr und der Anwendungsbereich in UHV-Technik ausgeführt sein müssen. Dies führt zu einer erheblichen Kostensteigerung, da Ultrahochvakuum-Bauteile um ein mehrfaches teurer sind als beispielsweise Feinvakuum-Bauteile.Nevertheless, according to the state of the art, the jet pipes are used over their entire length and also the second area, i.e. the application area is carried out in ultra-high vacuum technology, since the beam tube creates a direct connection between the electron circulation system and the application area. According to the prior art, the beam tubes are designed as continuous tubes, so that in order to maintain the ultra-high vacuum in the electron circulation system, the beam tube and the area of application must also be implemented in UHV technology. This leads to a considerable increase in costs, since ultra-high vacuum components are several times more expensive than, for example, fine vacuum components.
Eine Druckuntersetzung im Strahlrohr ist bislang noch nicht in Betracht gezogen worden. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden für derartige Druckuntersetzungen differentielle Druckstuferr verwendet. Diese bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem sehr langen und engen Rohr, in das gegebenenfalls zusätzlich Blenden eingebaut sind, die den Leitungswiderstand heraufsetzen. Die Druckuntersetzung derartiger differentieller Druckstufen ist nicht nur sehr begrenzt, der verengte Rohrquerschnitt hat darüberhinaus den Nachteil, daß der optische Weg ebenfalls stark eingeengt ist. Dies ist sehr nachteilig, wenn beispielsweise das Synchrotronlicht in seiner vollen geometrischen Ausdehnung genutzt werden soll.. Auch würden sich bei derartigen differentiellen Druckstufen große Probleme mit dem Justieren des Strahlengangs in dem Strahlrohr ergeben, das diese Engstellen aufweist. Erschwerend kommt noch hinzu, daß gerade eine große Apertur erforderlich ist, wenn der Lichtstrahl mittels optischer Elemen te, beispielsweise mit Spiegeln, etc. ausgelenkt werden soll, um auch in vertikaler Richtung große Flächen ausleuchten zu können. Derartige Elemente müssen sich jedoch unbedingt im Ultrahochvakuumteil befinden, damit ihre optische Güte erhalten bleibt. Dies alles hat dazu geführt, daß der Durchschnittsfachmann, ein Vorurteil gegen eine Druckuntersetzung im Strahlrohr entwickelt hat.A pressure reduction in the jet pipe has not yet been considered. According to the prior art, differential pressure stages are used for such pressure reductions. These essentially consist of a very long and narrow pipe, into which additional screens may be installed, which increase the line resistance. The pressure reduction of such differential pressure stages is not only very limited, the constricted pipe cross-section also has the disadvantage that the optical path is also greatly restricted. This is very disadvantageous if, for example, the full geometrical extent of the synchrotron light is to be used. Also with such differential pressure stages there would be great problems with adjusting the beam path in the beam pipe which has these narrow points. To make matters worse, a large aperture is required if the light beam by means of optical elements te, for example with mirrors, etc. to be able to illuminate large areas in the vertical direction. However, such elements must be in the ultra-high vacuum part in order to maintain their optical quality. All of this has resulted in the average person having developed a prejudice against pressure reduction in the jet pipe.
Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Strahlrohr zum Auskoppeln von Röntgenlicht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 anzugeben, das es bei großer Apertur für das Röntgenlicht eine Druckuntersetzung erlaubt.The invention has for its object to provide a beam pipe for coupling out X-ray light according to the preamble of claim 1, which allows a pressure reduction for the X-ray light with a large aperture.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist mit ihren Weiterbildungen in den Patentansprüchen angegeben.A solution to this problem according to the invention is specified with its developments in the claims.
Erfindungsgemäß ist erkannt worden, daß es möglich ist, im Strahlrohr eine Druckuntersetzung dadurch zu erhalten, daß im Strahlrohr eine dünne Membran angeordnet ist. Diese dünne Membran dichtet einerseits den UHV-Bereich der Röntgenquelle sowie den kleineren UHV-Teil des Strahlrohrs vakuumdicht gegen einen zweiten Bereich des Strahlrohrs sowie gegebenenfalls den Anwendungsbereich ab, in denen ein höherer Druck, beispielsweise ein Feinvakuum von ca. 10-2 hPa herrscht. Andererseits kann eine derartige vakuumdichte Membran - wie erfindungsgemäß erkannt worden ist - dennoch für Röntgenstrahlung nahezu durchlässig sein. Da nur noch ein kleiner Teil des Strahlrohrs in UHV-Technik ausgeführt werden muß, sind die Herstellungs- und auch die Unterhaltskosten (weniger Ausheizen etc.) des Strahlrohrs wesentlich geringer als beim Stand der Technik. Trotzdem weist das erfindungsgemäße Stahlrohr bei gleichen geometrischen Abmessungen dieselbe Apertur wie der Stand der Technik auf. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft wenn - wie in Anspruch 2 beansprucht - die Membran wegen der starken Massenabhängigkeit der Röntgenabsorption aus Materialien mit niedriger Massenzahl besteht.According to the invention it has been recognized that it is possible to obtain a pressure reduction in the jet pipe by arranging a thin membrane in the jet pipe. On the one hand, this thin membrane seals the UHV area of the X-ray source and the smaller UHV part of the jet pipe in a vacuum-tight manner against a second area of the jet pipe as well as, if applicable, the area of application in which there is a higher pressure, for example a fine vacuum of approx. 10 -2 hPa. On the other hand, such a vacuum-tight membrane - as has been recognized according to the invention - can nevertheless be almost transparent to X-rays. Since only a small part of the jet pipe has to be constructed using UHV technology, the manufacturing and maintenance costs (less heating etc.) of the jet pipe are significantly lower than in the prior art. Nevertheless, the steel tube according to the invention has the same aperture as the prior art with the same geometric dimensions. It is particularly advantageous if - as claimed in claim 2 - the membrane consists of materials with a low mass number because of the strong mass dependence of the X-ray absorption.
In Anspruch 3 ist gekennzeichnet, daß -bevorzugte Materialien für die Membran Metalle oder Halbleiter, beispielsweise Aluminium, Beryllium, Magnesium oder Silizium nsowie deren Verbindungen sind.In claim 3 it is characterized that preferred materials for the membrane are metals or semiconductors, for example aluminum, beryllium, magnesium or silicon and their compounds.
Da die mechanische Belastung aufgrund der Druckdifferenz zwischen den beiden Vakuumbereichen minimal ist, und andererseits die Absorption des Rontgenlichts von der Dicke der Membran abhängt, kann diese außerordentlich dünn sein. In Anspruch 4 ist ein bevorzugter Dickenbereich für die Membran angegeben.Since the mechanical load is minimal due to the pressure difference between the two vacuum areas and, on the other hand, the absorption of the X-ray light depends on the thickness of the membrane, this can be extremely thin. In claim 4, a preferred thickness range for the membrane is given.
In den Ansprüchen 5 bis 8 sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen der Membran beansprucht.Various embodiments of the membrane are claimed in claims 5 to 8.
In jedem Falle hat die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Membran zur Druckuntersetzung den Vorteil, daß das Strahlrohr einfach zu handhaben ist, und die Membran nur einen geringen Platzbedarf hat. Da die Absorption insbesondere der bevorzugt zu verwendenden Elemente im langwelligen Bereich sehr hoch ist, ist die Wärmebelastung für die nachfolgenden Bauteile sehr gering. Die gute thermische Stabilität und die hohe thermische Leitfähigkeit beispielsleise von Silizium läßt die Verwendung unter anderem dieses Materials auch bei höchsten Strahlungsintensitäten zu. Dies ist ein weiterer überraschender Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Membran .In any case, the use of the membrane according to the invention for reducing the pressure has the advantage that the jet pipe is easy to handle and the membrane takes up little space. Since the absorption, particularly of the elements to be used with preference, is very high in the long-wave range, the heat load for the subsequent components is very low. The good thermal stability and the high thermal conductivity of silicon, for example, allow the use of this material, inter alia, even at the highest radiation intensities. This is another surprising advantage of the membrane according to the invention.
Dennoch kann durch die Aufteilung des Strahlrohrs in einen Bereich, in dem Ultrahochvakuum aufrecht erhalten wird, und in einem Bereich, in dem lediglich Feinvakuum oder niedriges Hochvakuum herrscht, der Anteil der in UHV-Technik auszuführenden Bauteile klein gehalten werden, so daß sich eine wesentliche Kostenersparnis ergibt. Andererseits ist das wesentlich geringere Vakuum im zweiten Teil des Strahlrohrs für einen nahezu absorptionsfreien Durchgang der Röntgenstrahlung ausreichend.Nevertheless, by dividing the jet pipe into one Area in which ultra-high vacuum is maintained, and in an area in which there is only fine vacuum or low high vacuum, the proportion of components to be carried out using UHV technology is kept small, so that there is a substantial cost saving. On the other hand, the much lower vacuum in the second part of the jet pipe is sufficient for an almost absorption-free passage of the X-rays.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend exemplarisch unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben in der zeigen:The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawing in which:
Fig. 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Strahlrohr,1 is a jet pipe according to the invention,
Fig. 2 ein weitere Möglichkeit, die Membran zu befestigen, undFig. 2 shows another way to attach the membrane, and
Fig. 3 ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Membran.Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a membrane according to the invention.
Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays of Carrying Out the Invention
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Teil eines Strahlrohrs. Eine dünne, jedoch vakuumdichte Membran 1 trennt einen Ultrahochvakuumbereich A des Strahlrohrs von einem Bereich B, in dem ein wesentlich höherer Druck, beispielsweise ein Druck im Feinvakuum- oder Hochvakuumbereich aufrecht erhalten wird. An den Bereich B schließt sich der nicht dargestellte Anwendungsbereich an, in dem Versuchsaufbauten etc angeordnet sind; eine vakuummäßige Verbindung zwischen dem Anwendungsbereich und dem Bereich B ist nicht zwingend erforderlich. Der Bereich A ist mit der in UHV-Technik ausgeführten Röntgenstrahlungsquelle vakummäßig direkt verbunden. Im Ultrahochvakuumbereich A, der mit UHV-Elementen wie Flansche, Rohrleitungen, Ventile und Pumpen ausgeführt werden muß, beträqt der Druck typischerweise einige 10-9 hPa, wahrend im Bereich B der DrucK typischerweise 10-2 hpa beträgt.Fig. 1 shows part of a jet pipe. A thin, but vacuum-tight membrane 1 separates an ultra-high vacuum area A of the jet pipe from an area B in which a substantially higher pressure, for example a pressure in the fine vacuum or high vacuum area, is maintained. Area B is followed by the application area, not shown, in which experimental setups are arranged; a vacuum connection between the application area and area B is not absolutely necessary. The area A is directly connected in terms of vacuum to the X-ray radiation source, which is designed using UHV technology. In the ultra-high vacuum range A, which must be carried out with UHV elements such as flanges, pipes, valves and pumps, the pressure is typically a few 10 -9 hPa, while in range B the pressure is typically 10 -2 hpa is.
Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsform ist die Membran 1 an einem Fensterflansch 2 befestigt. Der Fensterflansch 2 ist in üblicher Vakuum-Dichtungstechnik mit den Flanschen 4 und 5 des Strahlrohrs verbunden. Die bekannte Vakuumdichtungstechnik ist nur schematisch durch die Elemente 3, beispielsweise O-Ringe dargestellt.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the membrane 1 is attached to a window flange 2. The window flange 2 is connected to the flanges 4 and 5 of the jet pipe using conventional vacuum sealing technology. The known vacuum sealing technology is only shown schematically by the elements 3, for example O-rings.
Die dünne Membran 1 ist bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform mittels Dichtringen 6 und eines Halterings 7 vakuumdicht, mit dem Fensterflansch 2 verbunden. Die beiden Dichtringe 6 können vorzugsweise leicht versetzt angeordnet werden, so daß die Membran 1 .gleichzeitig leicht gespannt wird. Die Dichtringe 6 können übliche Vakuum-Dichtelemente, beispielsweise O-Ringe sein, jedoch können als Dichtringe auch weiche Metallringe beispielsweise aus Gold, Indium oder Blei verwendet werden.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the thin membrane 1 is connected to the window flange 2 in a vacuum-tight manner by means of sealing rings 6 and a retaining ring 7. The two sealing rings 6 can preferably be arranged slightly offset, so that the membrane 1 is simultaneously slightly tensioned. The sealing rings 6 can be conventional vacuum sealing elements, for example O-rings, but soft metal rings, for example made of gold, indium or lead, can also be used as sealing rings.
Die Verwendung eines Fensterflansches 2, der die Membran 1 trägt, hat den Vorteil, daß die Membran 1 im Falle einer Beschädigung oder bei Verwendung einer anderen Strahlungsquelle leicht ausgetauscht werden kann.The use of a window flange 2, which carries the membrane 1, has the advantage that the membrane 1 can be easily replaced in the event of damage or if another radiation source is used.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine weitere Möglichkeit, die Membran 1 an den Fensterflansch 2 vakuumdicht zu befestigen. Die Membran 1 ist mittels einer Dicht- und Klebemasse 8, die sehr dünn ist, dicht mit dem Fensterflansch 2 verbunden. Als Dichtund Klebemassen können üblicherweise verwendete vakuumtaugliche Klebstoffe, beispielsweise Zwei-Komponenten-Klebstoffe verwendet werden. Da die Klebeoberflächen sehr klein sind, ist die Abgasrate des Klebstoffs sehr gering.FIG. 2 shows a further possibility of attaching the membrane 1 to the window flange 2 in a vacuum-tight manner. The membrane 1 is tightly connected to the window flange 2 by means of a sealing and adhesive compound 8, which is very thin. Vacuum-compatible adhesives commonly used, for example two-component adhesives, can be used as sealants and adhesives. Since the adhesive surfaces are very small, the emission rate of the adhesive is very low.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine besondere Ausführungsform der dünnen Membran 1. Die Membran 1 weist einen kreisförmigen Bereich la auf, dessen Dicke im Vergleich zu dem in umgebenden ringförmigen Bereich 1b sehr gering ist. Eine derartige Membran, kann beispielsweise dadurch hergestellt werden, daß eine 400 bis 500 μ m dicke Siliziumscheibe so angeätzt wird , daß der kreisförmige Bereich 1a entsteht. Der ringförmige Bereich 1b, d.h. der Rand dient gleichzeitig als Spannrahmen für die Folie 1a und kann beispielsweise in der in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Weise mit dem Fensterflansch 2 verbunden werden, ohne das die eigentliche Membran 1a selbst mechanisch beansprucht wird.FIG. 3 shows a special embodiment of the thin membrane 1. The membrane 1 has a circular area 1 a on, the thickness of which is very small compared to the surrounding annular area 1b. Such a membrane can be produced, for example, by etching a 400 to 500 μm thick silicon wafer in such a way that the circular region 1a is formed. The annular area 1b, ie the edge also serves as a clamping frame for the film 1a and can be connected to the window flange 2, for example in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, without the actual membrane 1a itself being mechanically stressed.
In jedem Falle hat die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung einer Membran den Vorteil, daß eine hervorragende Druckuntersetzung erreicht wird. Beispielsweise bei Verwendung einerIn any case, the use of a membrane according to the invention has the advantage that an excellent pressure reduction is achieved. For example, when using a
Siliziumfolie mit einer Dicke von 1,5 μm und einer Fläche von 15 cm 2 können jederzeit Druckuntersetzungen von 10-9 hPa gegen 10 -2 hPa erreicht werden.Silicon foil with a thickness of 1.5 μm and an area of 15 cm 2 can achieve pressure reductions of 10 -9 hPa against 10 -2 hPa at any time.
Vorstehend ist die Erfindung exemplarisch beschrieben worden. Im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Grundgedankens, bereits im Strahlrohr eine Druckuntersetzung zu erzielen und zum Trennen der Vakuumbereich eine dichte, aber Röntgenlicht-durchlässige Membran zu verwenden, sinddie verschiedensten Modifikationen möglich:The invention has been described above by way of example. Various modifications are possible within the framework of the basic idea of the invention to achieve a pressure reduction in the jet pipe and to use a dense but X-ray transparent membrane to separate the vacuum area:
Beispielsweise kann die Membran mittels eines Sinter- oder Diffusionsprozesses mit dem Fensterflansch verbunden werden. Als Diffusionsmaterial kann beispielsweise Silber verwendet werden. Dieses Verfahren der vakuumdichten Befestigung hat den Vorteil, daß der Fensterflansch 2 samt Membran beim Ausheizen des UHV-Teils des Vakuumsystems ebenfalls auf höhere Temperaturen erwärmt werden kann.For example, the membrane can be connected to the window flange by means of a sintering or diffusion process. Silver, for example, can be used as the diffusion material. This method of vacuum-tight fastening has the advantage that the window flange 2 together with the membrane can also be heated to higher temperatures when the UHV part of the vacuum system is heated.
Darüberhinaus ist es selbstverständlich nicht erforderlich Membrane mit runder Form zu verwenden. Die Röntgenstrahl durchlässigen Membrane können auch eine rechteckige oder sonstige Form haben.In addition, it is of course not necessary to use a membrane with a round shape. The x-ray permeable membrane can also have a rectangular or other shape.
In jedem Falle erzielt man durch die Aufteilung des Strahlrohrs in zwei Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Drücken eine wesentliche Kostenersparnis, ohne daß die Apertur des Strahlrohrs verschlechtert würde. In any case, by dividing the jet pipe into two areas with different pressures, a substantial cost saving is achieved without the aperture of the jet pipe being deteriorated.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843425146 DE3425146A1 (en) | 1984-07-07 | 1984-07-07 | RADIANT TUBE FOR COUPLING X-RAY LIGHT FROM A SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCE |
| DEP3425146.4 | 1984-07-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1986000752A1 true WO1986000752A1 (en) | 1986-01-30 |
Family
ID=6240135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1985/000236 Ceased WO1986000752A1 (en) | 1984-07-07 | 1985-07-08 | Beam tube for bringing out x-ray light |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0187786A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS62501110A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3425146A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1986000752A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0469895A3 (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-08-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | X-ray transmitting window and method of mounting the same |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3711293A1 (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-27 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | QUICK-CLOSING 2-WAY VALVE OF A VACUUM PROTECTION SYSTEM |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE760042C (en) * | 1940-09-20 | 1954-02-22 | Siemens & Halske A G | Quick release fastener for a vacuum-tight vessel, especially a cyclotron |
| DE2951387A1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-02 | Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Desy, 2000 Hamburg | QUICK-RELEASE VALVE FOR HIGH VACUUM OR ULTRA HIGH VACUUM OPERATIONS |
| DE3022127A1 (en) * | 1980-06-10 | 1982-01-07 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut für Kernforschung Berlin GmbH, 1000 Berlin | Radiation permeable window with metal foil - which forms annular seal with its frame unit and is insertable between flanges |
| US4342917A (en) * | 1978-01-16 | 1982-08-03 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | X-ray lithography apparatus and method of use |
| WO1983003674A1 (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-10-27 | Battelle Development Corp | Providing x-rays |
-
1984
- 1984-07-07 DE DE19843425146 patent/DE3425146A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-07-08 WO PCT/DE1985/000236 patent/WO1986000752A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-07-08 EP EP85903226A patent/EP0187786A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-07-08 JP JP60503221A patent/JPS62501110A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE760042C (en) * | 1940-09-20 | 1954-02-22 | Siemens & Halske A G | Quick release fastener for a vacuum-tight vessel, especially a cyclotron |
| US4342917A (en) * | 1978-01-16 | 1982-08-03 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | X-ray lithography apparatus and method of use |
| DE2951387A1 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-02 | Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Desy, 2000 Hamburg | QUICK-RELEASE VALVE FOR HIGH VACUUM OR ULTRA HIGH VACUUM OPERATIONS |
| DE3022127A1 (en) * | 1980-06-10 | 1982-01-07 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut für Kernforschung Berlin GmbH, 1000 Berlin | Radiation permeable window with metal foil - which forms annular seal with its frame unit and is insertable between flanges |
| WO1983003674A1 (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-10-27 | Battelle Development Corp | Providing x-rays |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Vol. 26, No. 1, June 1983, New York (US) L.V. GAL et al.: "Cascade Beryllium Window Arrangement for X-Ray Lithography", page 34, see page 34, lines 1-26 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0469895A3 (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-08-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | X-ray transmitting window and method of mounting the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62501110A (en) | 1987-04-30 |
| DE3425146A1 (en) | 1986-01-16 |
| EP0187786A1 (en) | 1986-07-23 |
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