WO1982000674A1 - Device for staying excavations with steel armour plates - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for shoring the walls of an excavation comprises armor plates with large flat surfaces (2, 3), the edges of each side of which are guided and supported by grooves (5, 5 ') located in the guide on stays (1). The props are arranged in pairs opposite one another and held in this position by spacers (10). To decrease the friction resistance between the plates (2, 3) and the props (1), rollers (8, 11, 16) with horizontal axes are provided. Each side of the prop guide grooves (5, 5 '), which is furthest away from the wall of the excavation, is constituted by a row of rollers (8, 11, 16) mounted on the props (1) .

Description

Description: Device for supporting trenches with steel shoring plates

The invention relates to a device for supporting the walls of a trench with large-area shoring plates, the side edges of which are located on supports on both sides

Guide slots are guided and supported, the supports being arranged opposite one another in pairs and kept at a distance by means of cross struts and rollers which rotate around horizontal axes to reduce the frictional resistance between the lining plates and the supports.

From DE-OS 23 23 321 a device of the type mentioned is known, the shoring plates of which have guide heads on their lateral edges, which are guided in a form-fitting manner in the supports in a vertically displaceable manner. Rollers are arranged on the guide heads, some of which are mounted on axes perpendicular to the shoring wall plane and others on axes which are in a plane between the side surfaces of the shoring panel and perpendicular to the support (DE-AS 23 23 321). The arrangement of rollers on the guide heads of the shoring panels has the disadvantage that this soil, which has penetrated into the interior of the support, is rolled onto the flanges of the hollow profile and thereby impair the function of the guides.

Another serious disadvantage is seen in the fact that the rollers arranged in this way protrude freely and unprotected over the shoring plates, which is why there is a risk of damage both during transport and when inserting the shoring plates into the supports, all the more so than in rough conditions On site operations, consideration of the mostly untrained personnel on the exposed arrangement of the roles is not to be expected. Because the shoring plates are made from 2 to 3 mm thick sheet metal for weight reasons, it is not possible to store the rollers on the shoring plates reliably and with great force.

The object of the invention is to provide the arrangement of rollers between shoring plates and their guides in a trench shoring device in such a way that the rollers fully fulfill their function even under the most unfavorable site conditions in civil engineering, even if these are left in contact with the ground and / or corrosive mine water for weeks and months without maintenance without maintenance. The arrangement is also intended to prevent damage in transit. Another object of the invention is to make this roller arrangement as robust and uncomplicated as possible.

This object is achieved in that the rollers on the supports are formed by a row of rollers mounted on the supports from the trench wall side of the guide slots.

f OM This arrangement has the advantage that, in contrast to the fastening of the rollers to the shoring panels, damage to the rollers by transport is largely prevented because these rollers, which are attached to the supports, lie protected within the profiles of the supports. Robust storage of the rollers is also possible because the wall thickness of the support is considerably thicker. Likewise, it is not possible to damage the rollers when the sheeting plates are inserted into the guides because they only protrude from the levels of the entries with a relatively small protrusion.

To protect the rollers, webs can be arranged between them in such a way that the rollers project between the webs by between 5 and 30 mm, preferably between 10 and 20 mm. Since the top roller is endangered when a shoring plate is inserted into the guide slots of adjacent supports, a guide web is arranged above it to protect it. Together with the support wall, which forms the side of the guide slot closer to the trench wall, this guide web forms the upper junction.

This opening can be widened like a funnel for easier insertion of the shoring plates into the guide slots.

The rollers mounted on the supports can have wheel flanges which engage vertical guide heads arranged at right angles to the plane of the shoring panels on the lateral edges of the shoring panels. This eliminates the need to arrange rollers on the axes perpendicular to the shoring wall level for the purpose of frictional connection in the longitudinal direction, as is the case with the device according to DE-AS 23 23 321.

'OM One embodiment of the invention provides that the rollers as rolling elements can be rolled vertically to a limited extent in a vertical roller guide between a raceway, the roller guide and the installation plate. This results in the advantage, which is of importance in civil engineering on construction sites, that this bearing is largely insensitive to dirt, corrosion and wear, and an expedient embodiment provides that the roller acting as a rolling element has stub axles which Roll on the roller guide tracks.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that in order to maintain defined axial distances between adjacent supports, this longitudinal direction of the trench is connected to one another by tie rods or pull cables. This configuration has the advantage that a frictional connection between supports and shoring panels in the longitudinal direction is not produced by the interlocking of guide heads of the shoring panels and guide profiles of the supports, but by the tension elements. This results in a design of the shoring plates and supports. Furthermore, the risk is reduced that when a shoring plate is inserted or pulled out, it jams in the supports.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the support has an outer base wall and two right-angled side walls, in which at least two parallel rows of supporting rollers are arranged, to form outer and inner guide slots which are offset parallel to the inside are. The outer guide slots are formed by the projecting parts of the base wall and the first row of support rollers. The inner guide slots can be formed by the second row of support rollers and a parallel row of guide rollers spaced therefrom. The function of these guide rollers, on which the outer sides of the shoring plates come to rest and therefore do not have to take up any greater loads, can also be taken over by the supporting roles of the outer guide slot. Finally, instead of the guide rollers, guide elements, such as bolts, flanges or the like, attached to the side walls of the support can also take over the function of the guide roller. Since the supports of the rollers and the guide rollers can be designed in exactly the same way and the guide rollers and the supporting rollers can be attached to the support in an easily replaceable manner, it is expedient to form the inner guide slide exclusively from leading and supporting rollers.

It may also be appropriate to arrange these rollers to form the inner guide slots only in the area of the lower half of the supports. This has the advantage that to insert the sheeting plate into the inner guide slots, the sheeting plates do not have to be lifted up over the supports.

Advantageously, approximately 1 to 2 cm thick strips are arranged on the inside of the base wall in the vicinity of the edges, which cooperate with correspondingly thick strips which are welded to the outside in the edge region of the shoring panels. Since these strips are thicker than the greatest possible play of the shoring plates in the guide slots, a positive connection of the supports standing on a trench wall is made via the in the outer

Guide slots inserted insert plates reached. The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 shows a support of the shoring device according to the invention in side view,

2 shows the same support in a front view, FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a support and parts of the shoring plates in the sectional plane II-III of FIGS. 1 and 2,

4 is a support, the roles of which are equipped with wheel flanges, in side view,

5 shows a front view of the support according to FIG. 4, FIG. 6 shows a view of the support according to section line IV-IV in FIG. 4,

7 a roller with a flange in section, FIG. 8 a roller acting as a rolling element with parts of the roller guide and shoring plate in section,

9 is a side view of the rollers and the shoring plate acting as rolling elements and a sectional view of parts of the roller guide,

10 is a sectional view of a support with rollers acting as rolling elements,

11 is a sectional view of three supports which are connected to one another via pulling cables or pull rods

12 side view of the upper part of a support, FIG. 13 view along the section line XI -XIII in Fig. 12,

14 top view of the support according to FIG. 12,

The shoring device according to FIGS. 1 to 3 has supports 1 in whose guide slots 5 shoring plates 2 and 3 made of steel are slidably guided. The connection Between the supports 1 and the shoring plates 2, 3 in the longitudinal direction of the trench is effected by vertical webs 4 and strips 6 connected to them. The webs 4, as shown in FIG. 2, are arranged at vertical distances 7 from one another. These distances form recesses in which rollers 8 are rotatably mounted on axle bolts. Supports 1 in the trench are mutually supported in pairs against one another by means of transverse struts 10, in particular spreaders, against the pressure of the soil.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper mounting plates 2 are in the guide slots 5 located closer to the trench wall and the lower mounting plates 3 are guided in the guide slots 5 closer to the center of the trench.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, the rollers 11 are equipped with wheel flanges 12 which are in engagement with the guide heads 13 of the mounting plates 2 and 3 and take over the function of the strips 6 in FIGS. 1 to 3. Since rollers 11 equipped with wheel flanges 12 are loaded not only in the radial direction but also in the axial direction, they must be mounted accordingly. 7 shows a corresponding position. In this case, two shoulder ball bearings 14 arranged opposite one another are provided. The bearing is sealed against ingress of dirt by O-ring seals 15.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. Rollers 16 designed as rolling elements are arranged between the guide head 13 of the shoring plate 2 and the web 4 of the support. The rollers 16 are arranged with a projection 18. In such a way that the final pressure absorbed by the shoring panels 2 according to the arrows 19 and 20 via the rollers 16 and their

Achsstummel 21 auf Laufbahnen einer mit dem Steg 4 ver¬ bundenen vertikalen Rollenführung 17 übertragen wird.

Axle stub 21 is transmitted to raceways of a vertical roller guide 17 connected to the web 4.

In Fig. 9, the upper roller 16 is shown in its upper rolling position of its race 22, while the two lower rollers 16 are shown in their lower rolling position. The axle stubs 21 roll on the raceway 22 between these rolling positions. In this example, the axle stub 21 makes a rolling movement of 360 ° and also the periphery of the roller 16. The distance traveled between the installation panel 2 and the support 1 corresponds in each direction to an amount of the axle stub circumference plus the roller circumference. In the upper or lower end position, the stub axles 21 run against stoppers 23, which receive the stub axles 21 in the manner of bearing half-shells.

10 shows a support 1 with two parallel guide slots on each side of the support, so that two outer shoring panels 2 and two inner shoring panels 3 are supported in the support 1 by rollers 16 acting as rolling elements.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11, the supports 1, 1, 1 ^{π are} made of double-T profiles and are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction by pull rods 30 or pull cables 31. The tie rods 30 have a turnbuckle 32. The pulling ropes 31 are anchored to the supports 1 in receiving bores 34 with the aid of shackles 33. Since the supports 1, 1 ^* , 1 "are kept at a defined distance via tie rods 30 and pull cables 31, the shoring plates 2, 3; 2 ', 3';2", 3 "do not require any angled guide heads. The design of the supports 1, 1, 1 "can also be simplified, with only a non-positive connection between the shoring panels 2, 2 ', 2"; 3, 3', 3 "and supports 1, 1 ', 1" is produced via the rollers 8, 8 ', 8 "perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the trench shoring device. As in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 6, webs 4 can be arranged between rollers arranged one above the other.

The steel shoring plates 2,3; 2 ', 3'; 2 ", 3" consist of welded U or Z-shaped sheet metal profiles with a wall thickness of 2 to 3 mm. The side edges of the shoring plate 2, 3, which are supported against the rollers 8, 8 ', 8 "of the supports 1, 1 ^* , 1", expediently exist. 2 *, 3 '; 2 ", 3" made of steel profiles with a wall thickness of at least 5 mm, or steel rails are attached to the side edges, which run on the rollers.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 12 to 14, the support 1 consists of a base wall 35 and two side walls 36, 37 which run at a distance from one another at right angles to the base wall 35 and whose edges directed towards the interior of the trench have a thickening 38 which are each slightly bent outwards so that the space between the two side walls 36, 37 remains free for connecting the cross struts 10 or spreading.

To accommodate the axes 9 for the rollers 8, after openings have been made in the side walls 36, 37, tubes 39 are inserted through these side walls 36, 37, the ends of which on the outer surfaces of the side walls 36, 37 with the side walls 36, 37 are welded. Through these tubes 39, the axle bolts 9 are inserted, which, on their ends protruding from the tubes 39, carry tubular rollers 8, which are held by Seeger retaining rings 40, which are held in grooves provided at the ends of the axle bolts 9.

The support 1 has two parallel guide slots 5 on each side. The outer guide slots 5, which accommodate the upper shoring panels 2 are formed by the base wall 35 and the rollers 8 which are attached to the support 1 at intervals of 50 or 80 cm from one another. So that the supports 1 on a trench wall are positively connected in the longitudinal direction of the trench via the sheeting plate 2, strips 41 are welded to the edges of the base wall, which can be 10 mm high and 20 mm wide, for example, and on the outer sides of the Corresponding strips 42 are welded onto guide edges 43 of the shoring plate 2. The play of the guide edges 43 of the shoring plates 2, 3 between the base wall 35 of the support 1 and the supporting rollers 8 is approximately 5 mm, so that the shoring plate 2 can be easily inserted into the outer guide slot 5. This insertion is additionally facilitated in that a web 4 with an insertion bevel 44 is arranged above the top roller 8, so that the guide slots 5 are widened like a funnel at the upper end of the support 1.

The inner guide slots 5 'are formed by a second row of supporting rollers 8 and a row of guide rollers 28. The shoring plates 3 guided in the inner guide slots 5 'are designed in exactly the same way as the shoring plates 2 guided in the outer guide slots 5. Their strips 42 lie against the guide rollers 28 when they are inserted into the inner guide slots 5. The earth pressure is taken up by the supporting rollers 8. The guide rollers 28 and their axle bolts are constructed in exactly the same way as the supporting rollers 8 and their axle bolts 9 and are also fastened to the support 1 in an easily replaceable manner. The row of the guide roller 28 is offset somewhat inwards from the row of the supporting rollers 8 of the outer guide slot 5, so that the distance between the upper, outer shoring plates 2 and the lower, inner ones Shoring plates 3 is so large that even the deflections of the upper, outer shoring plates 2 which occur as a result of the earth pressure do not lead to faults.

The thickness of the shoring plates 2, 3 and their guide edges 43 and the diameter of the rollers 8 can also be chosen such that the function of the guide rollers 28 is taken over by the supporting rollers 8 of the outer guide slot 8.

Furthermore, it can be expedient to guide the inner guide slot 5 'from the lower end of the support 1 only to approximately above the center of the support 1, so that the supporting rollers 8 for the inner guide slot 5' and the guide rollers 28 in the upper part the support can be omitted.

12 and 14 show, the upper end of the support 1 is covered by a welded-on cover 45. This cover 45 and the welded-in tubes 39 stiffen the support 1. If necessary, additional transverse walls can be attached, which connect the two side walls 36, 37 to one another at their free edges. As shown in FIG. 13, the strips 42, 43 are thicker than the greatest possible play of the shoring panels 2 in the guide slots 5. Thus, there is a positive connection of the supports 1 located on a trench wall 1 via the shoring panels inserted into the outer guide slots 5 2 reached. A corresponding positive connection via the shoring plates 3 to be inserted into the inner guide slots 5 'is not necessary. This embodiment has the advantage that there are no unnecessary parts on the supports 1 which could hinder the insertion of the shoring plates 2, 3 into the guide slots 5, 5 'of the supports.

B E Z U G S Z Ξ I C H Ξ N L I S E:

REFERENCE Ξ I Ξ NLISE:

1 supports 38 thickening

2 shoring plates 39 pipes

3 shoring panels 40 Seeger safety locks:

4 bars 41 strips

5 guide slots 42 bar

6 strips 43 guide edge

7 clearances 44 lead-in chamfers

8 rolls 45 lids

9 axes

10 cross struts

11 rolls

12 wheel flanges

13 guide heads

14 ball bearings

15 seals

16 rolls

17 roller guide

18 survived

19 arrow

20 arrow

21 axle stub

22 careers

23 stoppers

25 base wall

28 leadership roles

30 tie rod

31 pull rope

32 turnbuckle

33 shackles

34 hole

35 base wall

36 side wall -

37 side wall

Claims

PATENT CLAIM Ξ: 1. Device for supporting ^* the walls of a trench with large shoring plates (2, 3), the side edges of which are guided and supported in guide slots (5) located on supports (1) on both sides, the supports (1) being arranged in pairs opposite one another and are kept at a distance by means of cross struts (10) and to reduce the frictional resistance between the shoring plates (2, 3) and the supports (1), rollers (8, 11, 16) are arranged around horizontal axes, characterized in that the The side of the guide slots (5) further away from the trench is formed by a row of rollers (8, 11, 16) mounted on the supports (1). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that webs (4) are arranged between the rollers (8, 11, 16) and the projection (18) of the rollers (8, 11, 16) over the webs (4) between 5 and 30 mm, preferably between 10 and 20 mm. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the rollers (11) have flanges (12) which are in positive engagement with guide heads (13) on the lateral edges of the shoring panels (2, 3). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the rollers (16) as rolling elements in a vertical roller guide (17) between a raceway (22) of the roller guide (17) and the shoring plate (2,3) be¬ is guided in a vertically rollable manner and the rollers (16) have stub axles (21) on both sides, which are supported on the raceways (22) of the roller guide (17). - ii - 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that to maintain defined, the Brei¬ te of the shoring adapted axial distances between adjacent supports (1,1 ', 1 ") by means of extending in the longitudinal direction of the trench in Bores (34) of the supports (1, 1 ', 1 ") of insertable pull rods (30) or pull ropes (31) are connected to one another. 6. The device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the support (1) from a base wall (35) and two right-angled side walls (36, 37) arranged at a distance from one another and the side walls (36, 37) are connected via pipes (39) welded in mutually aligned recesses in the side walls (36, 37) and in the tubes (39) are interchangeable, the axle bolts (9) of the rollers (8) are inserted. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rollers (8) of tube sections pushed onto the axle bolt (9) are formed and are held by Seeger locking rings (40) which are in at the ends of the axle bolts (9 ) grooves are used. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that on the inside at the edges of the base wall (35) of the support (1) and on the outside of the shoring plate (2,3) are welded, the height of which b carries about 10 to 15 mm and the play of the guide edges (43) between the base wall (35) and the supporting rollers (8) is approximately 5 to 8 mm. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide edges (43) of the shoring plates (2,3) are about half as thick as the shoring plates (2,3) and welded to the side edges of the shoring plates (2,3) extending steel profiles are formed. 10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, da¬ characterized in that the side walls (36,37) with j two guide slots (5,5 ') for receiving Verbau¬ plates (2,3) are provided, the inner guide slots (5 ') are each formed by supporting rollers (8) and guide rollers (28). 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that above the uppermost rollers (8) webs (4) with the guide slots (5,5 ') funnel-like widening insertion bevels (44) are angeord¬ net.