US819443A - Apparatus for excavating tunnels. - Google Patents

Description

L. n "lll Hmmm" .m m A Y* A, A u S m l u QN. W .W

J. c. Menu. Y APPARATUS rox BxcAvAnNe TUNKELS.

LPPLIGAIIOI YILED 001.11. IUILS.

PATBNTED MAY 1, 1906.

No. 819,443. K

J. c. MBBM. APPARATUS rox BXCAYATING TUNNBLS.

APPLIUATIOI FILED 061.11. 1905.

a :Instr-43H1;

@md/Micra, xnven'tor;

. Attorneys.

Witnesses nanna-:f wmmst w. n u m m n w A T no P nu d mm. m .nl. MAM .W mun YW .mm CBM mmm mn P ,m1, R A P P A I /M. 3 u. m 9 s m M m M W JAMES C. MEEM, OFBROOKLYN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGXOR OFTWO-THIRDS UNITED STATES PaATENT oFFicEg' TO BOROUGH CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK,..

A CORPORATION.

APPARATUS FOR EXCAVATING TUNN-ELS.

:atenten may 1, 1906..

Application and 0mm 1i, i905. xa'aazaoo.

To all whomI it muy' concern,.-

Be it known that I, JAMES C. Maan, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for exinade of structural iron or steel or iron and distance in front and in rear of the bearing- T f beanis to form a nose-piece 4 and a tailpiece I ork, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Excavating Tunnels, of which the cavating tunnels, and constitutes an im rovi.L ment upon one of similar character w lich is shown in a Unit-ed States Patent granted to me for a method of tunneling, dated June 16,

The object of the present invention is to provide a tool in the nature of a sectional rootl or side shield for tunneling in which each section shall be capable of being operated in- 5, the latter being by preference rejected rearwardly beyond the bearingams a than the former project be- As herein shown, the coverplates are preferably hollow rectangles, and each is provided with two inturned flanges 6, through which pass bolts or'rivets 7, that. secure t iem to the cross-bars, the webs and inf temal flanges being preferably cut away under the tailpiece, as shown in F 3, 4, and

dependently of the others, to facilitate inak- I ing of excavations, and in a ronounced inanner to insure the safety of t ie operators.

AIVith the above and other objects in view,

as will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in an apparatus for tunneling, as will be. hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like characters of reference indicate correspondi ing parts, Figure 1 is ay view in elevation, exv liibiting the manner in which the apparatus of the presentinvention is supporte( position.

sections of the apparatus. in side elevation, partly in section, of one of thc implements.

when in i Fig. 2 s an end view of one of the 1 Fig. 3 is a view Fig. 4 is a view in side ele- Vation, artly in section, showing a slightly- 1 modifie forni of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation of another modified form of the invention.

Fig. 6 is'a transverse sectional view through the form of invention shown in Fig. 5.

piece.

In construct-lng a tunnel with the implenientof the present invention two, threc,four, or more- 'ifgthese may be employed, and as cach' is uajc tion oi one Ount'cijpari lzserve forl all. The implement 0r`t0ol embodies-a pair of bearing-beams 1, a

plurality tif-v cross-barsQ-#inithis inst ance three in numb l 'antl a pluralityof coverlates 3 in this instance tlir'cin number. he bearing-beanis and cross-,bars are preferably made of wood or steel and may be of any desired length or breadth, and the cover-plates arci of the other a dcscrip- 4 beams 11" are 5. The cover-plates of each section or implement have their they are held rigidly assembled and are prevented from having any movement relatively to each other. The bearing-beams 1 are secured to the cross-bars b v bolts 9, the heads of which are socketed in the cross-bars and the lower ends of which are disposed in sockets 10 in the under fac of the bearing-beams and carry nuts 11, b which the parts are held positively combine The sockets 10 are of such depth that when the nuts 11 are seated they, as also the lower ends o1Y the bolts, will lie within the plane ofv the under face of the bearing-beams, and thus obviate thepresentation of obstruct-ions or projections that would be objectionable.

Intermediate of their ends cach pair -of bearing-beams has secured to it a lug or abutment 1:2, which is preferably made of double- L angle-iron and is attached to the bearingbeams b v bolts 13 and nuts 14. Y

In order to obviate digging under the nose-piece of the implement, means is provided by which water under pressure may be driven either under or ahead of the noseand this is secured by the em loyment. of a nozzle 15, arranged beneath t e cover-v late and with which is connected a hose 16,

eading to a suitable supply pressure.

made in light or sandy soil, as the water w wash the' earth out more rapidly than it could be excavated by hand.

In using the im lement as in which four of t e tools are ein lo ed, base- 'rovided, upon w 'c rest the blocking-beams '18, the upper shown in 1',

lower ends of of water under .l This arrangement will be found of t great advantage where 'excavations are ...wu-Mann ends of which support segment-beams 19, upon which the implements rest. As above stated, each implement is operable independently of the other, and their movement forward is effected by means of hydraulic jacks, which engage the abutments 13 in the same manner as that described in connection with the patent referred to. As the implements are moved forward b v the hydraulic jacks permanent laggingr lnay be positioned. or the permanent tunnel itself mav be built under the tailpieces 5, so that as the tool advances the super-posed earth may rest upon the lagging or tunnel itself, as )referred By the employment of water undler pressure the forward movement of the implements is facilitated and the earth washed away thereby l may be removed in any preferred manner.

ln the patent referred to the jacks are detachable from the abutments; but, if prev ferred, they may be rigidly secured thereto, as shown at 0 in Fig. 4, and thereby facilitate the operation of tunneling. as the loss of time incident to the misplacing of the jacks, which frequently occurs, will be effectually obviated.

1n the form of the invention shown in Figs. l and 3 the spaces between the cover-plates 3 are left open; but. if preferred,these spaces may be filled with timber or metal 21, as shown in'Figs. 5 and 6, in which case the cover-plate 22 may be a plain flat plate bolted to the filler 2l, and I-beams 23 may be substituted for the wooden bearing-beams as shown in Fig. 1. 'hen the fillers are used in conjunction with the cover-plate, the hydraulic pipe will project under the nose-piece through al slot or groove cut. in the coverboard.

As a matter of further improvement there may be combined with the implement a supplemental excavating-tool, which may be substituted for jet pipes or nozzles, ifdesired, or may be used in conjunction therewith. This tool. as shown in Figs. 5 and consists of a bar of metal 24. havingl at one end a han dlc 25 and at its other end an excavatingpoint 2G, which is normally disposed beneath the nose-piece. As shown in Fig. 5, the tool is suspended from a suitable hanger 27, `se cured in any preferred lnanner to the forward end of the bearing-beam and is adapted for reciprwatory movements therein, while in the form of the invention shown in Fig. 6 the tool is suspended from a hanger 2S, combined for swinging movements with the coverplate. Of these Vsupplemental tools there mav he anv number. and as this will be readily-understood detailed illustration of more than one is omitted.

Generallv it will be preferred to employ acks of tlie hydraulic type for moving the Implements forwardgbut it is to be understood that anv other power may be employed that may be. found available and advantageous.

Having thus described the lnventlon, what is claimed is 1 A tool for tunneling consisting of a roofshield comprising a plurality of independently-adjustable sections, and means combined with e'ach section for introducing Water under pressure under or ahead of the tool, v

and in the direction of its length:

2. A tool for tunneling consxstlng of a. roofshield comprising a plurality of inde endy ently-adjustable sections, means com ined with each section for introducing water under pressure under or ahead of the tool and in the direction of its length, and excavating mechanism associated with the noses of the sections.

3. An implement for tunneling comprising a plurality of bearing-beams, cross-beams secured thereto, a plurality -of.coverplates eX- tending beyond the terminals of the bearingbeams, the extended portions constituting nose and tail pieces respectively', means com-V water under pressure under or ahead of thev nose-piece and in the direction of its length.

1n testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own 1 have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

.Lunas cMEEM.

. iitnessesz C. F. GEARINGTON, C. S. FAInGnmvE.

IOC

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