US729299A - Fireproof building structure. - Google Patents

Description

No. 729,299. PATENTED' MAYzs, 19%.

0.v M. ELLI'NGER- & L. KOPGZYNSKI.

PIREPROOP BUILDING STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5, 1903.

NO MODEL.

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UNITED STATES 1 Patented May 26, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE M. nnrgmcnn nnn LEON KOPOZYNSKI, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND,; SAIDKOPOZYNSKI ASSIGNOR TO SAID ELLINGER.

IFIRETPROT-JOF eul Lome STRUCTURE.

,SlsECI-FICATIONiorming part of Letters Patent No. 729,299, dated May 26, 1903.

' Aspirant; filed as, 5.11903. Serial No. 137,343. (No model.)

. able the structure to resist uniformly the va rious forces tending to strain or break it'.: The main rods-used in this structu re are com parati-vely'short, thelengthof each being substantially equalto the distance between the centers of two adjacent supports. This arran gement ofshort rods enables the construction to be carried on more readily than where long rods extending through the length or width of a buildingand over the entire series of supportsare' employed.

In the-accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of a portion of a structure comprising a pillar,a beam, and the floor, the: said parts being shown in vertical section tog illustrate the arrangement of the metal rods. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig.4is a vertical longitudinal section through one of the beams, on a smaller scale, illustrat-.j

ing the arrangement of rods between two ad-' jacent pillars or supports. Figs. 5 and 6 are views showing the tieswhich are-used to connect the rods in one sideof the structure with the rods or body of cement in the opposite side of the structure, and Fig. 7 is a detail showing a modification.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, A B-O indicate parts of a column,a beam, and a floor, respectively, these elements of the structure being molded in one integral mass. The column, as shown, consists of the vertically-arranged rods 1 2 3 4, tied together at suitable intervals by plates 5 6, havingopenings at their ends through which the rods extend. The plates extend diagonally through the column, as shown, the plates 5 connecting the rods 3 4 and the plates 6 connecting the rods 1 2. These rods and platesare embedded in the mass of concrete 7, which forms the body of the column. It will be noted that the vertical rods extend through the beam B, and the column above and below the beam is continuous, the cement in the beam forming in reality a part of the column. Throughout the length of the beam in the lower part thereof is arranged a longitudinal series of tension-rods 8 and, according to the width of the beam, one or more corresponding parallel series of tension-rods 8. Each of these rods,

as shown, extends horizontally from a point these rods, as shown, are beut into a hooked form, and the ends of adjacent rods are umn. The hooked ends are preferably tied by loops of metal13, passing around each rod and its hooked end, as shown in Fig. 1. These rods 11 and 11 resist tensile stress in the structure between the columns or supports and likewise strongly resist the shearing stress adjacent to the supports.

. Above the inclined ends of the rods 11 11- are arranged short horizontal rods 14 14, having their ends 15 turned downwardly. These rods 14 14 extend through the line of the column and to equal distances beyond the column and further strengthen the structure against shearing or breaking forces adjacent to the column. The bent ends of the various rods anchor the rods in the cement.

The floor 0 comprises a mass of cement molded around a series of parallel rods 16, extending across each floor-span between ad jacent beams or supports, and a similar parallel series of rods 17, extending through each span at right angles to the series 16.

Each rod in the floor has the same form as the rods 11 and-'11" in the beams, its central .hooked together at the center line of the colover the the beam.

portion lying in the lower part of the mass of cement composing the floor and its end portions rising gradually into the upper part of the structure adjacent to the beams or supports and having their ends 18 hooked to the rods in the adjacent floor-span centrally The rods are arranged at suitable distances apart to give the required rigidity to the floor and serve the same purpose in the floor as the rods 11 and 11 serve in the beam. The portions of the rods lying in the lower part of the beam or floor are connected by suitable ties to the upper part of the structure, and the portions of the rods lying in the upper part of the structu re are similarly tied to the lower part of the structure. Thus, as shown in the drawings, ties 19, consisting of metal loops, are passed around the rods 16 and 17 and extend through the mass of cement toward the opposite side of the structure from the portion of the rods around which they extend, the loops at the raised portion of the rods extending downwardly and those at the depressed portions of the rods extending upwardly. These ties, consisting of split rings of bar-iron, forming loops, as shown in Fig. 5, may be used throughout the structure wherever it is desirable to tie the rods. In the beams the rods are preferably tied into the mass of cement by ties E of the form shown in Fig. 6, consisting of a strip of flat metal having an outline more or less resembling a letter W. The upper ends of the tie are turned inwardly, forming hooks 2t), and the central portion 2L of the tie is bent upwardly berods.

tween the vertical sides 22 into the form of an inverted V. In the left-hand portion of Fig. 1 two of these ties E are shown in full connecting the upperlnostrods 14 14 and the lowermost rods 11 11, and a tie E is shown connecting rods ll 11 and 8 8. As shown in Fig. 2, the upper ends of the ties E are hooked over the rods 14 14:,and the tie extends downwardly from said rods beneath the rods 8 8 and thence convexly upward between said rodsinto the mass of concrete at the centerof the beam. With this construction there is no possibility of movement orslippage between the ties and rods, and the beam cannot split vertically between the two vertical series of The ties E, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, are the same in form, but hook over the rods 11 11 and pass under the rods 8 S, the convex central positions of the ties extending upwardly toward the central portion of the beam. Where the rods all lie in the lower part of the beam toward the middle of the span between adjacent columns, the ties E extend beneath the rods 8 S, and their upper hooked ends are embedded in the cement in the upper part of the beam. The rods in the lower part of the structure are thus tied into the cementin the upper part by the ties E while the ties E tie the upper rods into the lower part of the structure and the lower rods into the upper part of the structure.

It will be understood that ties of the forms shown or other suitable ties will be placed in the structure wherever desired, their arrangement being varied to suit dilferent conditions. While it is unnecessary to connect the ends of the tension-rods 8, extending through adjacent spans of the beam, we may, if desired, connect them in the manner shown in Fig. 7, placing a metal loop or collar 23 over the adjacent upturned ends 10.

It will be seen that the rods employed are not necessarily longer than the distance between the centers of two adjacent columns or supports and are therefore readily handled and placed in position.

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. A building structure, such as a floor or beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass, said framework comprising a pair of rods extending in substantially the same vertical plane through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually, adjacent to the support, into the upper part of the structure and having bent ends which are hooked together above the support.

2. A building structure, such as a floor or beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass, said framework comprising a pair of rods extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and having bent ends which are hooked together above the support, and a metal tie extending around each rod and its bent-over end portion.

3. A building structure, such as a floor or beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass, said framework comprising a pair of rods-extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually, adjacent to the support, into the upper part of the structure and having their ends secured together above the support, and metal ties extending around said bars and into the mass at the opposite side of the structure.

4. A building structure such as a floor or beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising metal tension-rods arranged hori zontally in the lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support and terminating over the support, and a pair of rods arranged above said tension-rods and extending through the lower. part of the mass at op-- posite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and being secured together above the support.

5. A building structure, such as a-floor or beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising metal tension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support and terminating-over the support, and a pair of rods arranged above said tension-rods and extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and having their ends bent over and hooked togetherabove the support.

6. A building structure, such as a flooror beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising metal tension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support and terminating over the support, and a pair of rods arranged above said tension-rods and extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and having their ends bent over and hooked together above the support, and metal ties extending around each of said latter rods and its bent-over end portion.

7. Abuilding structure such as a beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising tension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure at opposite'sides of the support and terminating over the support, a pair of rods arranged above said tension rods and extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and being secured together above the support, and a short rod horizontally arranged in the upper part of the structure above the support and extending at each side of the support longitudinally of the beam.

8. A building structure such as a beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of ce mented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising tension-rods arranged horizontally-in the lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support and terminating over the support, a pair of rods arranged above said tension rods and extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and being secured together above the support, and a short rod horizontally arranged in the upper part of the structure above the support and extending at each side of the support longitudinally of the beam, all of said rods having their ends bent out of line with the adjoining por-' tions of the rods.

9. A building structure such as a beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising tension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support and terminating over the support, a pair of rods arranged above said tension-rods and extendingthrough the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structure and being secured together above the support, and a short rod horizontally arranged in the upper part of the structure above the support and extending at each side of the support longitudinally of the beam, and ties securing the rods in the lower part of the structure With the upper part of the structure and vice versa.

10. A building structure, such as a beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising parallel pairs of tension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support, each pair terminating over the support, corresponding pairs of rods arranged above said tensionrods in substantially the same vertical plane, and extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, each pair rising gradually adjacent to the support 'into the upper part of the structure and being secured above the support to the pair at the opposite side of the support, short rods arranged above said pairs of rods and projecting at each side of the support, and ties connecting said rods with one another and the mass of cement. V v

11. A building structure, such as a beam, having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented-material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising parallel pairs of tension-rods arranged plane, and extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support, each pair rising gradually adjacent to the IOC IOR

IIO

support into the upper part of the structure and being secured above the support to the pair at the opposite side of the support, short rods arranged above said pairs of rods and projecting at each side of the support, and ties having end portions hooked over said short rods and passing beneath the tensionrods and thence upwardly between the rods toward the center of the beam.

12. In a fireproof structure consisting of a mass of cement and a framework of metal rods, a tie for binding said rods and cement together comprising a metal strip having the upright side portions 22 and the central portion 21 bent inwardly between said side portions.

13. In a fireproof structure consisting of a mass of cement and a framework of metal rods, the tie for connecting said rods with one another and with the mass of cement consisting of a metal strip having the vertical side portions 22, the overturned end portions and the convex central portion 2]..

14. A building structure, such as a beam having a support intermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass, said framework comprising a pairof straight tension-rods extending through the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support in substantially the same vertical plane, and having their adjacent ends bent out of line with the axes of the rods, and a metal band or tie connecting said bent end portions.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

CLARENCE M. ELLINGER. LEON KOPOZYNSKI. Witnesses:

WM. PENN LEWIS, SAM. C. IIoULToN.

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