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US5895690A - Method and appratus for applying mortar to the underside of a building block - Google Patents

Method and appratus for applying mortar to the underside of a building block Download PDF

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Publication number
US5895690A
US5895690A US08/733,064 US73306496A US5895690A US 5895690 A US5895690 A US 5895690A US 73306496 A US73306496 A US 73306496A US 5895690 A US5895690 A US 5895690A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mortar
building block
supply
set forth
facing side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US08/733,064
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English (en)
Inventor
Franz Xaver Greisel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GREISEL-BAUSTOFF-GMBH
Original Assignee
Greisel-Baustoff GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Greisel-Baustoff GmbH filed Critical Greisel-Baustoff GmbH
Assigned to GREISEL-BAUSTOFF-GMBH reassignment GREISEL-BAUSTOFF-GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GREISEL, FRANZ XAVER
Priority to US09/133,324 priority Critical patent/US5980635A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5895690A publication Critical patent/US5895690A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/20—Tools or apparatus for applying mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/20—Tools or apparatus for applying mortar
    • E04G21/206—Devices to apply thin-bed mortar joints

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a method of applying mortar to the underside of a building block to be laid, and an apparatus for carrying out that method.
  • building block is used broadly to denote blocks, bricks and the like of varying sizes and configurations, which are to be laid in various structures for building purposes.
  • a relatively accurately controlled amount of mortar has to be put on to the top side of the brickwork and distributed with a very high degree of uniformity over a portion whose length greatly depends on the conditions prevailing at that time.
  • mortar with a relatively low water content is distributed over an excessively long length of brickwork which at that time is exposed to strong sunlight, then during the period of time, that is required for the subsequent operation of laying the next layer of building blocks, the -mortar in the portion in which the last blocks are to be laid may already have dried to such an extent that there is no longer any guarantee of producing a proper bonding effect and the old material has to be scraped out and replaced by fresh mortar.
  • a corresponding consideration also applies when using mortar at temperatures of below 0° C., at which an excessively long period of time between the step of applying the mortar and laying a building block thereon can result in the mortar freezing.
  • the layer of mortar which is applied first is also urged apart in the horizontal direction by virtue of the weight of the building block laid thereon and the pressing force which is to be exerted in order to make the bed joint of uniform thickness. If an excessive amount of mortar was applied, the result is that the mortar material comes out of the bed joints and runs down on the brickwork surfaces, and that makes it necessary to carry out a subsequent cleaning operation. If too little mortar was applied, there is no guarantee of a proper bonding action.
  • the metering grid is intended to ensure in that case that the layer of mortar adhering to the building block is of approximately uniform thickness which, when the building block is put on to the brickwork which has already been erected, is rendered further uniform by virtue of the fact that the mortar material is distributed into the surface regions of the underside of the building block, which were initially not covered with mortar because of the shielding effect of the bars of the metering grid.
  • the amount of mortar adhering to the underside of the building block is very heavily dependent both on the surface nature of the building block and also on the consistency of the mortar, and as those parameters can vary greatly from one case to another, the thickness of the layer of mortar which is actually achieved is still substantially dependent on the skill of the operator using the known apparatus, and in particular the force with which the operator presses the metering grid with building block disposed thereon, against the surface of the supply of mortar. That pressing force cannot be adapted to a given situation by a one-off adjustment, but has to be kept within relatively narrow limits afresh in each individual pressing operation.
  • the step of individually putting the building blocks on to the metering grid and the operation of pressing that unit against the surface of the supply of mortar, under a defined force is also a procedure which consumes a relatively large amount of time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method, and to apparatuses which are suitable for carrying the method into effect, so that building blocks and in particular flat blocks made from porous concrete can be quickly provided with mortar, without involving high levels of requirement in terms of skill, in a manner which is economical in regard to material and which results in satisfactory brickwork structures which fully comply with the civil-engineering regulations involved.
  • a layer of mortar is applied to the underside of the building blocks automatically and thus under conditions which always remain the same, in which respect the parameters which are required for that purpose have to be matched to the consistency of the mortar and environmental influences such as temperature and air humidity and the like only at the beginning of a relatively long operating procedure which involves applying mortar to many building blocks, but those parameters can remain constant over a long period of time after the above-indicated matching procedure has been effected, without the operator having to perform fresh matching operations afresh for each mortar-application operation or having to bring his personal experience values to bear.
  • the mechanical devices by means of which the mortar is conveyed out of the supply of mortar upwardly and against the underside of the building block in such a way that it adheres thereto can be easily so designed that they operate uniformly and reliably and one block after the other is provided with the required layer of mortar.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that the building block no longer has to be turned or rotated after the mortar has been applied. It can retain its spatial orientation from the mortaring operation until it is laid on the brickwork, at least in such a way that its underside which is provided with mortar thereon constantly remains facing downwardly.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 1, but omitting the front wall of the mortar vat, which faces towards the viewer, and all parts which are between same and the viewer, in particular also a part of the front longitudinal frame member,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in section through the apparatus of FIG. 1 along line III--III,
  • FIG. 4 is a view in section through the apparatus of FIG. 1 along line IV--IV,
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of an apparatus which can be fitted to the apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention, for further transportation of building blocks, to the underside of which mortar has been applied, and
  • FIG. 6 is a view of the structure shown in FIG. 5 in the direction of the arrow VI--VI.
  • the apparatus for applying mortar to the underside 1 of a building block 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 through 4, is mounted on a table-like frame support structure 4 which is movable on four wheels 3 and which is essentially formed by shaped metal members or tubes which are welded together and which include four vertical support posts 5, four lower connecting frame members 6, two upper longitudinal frame members 7 and two upper transverse frame members 8, to each of which are secured outwardly projecting handles 9 which make it easier to push or pull and carry the movable frame support structure 4.
  • the four wheels 3 two can be in the form of castor wheels (not shown).
  • an upwardly open mortar vat or tank 16 Suspended between the two longitudinal frame members 7 is an upwardly open mortar vat or tank 16 which can be removed for cleaning purposes and into which the thin-bed mortar in the finished mixed condition can be introduced by way of a laterally disposed filling connection 17 which opens by way of the opening 18 (see FIG. 2) into the vat 16 so that a supply of mortar 20 is accommodated in the vat during operation of the apparatus.
  • a coating roller 22 dips into the supply of mortar 20.
  • the coating roller 22 has a peripheral casing portion 23 comprising an elastic material, for example rubber, which can be satisfactorily wetted by the mortar, and which can be provided with knobs or similar irregularities (not shown) to enhance the adhesion of the mortar.
  • the coating roller 22 thus rotates in the same direction as the forward feed movement of the building block 2 in the longitudinal direction of the latter.
  • the feed movement is at a speed of between 15 m/minute and 20 m/minute.
  • the coating roller 22 is mounted in two bearing blocks 26, 26 mounted in the frame support structure 4, by means of journals 25, 25 (see FIG. 3) which extend outwardly through slots (not shown) which are cut from above into the flat walls of the vat 16, and the coating roller 22 is driven by an electric motor 27 with an angle transmission for rotation in the direction indicated by the arrow R (see FIG. 2).
  • the coating roller 22 conveys a layer of mortar out of the mortar supply 20 upwardly into a mortaring region 30 in which that layer of mortar adhering to the coating roller 22 is pressed against the underside 1 of a building block 2 which is moved over the top thereof in the direction indicated by the arrow F, so that the layer of mortar comes away from the peripheral casing portion 23 and remains adhering to the building block 2.
  • the bearing blocks 26, 26 are adjustable in a vertical direction (not shown) in order to be able to adjust the thickness of the layer of mortar adhering to the underside 1 of the building block, in dependence on the nature of the surface of the building block and the mortar consistency.
  • the doctor 32 can be for example in the form of a toothed finishing member. The positioning of the doctor 32 in the mortar vat 16 provides that excessive mortar which is scraped off the underside 1 of the building block drops back into the mortar supply 20 and is available for further operation therewith, without contaminating the working area.
  • the doctor 32 and in the same manner also the coating roller 22 which in that view is disposed therebehind are of smaller width than the building blocks 2 to which mortar is to be applied so that an edge strip portion remains mortar-free at the underside 1 of the building blocks 2, along both longitudinal edges thereof. That affords a series of advantages: on the one hand, as they pass through the apparatus according to the invention and if appropriate also upon further transportation thereof, the building blocks 2 rest with those mortar-free edge strip portions on the respective support and guide rollers 12 or similar items of equipment, without them being contaminated by mortar.
  • the layer of mortar adhering to the underside 1 of the building blocks 2 can escape into those edge strip portions without the risk of being squeezed out of the joint in the brickwork and excess mortar running down the surfaces of the brickwork.
  • the journal 25 which is disposed opposite the drive motor 27 (see FIG. 3) carries a belt pulley 34 which is non-rotatably mounted thereon and which, by way of a belt 35 and a further belt pulley 36, drives a first brush roller 37 which, in the direction of movement F of the building block 2, is mounted upstream of the mortar vat 16 between the two longitudinal frame members 7 in such a way that it has a brushing action on the underside 1 of a building block 2 which is guided over same and thus removes loose dirt and dust from the underside 1 of the building block 2.
  • the arrangement of the brush roller 37 upstream of the mortar vat 16 provides that material which is brushed off the building block 2 does not drop into the mortar supply 20.
  • a further belt pulley 38 which is also fixedly mounted on the shaft of the brush roller 37 jointly with the belt pulley 36 drives a second brush roller 41 by way of a further belt 39 and a belt pulley 40.
  • the second brush roller 41 is mounted adjustably in respect of height on a support frame 42 mounted on the top of the frame support structure 4, in such a way that the second brush roller 41 cleans the top side of building blocks 1 which are passed through below it in the direction of the arrow F.
  • the heightwise adjustability of the second brush roller 41 serves for adaptation to different building block dimensions.
  • a further support frame 45 mounting two friction wheels 48, 48 each driven by a respective electric motor 47, 47, tiltably about axes extending perpendicularly to the direction F of conveying movement of the building block 2, as is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on the one hand by the use of solid lines and on the other hand by the use of broken lines.
  • Such tiltability of the friction wheels 48 also serves for adaptation to different block heights. In the operative position shown in solid lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, the friction wheels 48 press with their rubber casing or sheathing against the top of the building block 2 and move it by suitable rotational movement in the direction of the arrow F.
  • the friction wheels 48 are so positioned that a building block 2 which is put on to the support and guide rollers 12 from the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 and which has been advanced sufficiently far towards the left-hand friction wheel 48 is engaged by that friction wheel and is then automatically pulled through between the brush rollers 37 and 41 and moved over the mortaring region 30. Then, in the course of that movement, the friction wheel 48 at the right in FIGS. 1 and 2 comes into engagement with the top of the building block and provides for further transportation of the building block even if the friction wheel 48 which is at the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 is no longer bearing against the top of the building block. In that way a building block which is fed to the apparatus shown in FIGS.
  • the apparatus may have friction wheels which engage the side surfaces of the building block, or the building block may be moved through the mortaring region 30 and past the downstream-disposed doctor 32 by means of a slider carriage which is reciprocable in the direction of the arrow F.
  • friction wheels 48 which press against the top of the building block 2 from above because they prevent the building block 2 from evading the force with which the coating roller 22 presses the mortar entrained thereby against the underside 1 of the respective building block.
  • stirrer or agitator roller 50 which is arranged with its axis parallel to that of the coating roller 22 and whose rotary movement is coupled to the rotary movement of the coating roller 22 by means (not shown).
  • the stirring roller 50 serves to prevent sedimentation of the supply of mortar 20 in the vat 16.
  • the above-described electric motors 27 and 47 are supplied with electric power by way of a common connecting cable (not shown). That connecting cable can be wound on to a symbolically illustrated drum 52 if the whole assembly is to be moved from one position of use to another.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a transport apparatus 55 which serves as an elevator and which is also in the form of a frame support structure which is movable on wheels.
  • the frame support structure of the transport apparatus 55 can be firmly connected releasably by means of a connecting device 57 to the frame support structure 4 of the above-described apparatus for applying mortar to building blocks, in such a way that an elevator frame 59 which is movable up and down in the frame support structure in the direction indicated by the arrow S is aligned in a horizontal direction with the upper longitudinal frame members of the frame support structure 4, when the elevator frame 59 is in its lower operative position shown in solid lines in the Figures.
  • support and guide rollers 60 are mounted in that support frame assembly in such a way that in the lower position they prolong the conveyor path for the building blocks 2, which is formed by the support and guide rollers 12 of the frame support structure 4. It will be noted however that not all support and guide rollers 60 of the transport apparatus 55 are mounted to be free-running, but rather at least some thereof are driven by means of an electric motor (not shown) in order to convey a building block 2 which is released from the friction wheel 48 into the transport position shown in FIG. 5, in which it lies entirely on the support and guide rollers 60, with the edge strip portions at its underside which have remained free of mortar in the mortaring operation, without its mortar-coated underside coming into contact with any other parts.
  • the building block 2 can then be lifted in the direction of the arrow S by means of two electric motors 62, 62 which are mounted in the upper region of the transport apparatus 55 and which respectively drive two cable drums 63, 63, by virtue of the four cables 65 on which the support frame 59 is suspended being wound on to the cable drums 63.
  • the building block 2 can in principle be lifted to the height shown in broken lines in FIG. 5, but at any event sufficiently far, for example half a meter, above the level of the plane 66 of scaffolding from which the building block is to be used.
  • the building block 2 which is coated with mortar at its underside can either be removed by hand and laid on the brickwork which has already been erected, or it can be further conveyed in a horizontal direction by means of a transport apparatus of suitable design configuration.
  • the assembly may include suitable return springs 67.
  • wheels 3 of the frame support structure 4 and also of the wheels 56 of the transport apparatus 55 can be locked in order to prevent the frame support structure 4 or the transport apparatus 55 from unintentionally rolling away while operation is going on.
  • Two of the wheels 56 may also be in the form of castor wheels or steering wheels.
  • the method according to the invention may alternatively be carried into effect by an apparatus including a pump for conveying mortar from a mortar supply container upwardly into a mortaring region where the apparatus has means for spraying mortar against the underside of the building block to apply mortar thereto.
  • a pump for conveying mortar from a mortar supply container upwardly into a mortaring region where the apparatus has means for spraying mortar against the underside of the building block to apply mortar thereto.
  • the principle of the invention in apparatus terms lies in a mortar supply container for containing a supply of mortar, means for automatically conveying mortar upwardly out of the container to the mortaring region and means for applying mortar to the building block at the underside thereof in the mortaring region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
US08/733,064 1996-08-14 1996-10-16 Method and appratus for applying mortar to the underside of a building block Expired - Lifetime US5895690A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/133,324 US5980635A (en) 1996-08-14 1998-08-13 Method and apparatus for applying mortar to underside of a building block

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19632844A DE19632844C1 (de) 1996-08-14 1996-08-14 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von Mörtel auf die Unterseite eines Bausteins
DE19632844 1996-08-14

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US09/133,324 Expired - Fee Related US5980635A (en) 1996-08-14 1998-08-13 Method and apparatus for applying mortar to underside of a building block

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6217946B1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-04-17 United States Gypsum Company Method for applying polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate to cellulose/gypsum based substrate
WO2022006635A1 (en) 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Adhesive application system
US12385265B2 (en) 2020-04-22 2025-08-12 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Block transfer apparatus and improved clamping assembly for use therewith

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007046009A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-26 Gregory James Lofberg A building aid
CN111691694A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2020-09-22 吴凡 一种保温隔热加气混凝土砌块墙体施工方法
CN116816121B (zh) * 2023-08-31 2023-12-01 黑龙江大学 一种女儿墙用砌筑装置

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US1147161A (en) * 1908-05-06 1915-07-20 Frederick E Goldsmith Mechanism for coating.
US2564492A (en) * 1946-10-18 1951-08-14 Materials Handling Lab Inc Adhesive applying machine
US3052565A (en) * 1958-06-30 1962-09-04 Union Carbide Corp Intermittent resin melt application
US3684561A (en) * 1966-12-05 1972-08-15 Raymond A Labombarde Apparatus and method for applying high viscosity coatings
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DE3018970A1 (de) * 1980-05-17 1981-11-26 Trautsch, Erich, 2400 Lübeck Verfahren und maschine zum beschichten von mauersteinen mit moertel
US4391664A (en) * 1980-02-26 1983-07-05 Schmelzbasaltwerk Kalenborn, Dr. Ing. Mauritz Kg Process for fixing tiles in position
US4503096A (en) * 1983-09-08 1985-03-05 Ytong Ag Method and device for the continuous application of a reinforcement layer onto a porous mineral building board
US4770909A (en) * 1986-02-28 1988-09-13 Acumeter Laboratories, Inc. Porous roll fluid coating applicator and method
DE4226795A1 (de) * 1992-08-13 1994-02-17 Quick Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mörtelauftrag bei Mauersteinen
DE4334096A1 (de) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-13 Schlagmann Baustoffwerke Gmbh Auftragvorrichtung für Mörtel

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US4370356A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-01-25 Integrated Technologies, Inc. Method of meniscus coating
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE76029C (de) * Aktien-Gesellschaft für Cartonnagen-Industrie in Dresden-N Vorrichtung zum Färben der Kanten und des Randes an Pappkästen und dergl
US1147161A (en) * 1908-05-06 1915-07-20 Frederick E Goldsmith Mechanism for coating.
US2564492A (en) * 1946-10-18 1951-08-14 Materials Handling Lab Inc Adhesive applying machine
US3052565A (en) * 1958-06-30 1962-09-04 Union Carbide Corp Intermittent resin melt application
US3684561A (en) * 1966-12-05 1972-08-15 Raymond A Labombarde Apparatus and method for applying high viscosity coatings
US4010203A (en) * 1974-03-26 1977-03-01 General Concrete Of Canada Limited Adhesive-applying apparatus
US4182786A (en) * 1974-04-10 1980-01-08 Hertel Terry J Ski hot wax applicator
FR2358529A1 (fr) * 1976-07-16 1978-02-10 Lingl Anlagenbau Procede et dispositif pour l'execution automatique d'assises de mur liees par mortier, a partir de grosses briques associees aux briques necessaires a la liaison en vue de la constitution d'elements de mur
US4391664A (en) * 1980-02-26 1983-07-05 Schmelzbasaltwerk Kalenborn, Dr. Ing. Mauritz Kg Process for fixing tiles in position
DE3018970A1 (de) * 1980-05-17 1981-11-26 Trautsch, Erich, 2400 Lübeck Verfahren und maschine zum beschichten von mauersteinen mit moertel
US4503096A (en) * 1983-09-08 1985-03-05 Ytong Ag Method and device for the continuous application of a reinforcement layer onto a porous mineral building board
US4770909A (en) * 1986-02-28 1988-09-13 Acumeter Laboratories, Inc. Porous roll fluid coating applicator and method
DE4226795A1 (de) * 1992-08-13 1994-02-17 Quick Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mörtelauftrag bei Mauersteinen
DE4334096A1 (de) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-13 Schlagmann Baustoffwerke Gmbh Auftragvorrichtung für Mörtel

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6217946B1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-04-17 United States Gypsum Company Method for applying polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate to cellulose/gypsum based substrate
US12385265B2 (en) 2020-04-22 2025-08-12 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Block transfer apparatus and improved clamping assembly for use therewith
WO2022006635A1 (en) 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Adhesive application system
CN115803120A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2023-03-14 快砖知识产权私人有限公司 粘合剂涂敷系统
EP4179172A4 (de) * 2020-07-08 2024-08-07 Fastbrick IP Pty Ltd Klebstoffauftragsystem
US12398574B2 (en) 2020-07-08 2025-08-26 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Adhesive application system
AU2021304545B2 (en) * 2020-07-08 2025-12-04 Fastbrick Ip Pty Ltd Adhesive application system

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DE19632844C1 (de) 1997-11-06
US5980635A (en) 1999-11-09

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