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US3683670A - Atmosphere analyzer working by variation of the combustion front - Google Patents

Atmosphere analyzer working by variation of the combustion front Download PDF

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Publication number
US3683670A
US3683670A US8804A US3683670DA US3683670A US 3683670 A US3683670 A US 3683670A US 8804 A US8804 A US 8804A US 3683670D A US3683670D A US 3683670DA US 3683670 A US3683670 A US 3683670A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
flame
thermosensor
star
combustion front
atmosphere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US8804A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joaquin M Iriondo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3683670A publication Critical patent/US3683670A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
    • G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
    • G01N25/28—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures the rise in temperature of the gases resulting from combustion being measured directly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q9/00—Pilot flame igniters

Definitions

  • thermosensor is held centrally within the nozzle by a flame shaping member which forms a flame having the shape of a star with three or more points.
  • the inner vertices of the star are situated near the therrnosensor and the other vertices near the walls of the nozzle.
  • This invention works by variation of the combustion front, since under normal circumstances, said front takes on a specific shape depending on the percentage in which each of the component elements are found in the atmosphere, for the burner nozzle has a characteristic contour, and as the oxygen richness decreases, the combustion front varies.
  • thermosensor i.e., an instrument which is concentrically sensitive to heat
  • This thermosensor is fastened in place by a part which is used to pattern the shape of the flames combustion front and to position the thermosensor with respect to the burner flue, since it is a rotating device.
  • the flame-shaping part creates a combustion front in the form of a star with three or more points.
  • This combustion-front shape will remain constant within certain predeterminable limits of oxygen richness, beyond which the front will begin to deform.
  • This variation or deformation consists in that the inner points of the front begin to become rounded, and therefore move away from the thermosensor so that the heat activating it is less.
  • thermosensor When the pre-set degree of deformation or variation is reached, the thermosensor is deactivated, causing blocking of the fuel duct, and setting off an alarm or other warning device.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the burner assembly showing the arrangement of the component parts.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the assembly.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are a side view and plan view, respectively, of a flame-shaping part made of extruded sheet, with its holes cut in such a way that the flame will be shaped just as if the shaping part numbered 5 was used.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the burner nozzle with dotand-dash lines showing the shape of the flame when the oxygen richness conditions are normal or within optimal limits.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5, in which the combustion front is also drawn with dot-and-dash lines.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the burner showing the combustion front in a transitional stage of its variation.
  • FIG. 8 is the corresponding plan view of this transitional state of the combustion front.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show a side and a plan view, respectively, of the shape taken on by the combustion front when the atmosphere from which the primary air is drawn reaches a given level of rarification, and the thermosensor lies in the cold zone of the flame, wherefore it is deactivated, as the drawings clearly show.
  • thermosensor 5 star-shaped flame-shaping part 6 extruded flame-shaping part, with holes giving it a contour similar to that of shaping part 5.
  • thermosensor 4 When oxygen richness is optimal or within acceptable limits, the combustion front at the inner points of the star heats up thermosensor 4 rapidly, and activates it in a few seconds.
  • thermosensor 4 If the rarification of the atmosphere increases, the combustion front continues to move away from thermosensor 4, which therefore records less heat. It is thus activated to a lesser extent, and when a predetermined level of rarification is reached, the combustion front draws so far away from thermosensor 4 that it is no longer activated (as in FIGS. 9 and 10, for example); as a result, a shut-off valve closes, that is connected to an alarm or some other device that will warn the users of the system of the danger threatening them.
  • An atmosphere analyzer operating by the variation of the combustion front, said analyzer comprising a burner having an inlet and a round nozzle communicating with said inlet, and having an open top, a thermosensor located in the middle of said nozzle and having an end extending beyond said top, a flame-shaping part located within said nozzle adjacent said top and engaging said thermosensor and the inner walls of said nozzle adjacent said top, said flameshaping part having at least three flame-shaping passages extending radially star-like between said thermosensor and said inner walls, and means injecting a fuel into said inlet wherein it is mixed with air and ignited, whereby a flame is formed which extends star-shaped around said thermosensor and beyond said top with the inner vertices of the star-shaped flame being located adjacent said thermosensor and the outer vertices of the star-shaped flame being located adjacent said inner walls.
  • Atmosphere analyzer working by variation of the combustion front, as described in claim 1, characterized by the fact that, under normal atmosphere conditions, the combustion front forms along the contours of the flame-shaping pan, i.e., the flame burns near the thermosensor at the inner vertices of the star, and near the wall of the flue or burner nozzle in the outer area, where it can be piloted.
  • Atmosphere analyzer working by variation of the combustion front, as described in claim 2, characterized by the fact that, when oxygen richness varies in the atmosphere from which the primary combustion air is drawn, i.e., when the percentage of oxygen diminishes, the combustion front also varies, such that the points of the star become rounder, and the hot zone of the flame moves away from the thermosensor until it reaches a point far enough away to deactivate the latter when a predetermined degree of ratification is attained in the atmosphere.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
US8804A 1969-02-08 1970-02-05 Atmosphere analyzer working by variation of the combustion front Expired - Lifetime US3683670A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES363466A ES363466A1 (es) 1969-02-08 1969-02-08 Analizador de atmosfera basado en la variacion del frente de combustion.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3683670A true US3683670A (en) 1972-08-15

Family

ID=8451881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US8804A Expired - Lifetime US3683670A (en) 1969-02-08 1970-02-05 Atmosphere analyzer working by variation of the combustion front

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3683670A (de)
BE (1) BE745623A (de)
DE (1) DE2004592A1 (de)
ES (1) ES363466A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2030372A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1276248A (de)
NL (1) NL7001600A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918880A (en) * 1973-04-16 1975-11-11 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Safety device for gas-consuming equipment
US4221557A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-09-09 Gas Research Institute Apparatus for detecting the occurrence of inadequate levels of combustion air at a flame
US20130040254A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for monitoring a combustor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9519111D0 (en) * 1995-09-19 1995-11-22 Willey Robinson Ltd Gas burner safety device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121948A (en) * 1935-05-11 1938-06-28 Western Electric Co Burner
US2407517A (en) * 1941-04-09 1946-09-10 Gen Controls Co Thermoelectric generator
US2710055A (en) * 1951-11-13 1955-06-07 Cons Gas Electric Light And Po Thermoelectrically operated safety devices
US2818246A (en) * 1955-09-30 1957-12-31 Connecticut Metal Treating Co Method and apparatus for determining and/or controlling constituent potentials
GB929895A (en) * 1960-01-12 1963-06-26 Konink Ijzergieterijen En Emai Safety device for detecting a change in the composition of air

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121948A (en) * 1935-05-11 1938-06-28 Western Electric Co Burner
US2407517A (en) * 1941-04-09 1946-09-10 Gen Controls Co Thermoelectric generator
US2710055A (en) * 1951-11-13 1955-06-07 Cons Gas Electric Light And Po Thermoelectrically operated safety devices
US2818246A (en) * 1955-09-30 1957-12-31 Connecticut Metal Treating Co Method and apparatus for determining and/or controlling constituent potentials
GB929895A (en) * 1960-01-12 1963-06-26 Konink Ijzergieterijen En Emai Safety device for detecting a change in the composition of air

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918880A (en) * 1973-04-16 1975-11-11 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Safety device for gas-consuming equipment
US4221557A (en) * 1978-06-12 1980-09-09 Gas Research Institute Apparatus for detecting the occurrence of inadequate levels of combustion air at a flame
US20130040254A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for monitoring a combustor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2004592A1 (de) 1970-11-12
FR2030372A1 (de) 1970-11-13
ES363466A1 (es) 1971-07-01
NL7001600A (de) 1970-08-11
BE745623A (fr) 1970-07-16
GB1276248A (en) 1972-06-01

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