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US3678571A - Method for the production of sheets - Google Patents

Method for the production of sheets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3678571A
US3678571A US32230A US3678571DA US3678571A US 3678571 A US3678571 A US 3678571A US 32230 A US32230 A US 32230A US 3678571D A US3678571D A US 3678571DA US 3678571 A US3678571 A US 3678571A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bar
slabs
temperature
cross
cast
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Expired - Lifetime
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US32230A
Inventor
Rudolf Schoffmann
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Voestalpine AG
Voest AG
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Voestalpine AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/021—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49972—Method of mechanical manufacture with separating, localizing, or eliminating of as-cast defects from a metal casting [e.g., anti-pipe]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
    • Y10T29/49989—Followed by cutting or removing material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
    • Y10T29/49991—Combined with rolling

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [30] Foreign Applicafim Prim'ity Data
  • the disclosure proposes a method for the production of sheets May 9, 1969 Austria; ..A 4445/69 l the 81-395 cm mm a bar Steel by tinuous casting method, wherein the cast bar, after it has solidified completely and as soon as its cross section has an [52] U.S. Cl ..29/527.6,29/527.7, 148/2, equalized temperature in the range of 9000 to 12000 C. 148/12, 164/76 preferably 1,000 to l,l00 C., is shaped in one step so as to 5 l Int.
  • Cl ..B23p 25/00 reduce its cross section by about 10 to 20 percent, whereupon Fleld 0t search-w it is shorn to length, and the slabs are then heated to rolling 164/76; 148/2, 12 temperature and shaped in a plurality of passes. Owing to this method the bubble wreath which is characteristic for unkilled [56] References Cited steel slabs is eliminated so that the heat transition from the i surface to the core is improved.
  • the invention relates to a method for the production of sheets from slabs cut from a cast bar of unkilled steel which was cast by the continuous casting method.
  • unkilled steel slabs When unkilled steel slabs are to be processed to sheets in a train of rolls they have to be subjected to a preliminary treatment. Their surface has to be examined and surface defects, have to be removed.
  • the slabs When the slabs are completely cooled,l they are heated to rolling temperature in continuous type furnaces before they are rolled out to sheets in a plurality of passes.
  • the slabs When the slabs are heated to rolling temperature the: wreath of bubbles which is characteristic for unkilled steel; slabs provides great difficulties because it impairs the heat transition from the surface of the slabs into the core of the slabs when they are heated up in gas or oil heated furnaces. As i a result, the surface is overheated and heavy scaling occurs,
  • unkilled steel slabs usually amounts to 250 to 300 mm; the slabs are about l,250 mm broad and up to 12 m long. Thus the cross sections and the piece weights are considerable. Attempts are being made to find a solution for the economical and qualitative problems in the rolling of unkilled steel slabs but up to now the heating problem which presents itself owing to the presence of the bubble wreath has remained unsolved.
  • the invention is aimed at avoiding the described disadvantages and difficulties and, in a method for the production of sheets from slabs cut from a cast bar of unkilled steel which was cast by the continuous casting method, wherein the slabs are heated to rolling temperature and shaped in a plurality of passes, resides in that the cast bar, prior to being shorn to length, is shaped in one step after complete solidification and' HS soon as the solidified bar has over its entire cross section a uniform temperature in the range of 900 to l,200 C., preferably l,000 to l,l C.
  • the temperature is equalized over the entire cross section of the bar by arranging behind the secondary cooling zone a non-cooled or heated equalization zone, respectively, through which the bar is passed prior to being shaped in one step.
  • Shaping according to the invention is effected to a degree which about corresponds to the volume of the hollow spaces of the bubbles in the bar so that the material is densified.
  • the cross section of the bar is reduced in the one step haping process by about "to to 20 percent without any noticeable cogging down. Instead, re-shaping is effected.
  • the attached drawing shows the cross section of a bar of unkilled steel before being shaped according to the invention.
  • the macroscopic structure of a slab is schematically shown.
  • three zones may clearly be distinguished, namely zone 1 which is free from bubbles, which zone is also called bacon layer," or skin the marginal bubble zone 2 proper, and the core zone 3 of the bar cross section.
  • the thickness of the marginal layer 1 which is free from bubbles in unkilled steel slabs depends on the withdrawal speed and the intensity of gas evolution and motion (boiling) of the metal in the casting mould and in general does not amount to less than 10 mm.
  • the marginal bubbles are pressed together already when the bar is slightly shaped after its solidification so that they are welded together and a densification of the bar in the area of the marginal bubble zone 2 is effected so that the heat insulating bubble wreath is removed.
  • a bar of unkilled steel which has been densified according to this method may be heated to rolling temperature in gas or oil heated furnaces exactly as a bar of killed steel.
  • the aim of the invention i.e. an improvement of the quality of the slabs with regard to their heat technological properties so that an essentially improved heat transition is achieved, will also be obtained when not all bubbles are welded together completely.
  • the heating process is hardly impaired by individual bubbles which may be present still after shaping.
  • the method according to the invention does not require high accuracy in the determination of the bubble hollow spaces, which fact simplifies its application in practice.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure proposes a method for the production of sheets from the slabs cut from a bar of unkilled steel cast by the continuous casting method, wherein the cast bar, after it has solidified completely and as soon as its cross section has an equalized temperature in the range of 900* to 1,200* C., preferably 1,000* to 1,100* C., is shaped in one step so as to reduce its cross section by about 10 to 20 percent, whereupon it is shorn to length, and the slabs are then heated to rolling temperature and shaped in a plurality of passes. Owing to this method the bubble wreath which is characteristic for unkilled steel slabs is eliminated so that the heat transition from the surface to the core is improved.

Description

United States Patent Schoffmann [451 July 25, 1972 54] METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 3,491,823 1/1970 Tarmann et al ..l64/76 SHEETS [72] lnventor: Rudolf Schoffmann, Linz, Austria OTHER PUBLICATIONS 1 Assignee: Vminigte oster-reichische Eisen-und The Making Shaping and Treating of Steel, 1964. p. 550.
Stahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft, Linz, Ausi Primary E.taminer-J. Spencer Overholser [22] Filed: April 27 1970 Assistant Examiner-John E. Roethel Atmrne v-Brumbaugh. Graves, Donohue & Raymond [2]] Appl. No.: 32,230
57] ABSTRACT [30] Foreign Applicafim Prim'ity Data The disclosure proposes a method for the production of sheets May 9, 1969 Austria; ..A 4445/69 l the 81-395 cm mm a bar Steel by tinuous casting method, wherein the cast bar, after it has solidified completely and as soon as its cross section has an [52] U.S. Cl ..29/527.6,29/527.7, 148/2, equalized temperature in the range of 9000 to 12000 C. 148/12, 164/76 preferably 1,000 to l,l00 C., is shaped in one step so as to 5 l Int. Cl ..B23p 25/00 reduce its cross section by about 10 to 20 percent, whereupon Fleld 0t search-w it is shorn to length, and the slabs are then heated to rolling 164/76; 148/2, 12 temperature and shaped in a plurality of passes. Owing to this method the bubble wreath which is characteristic for unkilled [56] References Cited steel slabs is eliminated so that the heat transition from the i surface to the core is improved.
UNITED STATES PATENTS 4 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure 3,317.994 5/1967 Coferetal ..l64/76 PATENTEUJUL2SI9I2 3.678.571
INVENTOR. RUDOLF SCHOFFMANN ATTORNEYS METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SHEETS The invention relates to a method for the production of sheets from slabs cut from a cast bar of unkilled steel which was cast by the continuous casting method.
There are various problems when sheets are produced from unkilled steel slabs. At first a steel has to be produced whosei oxygen content and temperature are closely adapted to the chemical composition. Furthermore, the cross section of the bar, particularly the thickness of the bar, the casting speed and the cooling conditions in the continuous casting plant are important factors which have an influence upon the quality of the product.
When unkilled steel slabs are to be processed to sheets in a train of rolls they have to be subjected to a preliminary treatment. Their surface has to be examined and surface defects, have to be removed. When the slabs are completely cooled,l they are heated to rolling temperature in continuous type furnaces before they are rolled out to sheets in a plurality of passes. When the slabs are heated to rolling temperature the: wreath of bubbles which is characteristic for unkilled steel; slabs provides great difficulties because it impairs the heat transition from the surface of the slabs into the core of the slabs when they are heated up in gas or oil heated furnaces. As i a result, the surface is overheated and heavy scaling occurs,
whereas the core is not sufficiently heated. This again makes for qualitative and technological disadvantages in the rollingof slabs. The heavy scaling and overheating of the surface may lead to a connection between the bubble wreath and the atmosphere which exerts an oxidizing effect so that welding of the gas bubble hollow spaces is rendered difficult or impossi-j ble; only waste products will be obtained when such a starting material is used.
ln order to avoid the difficulties which arise when heating unkilled steel slabs because of the presence of a bubble wreath it has already been proposed to heat the slabs to rolling temperature in electrical induction furnaces instead of in gas or oil heated furnaces. When electrical induction is used, the slabs are heated more evenly over their entire cross section, i.e. the insulating effect of the bubble wreath does not make itself noticeable in such a disadvantageous manner with this kind of heating, and qualitative flaws which are unavoidable in gas or oil heated furnaces i.e. from the surface occur to a lesser degree. However, the prime costs and the operation costs are rather high for induction furnaces, so that for economical reasons it is rather improbable that induction heating for slabs will be generally used.
The thickness of unkilled steel slabs usually amounts to 250 to 300 mm; the slabs are about l,250 mm broad and up to 12 m long. Thus the cross sections and the piece weights are considerable. Attempts are being made to find a solution for the economical and qualitative problems in the rolling of unkilled steel slabs but up to now the heating problem which presents itself owing to the presence of the bubble wreath has remained unsolved.
The invention is aimed at avoiding the described disadvantages and difficulties and, in a method for the production of sheets from slabs cut from a cast bar of unkilled steel which was cast by the continuous casting method, wherein the slabs are heated to rolling temperature and shaped in a plurality of passes, resides in that the cast bar, prior to being shorn to length, is shaped in one step after complete solidification and' HS soon as the solidified bar has over its entire cross section a uniform temperature in the range of 900 to l,200 C., preferably l,000 to l,l C.
Suitably, the temperature is equalized over the entire cross section of the bar by arranging behind the secondary cooling zone a non-cooled or heated equalization zone, respectively, through which the bar is passed prior to being shaped in one step.
Shaping according to the invention is effected to a degree which about corresponds to the volume of the hollow spaces of the bubbles in the bar so that the material is densified. The cross section of the bar is reduced in the one step haping process by about "to to 20 percent without any noticeable cogging down. Instead, re-shaping is effected.
The attached drawing shows the cross section of a bar of unkilled steel before being shaped according to the invention. The macroscopic structure of a slab is schematically shown. In the bar cross section three zones may clearly be distinguished, namely zone 1 which is free from bubbles, which zone is also called bacon layer," or skin the marginal bubble zone 2 proper, and the core zone 3 of the bar cross section. The thickness of the marginal layer 1 which is free from bubbles in unkilled steel slabs depends on the withdrawal speed and the intensity of gas evolution and motion (boiling) of the metal in the casting mould and in general does not amount to less than 10 mm.
When the slabs are heated to rolling temperature, it is essential to keep the dense zone 1 as intact as possible so as to prevent oxidizing gases from entering into the marginal bubbles. When this condition is fulfilled, the marginal bubbles bond completely during rolling.
As has been mentioned, according to the invention the marginal bubbles are pressed together already when the bar is slightly shaped after its solidification so that they are welded together and a densification of the bar in the area of the marginal bubble zone 2 is effected so that the heat insulating bubble wreath is removed. A bar of unkilled steel which has been densified according to this method may be heated to rolling temperature in gas or oil heated furnaces exactly as a bar of killed steel.
The expenses for a roll stand in connection with a continuous casting plant are small. For the one step reshaping process the latent heat of the bar is used; the rolling pressure is rela tively small because a small energy will suffice for pressing the hollow spaces of the bubbles together. Owing to the fact that the bubble wreath may relatively easily be removed the remaining zones of the bar cross section are hardly shaped at all. Prior to carrying out the method :it is only necessary to determine the bubble volume which depends on the steel quality and the bar cross section, but otherwise remains within narrow limits. Thus this examination will have to be carried out only once and then the reduction of the cross section may .be settled for the densification according to the invention of the material.
The aim of the invention, i.e. an improvement of the quality of the slabs with regard to their heat technological properties so that an essentially improved heat transition is achieved, will also be obtained when not all bubbles are welded together completely. The heating process is hardly impaired by individual bubbles which may be present still after shaping. Thus the method according to the invention. does not require high accuracy in the determination of the bubble hollow spaces, which fact simplifies its application in practice.
What 1 claim is 1. A method for the production of a steel product comprismg,
continuously casting a steel bar,
solidifying the cast bar,
equalizing the temperature of the cast bar over its entire cross-section to a temperature in the range of 900-] ,200 C., reducing the cross-sectional area of the cast bar by 10 to 20 percent by means of a one-step shaping operation, shearing the bar to form individual slabs, heating the slabs to rolling temperature, and shaping and working the slabs to produce the steel product.
2. The method as defined by claim 1 wherein the cast bar is solidified by passing it through a cooling zone and the bar temperature is equalized by passing it through a non-cooled zone.
3. The method as defined by claim ll wherein the bar temperature is equalized by passing it through a heated zone.
4. The method as defined by claim 1. wherein the temperature of the bar is equalized to approximately 1,000 to 1,100 C.
1 i i i l

Claims (4)

1. A method for the production of a steel product comprising, continuously casting a steel bar, solidifying the cast bar, equalizing the temperature of the cast bar over its entire cross-section to a temperature in the range of 900*-1,200* C., reducing the cross-sectional area of the cast bar by 10 to 20 percent by means of a one-step shaping operation, shearing the bar to form individual slabs, heating the slabs to rolling temperature, and shaping and working the slabs to produce the steel product.
2. The method as defined by claim 1 wherein the cast bar is solidified by passing it through a cooling zone and the bar temperature is equalized by passing it through a non-cooled zone.
3. The method as defined by claim 1 wherein the bar temperature is equalized by passing it through a heated zone.
4. The method as defined by claim 1 wherein the temperature of the bar is equalized to approximately 1,000* to 1,100* C.
US32230A 1969-05-09 1970-04-27 Method for the production of sheets Expired - Lifetime US3678571A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT444569A AT293315B (en) 1969-05-09 1969-05-09 Process for processing an unquenched cast steel strand

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US3678571A true US3678571A (en) 1972-07-25

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US (1) US3678571A (en)
JP (1) JPS4820691B1 (en)
AT (1) AT293315B (en)
BE (1) BE750120A (en)
CA (1) CA939174A (en)
CH (1) CH504257A (en)
CS (1) CS152474B2 (en)
ES (1) ES379081A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2046436A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1306135A (en)
SE (1) SE364197B (en)
SU (1) SU361543A3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4204884A (en) * 1978-08-11 1980-05-27 Ingersoll Steel Company Method of conditioning cast steel for hot working
US4256516A (en) * 1978-12-26 1981-03-17 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing non-magnetic Fe-Mn steels having low thermal expansion coefficients and high yield points
US4422884A (en) * 1977-10-20 1983-12-27 Concast Ag Method of treating a continuously cast strand formed of stainless steel

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2545935C2 (en) * 1975-10-14 1984-04-26 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Method and rolling mill for rolling a slab, preferably a continuously cast slab, into a billet with a square or approximately square cross-section

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3317994A (en) * 1964-08-19 1967-05-09 Southwire Co Method of conditioning metal for hot forming
US3491823A (en) * 1966-04-22 1970-01-27 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Process for the manufacture of continuous castings

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3317994A (en) * 1964-08-19 1967-05-09 Southwire Co Method of conditioning metal for hot forming
US3491823A (en) * 1966-04-22 1970-01-27 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Process for the manufacture of continuous castings

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel, 1964, p. 550. *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4422884A (en) * 1977-10-20 1983-12-27 Concast Ag Method of treating a continuously cast strand formed of stainless steel
US4204884A (en) * 1978-08-11 1980-05-27 Ingersoll Steel Company Method of conditioning cast steel for hot working
US4256516A (en) * 1978-12-26 1981-03-17 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing non-magnetic Fe-Mn steels having low thermal expansion coefficients and high yield points

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Publication number Publication date
JPS4820691B1 (en) 1973-06-22
CH504257A (en) 1971-03-15
ES379081A1 (en) 1972-09-01
GB1306135A (en) 1973-02-07
DE2019699B2 (en) 1975-09-04
SU361543A3 (en) 1972-12-07
SE364197B (en) 1974-02-18
AT293315B (en) 1971-10-11
CA939174A (en) 1974-01-01
BE750120A (en) 1970-10-16
CS152474B2 (en) 1973-12-19
DE2019699A1 (en) 1970-11-19
FR2046436A5 (en) 1971-03-05

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