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US20130115573A1 - Dental veneers and methods of manufacture - Google Patents

Dental veneers and methods of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130115573A1
US20130115573A1 US13/730,946 US201213730946A US2013115573A1 US 20130115573 A1 US20130115573 A1 US 20130115573A1 US 201213730946 A US201213730946 A US 201213730946A US 2013115573 A1 US2013115573 A1 US 2013115573A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
veneer
dental
composite
tooth
composite material
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Abandoned
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US13/730,946
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English (en)
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Stephan Lampl
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US20130115573A1 publication Critical patent/US20130115573A1/en
Priority to US15/264,217 priority Critical patent/US20170014206A1/en
Priority to US15/855,631 priority patent/US10765492B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A61C5/08—
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/70—Tooth crowns; Making thereof
    • A61C5/77—Methods or devices for making crowns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/08—Artificial teeth; Making same
    • A61C13/087—Artificial resin teeth
    • A61C5/10—
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/20—Repairing attrition damage, e.g. facets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/70—Tooth crowns; Making thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
    • A61K6/16—Refractive index
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
    • A61K6/17—Particle size
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/30—Compositions for temporarily or permanently fixing teeth or palates, e.g. primers for dental adhesives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
    • A61K6/71—Fillers
    • A61K6/77—Glass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
    • A61K6/887—Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dental veneers and methods of manufacturing dental veneers.
  • Dental veneers are known in the art and are frequently simply called “veneers”. They usually represent cup-shaped solid bodies, which are placed as faces upon perhaps previously ground teeth and/or tooth stumps, in order to provide a discolored tooth with the desired look. Here, they generally replace the natural front of the respective tooth.
  • Dental veneers are typically custom-made for a particle from a ceramic.
  • First the required geometry of the dental veneer is determined via an impression of the ground tooth and/or tooth stump.
  • a new dental veneer must be produced, because an adjustment to the conditions in the mouth of the patient by the dentist is not possible on site. This ultimately means that the patient must go to the dentist at least twice, until the fitting dental veneer is produced and mounted to the tooth. Additionally, this leads to the need of lab work with a considerable expense of time and money.
  • the dental veneers according to the invention relate to solid bodies, which can be placed upon a tooth stump and/or tooth prepared in the manner known from prior art, in order to appropriately cover the front of a discolored tooth and optically improve it. They can be adjusted in size during a single visit to the dentist, can have an appearance that matches the natural look of human teeth, can minimize the amount of natural dental tissue that is removed preparatory to attaching the dental veneer to a person's tooth, and can have a hardness that is similar to the hardness of natural teeth.
  • the disclosed dental veneers are generally made from composite materials comprising one or more types of binder and one or more types of solid particulate filler.
  • the one or more types of binder comprise at least one methacrylate and the one or more types of solid particulate filler comprise solid inorganic particles.
  • Fibers can also be added to the composites to add additional toughness, flexibility and durability.
  • the dental veneers are made of composite, they do not have the extreme hardness of ceramic veneers (i.e., about 250 GPa) and are therefore adjustable in size.
  • the hardness of the dental veneers can be similar to that of real teeth (e.g., about 17-20 GPa, preferably about 19 GPa) and be more flexible, less brittle, and more durable and tough than ceramic. This permits the disclosed veneers to be significantly thinner in cross section compared to ceramic veneers. This, in turn, permits less tooth material to be removed during preparation for receiving the veneer.
  • dental veneers as disclosed herein can be adjusted in size and/or shape on site by a dentist using common dental tool and thus be adjusted to the specific tooth conditions of the patient at the time the dental veneer is applied to the tooth surface. This permits production of non-customized dental veneers that can essentially be customized to a patient while at the dental office. This eliminates the need to have customized dental veneers produced in a lab.
  • the exterior surface of the dental veneer is at least partially laser-treated to form a continuously hardened and/or glazed molten layer.
  • the composite from which the dental veneer is made may therefore comprise in specific regions, preferably the exposed outer surface of the dental veneer, a layer which essentially comprises only the continuously hardened or molten material of the solid particles.
  • the disclosed dental veneers can have the required strength and hardness so that said tooth provided with the dental veneer can permanently perform its actual objective as a chewing tool.
  • the continuously hardened and/or glazed outer layer provides greater hardness and durability than conventional composites and can better match the hardness and durability of natural tooth enamel.
  • the composite veneers can also be made according to a novel molding process, described in more detail below.
  • the mold used to make the composite veneers can have both transparent (e.g., glass) and non-transparent (e.g., metal) surfaces.
  • the mold can be heated to promote heat curing of the composite resin within the mold.
  • the transparent surface permits light curing of the composite adjacent to the transparent surface.
  • Such light curing can more quickly cure the composite adjacent to the transparent surface, which advantageously causes more polymerization shrinkage of the composite adjacent to the transparent surface adjacent to the transparent surface. This, in turn, draws the solid filler particles closer together and increases their density prior to laser treatment.
  • the high pressure within the molds can further condense and consolidate the composite material together to increase composite density, strength, durability, glossiness, and other desired properties.
  • the disclosed dental veneers can be less hard and brittle and have increased toughness compared to conventional ceramic veneers. This permits the dental veneers to advantageously have a thinner profile so that less of the patient's natural tooth tissue needs to be removed preparatory to attaching the veneer.
  • the disclosed dental veneers can be more easily adjusted to fit a patient's tooth or teeth, such as by means of a cutting or grinding tool.
  • the disclosed dental veneers can be altered, either before or after placement over a patient's teeth, to have a slightly irregular surface, such as by means of a grinding tool. In this way, they can have a more natural appearance compared to ceramic veneers, which can have an artificial appearance as a result of having a perfectly regular surface.
  • FIGS. 1-3 are frontal views illustrating exemplary dental veneers for teeth of the upper jaw
  • FIGS. 4-6 are longitudinal cross-sectional views through the exemplary dental veneers depicted in FIGS. 1-3 , respectively;
  • FIGS. 7-9 are frontal views illustrating exemplary dental veneers for teeth of the lower jaw
  • FIGS. 10-12 are longitudinal cross-sectional views through the exemplary dental veneers depicted in FIGS. 4-6 , respectively;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic exploded side view illustrating an exemplary application of a dental veneer to a tooth stump
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of the dental veneer of FIG. 13 applied to the tooth stump;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic photomicrograph of a composite used in making a dental veneer
  • FIG. 16 illustrates an embodiment of an exemplary kit of dental veneers according to the invention
  • FIG. 17 is a flow diagram that schematically illustrates an exemplary method for molding a dental veneer from a composite material
  • FIG. 18 is a flow diagram that schematically illustrates an exemplary method for treating a surface of a composite dental veneer to form a treated exterior surface
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary molding system for molding a dental veneer from a composite material.
  • dental veneers made from composite materials comprising one or more types of organic binder and one or more types of solid particulate filler.
  • An exterior surface of the dental veneer can be at least partially laser-treated to form a continuously hardened and/or glazed layer on the facial veneer surface.
  • the composite from which the dental veneer is made may comprise at specific sections, preferably the surface of the dental veneer, a layer which consists essentially of only the glazed layer of the solid particles.
  • dental veneers of this type can be processed on site by the dentist using the common tools of his/her practice and thus be adjusted to the conditions given in the patient. This eliminates the necessity of producing the dental veneers in a lab.
  • the dental veneers according to the invention have solid bodies, which may be placed upon a tooth stump and/or tooth prepared in manners known in the prior art, in order to appropriately cover the front of a discolored and/or damaged tooth and optically improve it.
  • dental veneers have solid bodies which are at least partially shaped in a curved cup-like fashion.
  • the dental veneers according to the invention also have a required solidity and/or hardness so that said tooth provided with the dental veneer can permanently perform its actual objective as a chewing tool.
  • the dental veneers comprise macro particles in a range of 50 ⁇ m to 1 mm (e.g., about 500 ⁇ m), micro particles in a range of 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m (e.g., 5 ⁇ m), and nano particles in a range of 100 nm to 1 ⁇ m (e.g., 500 nm).
  • the filler In order to achieve a high packing density, particularly small grain sizes are important here, because they fill the spaces between the larger grains. In this sense it is beneficial for the filler to comprise solid particles with grain sizes ranging from about 0.01 ⁇ m to about 3 ⁇ m. Additionally, in order to achieve higher solidity, the fill level of the composite must be as high as possible, which means the proportion of filler solid particles should be as high as possible (i.e., have high particle packing density). Beneficial variants of the invention provide that the filler solid particles be at least 75% by volume, preferably at least 82% by volume, in the composite of the dental veneer.
  • the filler solid particles include glass, a mixture of several types of glass, or materials made therefrom.
  • the types of glass may be different in color and composition.
  • the solid particles may comprise barium glass or strontium glass or mixtures thereof.
  • the solid particles may comprise aluminium-fluorosilicate glass, strontium-aluminium-silicate glass, barium-aluminium-silicate glass. In general, it may relate to a surface-treated SiO 2 .
  • the solid particles comprise quartz, ceramic, pyrogenic silica, precipitated silica, x-ray opaque dental glasses, ytterbium trifluoride, highly dispersed silica such as ZrO 2 , Ta 2 O 3 and TiO 2 or mixed oxides of SiO 2 , ZrO 2 and/or TiO 2 .
  • the veneers according to the current invention comprise an organic binder.
  • a binder comprising mono-, di- or poly-acrylates and methacrylates.
  • the organic binder in the composite may be made from one or more of the following: methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, glycerol diacrylate, glycerol triacrylate, ethyleneglycol diacrylate, diethyleneglycol diacrylate, triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, 1,3-propanediol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1,2,4-butanetriol trimethacrylate, 1,4-cyclohexanediol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate
  • the organic binder may contain phosphoric acid derivatives and carboxylic acid derivatives of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
  • the organic binder may comprise vinyl compounds such as styrene, diallyl phthalate, divinyl succinate, divinyl adipate and divinylphthalate.
  • the disclosed dental veneers are generally made from composite materials comprising one or more types of binder and one or more types of solid particulate filler.
  • the one or more types of binder comprise at least one methacrylate and the one or more types of solid particulate filler comprise solid inorganic particles.
  • Fibers can also be added to the composites to add additional toughness, flexibility and durability.
  • the dental veneers are made of composite, they do not have the extreme hardness of ceramic veneers (i.e., about 250 GPa) and are therefore adjustable in size.
  • the hardness of the dental veneers can be similar to that of real teeth (e.g., about 17-20 GPa, preferably about 19 GPa) and be more flexible, less brittle, and more durable and tough than ceramic. This permits the disclosed veneers to be significantly thinner in cross section compared to ceramic veneers. This, in turn, permits less tooth material to be removed during preparation for receiving the veneer.
  • the dental veneer comprises a standard color, which resembles the color of natural tooth enamel.
  • the dental veneer is translucent and/or transparent, instead of opaque.
  • color can be adjusted by using an appropriately colorized bonding material (or bonding material), which is arranged between the dental veneer and the tooth and/or tooth stump when the dental veneer is mounted and shines through the translucent dental veneer. This way the color of the veneer can be adjusted to match the color of the overall environment.
  • translucency from about 28% to about 39% and/or a L-value of about 59 to about 69 and/or an a-value from about ⁇ 0.35 to about ⁇ 3.2 and/or a b-value from about ⁇ 0.4 to about ⁇ 6.95.
  • Translucency relates to the light permeability, i.e. the reciprocal features of opacity.
  • the values mentioned above relate to a measurement according to DIN 6174.
  • the lab-color spectrum is known in prior art. It is designed based on the complementary color theory and allows one to determine a color value using color parameters and color intervals in an approximated uniform CIELAB-color range.
  • the L-value, the a-value, and the b-value are also determined according to DIN 6174.
  • a-axis relates to the complementary colors green and red.
  • the b-axis relates to the complementary colors blue and yellow.
  • the L-axis is positioned perpendicularly in reference to this level and reflects brightness.
  • a dental veneer comprises a cutting edge at one of its end sections, preferably showing a thickness ranging from about 1.0 mm to about 1.3 mm. At regions outside of the cutting edge section, the dental veneer preferably has a thickness of about 0.6 mm, and/or tapers flat at its end opposite the cutting edge.
  • thickness is to be understood as the wall thickness in the respective area of the dental veneer.
  • One or more embodiments of the invention allow a dentist to adjust a dental veneer and/or a blank of dental veneer on site to match the geometric requirements of the tooth and/or the tooth stump of the patient.
  • the dentist has the chance to select a bonding material according to its color, thereby he/she can perform the desired color matching on site.
  • a particular embodiment of the invention provides a set (or kit) of several dental veneers with various sizes and/or differently shapes.
  • the set (or kit) additionally comprises at least one liquid or pasty bonding material and several different dyes for coloring the bonding material.
  • the set (or kit) includes several differently colored, liquid or pasty bonding materials.
  • the provided bonding materials are suitable to fasten or adhere the dental veneer to a tooth and/or a tooth stump.
  • the dentist can select a blank of dental veneer that most closely resembles the natural situation of the tooth or tooth stump to be treated. The remaining adjustment can then be performed by processing and/or cutting this blank on site. For this purpose, the dentist can use the cutting tools usually available. Further, the dentist can select the suitable dye and/or the appropriately colored fastening (or bonding) material, by which the dental veneer is fastened or adhered to the tooth stump and/or tooth, so that the desired coloring is achieved in the dental veneer fastened to the tooth and/or tooth stump.
  • the set (or kit) may comprise at least one bonding material and several different dyes by which the bonding material is colored by the dentist.
  • the set already comprises several differently colored bonding materials, in which the dye no longer needs to be mixed into the bonding material by the dentist.
  • the bonding material may be pasty, i.e. mushy and/or thickly viscous.
  • Organic pigments and/or the inorganic whitener TiO2 may be used as colorants to dye the bonding material.
  • the bonding material preferably provided in a pasty form
  • the bonding material comprises the same or similar composite as the dental veneer of the set, however still in the pasty consistency.
  • the bonding means particularly provided in a liquid form, comprises the same organic binder as the dental veneer of the set, however still in a liquid form.
  • the set comprises at least one adhesive agent, preferably at least two different adhesive agents, and/or at least one etchant.
  • An adhesive agent serves to create a bond between the hydrophilic tooth and the hydrophobic composite of the dental veneer and/or the bonding means.
  • the adhesive agent may also compensate shrinking forces of the bonding material.
  • at least two different adhesive agents one of them may be used as an adhesive agent between the tooth and the bonding means, and the other adhesive agent may be used between the bonding means and the dental veneer.
  • suitable adhesive agents include the products of the company Indigodental GmbH & Co. KG in Pinneberg, Germany, marked REF 2050 and REF 2051.
  • the product REF 2050 may be used as an adhesive agent between the tooth stump and the bonding material. It includes methacrylated polyacrylic acid in a Bis-GMA based matrix.
  • the product REF 2051 may be used as an adhesive agent between the bonding material and the dental veneer. This also relates to a Bis-GMA based methacrylate.
  • the etchant is in the form of a corrosive gel, which serves to etch away the residual lubricants caused by the drill of the dentist and to expose the tubuli.
  • suitable etchants include, but are not limited to, 15-37% concentrated phosphoric acid or the product REF 2052 of the above-mentioned company. It is also possible to use prepared mixtures of etchants and adhesive agents.
  • the adhesive agents may include low-molecular methacrylates. Additionally, polymers showing a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic end may be used, such as methacrylated polyacrylic acid.
  • the product of the company Indigodental GmbH & Co. KG in Pinneberg, Germany, available under the name REF 2061 may be used as the composite for the production of dental veneers as well as the bonding means.
  • This product includes tri-ethylene glycol-dimethacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, Bis-GMA, and ethoxylated biphenol A dimethacrylate.
  • the product REF 2050 of said company, already mentioned with regards to adhesive agents, may be used as the organic binder.
  • FIGS. 1-3 show various dental veneers 1 for different teeth of the upper jaw.
  • FIGS. 7-9 show various teeth veneers 1 for different teeth of the lower jaw.
  • Experiments have shown that it is possible to generalize the tooth shapes occurring in the majority of different patients such that a relatively small number of differently-shaped blanks of dental veneers 1 can cover almost all naturally occurring forms of teeth if the dentist on site selects the appropriate blank of the dental veneer 1 and adjusts it to the actually given tooth shape of the patient.
  • This kind of onsite customization can be achieved using the dental veneer 1 according to the invention, but is difficult or impossible in the prior art.
  • FIGS. 4-6 and 10 - 12 each show a longitudinal cross-section through the dental veneer 1 of the figure shown thereabove.
  • Each of the dental veneers 1 shown comprises an end section 4 in the area of the cutting edge 5 .
  • the cutting edge 5 directly contacts the food to be chewed in order to break it apart.
  • the dental veneer 1 has its greatest thickness 6 in the end section 4 of the cutting edge 5 .
  • the thickness preferably ranges from about 1 mm to about 1.3 mm.
  • the dental veneers 1 shown in a longitudinal cross-section are embodied as hook-shaped or graduated, at least at the back.
  • the cutting edge 5 when the dental veneer 1 is applied to the tooth stump 10 , forms the entire cutting edge of the tooth reconstructed in this manner.
  • the tooth stump 10 then contacts in a form-fitting manner the free end 18 of the end section 4 , embodied hook-shaped and/or graduated as seen in the longitudinal cross-section.
  • the dental veneer 1 shows a considerably thinner thickness 7 as seen in FIGS. 4-6 and 10 - 12 . Preferably, it is no thicker than about 0.6 mm. In the embodiments shown in FIGS.
  • the end 8 of a veneer located opposite the cutting edge 5 tapers flat.
  • the dental veneer 1 forms an overall shape that is at least partially cup-shaped.
  • FIG. 13 shows, in a largely schematic fashion, a dental veneer 10 already prepared and etched.
  • a first adhesive agent 12 is applied, which provides an intimate connection between the tooth stump 10 and the bonding material 9 a, b , or c .
  • the bonding material is a pasty material.
  • the bonding material comprises the same composite, i.e. an organic binder 2 and solid particles 3 , as the one constituting the dental veneer 1 .
  • the bonding material is in a pasty consistency.
  • the bonding material can be dyed in order to show through the translucent veneer and provide the desired color when finished and fastened to the tooth.
  • the bonding material 9 b and 9 c preferably comprise both the organic binder 2 as well as the solid particles 3 .
  • this material is relatively mushy and/or pasty as compared to more highly filled composites used to make the veneers.
  • another bonding material 9 a may also be used, which comprises, in addition to the dye, exclusively the organic binder 2 or at least a lower portion of solid particles 3 .
  • the bonding material 9 a in one embodiment has 60 to 70% binder by volume.
  • This bonding material 9 a may comprise the same organic binder, preferably on a methacrylate basis.
  • the bonding material 9 a also has the same type and mixture of solid particles but at a lower concentration than the composite of the finished dental veneer 1 .
  • an adhesive agent 11 is applied between the bonding material 9 a, b , or c and the dental veneer 1 . It is particularly preferred when this represents an adhesive agent 11 different from the adhesive agent 12 . Suitable examples for adhesive agents have been described above.
  • FIG. 14 shows the finished status, in which the dental veneer 1 is fastened via the bonding material 9 a, b , or c to the tooth stump 10 , with the adhesive agents 11 and 12 being interposed.
  • the color pigments provided in the bonding material 9 a, b , or c can be seen through the translucent material of the dental veneer 1 and thereby provide the desired shade.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic enlargement of the composite material of the dental veneer 1 .
  • the various solid particles 3 are intimately connected to each other via the organic binder 2 .
  • methacrylate-based resins are used as organic binders. Examples of a suitable organic binder 2 have been mentioned above.
  • the solid particles 3 preferably comprise a glass mixture with solid particles 3 of different grain sizes. In this manner, the composite material may achieve a higher density (e.g., mass density and/or particle packing density), which leads to higher strength, stability, and resistance to abrasion.
  • the solid particles 3 in the dental veneer 1 amounts to at least 75% by volume, and more preferably at least 82% by volume.
  • preferred embodiments of the invention provide that the grain sizes of at least a portion of the solid particles 3 range from about 0.01 and about 1 mm, preferably from about 0.1 ⁇ m to about 500 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 16 shows schematically a dental set with several differently sized dental veneers 1 and adjuvants.
  • the dental set according to FIG. 16 comprises various sets of differently sized and shaped dental veneers 1 .
  • the dental set may include veneer sets of different shapes, each shape having two different sizes. The difference in size between two closest sizes is preferably about 10%.
  • the dentist can select the best matching veneer for the respective tooth of the patient and then perform detailed adjustment by an appropriate cutting on site.
  • the set according to FIG. 16 comprises various forms 15 for matching tooth size, by which the optimally pre-shaped dental veneer 1 can be selected in a simple fashion.
  • the dental set according to FIG. 16 also comprises different bonding materials 9 a, b , and c .
  • the bonding material 9 a is used when the purpose is to fill very small hollow spaces with bonding material.
  • the bonding material 9 a comprises an organic binder 2 , which may be contained in and dispensed by different syringes and can be variously dyed.
  • the bonding material 9 a may comprise a minor proportion of solid particles 3 , preferably in the above-mentioned concentration (i.e., about 60-70% binder and about 30-40% filler).
  • the bonding material 9 a may essentially be equivalent to the organic binder 2 , from which the composite of the dental veneer 1 of this set is made.
  • it may include an additional small portion of solid particles 3 .
  • the bonding materials 9 b and 9 c represent differently dyed pasty bonding materials. Preferably, they comprise the composite of the dental veneer 1 in a not yet cured consistency.
  • the bonding materials 9 b and 9 c therefore comprise both the organic binder 2 as well as the solid particles 3 .
  • the dentist can select the appropriately dyed bonding material 9 a, b , or c and use it in the manner indicated in FIGS. 13 and 14 to fasten or bond the dental veneer 1 to the tooth stump 10 .
  • the bonding materials 9 c are provided for such cases in which natural tooth enamel remains at the tooth stump 10 .
  • the dyes selected here may therefore be very light.
  • the various bonding materials 9 b are provided in case the tooth enamel has completely been removed from the tooth stump 10 and more intense dyes can be used to achieve the desired result.
  • the dental set (or kit) according to FIG. 16 may also comprise application syringes 16 , which serve to apply the bonding material 9 a, b , and/or c upon the tooth stump 10 .
  • Elements 11 and 12 are two different adhesive agents, which can be used as shown schematically in FIG. 13 .
  • the set according to FIG. 16 comprises an etchant 13 , which can be used to etch away any layer of lubricants caused by the prior processing of the tooth stump 10 before the respective adhesive agent 11 and/or 12 is applied and to expose the tubuli and/or tooth stumps and/or teeth.
  • an etch/adhesion means 17 is provided, which represents a combination of etchant and adhesive agent. Preferred embodiments of appropriate sets are offered in the respective containers. Of course, the allocation of the compartments and the content are only shown as examples and schematically in FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 17 is a flow diagram that schematically illustrates an embodiment if a general process 170 for manufacturing veneers according to the invention.
  • the first step 172 includes molding a composite material into a shape for attachment to a prepared tooth surface.
  • the composite material may be s disclosed above and comprises at least an organic binder and solid filler particles.
  • the next step 174 includes at least partially hardening or curing the composite material.
  • a third step 176 includes treating a portion of the at least partially hardened or cured composite material to form an exterior surface.
  • the exterior surface from this treatment comprises solid filler particles that have been continuously hardened and/or melted together to form a hardened glassy surface.
  • FIG. 18 is a flow diagram that schematically illustrates an embodiment of an exemplary process 180 for molding and treating a dental veneer, which is expanded from the process 170 shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the composite comprising the organic binder 2 and the solid particles 3 is first injected into a cartridge.
  • the composite is heated to an appropriate temperature (e.g., approximately 100° C.), which softens the composite for processing and molding.
  • the composite may also be pressurized to a pressure between about 80-100 bars.
  • the composite in injected through a thin tube into a mold having the desired size and shape.
  • step 184 After the composite material is injected into the mold, in step 184 it is heated to an appropriate temperature (e.g., about 130° C.) and maintained at the temperature, the heating lasting for about 15 minutes to thermally cure the composite material.
  • step 185 during at least a portion of the duration of the heat curing process (e.g., the first 10 minutes or so of the about 15 minutes of thermal curing), light curing of the composite is performed on the facial surface of the veneer by shining light through a transparent side of the mold with a suitable LED light.
  • the suitable LED light is characterized, for example, by a wavelength from about 450 nanometers (nm) to about 480 nm. This curing step combines high pressure, heat, and light.
  • the transparent side of the mold permits the curing light to pass through the mold to cure the facial side of the tooth veneer, which improves the surface properties of the veneer by causing polymerization shrinkage in the composite material facing the light. This shrinkage causes particles to become closer together on the facial surface of the veneer. Meanwhile, heating and high-pressure condense and consolidate particles together, resulting in high composite density throughout the dental veneer 1 .
  • the composite may comprise one or more photo initiators to facilitate the light curing process.
  • suitable photo initiators include benzophenone, benzoin and derivatives thereof and a-diketones and derivatives thereof, such as 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, 1-phenyl-propan-1,2-dione, diacetyl and 4,4-dichlorobenzil.
  • 4-(dimethylamino)-benzoic acid esters N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, N,N-dimethyl-sym.-xylidine or triethanolamine, as well as monobenzoyl- or dibenzoyl germanium derivatives, are preferably used.
  • one or more heat initiators may be added to the composite in an embodiment of the invention.
  • Benzopinacol and 2,2′-dialkylbenzopinacols are suitable as initiators for thermal curing.
  • the blank of the dental veneer 1 is subsequently cooled and removed from the tooth mold, as illustrated.
  • the veneer is placed in a compartment with N 2 gas, which prevents oxidation or burning of the organic binder.
  • the facial area and/or the surface of the dental veneer 1 is then subjected to a laser treatment, wherein the laser is applied the facial surface of the veneer, entering the surface by about 80 ⁇ m and sintering the solid particles about 80 ⁇ m deep from other facial surface.
  • the organic binder 2 is inhibited and/or removed from the surface of the dental veneer 1 , and interstitial polymers are removed by vaporization.
  • this layer is provable by a cross-section through the dental veneer 1 and preferably has a thickness ranging from about 10 to about 20 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 19 schematically illustrates an example of a dental veneer mold system 190 according to the invention, wherein a mold 196 is connected through a thin tube 194 to a cartridge 192 containing a composite material pressurized by a pump 191 .
  • the cartridge 192 is illustrated as a box in FIG. 19 , it can be embodied in various shapes and sizes known in the art.
  • the tooth veneer mold 196 may have various sizes, shapes, and configurations while effectively implementing the underlying principles of the current invention.
  • the pressurizing pump 191 is illustrated as exterior to the cartridge 192 , one skilled in the art understands that the pressurizing mechanism may be configured differently, either external or internal to the cartridge 192 .
  • the mold 196 is transparent on the side 198 shaping the facial surface 199 of the dental veneer 1 .
  • the transparent side 198 of the mold 196 allows for light curing of the composite at the facial surface 199 , and can be made of transparent materials such as inorganic or organic glasses. Because the composite material is also heated in the mold 196 for thermal curing, heat tolerant transparent material are suitable for making the mold 196 .
  • the opaque sides 197 of the mold 196 may be made of metals such as chromium-steel.
  • a filler according to the invention based on a silanized glass in order to improve the mechanical properties of the cured dental material.
  • silanization used herein means the functionalization of the glass surface with polymerizable silanes, such as by reaction with (meth)acrylate-functionalized silanes, e.g.
  • (meth)acryloyloxyalkyl-trialkoxysilanes usually 3-(methacryloyloxy)propyl-trimethoxy-silane, 3-(methacryloyloxy)-propyltriethoxysilane, 3-(methacryloyloxy)-propyltrichlorosilane, methacryloyloxy-methyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloyloxymethyltriethoxysilane, 3-(methacryloyloxy)-propylmethyldichlorosilane or 3-(meth-acryl-oyloxy)propylmethyldimethoxy silane.
  • silanes 3-(Methacryloyloxy)-propyltrimethoxysilane is preferred.
  • the silanization of the glasses takes place in conventional manner and is known to a person skilled in the art. Although it may be preferably to silanize all the filler particles, it may be desirable to not silanize nano-sized particles to prevent or minimize agglomeration.
  • barium and/or strontium glass powder may be applied to coat the surface of the veneer during laser treatment.
  • the veneer has a heat cured composite base covered by a laser vitrified composite layer, which is covered by a barium and strontium glass layer.
  • the final processing may include, but are not limited to, cutting the veneer to achieve correct size and shape, grinding and/or smoothing edges and surface, and creating minute surface texture to achieve a realistic look instead of a perfectly uniform but fake look.
  • the dental veneer 1 via laser from a block of composite material, which causes the cured and/or glazed molten layer to form automatically at the surface of the dental veneer 1 .

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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US13/730,946 2010-07-02 2012-12-29 Dental veneers and methods of manufacture Abandoned US20130115573A1 (en)

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US11865653B2 (en) 2009-02-02 2024-01-09 Viax Dental Technologies Llc Method for producing a dentist tool
US20150257853A1 (en) 2009-02-02 2015-09-17 Viax Dental Technologies, LLC Dentist tool
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US10144100B2 (en) 2009-02-02 2018-12-04 Viax Dental Technologies, LLC Method of preparation for restoring tooth structure
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US10765492B2 (en) 2020-09-08
ES2669305T3 (es) 2018-05-24
EP2926760A1 (de) 2015-10-07
DE202011110309U1 (de) 2013-05-28
HUE036901T2 (hu) 2018-08-28
WO2012000006A1 (de) 2012-01-05
US20180132973A1 (en) 2018-05-17
US20170014206A1 (en) 2017-01-19
PT2588020T (pt) 2018-05-02
AT13375U1 (de) 2013-11-15
PL2588020T3 (pl) 2018-07-31
EP2926760B1 (de) 2019-08-21
CA2988487A1 (en) 2012-01-05
AU2011274281A1 (en) 2013-02-21
ES2757581T3 (es) 2020-04-29
AT12407U1 (de) 2012-05-15
AU2011274281B2 (en) 2014-01-09
EP2588020B1 (de) 2018-02-21
EP2588020A1 (de) 2013-05-08
TR201805705T4 (tr) 2018-06-21
CA2802729A1 (en) 2012-01-05
CA2802729C (en) 2018-07-10

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