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US20110011130A1 - Method And Apparatus For The Production Of Gas From Air In Highly Flexible Gaseous And Liquid Form By Cryogenic Distillation - Google Patents

Method And Apparatus For The Production Of Gas From Air In Highly Flexible Gaseous And Liquid Form By Cryogenic Distillation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110011130A1
US20110011130A1 US12/530,826 US53082608A US2011011130A1 US 20110011130 A1 US20110011130 A1 US 20110011130A1 US 53082608 A US53082608 A US 53082608A US 2011011130 A1 US2011011130 A1 US 2011011130A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
turbine
pressure
air
temperature
supercharger
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US12/530,826
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English (en)
Inventor
Alain Guillard
Patrick Le Bot
Xavier Pontone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Assigned to L'AIR LIQUIDE SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE reassignment L'AIR LIQUIDE SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GUILLARD, ALAIN, LE BOT, PATRICK, PONTONE, XAVIER
Publication of US20110011130A1 publication Critical patent/US20110011130A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
    • F25J3/04139—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/04—Multiple expansion turbines in parallel

Definitions

  • the invention provides a method of producing at least one air gas using cryogenic distillation in a system of columns comprising at least one medium-pressure column operating at a medium pressure and a low-pressure column operating at a low pressure, these being thermally coupled to one another and in which, in a first and a second operating mode:
  • this main pressure is possibly variable according to the products demanded
  • a first part of the air stream at at least the main pressure is cooled in a heat exchange line down to an intermediate temperature thereof and is expanded in at least a first turbine;
  • a second part of the air stream is expanded in at least a second turbine ( 21 B) the admission and delivery conditions of which differ by at most 5 bar and by at most 15° C. or are identical in terms of pressure and temperature to those of the first turbine;
  • the admission pressure of the first turbine is very substantially higher than the medium pressure and possibly higher than the main pressure
  • the delivery pressure of the first turbine is greater than or equal to the medium pressure, preferably substantially equal to the medium pressure
  • a/the supercharger compresses at least a fraction of the air stream to a high pressure, greater than or equal to the main air pressure cooled in the heat exchange line down to a cryogenic temperature ( ⁇ 100° C.), and returns the supercharged stream to the heat exchange line in which at least part becomes liquefied at the cold end and is then sent into the system of columns following expansion;
  • an auxiliary turbine admits a gaseous fraction of the air stream that has been cooled in the main heat exchange line;
  • the admission pressure of the auxiliary turbine is greater than or substantially equal to the main pressure, preferably at least 2 bar abs greater than or substantially equal to the main pressure;
  • the delivery pressure of the auxiliary turbine is greater than or substantially equal to atmospheric pressure, preferably substantially equal to the low pressure
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a unit for cooling and heating streams intended for and coming from a system of air separation columns comprising a heat exchange line, a first turbine, an auxiliary turbine, a supercharger, the heat exchange line comprising:
  • At least one passage to receive a second purified air flow rate, the at least one passage for receiving the second purified air stream being connected to the admission of the auxiliary turbine and the delivery of the auxiliary turbine being connected to at least one passage for air to be heated.
  • the unit may be configured in such a way that, in operation, one of the following conditions is met:
  • the admission temperature of the auxiliary turbine is greater than the admission temperature of the supercharger
  • the admission temperature of the supercharger is lower than the admission temperature of the first turbine
  • the delivery temperature of the supercharger is greater than the admission temperature of the first turbine
  • the delivery temperature of the supercharger is greater than the delivery temperature of the auxiliary turbine.
  • This method employs a known distillation system (medium-pressure and low-pressure columns thermally connected to one another, possibly an intermediate-pressure column and/or a mixing column and/or an argon mixture column, etc.) and involves at least two expansion turbines.
  • Two flow rates are at substantially equal pressure if their pressures differ only by the pressure drops.
  • the gaseous fraction of the air flow rate admitted by the auxiliary turbine is expanded beforehand in the first and/or the second turbine, possibly sent to the medium-pressure column and withdrawn from the medium-pressure column before being sent to the auxiliary turbine after having been warmed in the main heat exchange line.
  • the production of liquid product, all end products combined constitutes 1% or 2% or 5% of the air stream sent to the columns (or to the column if only the medium-pressure column is supplied with air).
  • a compressed air stream 1 from a main compressor is supercharged in a supercharger 3 to a high pressure of at least 5 bar abs above the pressure of the medium-pressure column, this high pressure being known as the main pressure.
  • This main pressure may, for example, be between 10 and 25 bar abs.
  • the stream 5 is then purified in respect of water and carbon dioxide (not illustrated).
  • the total supercharged and purified air stream 5 is sent to a heat exchange line 7 where it is cooled down to a temperature T 1 . At that temperature, the stream 5 is split into two to form a stream 9 which becomes liquefied and is sent to the system of columns and a stream 11 .
  • the stream 11 leaves the heat exchange line 7 at the temperature T 1 which differs by at most ⁇ 5° C. from the vaporization temperature of the pressurized oxygen 33 and is sent to a cold supercharger 13 to produce a stream 15 at a pressure very substantially higher than the medium pressure and possibly higher than the main pressure.
  • the stream 15 at a temperature T 2 as it leaves the cold supercharger is cooled in the heat exchange line 7 down to a temperature T 3 higher than T 1 .
  • the stream 15 is split into two streams 17 , 19 .
  • the stream 17 is expanded in a turbine 21 from the temperature T 3 close to the pseudo-vaporization temperature of the pressurized oxygen 33 .
  • the admission pressure of the turbine 21 is equal to the delivery pressure of the supercharger 13 and therefore very substantially higher than the medium pressure (at least 5 bar higher) and possibly higher than the main pressure and the delivery pressure is greater than or equal to the medium pressure, preferably substantially equal to the medium pressure.
  • the stream expanded to a pressure greater than or equal to the medium pressure, preferably substantially equal to the medium pressure, is sent to the system of columns by way of stream 25 .
  • the stream 19 continues to be cooled in the heat exchange line and is sent in gaseous form to the system of columns.
  • the cold supercharger 13 is driven by the turbine 21 .
  • a residual nitrogen flow rate is warmed in the heat exchange line.
  • a stream of liquid oxygen 35 pressurized in a pump 33 , becomes vaporized in the heat exchange line 7 .
  • a liquid from the system of columns, other than the liquid oxygen, is pressurized, vaporized in the heat exchange line 7 , and then used by way of pressurized product.
  • an air fraction 25 is withdrawn from the purified air 5 at the main pressure and cooled in the heat exchange line 7 .
  • the fraction 25 is sent to a turbine 27 where it is expanded to a temperature T 5 forming an air stream 29 . This air stream is heated up in the heat exchange line.
  • a liquid product is withdrawn from the system of columns by way of end product 32 .
  • the only product of the apparatus is liquid oxygen but other products could obviously be produced in liquid form.
  • the air flow rate 25 processed in the auxiliary turbine 27 is reduced possibly to zero, the flow rate of the incoming main air stream 1 is reduced by a flow rate at least equal to the reduction in the flow rate of the air sent to the auxiliary turbine 27 and the production of liquid 37 is decreased possibly to zero.
  • variable vanes of a compressor and/or by starting and/or stopping an auxiliary air compressor.
  • These two operating modes may constitute the only operating modes of the apparatus or, alternatively, there may be other operating modes.
  • These may include a compression step (supercharger 3 B) between the hot supercharging which raises the air to the main pressure and the cold supercharging, so that the cold supercharging is effected starting from a pressure above the main pressure.
  • a compression step (supercharger 3 B) between the hot supercharging which raises the air to the main pressure and the cold supercharging, so that the cold supercharging is effected starting from a pressure above the main pressure.
  • the turbine 21 is driven by the supercharger 13 and the supercharger 3 drives the auxiliary turbine 27 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
US12/530,826 2007-03-13 2008-03-12 Method And Apparatus For The Production Of Gas From Air In Highly Flexible Gaseous And Liquid Form By Cryogenic Distillation Abandoned US20110011130A1 (en)

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FR0753788A FR2913759B1 (fr) 2007-03-13 2007-03-13 Procede et appareil de production de gaz de l'air sous forme gazeuse et liquide a haute flexibilite par distillation cryogenique.
FR0753788 2007-03-13
PCT/FR2008/050418 WO2008129198A2 (fr) 2007-03-13 2008-03-12 Procede et appareil de production de gaz de l'air sous forme gazeuse et liquide a haute flexibilite par distillation cryogenique

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US (1) US20110011130A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2118601B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5032596B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101883963B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0808718B1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2913759B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2479806C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008129198A2 (fr)

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US20120308884A1 (en) * 2011-06-03 2012-12-06 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Single-layer and multilayer graphene, method of manufacturing the same, object including the same, and electric device including the same
WO2014154339A2 (fr) 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de séparation d'air et installation de séparation d'air
US20160079600A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2016-03-17 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method of composite oxide and manufacturing method of power storage device
WO2018191014A1 (fr) 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Procédé de régulation de la production d'oxygène gazeux à haute pression dans une unité de séparation d'air

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DE102010052545A1 (de) * 2010-11-25 2012-05-31 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung eines gasförmigen Druckprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
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FR2973486B1 (fr) * 2011-03-31 2013-05-03 Air Liquide Procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2985305B1 (fr) * 2012-01-03 2017-12-22 L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et appareil de production de gaz de l'air sous pression utilisant un surpresseur cryogenique
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EP3438585A3 (fr) 2017-08-03 2019-04-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de dégivrage d'un appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique et appareil adapté pour être dégivré par ce procédé
FR3069913B1 (fr) * 2017-08-03 2020-06-26 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
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US20120308884A1 (en) * 2011-06-03 2012-12-06 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Single-layer and multilayer graphene, method of manufacturing the same, object including the same, and electric device including the same
US20160079600A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2016-03-17 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method of composite oxide and manufacturing method of power storage device
WO2014154339A2 (fr) 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de séparation d'air et installation de séparation d'air
WO2014154339A3 (fr) * 2013-03-26 2015-01-08 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de séparation d'air et installation de séparation d'air
WO2018191014A1 (fr) 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Procédé de régulation de la production d'oxygène gazeux à haute pression dans une unité de séparation d'air
US10359231B2 (en) 2017-04-12 2019-07-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for controlling production of high pressure gaseous oxygen in an air separation unit

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BRPI0808718B1 (pt) 2019-09-24
CN101883963B (zh) 2013-09-18
BRPI0808718A2 (pt) 2014-08-12
JP2010531424A (ja) 2010-09-24
WO2008129198A3 (fr) 2011-07-07
EP2118601A2 (fr) 2009-11-18
RU2009137758A (ru) 2011-04-20
RU2479806C2 (ru) 2013-04-20
FR2913759B1 (fr) 2013-08-16
FR2913759A1 (fr) 2008-09-19
WO2008129198A2 (fr) 2008-10-30
JP5032596B2 (ja) 2012-09-26
EP2118601B1 (fr) 2017-12-20
CN101883963A (zh) 2010-11-10

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