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US20100108203A1 - Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head - Google Patents

Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100108203A1
US20100108203A1 US12/609,522 US60952209A US2010108203A1 US 20100108203 A1 US20100108203 A1 US 20100108203A1 US 60952209 A US60952209 A US 60952209A US 2010108203 A1 US2010108203 A1 US 2010108203A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
max
ingot
strip material
elongated strip
golf club
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/609,522
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English (en)
Inventor
Theodore Kosa
David E. Wert
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US12/609,522 priority Critical patent/US20100108203A1/en
Publication of US20100108203A1 publication Critical patent/US20100108203A1/en
Priority to US13/677,988 priority patent/US20130220491A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/021—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

Definitions

  • This invention relates to stainless steel strip material and in particular to a stainless steel strip article having very high tensile strength, a method of making same, and a method of using the strip material for making a golf club head.
  • club heads are typically manufactured using a cast body with a faceplate.
  • the cast body material is typically formed of a precipitation hardenable stainless steel such as 17-4 PH or 15-5 PH stainless steel.
  • Golf clubs are typically manufactured by welding the faceplate to the cast body and then heat treating the entire assembly to develop final properties.
  • the alloys typically used for the cast body of the club have solution temperatures of about 1900° F., whereas the known faceplate materials have solution temperatures ranging from 1550° F. to 1800° F. This mismatch in heat treating temperatures results in either the club body, or the faceplate material, or possibly both, providing less than optimum properties in the as-heat treated condition after assembly of the club head.
  • the CUSTOM 475 alloy often requires a different manufacturing process altogether, because the alloy cannot be re-solutioned after club head assembly.
  • a stainless steel strip article that is formed from a corrosion resistant alloy comprising, in weight percent, about:
  • the elongated thin strip article provides a room temperature tensile strength of at least about 280 ksi in the solution treated and age hardened condition.
  • a method of making a thin strip article comprises the steps of casting a corrosion resistant alloy having the weight percent composition set forth above to form an ingot.
  • the ingot is hot worked to form an elongated strip material.
  • the strip material is then heat treated under conditions of time and temperature to provide an ultimate tensile strength of at least about 280 ksi at room temperature.
  • a method of making a golf club head includes the step of casting a corrosion resistant alloy having the weight percent composition set forth above to form an ingot.
  • the ingot is hot worked to form an elongated strip article which is then heat treated under conditions of time and temperature to benefit the machinability and processability of the strip material.
  • the strip material is then machined to form a faceplate for a golf club head.
  • the method includes the further step of forming a golf club head body from a corrosion resistant precipitation hardenable steel alloy.
  • the faceplate is bonded to golf club head body.
  • the assembly is then heat treated under conditions of time and temperature sufficient to provide a desired level of hardness and strength in the golf club head body and an ultimate tensile strength of at least about 280 ksi at room temperature in the faceplate.
  • the drawing is a graph of tensile strength as a function of aging temperature.
  • the alloy composition is preferably melted using vacuum induction melting (VIM).
  • VIM vacuum induction melting
  • the steel is cast into one or more ingot molds.
  • VAR vacuum arc remelted
  • the alloy is formed into strip by intermediate pressing of the ingot to form a billet and then hot rolling the billet to form elongated strip.
  • the strip material can be formed by hot rolling the ingot from a starting temperature of about 1900° F. to 2250° F.
  • the strip can be provided in the overaged condition by heating at about 1100° F. to 1350° F. for about 2 to 8 hours and then cooling in air.
  • the strip material is heated at about 1900° F. to 1950° F.
  • the strip material is cold rolled to final or near final thickness prior to being heat treated.
  • the strip material according to this invention can be solution treated in a continuous furnace with times and temperatures adjusted accordingly.
  • the strip material is processed to a thickness of about 0.02-0.16 inches, preferably about 0.10-0.12 inches.
  • the alloy strip according to this invention can be double solution treated with no significant loss in properties, particularly no loss of strength.
  • the stainless steel strip material of this invention can be provided in the solution treated plus refrigerated condition, processed into components, and then re-solutioned, re-refrigerated, and age hardened after being assembled into a golf club head to provide the desired high strength and hardness.
  • a small heat was melted and processed.
  • the 400 lb heat was melted by VIM+VAR and cast as an 8-inch diameter ingot.
  • the weight percent composition of the VAR ingot is given below in Table I.
  • the balance of the alloy was iron and usual impurities.
  • the ingot was homogenized at 2300° F. for 16 hours, and then pressed to a 4-in ⁇ 8-in billet from a starting temperature of 2000° F.
  • the billet was hot rolled to 7.5 in. wide ⁇ 0.15 in. thick strip from a starting temperature of 2250° F.
  • the strip was then ground to 0.135 in. thick and then cold rolled to 0.1103 in. thick.
  • the strip was given an overaging treatment by heating at 1146° F. for 5.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the strip material was ground to a final thickness of 0.1083 in.
  • Standard strip tensile blanks were rough cut in the longitudinal and transverse orientations from the overaged strip.
  • Groups of the blanks were solution treated at 1850° F., 1900° F., 1950° F., and 2000° F., respectively, for 1 hour and air cooled.
  • the solution treated blanks were deep chilled at ⁇ 100° F. for 8 hours and then warmed in air to room temperature.
  • the blanks were then rough machined to provide a gage section about 1 ⁇ 2 inch wide ⁇ 2 inches long.
  • Groups of the rough machined blanks from each solution treatment were aged at temperatures ranging from about 900° F. to about 975° F. for 4 hours and then air cooled.
  • the test specimens were finish machined after aging and tested at room temperature.
  • ASTM grain size means average grain size as determined in accordance with ASTM Standard Test Procedure E-112.
  • the data presented in the tables show that a strip article made from the alloy composition described in this application is capable of attaining an U.T.S. 280 ksi or higher.
  • the strip material is much less heavily alloyed than other stainless compositions capable of that strength level, resulting in a lower alloy cost.
  • the strip material is capable of being solution heat treated more than once without sacrificing strength or toughness properties.
  • the strip material of this invention is preferably solution heat treated at a temperature in range of about 1900-1950° F., making golf club faceplates of this composition fully compatible with the solution treating temperature for the precipitation hardenable stainless casting alloys most often used for the body of golf club head. Therefore, the faceplate and the club head body can be solution treated and age hardened in the assembled configuration to develop maximum hardness and strength, not only in the body of the club head, but also in the faceplate which makes contact with a golf ball.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
US12/609,522 2008-10-31 2009-10-30 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head Abandoned US20100108203A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/609,522 US20100108203A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2009-10-30 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head
US13/677,988 US20130220491A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2012-11-15 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11003408P 2008-10-31 2008-10-31
US12/609,522 US20100108203A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2009-10-30 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/677,988 Continuation US20130220491A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2012-11-15 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100108203A1 true US20100108203A1 (en) 2010-05-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/609,522 Abandoned US20100108203A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2009-10-30 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head
US13/677,988 Abandoned US20130220491A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2012-11-15 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head

Family Applications After (1)

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US13/677,988 Abandoned US20130220491A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2012-11-15 Ultra-High Strength Stainless Alloy Strip, a Method of Making Same, and a Method of Using Same for Making a Golf Club Head

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US20100108203A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2350326B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5464214B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102203300B (zh)
ES (1) ES2421431T3 (zh)
TW (1) TWI417402B (zh)
WO (1) WO2010051440A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170007893A1 (en) * 2013-11-05 2017-01-12 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Club heads with bounded face to body yield strength ratio and related methods
WO2018053263A1 (en) * 2016-09-16 2018-03-22 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Multi-process hardening method
US11446553B2 (en) 2013-11-05 2022-09-20 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Club heads with bounded face to body yield strength ratio and related methods

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140161658A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Crs Holdings, Inc. High Strength Precipitation Hardenable Stainless Steel
JP2014113268A (ja) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-26 Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd ゴルフクラブヘッド
CN114058802B (zh) * 2016-08-18 2023-09-19 卡斯顿制造有限公司 局部热处理装置及方法
US11692232B2 (en) 2018-09-05 2023-07-04 Gregory Vartanov High strength precipitation hardening stainless steel alloy and article made therefrom
US20210316194A1 (en) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-14 Acushnet Company Striking face of a golf club head
CN111500954B (zh) * 2020-04-29 2021-07-13 天津航天机电设备研究所 一种高强镁合金大型薄壁铸件热处理工艺

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US3574601A (en) * 1968-11-27 1971-04-13 Carpenter Technology Corp Corrosion resistant alloy
US5681528A (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-10-28 Crs Holdings, Inc. High-strength, notch-ductile precipitation-hardening stainless steel alloy
US5855844A (en) * 1995-09-25 1999-01-05 Crs Holdings, Inc. High-strength, notch-ductile precipitation-hardening stainless steel alloy and method of making
US6630103B2 (en) * 2001-03-27 2003-10-07 Crs Holding, Inc. Ultra-high-strength precipitation-hardenable stainless steel and strip made therefrom

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6238455B1 (en) * 1999-10-22 2001-05-29 Crs Holdings, Inc. High-strength, titanium-bearing, powder metallurgy stainless steel article with enhanced machinability
CN1232321C (zh) * 2001-02-15 2005-12-21 陈晴祺 高尔夫杆头
US20100309317A1 (en) * 2009-06-04 2010-12-09 Wi-Lan Inc. Device and method for detecting unused tv spectrum for wireless communication systems

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3574601A (en) * 1968-11-27 1971-04-13 Carpenter Technology Corp Corrosion resistant alloy
US5681528A (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-10-28 Crs Holdings, Inc. High-strength, notch-ductile precipitation-hardening stainless steel alloy
US5855844A (en) * 1995-09-25 1999-01-05 Crs Holdings, Inc. High-strength, notch-ductile precipitation-hardening stainless steel alloy and method of making
US6630103B2 (en) * 2001-03-27 2003-10-07 Crs Holding, Inc. Ultra-high-strength precipitation-hardenable stainless steel and strip made therefrom

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170007893A1 (en) * 2013-11-05 2017-01-12 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Club heads with bounded face to body yield strength ratio and related methods
US10695620B2 (en) * 2013-11-05 2020-06-30 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Club heads with bounded face to body yield strength ratio and related methods
US11446553B2 (en) 2013-11-05 2022-09-20 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Club heads with bounded face to body yield strength ratio and related methods
WO2018053263A1 (en) * 2016-09-16 2018-03-22 Karsten Manufacturing Corporation Multi-process hardening method
GB2568435A (en) * 2016-09-16 2019-05-15 Karsten Mfg Corp Multi-process hardening method
JP2019528890A (ja) * 2016-09-16 2019-10-17 カーステン マニュファクチュアリング コーポレーション マルチプロセス硬化方法
GB2568435B (en) * 2016-09-16 2022-11-09 Karsten Mfg Corp Multi-process hardening method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5464214B2 (ja) 2014-04-09
CN102203300B (zh) 2013-08-07
JP2012507632A (ja) 2012-03-29
EP2350326A1 (en) 2011-08-03
TWI417402B (zh) 2013-12-01
CN102203300A (zh) 2011-09-28
US20130220491A1 (en) 2013-08-29
TW201024430A (en) 2010-07-01
ES2421431T3 (es) 2013-09-02
WO2010051440A1 (en) 2010-05-06
EP2350326B1 (en) 2013-05-01

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Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION