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US20090031726A1 - Steam turbine installation and associated operating method - Google Patents

Steam turbine installation and associated operating method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090031726A1
US20090031726A1 US12/240,015 US24001508A US2009031726A1 US 20090031726 A1 US20090031726 A1 US 20090031726A1 US 24001508 A US24001508 A US 24001508A US 2009031726 A1 US2009031726 A1 US 2009031726A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
steam
cyclone separator
housing
center axis
longitudinal center
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/240,015
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Greim
Timothy Stephen Rice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD reassignment ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RICE, TIMOTHY STEPHEN, GREIM, RALF
Publication of US20090031726A1 publication Critical patent/US20090031726A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
    • B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/32—Collecting of condensation water; Drainage ; Removing solid particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F01K21/06—Treating live steam, other than thermodynamically, e.g. for fighting deposits in engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam turbine installation, especially for electricity generation.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating such a steam turbine installation. Furthermore, the invention relates to a use of an inertial separator.
  • a combined gas turbine-steam power plant for electricity generation is known from CH 653 097 A5.
  • Such a combined cycle plant includes, on the one hand, a gas turbine with an associated compressor and an associated combustion chamber, and also, on the other hand, a steam turbine with an associated steam generator.
  • the steam generator is heated with the hot exhaust gases of the gas turbine.
  • the combustion chamber is equipped with a fluidized bed.
  • the exhaust gases, or flue gases, which are created during operation are laden with particles.
  • a plurality of cyclone separators are arranged in the exhaust gas path upstream of the gas turbine.
  • a gas turbine installation is known from DE 198 34 376 A1, in which stator blades are cooled with a cooling gas.
  • an axial cyclone is arranged in the cooling gas path upstream of the stator blades which are to be cooled.
  • the invention attempts to provide a remedy for this.
  • One of numerous aspects of the present invention deals with the problem of showing a method for a steam turbine installation of the type mentioned in the introduction, which especially reduces the risk of erosion of the blades of the steam turbine as a result of oxide particles.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is based on the general idea of removing the entrained particles from the steam flow in the steam path upstream of the steam turbine which leads from the steam generator to the steam turbine, specifically preferably by an inertial separator.
  • an inertial separator which in particular can be designed as a cyclone separator, is a comparatively inexpensively realizable measure which is characterized by a comparatively low pressure loss compared with the use of conventional filters. Furthermore, the use of an inertial separator is considerably more cost-effective than the use of high-purity water for reducing the oxidation effect of the steam, or than the use of especially high-value materials in the region of the steam generator for increasing the oxidation-resistance of these components, or than the use of especially high-value alloys or coatings or surface treatments of the blades for improving the erosion-resistance of the blades. In comparison to these alternatives, the inertial separator is therefore characterized by an extremely low pressure loss and also by an inexpensive realizability. An inertial separator is characterized in that a flow deflection is forced within it, which the entrained particles cannot follow on account of their greater mass. Instead of this, the particles impinge upon corresponding obstacles, as a result of which they are additionally braked.
  • FIG. 1 shows a much simplified, circuit diagram-like schematic representation of a steam turbine installation
  • FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned simplified side view of an inertial separator
  • FIG. 3 shows a partially sectioned perspective view of another inertial separator.
  • a steam turbine installation 1 exemplifying principles of the invention includes a steam path 2 , in which a steam turbine 3 and a steam generator 4 are arranged.
  • the steam turbine 3 is located downstream of the steam generator 4 and for example can drive a generator 5 so that the steam turbine installation 1 preferably serves for electricity generation.
  • the steam turbine installation 1 can be a part of a combined cycle plant, that is to say a combined gas turbine-steam power plant.
  • the steam generator 4 can then be heated with hot exhaust gases of the gas turbine. In principle, however, the heating of the steam generator 4 is designed in any desired manner.
  • an inertial separator 6 is arranged in the steam path 2 downstream of the steam generator 4 and upstream of the steam turbine 3 .
  • the inertial separator 6 serves for separating out particles, that is to say as a rule solid bodies, which are entrained in the steam flow, which is carried out by means of inertia forces.
  • the separated-out particles can be extracted from the inertial separator 6 in accordance with an arrow 7 .
  • each steam outlet from the steam generator 4 can be equipped with such an inertial separator 6 .
  • the inertial separator 6 can preferably be designed as a cyclone separator which is characterized in that the steam flow, which is represented by arrows 8 in FIG. 2 , rotates around a longitudinal center axis 9 of the inertial separator 6 .
  • the cyclone separator is subsequently also designated with 6.
  • Other constructional forms, such as electrostatic filters, are also possible so that the cyclone separator 6 which is mentioned here is quoted purely exemplarily and without limitation of the generality.
  • the cyclone separator 6 in the installed state is preferably arranged in an upright position, as a result of which its longitudinal center axis 9 extends essentially vertically.
  • the cyclone separator 6 has two sections in the vertical direction, that is to say an upper cylinder section 10 and a lower cone section 11 .
  • the cone section 11 adjoins the cylinder section 10 at the bottom and tapers as distance increases from the cylinder section 10 , that is to say downwards.
  • the cyclone separator 6 is integrated into the steam path 2 via a steam inlet 12 and a steam outlet 13 .
  • the steam inlet 12 is connected tangentially to the cyclone separator 6 or to its cylinder section 10 .
  • the desired swirled flow with regard to the longitudinal center axis 9 is already forced during inflow into the cyclone separator 6 .
  • Such a swirled flow creates strong centrifugal forces. Entrained particles are thrown against the wall of the cyclone separator 6 on account of their increased mass inertia, as a result of which the particles for one thing can be sharply braked and for another thing can also be broken up.
  • the braking of the particles leads to these being able to fall more easily downwards into the cone section 11 as a result of gravity force.
  • the breaking down of the particles has the advantage that particles, which despite the intense separating effect of the cyclone separator 6 leave the cyclone separator 6 again with the steam flow 8 , represent only a reduced risk of erosion in the steam turbine 3 for its blades.
  • the wall can be correspondingly designed.
  • the wall of the cyclone separator 6 can preferably be designed specifically in the cylinder section 10 so that particles, which move along the wall, cannot reach the steam outlet 13 .
  • the wall contains radially inwards projecting annular obstacles, which are not shown. It is optionally or alternatively also possible to electrostatically or electrodynamically charge the respective wall which also makes it possible to “catch” particles on the wall.
  • the cone section 11 serves as a collecting vessel for separated particles.
  • the separated particles can be extracted from the cone section 11 in accordance with the arrow 7 .
  • This is basically possible during the operation of the steam turbine installation 1 , since the steam flow operates with relatively high pressures.
  • By means of cyclic opening of a corresponding blow-off valve, which is not shown here, which controls an outlet opening 14 of the cone section 11 the deposited particles can be discharged. It is also possible to utilize downtimes of the steam turbine installation 1 for removing the separated particles from the cone section 11 .
  • the steam outlet 13 is connected tangentially to the cyclone separator 6 or to its cylinder section 10 .
  • This tangential connection which moreover is oriented in the rotational direction of the swirled flow, reduces the throughflow resistance or the pressure drop when exposing the cyclone separator 6 to throughflow. So that the entrained particles cannot flow through the cyclone separator 6 unhindered, the two tangentially arranged connections, that is to say steam inlet 12 and steam outlet 13 , are arranged in a manner in which they are at a distance from each other in the axial direction.
  • the arrangement which is shown here is preferred, in which the steam inlet 12 is arranged in a lower end region of the cylinder section 10 , whereas the steam outlet 13 is arranged in an upper end region of the cylinder section 10 .
  • the entrained particles would have to migrate upwards against gravity force, which as a rule is not the case.
  • the steam outlet 13 can be radially oriented with regard to the longitudinal center axis 9 . Furthermore, it is possible in principle to arrange the steam outlet 13 axially and centrally with regard to the longitudinal center axis 9 .
  • the last-named variant in this case has the greatest separating effect.
  • the inertial separator 6 is adapted to the particular operating conditions of the steam turbine installation 1 .
  • the inertial separator 6 is preferably designed so that it can operate at a steam pressure of between 250 bar and 350 bar.
  • the inertial separator 6 is designed for steam temperatures in the range of 620° C. to 720° C.
  • the dimensioning of the inertial separator 6 for example is selected so that as a result a steam quantity which is required for generating a steam turbine output of about 1000 MW can to a greater or lesser extent be cleaned of particles.
  • the inertial separator 6 is designed so that particles with a grain size of between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm can be separated out from the steam.
  • the material selection for the production of the inertial separator 6 is expediently to be selected so that it is suitable for separating out oxide particles such as magnetite or spinel. Furthermore, the inertial separator 6 should have a service life of at least 50 000 h, but preferably 100 000 h to 200 000 h.
  • the inertial separator 6 which is designed as a cyclone separator 6
  • the inertial separator 6 in another embodiment can have a globular or spherical housing 15 which can be particularly simply designed in an especially pressure-stable manner.
  • the steam inlet 12 can also be connected tangentially to the housing 15 in this case.
  • the connection of the steam inlet 12 to the housing 15 is preferably created in an equatorial plane 16 of the housing 15 .
  • the equatorial plane 16 extends essentially horizontally.
  • the steam outlet 13 in the case of the upright housing 15 , is preferably arranged at the top, in fact especially coaxially to the longitudinal center axis 9 of the housing 15 .
  • the longitudinal center axes of the globular housing 15 are characterized in that they all extend through the middle point of the housing 15 , which is not described in more detail.
  • the longitudinal center axis 9 which is associated with the steam outlet 13 extends essentially vertically.
  • the longitudinal center axis 9 which is associated with the steam outlet 13 is perpendicular to the previously mentioned equatorial plane 16 which is associated with the steam inlet 12 .
  • the outlet opening 14 in the case of the upright arrangement of the housing 15 , is preferably located at the lower end of the housing 15 .
  • the outlet opening 14 is arranged on the housing 15 coaxially to a longitudinal center axis 9 ′ of the housing 15 .
  • the longitudinal center axis 9 ′ which is associated with the outlet opening 14 is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal center axis 9 which is associated with the steam outlet 13 , i.e., the two longitudinal center axes 9 and 9 ′ coincide. Therefore, in the present case the longitudinal center axis 9 ′, which is associated with the outlet opening 14 , is also perpendicular to the equatorial plane 16 and extends essentially vertically.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
US12/240,015 2006-03-31 2008-09-29 Steam turbine installation and associated operating method Abandoned US20090031726A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH5312006 2006-03-31
CH00531/06 2006-03-31
PCT/EP2007/050730 WO2007113017A1 (de) 2006-03-31 2007-01-25 Dampfturbinenanlage und zugehöriges betriebsverfahren

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/050730 Continuation WO2007113017A1 (de) 2006-03-31 2007-01-25 Dampfturbinenanlage und zugehöriges betriebsverfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090031726A1 true US20090031726A1 (en) 2009-02-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/240,015 Abandoned US20090031726A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2008-09-29 Steam turbine installation and associated operating method

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090031726A1 (de)
CN (1) CN101415907A (de)
DE (1) DE112007000718A5 (de)
WO (1) WO2007113017A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018077505A1 (de) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Abwärmerückgewinnungssystem mit einem arbeitsfluidkreislauf und verfahren zum betreiben eines derartigen abwärmerückgewinnungssystems
US10920608B2 (en) * 2017-09-06 2021-02-16 Siemens Energy, Inc. Dead leg debris extractor for continuous on-line operation

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066912A (en) * 1961-03-28 1962-12-04 Gen Electric Turbine erosion protective device
US3396513A (en) * 1966-11-21 1968-08-13 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Steam and water separator
US3603087A (en) * 1969-06-27 1971-09-07 Cci Aerospace Corp Dual fluid rankine cycle powerplant
US4044830A (en) * 1973-07-02 1977-08-30 Huisen Allen T Van Multiple-completion geothermal energy production systems
US4352681A (en) * 1980-10-08 1982-10-05 General Electric Company Electrostatically augmented cyclone apparatus
US5111663A (en) * 1991-11-12 1992-05-12 Brandon Ronald E Turbine start-up particulate separator
US5983623A (en) * 1996-06-10 1999-11-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. System for cooling gas turbine blades
US6139019A (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-31 General Electric Company Seal assembly and rotary machine containing such seal
US6237341B1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2001-05-29 Kyushu Electric Power Company Boiler scale collecting device before steam turbine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6448157U (de) * 1987-09-17 1989-03-24

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066912A (en) * 1961-03-28 1962-12-04 Gen Electric Turbine erosion protective device
US3396513A (en) * 1966-11-21 1968-08-13 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Steam and water separator
US3603087A (en) * 1969-06-27 1971-09-07 Cci Aerospace Corp Dual fluid rankine cycle powerplant
US4044830A (en) * 1973-07-02 1977-08-30 Huisen Allen T Van Multiple-completion geothermal energy production systems
US4352681A (en) * 1980-10-08 1982-10-05 General Electric Company Electrostatically augmented cyclone apparatus
US5111663A (en) * 1991-11-12 1992-05-12 Brandon Ronald E Turbine start-up particulate separator
US5983623A (en) * 1996-06-10 1999-11-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. System for cooling gas turbine blades
US6237341B1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2001-05-29 Kyushu Electric Power Company Boiler scale collecting device before steam turbine
US6139019A (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-31 General Electric Company Seal assembly and rotary machine containing such seal

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018077505A1 (de) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Abwärmerückgewinnungssystem mit einem arbeitsfluidkreislauf und verfahren zum betreiben eines derartigen abwärmerückgewinnungssystems
CN109891059A (zh) * 2016-10-31 2019-06-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 具有工作流体回路的余热回收系统和用于运行这种余热回收系统的方法
US10920608B2 (en) * 2017-09-06 2021-02-16 Siemens Energy, Inc. Dead leg debris extractor for continuous on-line operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112007000718A5 (de) 2009-02-26
CN101415907A (zh) 2009-04-22
WO2007113017A1 (de) 2007-10-11

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AS Assignment

Owner name: ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD, SWITZERLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GREIM, RALF;RICE, TIMOTHY STEPHEN;REEL/FRAME:021705/0988;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080930 TO 20081003

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION

AS Assignment

Owner name: OPEN INVENTION NETWORK, LLC, NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VIRGINIA TECH INTELLECTUAL PROPERTIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:029413/0337

Effective date: 20120723