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  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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  • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
  • A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• the transmission of stimuli takes place by the interaction of a neurotransmitter, which is sent out by a neuron, with a neuroreceptor.
• Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and plays a unique role in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) functions.
• the glutamate-dependent stimulus receptors are divided into two main groups.
• the first main group namely the ionotropic receptors, forms ligand-controlled ion channels.
• the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) belong to the second main group and, furthermore, belong to the family of G-protein coupled receptors.
• these eight receptors can be sub-divided into three sub-groups: mGluR1 and mGluR5 belong to group I, mGluR2 and mGluR3 belong to group II and mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7 and mGluR8 belong to group III.
• Ligands of metabotropic glutamate receptors belonging to the first group can be used for the treatment or prevention of acute and/or chronic neurological disorders such as psychosis, epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorders and memory deficits, as well as chronic and acute pain.
• acute and/or chronic neurological disorders such as psychosis, epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorders and memory deficits, as well as chronic and acute pain.
• treatable indications in this connection are restricted brain function caused by bypass operations or transplants, poor blood supply to the brain, spinal cord injuries, head injuries, hypoxia caused by pregnancy, cardiac arrest and hypoglycaemia.
• Further treatable indications are ischemia, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia caused by AIDS, eye injuries, retinopathy, idiopathic parkinsonism or parkinsonism caused by medicaments as well as conditions which lead to glutamate-deficiency functions, such as e.g. muscle spasms, convulsions, migraine, urinary incontinence, nicotine addiction, opiate addiction, anxiety, vomiting, dyskinesia and depressions.
• ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Disorders mediated full or in part by mGluR5 are for example acute, traumatic and chronic degenerative processes of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis, psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and anxiety, depression, pain and drug dependency ( Expert Opin. Ther. Patents (2002), 12, (12)).
• Selective mGluR5 antagonists are especially useful for the treatment of anxiety and pain.
• the invention provides diazole derivatives of formula I wherein
• compositions containing one or more compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and methods for manufacturing such compositions.
• compounds of formula I are metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists.
• Compounds of formula I are distinguished by having valuable therapeutic properties. They can be used in the treatment or prevention of mGluR5 receptor mediated disorders.
• the invention also provides a method for the treatment of mGluR5 receptor mediated disorders.
• the invention provides methods for the treatment of anxiety and chronic or acute pain, protection against liver damage or failure whether drug or disease induced.
• the invention further provides methods for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and schizophrenia.
• lower alkyl used in the present description denotes straight-chain or branched saturated hydrocarbon residues with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl and the like.
• lower alkoxy denotes a lower alkyl residue in the sense of the foregoing definition bound via an oxygen atom.
• lower alkoxy residues include methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy and the like.
• halogen denotes fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
• lower haloalkoxy denotes lower alkoxy group as defined above which is substituted by one or more halogen.
• lower haloalkoxy include but are not limited to methoxy or ethoxy, substituted by one or more Cl, F, Br or I atom(s) as well as those groups specifically illustrated by the examples herein below.
• Preferred lower haloalkoxy are difluoro- or trifluoro-methoxy or ethoxy.
• lower haloalkyl denotes a lower alkyl group as defined above which is substituted by one or more halogen.
• lower haloalkyl include but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl or n-hexyl substituted by one or more Cl, F, Br or I atom(s) as well as those groups specifically illustrated by the examples herein below.
• Preferred lower haloalkyl are difluoro- or trifluoro-methyl or ethyl.
• Aryl represents an aromatic carbocyclic group consisting of one individual ring, or one or more fused rings in which at least one ring is aromatic in nature. Preferred aryl group is phenyl.
• heteroaryl refers to an aromatic 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur. Preferred are those heteroaryl groups selected from nitrogen. Examples of such heteroaryl groups are pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyridazinyl.
• cycloalkyl denotes a saturated carbocyclic group, containing 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably 3-6 carbon atoms.
• pharmaceutically acceptable such as pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, etc. means pharmacologically acceptable and substantially non-toxic to the subject to which the particular compound is administered.
• salts refers to any salt derived from an inorganic or organic acid or base.
• Such salts include: acid addition salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic, camphorsulfonic acid, citric acid, ethanesulfonic acid, fumaric acid, glucoheptonic acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxynaphtoic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, lactic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, muconic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, propionic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or trimethylacetic acid.
• terapéuticaally effective amount means an amount that is effective to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate symptoms of disease or prolong the survival of the subject being treated.
• Preferred compounds of formula I are those compounds of formulae Ia and Ib: wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined herein above.
• preferred compounds are those where R 1 is halogen, alternatively preferred compounds are those where R 1 is chloro or cyano.
• compounds wherein R 3 is selected from phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyridazinyl which may be substituted by one or more chloro, fluoro, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, cyano, lower haloalkyl, lower haloalkoxy or cycloalkyl are preferred.
• Preferred compounds are those compounds of formulae Ia and Ib wherein
• R 3 is unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl, wherein the substitution is selected from chloro, fluoro, CF 3 , and lower alkyl, for example the following compounds:
• R 3 is aryl, substituted by one, two, or threechloro, fluoro, CF 3 , lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, CF 3 O, and 1-morpholinyl, for example the following compounds:
• the compounds of formula Ia of the invention can be prepared according to various processes.
• the process of the invention comprises the following steps of reacting a compound of formula II with a compound of formula III in order to obtain the compound of formula Ia; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined above and X is halogen, and if desired, converting the compounds obtained into pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts. This process is described in more detail in scheme 1 and general procedure 1.
• the compounds of formula Ia can be prepared according to the following process of the invention which comprises the step of reacting a compound of formula IV with a compound of formula V in order to obtain the compound of formula Ia; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined above and X is halogen, and if desired, converting the compounds obtained into pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts. This process is described in more detail in scheme 2 and general procedure 2.
• the compounds of formula Ia can be prepared according to the following process of the invention which comprises the step of reacting a compound of formula Ic with a compound of formula VI R 4 -X (VI) in order to obtain the compound of formula Ia; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined above and X is halogen, and if desired, converting the compounds obtained into pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
• This process is described in more detail in scheme 3 and general procedure 3.
• the compounds of formula Ib can be prepared according to the following process of the invention which comprises the step of reacting a compound of formula XXVI with a compound of formula XXVII in order to obtain a compound of formula XXVIII and converting the compound of formula XXVIII into the compound of formula Ib; wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined above, and if desired, converting the compounds obtained into pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
• This process is described in more detail in scheme 4 and general procedure 4.
• the conversion of the compound of formula XXVIII into the compound of formula Ib is described in scheme 4 with steps 8 and 9.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined hereinabove.
• Step 1 Compound of Formula XI
• Step 2 Compound of Formula XII
• the compound of formula XI is dissolved in the appropriate solvent (e.g. dry THF) and cooled.
• the appropriate reducing agent e.g. Lithium aluminum hydride.
• the compound of formula XII is dissolved the appropriate solvent (e.g. dichloromethane) and the appropriate oxidizing agent is added (e.g. Mangan (IV)oxid).
• appropriate solvent e.g. dichloromethane
• oxidizing agent e.g. Mangan (IV)oxid
• the compound XIII is reacted with (1-Diazo-2-oxo-propyl)-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester.
• the crude product is isolated and purified by conventional methods.
• the compound of formula II is reacted with the compound of formula III with the appropriate catalysts (e.g. Triphenylphosphine, bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II)chloride and Copper(I)iodide).
• the appropriate catalysts e.g. Triphenylphosphine, bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II)chloride and Copper(I)iodide.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined hereinabove.
• Step 1 Compound of Formula XVI
• the compound of formula XIV is reacted with a compound of formula XV (Z is preferably B(OH) 2 ) with the appropriate catalyst (e.g. [Cu(OH)TMEDA] 2 Cl 2 (1.13 g, 2 mmol)).
• Z is preferably B(OH) 2
• the appropriate catalyst e.g. [Cu(OH)TMEDA] 2 Cl 2 (1.13 g, 2 mmol)
• the compound of formula XVI is reacted with the appropriate halogen X (e.g. Iodine in Iodic acid, acetic acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid in water with carbon tetrachloride) and stirred over night.
• halogen X e.g. Iodine in Iodic acid, acetic acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid in water with carbon tetrachloride
• the compound of formula XVII is reacted with the compound of formula VI wherein X is halogen (e.g. iodomethane).
• X is halogen (e.g. iodomethane).
• the crude product is purified by conventional methods.
• Solution 1 the compound of formula IV, which preparation is disclosed herein in the part synthesis of intermediates (see Example C) and the compound of formula V are mixed under inert gas (e.g. argon).
• inert gas e.g. argon
• Solution 2 The appropriate catalyst mixture is prepared under inert gas (e.g. triphenylphosphine, bis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(II)chloride, copper(I)iodide and triethyl amine in THF).
• inert gas e.g. triphenylphosphine, bis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(II)chloride, copper(I)iodide and triethyl amine in THF).
• Solutions 1 and 2 are mixed under heating (e.g. 40° C.) and stirred.
• the crude product is purified by conventional methods.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined hereinabove.
• the compound of formula Ic is reacted with the compound of formula VI wherein X is halogen (e.g. iodomethane).
• X is halogen (e.g. iodomethane).
• the crude product is purified by conventional methods.
• the compounds of formula Ic can be prepared as described in WO 2004/108701.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined hereinabove.
• Step 1 Compound of Formula XX
• Step 2 Compound of Formula XXI
• a solution of the compound of formula XXI (e.g. in ethanol) is added to a solution of the compound of formula XII.
• the compound of formula XXIII is obtained by conventional work up.
• Step 7 Compound of Formula XXVIII
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined hereinabove.
• Step 1 Compound of Formula XI
• Step 2 Compound of Formula XXXII
• a solution of sodium-bis(trimethylsilyl)amide e.g. in THF
• the compound of formula XXVII e.g. in dry THF
• a solution of the compound of formula XI e.g. in dry THF
• the product of formula XXXII is obtained by conventional work up.
• Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of formulae I, Ia and Ib can be manufactured readily according to methods known per se and taking into consideration the nature of the compound to be converted into a salt.
• Inorganic or organic acids such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid or citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulphonic acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid and the like are suitable for the formation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of basic compounds of formula I.
• Compounds which contain the alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, for example sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium or the like, basic amines or basic amino acids are suitable for the formation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of acidic compounds.
• the compounds of formulae I, Ia and Ib and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are, as already mentioned above, metabotropic-glutamate receptor antagonists and can be used for the treatment or prevention of mGluR5 receptor mediated disorders, such as acute and/or chronic neurological disorders, cognitive disorders and memory deficits, as well as acute and chronic pain.
• Treatable neurological disorders are for instance epilepsy, schizophrenia, anxiety, acute, traumatic or chronic degenerative processes of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, Huntington's chorea, ALS, multiple sclerosis, dementia caused by AIDS, eye injuries, retinopathy, idiopathic parkinsonism or parkinsonism caused by medicaments as well as conditions which lead to glutamate-deficient functions, such as e.g.
• treatable indications are restricted brain function caused by bypass operations or transplants, poor blood supply to the brain, spinal cord injuries, head injuries, hypoxia caused by pregnancy, cardiac arrest and hypoglycaemia.
• treatable indications are protection against liver damage, failure whether drug or disease induced, urinary incontinence, obesity, Fragile-X or Autism.
• mGlu5 receptor antagonists protect against liver damage/failure whether drug or disease induced.
• Treatable kinds of pain include inflammatory pain such as arthritis and rheumatoid disease, vasculitis, neuropathic pain such as trigeminal or herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy pain, causalgia, hyperalgesia, severe chronic pain, post-operative pain and pain associated with various conditions like cancer, angina, renal or billiay colic, menstruation, migraine and gout.
• cDNA encoding human mGlu 5a receptor was transiently transfected into EBNA cells using a procedure described by Schlaeger and Christensen [Cytotechnology 15:1-13 (1998)].
• Cell membrane homogenates were stored at ⁇ 80° C. until the day of assay where upon they were thawed and resuspended and polytronised in 15 mM Tris-HCl, 120 mM NaCl, 100 mM KCl, 25 mM CaCl 2 , 25 mM MgCl 2 binding buffer at pH 7.4 to a final assay concentration of 20 ⁇ g protein/well.
• membranes were filtered onto unifilter (96-well white microplate with bonded GF/C filter preincubated 1 h in 0.1% PEI in wash buffer, Packard Bio-Science, Meriden, Conn.) with a Filtermate 96 harvester (Packard BioScience) and washed 3 times with cold 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 buffer. Nonspecific binding was measured in the presence of 10 ⁇ M MPEP. The radioactivity on the filter was counted (3 min) on a Packard Top-count microplate scintillation counter with quenching correction after addition of 45 ⁇ l of microscint 40 (Canberra Packard S.A., Zürich, Switzerland) and shaking for 20 min.
• [Ca 2+ ]i measurements were performed as described previously by Porter et al. [Br. J. Pharmacol. 128:13-20 (1999)] on recombinant human mGlu 5a receptors in HEK-293 cells.
• the cells were dye loaded using Fluo 4-AM (obtainable by FLUKA, 0.2 ⁇ M final concentration).
• [Ca 2+ ]i measurements were performed using a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR, Molecular Devices Corporation, La Jolla, Calif., USA).
• Antagonist evaluation was performed following a 5 min preincubation with the test compounds followed by the addition of a submaximal addition of agonist.
• the inhibition (antagonists) curves were fitted with a four parameter logistic equation giving IC 50 , and Hill coefficient using iterative non linear curve fitting software (Xcel fit).
• Ki values of the compounds tested are given.
• L is the concentration of radioligand used in the binding experiment and the K d value of the radioligand is empirically determined for each batch of membranes prepared.
• the compounds of the present invention are mGluR 5a receptor antagonists.
• the activities of compounds of formulae I, Ia and Ib as measured in the assay described above and as presented in the table hereafter are in the range of K i ⁇ 250 nM.
• the present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, form example, compounds of formulae I, Ia, Ib and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
• Such pharmaceutical compositions can be in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragees, hard and soft gelatine capsules, solutions, emulsions or suspensions.
• the pharmaceutical compositions also can be in the form of suppositories, or injectable solutions.
• compositions of the invention in addition to one or more compounds of the invention, contain a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
• suitable pharmaceutically acceptable exipients include pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic carriers. Lactose, corn starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearic acid or its salts and the like can be used, for example, as such as carriers for tablets, coated tablets, dragees and hard gelatine capsules.
• Suitable carriers for soft gelatine capsules are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols and the like; depending on the nature of the active substance no carriers are, however, usually required in the case of soft gelatine capsules.
• Suitable carriers for the production of solutions and syrups are, for example, water, polyols, sucrose, invert sugar, glucose and the like.
• Adjuvants such as alcohols, polyols, glycerol, vegetable oils and the like, can be used for aqueous injection solutions of water-soluble salts of compounds of formula I, but as a rule are not necessary.
• Suitable carriers for suppositories are, for example, natural or hardened oils, waxes, fats, semi-liquid or liquid polyols and the like.
• compositions can contain preservatives, solubilizers, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, flavorants, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, masking agents or antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.
• the present invention also provides a method for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions. Such process comprises bringing one or more compounds of formula I and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and, if desired, one or more other therapeutically valuable substances into a galenical dosage form together with one or more therapeutically inert carriers.
• the compounds and compositions of the present invention can be administered in a conventional manner, for example, orally, rectally, or parenterally.
• the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention can be administered orally, for example, in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragees, hard and soft gelatine capsules, solutions, emulsions, or suspensions.
• the pharmaceutical compositions also can be administered rectally, for example, in the form of suppositories, or parenterally, for example, in the form of injectable solutions.
• the present invention also provides methods of treating diseases that are mediated by mGluR. Such methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention, for example, a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a patient in need of such treatment.
• a disease selected from the group consisting of anxiety, chronic and acute pain, protection against liver damage, urinary incontinence, obesity, Fragile-X and autism which comprises administering to an individual a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
• the invention provides a method for the treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, ischemia, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia caused by AIDs, and Parkinson's disease comprising administering to an individual a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
• a disease selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, ischemia, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia caused by AIDs, and Parkinson's disease comprising administering to an individual a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
• the dosages at which the compound of the invention is administered can vary within wide limits and will, of course, be fitted to the individual requirements in each particular case.
• the effective dosage for oral or parenteral administration is between 0.01-20 mg/kg/day, with a dosage of 0.1-10 mg/kg/day being preferred for all of the indications described.
• the title compound can be prepared according to general procedure 1 or general procedure 3.
• the preparation of the title compound according to general procedure 3 is described hereafter in example 1 and the preparation of the title compound according to general procedure 1 is described in example 3.
• This compound was prepared according to the general procedure 1 described hereinabove.
• Step 1 1-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
• Diazo-2-oxo-propyl)-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester (0.37 g, 2 mmol) was dissolved in 20 mL methanol. Potassium carbonate (0.38 g, 3 mmol) was added.
• a solution of 1-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde (0.32 g, 1 mmol) in 5 ml methanol was added drop wise at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was evaporated. The residue was taken up in 15 ml water and extracted three times with ethyl acetate (15 ml each).
• Step 5 2-Chloro-4-[1-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylethynyl]-pyridine
• 2-Chloro-4-iodo-pyridine (0.21 g, 1 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of dry THF and 0.29 mL triethyl amine. This mixture was evacuated and backfilled with argon several times to remove oxygen from the solution. Triphenylphosphine (5 mg, 0.03 eq) and bis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(II)chloride (24 mg, 0.05 eq) were added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 min.
• This compound was prepared according to the general procedure 2 as described hereinabove.
• Step 2 4,5-Diiodo-2-methyl-1-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-1H-imidazole
• Step 4 2-Chloro-4-[2,5-dimethyl-1-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-1H-imidazol-4-ylethynyl]-pyridine
• Solution 1 2-Chloro-4-trimethylsilanylethynyl-pyridine (144 mg, 0.69 mmol) (Example B) and 4-Iodo-2,5-dimethyl-1-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-1H-imidazole (180 mg, 0.49 mmol) were dissolved in 3 ml dry THF. This mixture was evacuated and backfilled with argon several times to remove oxygen from the solution.
• Triphenylphosphine (4 mg, ⁇ 0.1 mmol), bis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(II)chloride (21 mg, ⁇ 0.1 mmol), copper(I)iodide (3 mg, ⁇ 0.1 mmol) and triethyl amine (0.1 ml, 0.71 mmol) were dissolved in 4 ml dry THF. This mixture was also evacuated and backfilled with argon several times to remove oxygen from the solution.
• Solution 2 was heated to 40° C., and solution 1 was added dropwise.
• the reaction mixture was heated to 60° C. and tetrabutylammonium fluoride solution (1M in THF, 0.7 ml, 0.7 mmol) was added drop wise.
• the reaction was then stirred 2 hrs at 60° C.
• the residue was taken up in 15 ml water and extracted two times with ethyl acetate (15 ml each).
• the combined organic extracts were dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated.
• the crude product was purified by chromatography on silica gel (heptane/ethyl acetate 1:1) and recrystallized from little ethyl acetate and caclohexane.
• Step 2 2-[4-(2-Chloro-pyridin-4-ylethynyl)-2,5-dimethyl-imidazol-1-yl]-5-methyl-pyridine
• Step 3 5-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
• Step 4 5-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-4-iodo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
• Step 5 5-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
• the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. and 20 ml of water were added dropwise.
• the pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 7-8 with 1N Sodium hydroxide solution.
• the mixture was worked up with Methylene chloride and water.
• the combined organic extracts were dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated.
• the crude product was purified by chromatography on silica gel (Heptane/Ethyl acetate 7:3).
• Step 7 2-(2-Chloro-pyridin-4-yl)-1-[5-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-ethanone
• Step 8 3-Chloro-2-(2-chloro-pyridin-4-yl)-3-[5-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-propenal
• Step 9 2-Chloro-4-[5-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ylethynyl]-pyridine
• This compound was prepared according to the general procedure 3 described hereinabove.
• Step 1 5-(2-Chloro-pyridin-4-ylethynyl)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde
• Step 2 2-Chloro-4-[5-difluoromethyl-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylethynyl]-pyridine
• This compound was prepared according to the general procedure 5 described hereinabove.
• Step 1 1-(4-Methoxy-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
• Step 2 2-(2-Chloro-pyridin-4-yl)-1-[1-(4-methoxy-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl]-ethanone
• Step 3 3-Chloro-2-(2-chloro-pyridin-4-yl)-3-[1-(4-methoxy-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl]-propenal
• Step 4 2-Chloro-4-[1-(4-methoxy-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylethynyl]-pyridine
• R 2 and R 4 are both methyl. Nevertheless, it is understood that the person skilled in the art would be able to prepare other compounds of formula X, wherein R 2 and R 4 are other than methyl using the method of the following example and commercially available starting materials:
• Step 1 4-[1-Dimethylamino-eth-(Z)-ylidene]-2-methyl-4H-oxazol-5-one
• N-Acetylglycine (10.0 g, 85.4 mmol) and Phosphoroxychloride (19.6 ml, 213.5 mmol) were mixed and cooled to 5° C.
• N′,N-Dimethylacetamide (19.7 ml, 213.5 mmol) was added drop-wise slowly during 30 min at 5-10° C. (exothermic!).
• the reaction mixture was stirred at 45° C. for 2 hrs and then cooled to room temperature.
• Dichloromethane (35 ml) was added, and the mixture poured into 200 ml ice-water. The pH was adjusted to pH 8 with ammonium hydroxide, and the mixture was extracted twice with 50 ml dichloromethane.
• Step 2 (Z)-2-Acetylamino-3-dimethylamino-but-2-enoic acid ethyl ester
• the title compound was prepared from 2,6-difluorophenol in accordance with the literature reference of Qiu, Stevenson, O'Beirne and Silverman, J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 329-332.
• the title compound can be prepared in accordance with patent WO 2004007444.
• the title compound can be prepared in accordance with patent WO 9613492.
• Tablets of the following composition are produced in a conventional manner: mg/Tablet Active ingredient 100 Powdered. lactose 95 White corn starch 35 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 8 Na carboxymethylstarch 10 Magnesium stearate 2 Tablet weight 250
• Tablets of the following composition are produced in a conventional manner: mg/Tablet Active ingredient 200 Powdered. lactose 100 White corn starch 64 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 12 Na carboxymethylstarch 20 Magnesium stearate 4 Tablet weight 400
• Capsules of the following composition are produced: mg/Capsule Active ingredient 50 Crystalline, lactose 60 Microcrystalline cellulose 34 Talc 5 Magnesium stearate 1 Capsule fill weight 150
• the active ingredient having a suitable particle size, the crystalline lactose and the microcrystalline cellulose are homogeneously mixed with one another, sieved and thereafter talc and magnesium stearate are admixed.
• the final mixture is filled into hard gelatine capsules of suitable size.

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