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US20040123765A1 - Initiator and gas generator - Google Patents

Initiator and gas generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040123765A1
US20040123765A1 US10/681,189 US68118903A US2004123765A1 US 20040123765 A1 US20040123765 A1 US 20040123765A1 US 68118903 A US68118903 A US 68118903A US 2004123765 A1 US2004123765 A1 US 2004123765A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
agent
reaction
initiator
header
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/681,189
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English (en)
Inventor
Takashi Furusawa
Tsuneo Chikaraishi
Junya Amano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Takata Corp
Original Assignee
Takata Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Takata Corp filed Critical Takata Corp
Assigned to TAKATA CORPORATION reassignment TAKATA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AMANO, JUNYA, CHIKARAISHI, TSUNEO, FURUSAWA, TAKASHI
Publication of US20040123765A1 publication Critical patent/US20040123765A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/124—Bridge initiators characterised by the configuration or material of the bridge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an initiator suitable for being built in a gas generator for an airbag system or a seatbelt pretensioner, or the like, and the gas generator having the initiator.
  • An airbag system provided on a high-speed mobile body such as a vehicle is constructed to deploy a bag-shaped airbag by a gas generator, which is called an inflator.
  • the gas generator includes a gas generating agent and an initiator for initiating a gas generating reaction of the gas generating agent.
  • the initiator includes a reaction agent, and a filament (bridge wire) as a resistance heat generating element for initiating a reaction of the reaction agent (for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,404,263) (incorporated by reference).
  • An initiator 10 has a substantially cup-shaped casing 12 opening at the rear (the bottom in FIG. 8).
  • a reaction agent 14 is stored in the casing 12 .
  • the rear portion of the casing 12 is closed by an insulating material 16 formed of sintered glass or the like. Extremities of a pair of electrodes 18 , 20 passing through the insulating material 16 are exposed in the casing 12 .
  • a filament 22 extends between the extremities of the electrodes 18 , 20 .
  • the both ends of the filament 22 are welded to the extremity surfaces of the respective electrodes 18 , 20 .
  • the filament 22 is in contact with the reaction agent 14 in the casing 12 .
  • the electrodes 18 , 20 , and the casing 12 are disposed away from each other so as not to be brought into electrical contact.
  • one of the electrodes 18 is connected to a positive pole of a battery 26 of a motor vehicle via a control circuit 24 having a voltage boosting circuit or the like, and the other electrode 20 is connected to a vehicle body of the motor vehicle (earth connection).
  • the negative pole of the battery 26 is connected to the vehicle body of the motor vehicle.
  • a switch element in the control circuit 24 is turned ON, and a voltage is applied on the filament 22 from the battery 26 . Accordingly, the filament 22 generates heat, and the reaction agent 14 is ignited and initiates a reaction. The reaction of the reaction agent 14 generates high pressure gas or heat, whereby the gas generating agent in the gas generator causes a gas generating reaction.
  • the reaction agent used here includes a first reaction agent that is a mixture of lead styphnate and aluminum powder disposed so as to surround the filament 22 , and a second reaction agent formed of BKNO 3 or blasting powder disposed so as to surround the first reaction agent.
  • the first reaction agent quickly reacts exothermally and the second reaction agent starts a reaction upon reception of heat from the first reaction agent, thereby generating a high-pressure and high-temperature gas and minute particles.
  • a gas generator 30 includes a container including an outer shell having an upper housing 32 and a lower housing 34 , and a cylindrical partitioning member 36 disposed in the outer shell. One end of the partitioning member 36 passes through an opening on the bottom of the lower housing 34 and projects downward. The inner peripheral surface of the opening and the outer peripheral surface of the partitioning member 36 are welded by laser beam welding or the like.
  • An igniting agent (booster propellant) 40 is stored inside the partitioning member 36
  • a gas generating agent (main propellant) 42 is stored outer circumferentially of the partitioning member 36 .
  • the partitioning member 36 is provided with the initiator 10 at the above-described end thereof.
  • gas is injected from an opening 44 of the partitioning member 36 to ignite the gas generating agent 42 , whereby a large amount of gas is quickly generated and is injected through a filter 46 formed of a mesh or the like and through an opening 48 out of the gas generator 30 , so that the airbag is deployed.
  • FIG. 9 shows only an example of the gas generator, and various gas generators of the shape other than the one shown in the drawing are used as well.
  • reaction agent 14 is sensitive so as to be ignited even with a small amount of energy generated by the filament 22 , and handling of such sensitive reaction agent 14 requires a special care.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an initiator which does not use a resistance heat generating element such as a filament or the like, and is able to use a reaction agent which is easy to manufacture and is safe in the handling thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator provided with the initiator.
  • An initiator of the present invention includes a casing, a reaction agent disposed in the casing, an electrode, and a plasma generating agent for generating a plasma by being energized and initiating a reaction of the reaction agent.
  • the initiator of the present invention may include a casing, an electrode, and a mixture of a reaction agent and a plasma generating agent disposed in the casing are provided, and may be characterized in that the plasma generating agent generates a plasma in response to energization of the electrode and thus a reaction of the reaction agent is initiated.
  • the plasma generating agent when a voltage is applied to the electrode, the plasma generating agent is turned to a high-temperature plasma state. Heat generated by the plasma generating agent causes the reaction agent to initiate a reaction, and high-pressure gas or heat generated by the reaction ignites the gas generating agent in the gas generator. Since this initiator is provided with the plasma generating agent instead of providing a filament, it may easily be manufactured and may be manufactured at a high yield ratio at a low cost without variations in quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an initiator according to the related art.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a construction of a gas generator.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 are cross-sectional views of an initiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a casing 56 is constructed of a cup 52 and a header 54 inserted through an entrance of the cup 52 , and a reaction agent 58 is filled in the casing 56 .
  • the cup 52 is a circular container formed of a SUS 304 or the like.
  • the header 54 is a substantially disk-shaped member formed of SUS 304 or the like, and an outer peripheral surface thereof is secured to an inner peripheral surface of the cup 52 by welding or the like.
  • the header 54 is provided with a through hole 60 extending in the direction of the thickness of the header at the center thereof. Electrode pins 62 , 64 are inserted into the hole 60 at a distance from each other, and these pins 62 , 64 are fixed to the header 54 by an insulative fixing material 66 such as glass or the like so as to keep away from the header 54 . Extremity surfaces of the pins 62 , 64 are flush with an extremity surface of the header 54 .
  • a thin plate shaped molding of a plasma generating agent 72 is disposed at the extremity surface (the upper end surface in the drawing) of the header 54 on the inner side of the cup.
  • the plasma generating agent 72 is formed, for example, of water glass (Na 2 O/SiO 2 , K 2 O/SiO 2 ), KClO 3 , KClO 4 , KCl and the like, and powder, such as KClO 3 , KClO 4 , KCl and the like, is formed into a thin plate shape by being pressed. The extremities of the pins 62 , 64 are in contact with the plasma generating agent 72 .
  • the outer surface of the cup 52 is covered with a resin cover 68 formed of nylon, polypropylene or the like.
  • the rear side of the cup 52 and the rear end surface of the header 54 are covered with a resin cover 70 formed of nylon, polybutylene terephtalate, or the like.
  • the pins 62 , 64 projects outward through the resin cover 70 .
  • the reaction agent 58 may be formed only of a first reaction agent (igniting agent), and may be formed of a mixture of the first reaction agent and a second reaction agent (particles of an oxidizing agent).
  • a first reaction agent ignition agent
  • a second reaction agent particles of an oxidizing agent
  • the kind of the first reaction agent is not specifically limited, a single metal, such as Mg, Zr, Ti, W, B, Si, C, Be, Li, Al, V, CaC 2 , Ca, Ce, La or the like, or an alloy thereof, or a compound thereof are used.
  • the kind of the second reaction agent is not specifically limited, KClO 4 , KClO 3 , KIO 4 , NH 4 ClO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 , KNO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , Sr (NO 3 ) 2 , CuO, NiO, and the like are used.
  • the initiator 50 when a voltage is applied between the pins 62 , 64 , a high-temperature plasma is generated from the plasma generating agent 72 provided between these two pins 62 , 64 . Then, the reaction agent 58 initiates a reaction by heat from the plasma, and then gas containing a high pressure and high-temperature minute particles is generated.
  • the reaction agent 58 contains particles of an oxidizing agent, the metallic particles are quickly oxidized and thus generate heat due to oxidizing action of the particles of the oxidizing agent, thereby promoting the reaction.
  • a filament (wire bridge) is not used, and thus a lot of trouble during manufacturing may be significantly reduced.
  • a high-temperature plasma is stably generated by the plasma generating agent 72 . Therefore, a reaction agent that is less sensitive than the reaction agent (igniting agent) which is used when using the filament may be used, whereby the handling of the reaction agent is facilitated.
  • material of a header 54 A is changed into plastic (synthetic resin).
  • a casing 56 A is constructed of a metallic cup 52 A and the plastic header 54 A inserted through the entrance of the cup 52 A.
  • the electrode pins 62 , 64 are inserted into the header 54 A.
  • An extremity surface of the header 54 A is flush with the extremity surfaces of the pins 62 , 64 .
  • the plasma generating agent 72 is disposed so as to be superimposed on the extremity surface of the header 54 .
  • the cup 52 A is covered by a resin cover, not shown.
  • Other constructions are the same as the initiator 50 shown in FIG. 1, and the same parts are represented by the same reference numerals.
  • this initiator 50 A when the portion between the pins 62 , 64 is energized, a high-temperature plasma is generated from the plasma generating agent 72 , and the reaction agent 58 initiates a reaction by heat therefrom.
  • An initiator 50 B shown in FIG. 3 includes a plasma generating agent formed by mixing a plasma generating agent and a reaction agent.
  • a mixture 72 B is fixed to the extremities of the pins 62 , 64 in a ball shape or in a small block shape by using a binder such as water glass or the like.
  • the extremities of the electrode pins 62 , 64 projects from the extremity surface of the header 54 A, and a mixture 72 B is attached to the pins 62 , 64 so as to cover the extremities thereof.
  • the mixture 72 B is attached to the extremities of the pins 62 , 64 so as to straddle therebetween.
  • Other constructions are the same as the initiator 50 A in FIG. 2, and the same parts are represented by the same reference numerals.
  • the initiator 50 B thus constructed, when a voltage is applied between the pins 62 , 64 , a high-temperature plasma is generated from the plasma generating agent contained in the mixture 72 B provided between the two pins 62 , 64 . Then, the reaction agent contained in the mixture 72 B initiates a reaction by heat from the high-temperature plasma, and then the reaction agent 58 provided outside the mixture 72 B initiates a reaction by reaction heat therefrom.
  • FIG. 4 shows an initiator 50 C of a single-pin structure.
  • a header 54 C is constructed of a column portion 54 a , and a flange portion 54 b projecting from the lower peripheral surface of the column portion 54 a .
  • a casing 56 C is constructed of the header 54 C and a cup 52 C fitted on the column potion 54 a of the header 54 C.
  • the header 54 C and the cup 52 C are both formed of metal.
  • the header 54 C is provided with a hole 60 C extending in the direction of thickness of the header at the center thereof.
  • a single electrode pin 62 C is inserted into the hole 60 C, and fixed to the head 54 C by an insulative fixing material 66 such as glass or the like.
  • An extremity of the pin 62 C is flush with an extremity of the header 54 C, and the plasma generating agent 72 is disposed on the extremity surface of the header 54 C.
  • the flange portion 54 b of the header 54 C is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 54 c.
  • the header 54 C serves as a positive electrode.
  • a voltage is applied between the header 54 C and the pin 62 C, a high-temperature plasma is generated from the plasma generating agent 72 , and the reaction agent 58 initiates a reaction by the heat therefrom.
  • a casing 56 D is constructed of a metallic cup 52 D and a metallic header 54 D inserted through the entrance of the cup 52 D.
  • An outer peripheral surface of an insulative sleeve 80 formed of an insulating material abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the cup 52 D.
  • One end (upper end in the drawing) of the insulative sleeve 80 is in contact with a ceiling surface of the cup 52 D, and the other end (lower end) thereof is fitted into a recess 54 a curved around the outer peripheral surface of the header 54 D.
  • a plate shaped molding of a mixture 58 D of MgPP (magnesium parchlorate (reaction agent)) and a plasma generating agent is disposed at the ceiling portion of the inner surface of the cup 52 D.
  • the mixture is formed into a plate shape by using a binder or by being pressed.
  • the mixture 58 D is held by the ceiling surface of the cup 52 D by using the binder or by being pressed.
  • a gap 82 formed between the mixture 58 D and the header 54 D is filled with air or oxygen in a tightly sealed manner.
  • the header 54 D is formed with a through hole 60 D in the direction of the thickness of the header at the center thereof.
  • An electrode pin 62 D is inserted into the hole 60 D, and is fixed to the header 54 D by an insulative fixing material 66 D such as glass or the like.
  • An extremity of the pin 62 D is pointed, and the pointed extremity is disposed away from the mixture 58 D so as to be brought into contact therewith.
  • An electrode pin 64 D is fixed to the rear surface of the header 54 D by welding or the like.
  • the outer surface of the cup 52 D is covered with a resin cover, and the rear side of the cup 52 D and the rear end surface of the header 54 D are covered by a resin cover (similar to the resin cover 70 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2).
  • the pins 62 D, 64 D project through the resin cover outward.
  • an extremity of a pin 62 E is covered by a mixture 88 .
  • the mixture 88 is fixed to the extremity of the pin 62 E by soaking the extremity of the pin 62 E in a slurry mixture of MgPP and a plasma generating agent, then taking out the pin 62 E therefrom, and dip drying the same.
  • a reaction agent 86 of MgPP formed by press forming is attached to the extremity surface of the header 54 D.
  • a gap 82 formed between the reaction agent 86 and the ceiling surface of the cup 52 D is filled with a metallic sleeve (metallic wool) formed of metal such as Zr, Mg, Ti, W, Al and the like.
  • metallic sleeve metallic wool
  • Other constructions of the initiator 50 E shown in FIG. 6 are the completely same as the initiator 50 D shown in FIG. 5, and the same parts are represented by the same reference numerals.
  • the initiator 50 E so constructed, when a voltage is applied between the pin 62 E and 64 D, ark discharge occurs between the pin 62 E and the ceiling surface of the cup 52 D, and a high-temperature plasma is generated from a plasma generating agent in the mixture 88 .
  • MgPP in the mixture initiates reaction by heat therefrom.
  • Heat generated in the mixture 88 is transmitted to the reaction agent 86 via the metallic sleeve 84 , and heat generated in the mixture 88 causes combustion of the metallic sleeve 84 , combustion heat of which is also transmitted to the reaction agent 86 . Transmitted heat as such initiates a reaction of the reaction agent 86 .
  • An initiator 50 F in FIG. 7 includes the metallic cup 52 D, and a resin cover 70 F provided at the rear end (opening) of the cup 52 D.
  • the reaction agent 86 formed of MgPP by press molding is provided on the ceiling surface of the cup 52 D.
  • a gap 82 F is formed between the reaction agent 86 and the resin cover 70 F.
  • Two electrode pins 62 F, 64 F are passed through the resin cover 70 F in the fore-and-aft direction (vertical direction in FIG. 7).
  • the portions of the pins 62 F, 64 F located in the gap 82 F are covered by mixtures 90 a , 90 b , respectively.
  • the mixtures 90 a , 90 b are fixed to the pins 62 F, 64 F by soaking the extremities of the pins 62 F, 64 F into a slurry mixtures of MgPP and a plasma generating agent, taking them out and dried.
  • the metallic sleeve 84 is filled in the space 82 F, and the outer surface of the cup 52 D is covered by a resin cover, not shown.
  • the initiator 50 F thus constructed, when a voltage is applied between the pin 62 F and the pin 64 F, a current is flown between the pin 62 F, 64 F via the metallic sleeve 84 , and a plasma generating agent in the mixture 90 a , 90 b generates a high-temperature plasma, and MgPP in the mixtures 90 a , 90 b initiate a reaction. Heat generated from the mixtures 90 a , 90 b are transmitted to the reaction agent 86 via the metallic sleeve 84 , and causes combustion of the metallic sleeve 84 to generates heat. Heat thus generated heat causes initiation of reaction of the reaction agent 86 .
  • the initiator of the present invention maybe applied to various gas generators.
  • the gas generators may be built in various airbag systems for a driver's seat, for a front seat, for a rear seat, for a side, for protecting a head, and for protecting a pedestrian, or in a seat belt tensioner, including, for example, the gas generator shown in FIG. 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US10/681,189 2002-12-27 2003-10-09 Initiator and gas generator Abandoned US20040123765A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002-380188 2002-12-27
JP2002380188A JP2004209342A (ja) 2002-12-27 2002-12-27 イニシエータ及びガス発生器

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040123765A1 true US20040123765A1 (en) 2004-07-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/681,189 Abandoned US20040123765A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2003-10-09 Initiator and gas generator

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US (1) US20040123765A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1434025B8 (de)
JP (1) JP2004209342A (de)
CN (1) CN1511739A (de)
DE (1) DE60307773T2 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060017269A1 (en) * 2004-07-26 2006-01-26 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Igniter assembly
WO2011151276A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Autoliv Development Ab Gas generator and manufacturing process thereof
US9731113B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2017-08-15 The Spectranetics Corporation Collapsing coil coupling for lead extension and extraction
US9884184B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2018-02-06 The Spectranetics Corporation Wire hook coupling for lead extension and extraction
US9918729B2 (en) 2009-09-14 2018-03-20 The Spectranetics Corporation Snaring systems and methods
US10105533B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2018-10-23 The Spectranetics Corporation Multi-loop coupling for lead extension and extraction
US11357977B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2022-06-14 Spectranetics Llc Expanding coil coupling for lead extension and extraction

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2008284236A1 (en) 2007-05-30 2009-02-12 Raytheon Company Exploding foil initiator actuated cartridge
DE102012004966B3 (de) * 2012-03-14 2013-01-03 A&O Technologie GmbH Zündsockel für pyroelektrische Zündvorrichtungen
FR3042032B1 (fr) * 2015-10-06 2017-12-15 Commissariat Energie Atomique Inflammateur non pyrotechnique
RU2675001C1 (ru) * 2018-01-29 2018-12-14 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Термостойкий электровоспламенитель
RU2728303C1 (ru) * 2019-09-10 2020-07-29 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Термостойкое инициирующее устройство
CN111306405B (zh) * 2020-02-24 2021-08-20 四川航天系统工程研究所 一种基于化学热源的一次性主动保温组件
US11718267B1 (en) * 2022-03-18 2023-08-08 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Initiator for a gas generator of a vehicle safety device

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US4989515A (en) * 1989-08-08 1991-02-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Ignitor with stable low-energy thermite igniting system
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US20020023567A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-02-28 Tda Armements S.A.S. Secured high-power electro-pyrotechnic initiator

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060017269A1 (en) * 2004-07-26 2006-01-26 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Igniter assembly
US9918729B2 (en) 2009-09-14 2018-03-20 The Spectranetics Corporation Snaring systems and methods
US10687836B2 (en) 2009-09-14 2020-06-23 Spectranetics Llc Snaring systems and methods
WO2011151276A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Autoliv Development Ab Gas generator and manufacturing process thereof
US8573645B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2013-11-05 Autoliv Development Ab Gas generator and manufacturing process thereof
US10105533B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2018-10-23 The Spectranetics Corporation Multi-loop coupling for lead extension and extraction
US9884184B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2018-02-06 The Spectranetics Corporation Wire hook coupling for lead extension and extraction
US10391300B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2019-08-27 The Spectranetics Corporation Collapsing coil coupling for lead extension and extraction
US9731113B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2017-08-15 The Spectranetics Corporation Collapsing coil coupling for lead extension and extraction
US10864370B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2020-12-15 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Multi-loop coupling for lead extension and extraction
US11173298B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2021-11-16 Spectranetics Llc. Collapsing coil coupling for lead extension and extraction
US11357977B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2022-06-14 Spectranetics Llc Expanding coil coupling for lead extension and extraction
US11826563B2 (en) 2014-12-30 2023-11-28 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Expanding tube coupling for reversible lead locking

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DE60307773T2 (de) 2007-09-13
JP2004209342A (ja) 2004-07-29
EP1434025B8 (de) 2007-02-21
EP1434025A1 (de) 2004-06-30
DE60307773D1 (de) 2006-10-05
CN1511739A (zh) 2004-07-14
EP1434025B1 (de) 2006-08-23

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