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US20040050678A1 - Plastic liquefying device - Google Patents

Plastic liquefying device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040050678A1
US20040050678A1 US10/466,143 US46614303A US2004050678A1 US 20040050678 A1 US20040050678 A1 US 20040050678A1 US 46614303 A US46614303 A US 46614303A US 2004050678 A1 US2004050678 A1 US 2004050678A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
plastic
gas
inlet
liquefying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US10/466,143
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenzo Takahashi
Shigeyoshi Kimura
Masaya Takahashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TAKAMO INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
Original Assignee
TAKAMO INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2001006998A external-priority patent/JP4009065B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2001208280A external-priority patent/JP2003019428A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2001389920A external-priority patent/JP2003183672A/ja
Application filed by TAKAMO INDUSTRIES Co Ltd filed Critical TAKAMO INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
Assigned to TAKAMO INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. reassignment TAKAMO INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TAKAHASHI, MASAYA, KIMURA, SHIGEYOSHI, TAKAHASHI, KENZO
Publication of US20040050678A1 publication Critical patent/US20040050678A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plastic liquefying device for thermally decomposing plastic wastes to efficiently use the plastic wastes as reclaimed oil or the like.
  • the present inventors developed a novel plastic liquefying systems for efficiently disposing of the above-mentioned plastic wastes and recycling them as reclaimed oil or the like, and filed patent applications (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-63335, etc.) for these systems.
  • this plastic wastes liquefying device comprises mainly a gasifying furnace 1 for melting plastic wastes by way of heat from a gas burner 4 , etc. and generating pyrolytic gas by thermally decomposing, and a liquefying tank 2 for liquefying the pyrolytic gas which is generated in the gasifying furnace 1 after cooling and condensing.
  • thermo-plastic wastes are melted and gasified into the pyrolytic gas including stylen-monomer and low monocular gravity polyethylene through a pyrolitical decomposition process in the gasifying furnace 1 .
  • the pyrolitic gas is then contacted with cooling water to cause vapor-liquid contact, and is re-liquefied by being cooled and condensed in the liquefying tank 2 . Finally, the decomposed liquid is separated from the cooling water.
  • the decomposed gas can be used as a material or the like for a new plastic product or fuel for a boiler, so that effective use of the decomposed liquid is achieved.
  • the inlet of the gasifying furnace 1 is opened, and the plastic wastes can be loaded into the gasifying furnace 1 .
  • the shutter 3 is closed. Then, the plastic wastes start melting and liquefying, and become fusion-liquid by the heat of the burner 4 .
  • a part of the fusion liquid is sequentially and pyrolytically decomposed, then gasified.
  • the pyrolytic gas flows into a gas line G through a gas outlet 5 , and reaches the liquefying tank 2 .
  • This liquefying tank 2 integrally includes a jet scrubber 7 , a neutralization column 8 , etc. in a water tank 6 which stores the liquid.
  • the pyrolytic gas reached to the liquefying tank 2 is contacted with cooling water which belches up from the jet scrubber 7 having a cooling water circular line L 2 to cause vapor-liquid contact, and thus is rapidly cooled, condensed and liquefied. Then, the decomposed liquid resulting from the pyrolytic gas is temporarily stored into the water tank 6 together with the cooling water.
  • the above-mentioned blended liquid which consists of the decomposed liquid and the cooling water, can be separated into the decomposed liquid and water at above and below respectively by specific gravity, after a certain time has elapsed.
  • the decomposed liquid which is separated into the upper side of the water tank, overflows a weir 9 positioned at the end of the water tank 6 and flows into an oil line L 1 .
  • After removing solids by filtering through a filter 10 , reclaimed oil or the like made from decomposed oil can be collected into a recovery tank 12 .
  • the water which is stored in the lower side of the tank, can be pumped by a pump 11 out from the water tank 6 and re-sent into the jet scrubber 7 through a cooling water circular line L 2 . Afterwards, the water can be re-used as cooling water for cooling the high temperature pyrolytic gas which sequentially flows in.
  • the pyrolytic gas which has not been liquefied by the jet scrubber 7 , and detrimental constituents such as chlorine and bromine which cannot be liquefied by cooling, are sent to the neutralization column 8 in the form of gas. Then, the pyrolytic gas can be cooled and condensed again with the newly provided cooling water from a cooling water line L 4 , and be simultaneously neutralized by neutralizer supplied from a neutralization tank 13 . The process makes the pyrolytic gas harmless, and the harmless gas is retuned to the gasifying furnace 1 via a gas recovery line G 2 . Thus, the pyrolytic gas can be recycled as fuel gas, combustion air, etc. for the burner 4 .
  • the exhaust combustion gas which is emitted from the burner 4 flows into an exhaust gas line G 1 through a jacket 16 which covers the gasifying furnace 1 , and is discharged into the atmosphere after being cleaned and filtered by a filter 14 .
  • the superfluous cooling water which is stored in the water tank 6 of the liquefying tank 2 can be sequentially discharged through an exhaust line L 3 .
  • plastic liquefying device it makes it possible to efficiently dispose of plastic wastes which were difficult to dispose of in the past.
  • the plastic wastes can be recycled as burnable reclaimed oil, so that it promotes the economic and efficient recycling of plastic wastes.
  • the reference numeral 15 denotes a hopper which facilitates the loading of plastic wastes into the device.
  • the inlet of the gasifying furnace 1 is completely closed by a plate shutter 3 .
  • the shutter 3 engages with rails 17 and 17 which are located at both sides of the shutter 3 , and can be horizontally moved to open and close along the rails 17 and 17 by a rack-and-pinion mechanism driven by a motor 18 .
  • the shutter 3 is closed, it is simply placed by its specific gravity on the sealing surface S of the inlet.
  • plastic wastes such as injectors and catheters from medical institutions such as hospitals and clinics which may possibly contain infectious bacterial pathogen are disposed
  • the plastic wastes are disposed by the above-mentioned liquefying device in the same way as the normal plastic wastes disposal, in the initial process, the infectious bacterial pathogen which is adhered to the surface of these plastic wastes, is not sterilized completely and flows into the liquefying tank 2 together with the vapor. Consequently, the infectious bacterial pathogen may possibly contaminate the inside of the device or interfuse with the reclaimed oil.
  • One aspect of the present invention concerns a plastic liquefying device, which comprises a gasifying furnace for generating pyrolytic gas by heating and melting plastic wastes and a liquefying tank for liquefying the pyrolytic gas generated in the gasifying furnace and then separated.
  • the gasifying furnace further includes a heating means provided at the bottom of the oven-shaped furnace body having an inlet at the top thereof for heating the inside of an oven-shaped furnace body, and an opening and closing mechanism positioned at the inlet for opening and closing the inlet.
  • the opening and closing mechanism further includes a plate shutter which is larger than at least the opening area of the inlet and a locking means for securing the shutter to the sealing surface of the peripheral edge of the inlet.
  • the inlet for the plastic wastes can be hermetically closed, the lowering of the pressure inside the furnace due to gas leakage and the deterioration of the surrounding environment can be certainly prevented.
  • the shutter may include a sliding means for causing the shutter to move horizontally so as to open and close the inlet.
  • the sliding means can employ hydraulic cylinders, one end of which is connected to the shutter, and the other end is pivotably connected to the furnace body. Then, it is able to quickly open and close the inlet.
  • a purge gas header is provided at the peripheral edge of the inlet to spray purge gas onto the sealing surface of the inlet, thereby catching dust on the sealing surface, the sealing effect is prevented from being impaired.
  • the bottom part of the furnace body has a corrugated shape defined by a plurality of canaliculate members which are placed parallel to each other, the superficial area of the bottom part of the furnace is enlarged. Then, the heat conductivity from the heating means to the furnace body can be enhanced, and an efficient melting process can be also promoted.
  • Each end of each of canaliculate members may merge to a discharge pipe, and also the canaliculate members and the discharge pipes may respectively include screw conveyers inside themselves. Then, the solids which have not been melted and have accumulated at the bottom of the furnace are easily discharged. Accordingly, the decrease of the furnace body capacity and the deterioration of the heat transmission can be avoided.
  • the heating means may include a gas burner.
  • a jacket may be provided around the furnace for guiding the exhaust gas from the gas burner, and parting strips may be positioned spirally inside the jacket. The heat from the heating means is then efficiently transmitted to the furnace body, and the efficient melting is further promoted.
  • the furnace body can be hermetically sealed and the inside of the furnace body can be filled with high-pressure steam, so that the sterilization or removal of infectious bacterial pathogen which has adhered to plastic wastes can be completely undertaken.
  • the above-mentioned furnace body may be made of a pressure vessel which includes hemispheric metal end covers respectively positioned at the top and bottom of the vertical tube-shaped metallic sack body.
  • the opening and closing lid and gas outlet may also be provided at the top of the furnace body. Consequently, the inside pressure of the furnace body can be safely increased.
  • the above-mentioned agitator may include a drive shaft which is located at the shaft center part of the furnace body, a driving motor which rotates the drive shaft and a plurality of moving vanes which radially extend from the drive shaft.
  • the moving vanes may revolve in contact with the bottom of the furnace body. So, when the plastic wastes are melted, an efficient pyrolytic decomposition can be conducted by agitating the inside of the furnace, and the deterioration of the heat transmission which can be caused by the solid or the like accumulated at the bottom of the furnace can be prevented.
  • the bottom of the furnace further includes an outlet to discharge insolubles
  • the insolubles which have accumulated at the bottom of the furnace can be easily removed by driving the agitator. Accordingly, the cleaning of the inside of the furnace does not entail a large amount of labor and time.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention concerns a plastic liquefying device which comprises a gasifying furnace for generating pyrolytic gas by simultaneously melting various types of plastic wastes, and a liquefying tank for liquefying and separating the pyrolytic gas generated in the gasifying furnace.
  • the bottom of the gasifying furnace is narrowed like a valley shape, which further includes a screw conveyer and a discharge opening for discharging insolubles at the bottom.
  • the drain line may include a neutralization tank for infusing the neutralizer. Therefore, the separated water can be efficiently neutralized. Consequently, the inconveniences such as acid corrosion of the pipes or the like caused by the acid water can be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, which shows an embodiment of the gasifying furnace of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y-Y in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y-Y in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the A part in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of the A part in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial view of the A part in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial view of the B part in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial view of the A part in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Z-Z in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial view of the B part in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 12 is a whole scheme diagram, which shows a conventional plastic liquefying device
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial view of the conventional plastic liquefying device's gasifying device
  • FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view, which shows another embodiment of the gasifying furnace in the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is a graph, which shows the relationship between the temperature and the pressure inside of the gasifying furnace shown in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 17 is a whole scheme diagram, which shows an embodiment of the plastic liquefying device as it is in the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 17.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, which shows an embodiment of gasifying furnace 19 , which is a part of the plastic liquefying device in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 1.
  • the gasifying furnace 19 comprises an oven-shaped furnace body including a plastic wastes inlet H, an opening and closing mechanism 21 for opening and closing the inlet H, and a heating means for heating the furnace body from its exterior.
  • the furnace body has a structure which is covered with an insulative casing 23 .
  • the furnace body 20 is made of a metal such as hastelloy, stainless-steel or superalloy which has an excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and heat conductivity effect.
  • the plastic wastes which are loaded from the inlet H are melted by the heating means 22 and pyrolytically decomposed.
  • the pyrolytic gas is supplied sequentially into the above-mentioned liquefying tank from a gas outlet 20 a.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 21 includes a plate shutter 24 for opening and closing the plastic wastes inlet H and a locking means 25 for locking the shutter 24 by pressing the shutter 24 onto sealing surface S which is formed around the peripheral edge of the inlet H.
  • the shutter 24 has a similar shape to the inlet H which opens in a rectangle shape.
  • the shutter is made of a heat resistant rectangle plate, which is sufficiently larger than the aperture area of the inlet H.
  • the both side of the shutter includes two pairs of wheels 26 , 26 , 26 , 26 (4 wheels in total) (either one or two pairs). Since these wheels run along a pair of rails 27 and 27 which extend horizontally from both sides of the inlet H, the shutter is horizontally moved by a sliding motion to the inlet H.
  • both side ends of the shutter 24 integrally include brackets 28 and 28 which extend in an orthogonal direction to the shutter's movable direction, and the inlet H is opened and closed by sliding the shutter 24 in a horizontal direction by way of a sliding means, which includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders 29 and 29 . That is to say, both one end of each hydraulic cylinder 29 is fixed to a bracket 28 of the shutter 24 while the other side is fixed to the bracket 30 of an inlet casing 23 a . Consequently, as shown in FIG. 4, by simultaneously expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinders 29 and 29 from brackets 30 and 30 which are starting points, the shutter 24 is controlled to be easily opened and closed.
  • the locking means 25 includes totally four hydraulic cylinders 31 which each pair of which is provided at back and forth respectively and vertically supported on the upper part of the inlet casing 23 a , and channel shape presser claws 32 , which are provided at the each corner of shutter 24 .
  • each presser claw 32 and each cylinder rod 33 of each hydraulic cylinder 31 are engaged with each other.
  • the shutter 24 is secured by engaging the presser claws 32 to the piston rods 33 so that the inlet H is completely closed.
  • each of cylinder rods 33 , 33 , 33 , 33 includes circular plate shape collars 34 .
  • the cylinder rods 33 are extended and their collar parts 34 forcibly press presser claws 32 down. Accordingly, the shutter 24 is pressed onto the sealing surface S at each of four collar parts. After closing the inlet H completely by the shutter 24 , pulling the cylinder rods 33 in an upper direction results in easy unlocking of the shutter 24 to resume a sliding.
  • the rails 27 and 27 are divided into two parts in a longitudinal direction.
  • the divided rail segments 27 a and 27 a which are arranged at the side of the inlet H are supported by a coiled spring 35 to be able to move in a vertical direction.
  • the rail segments 27 a and 27 a is movable in the up and down directions with the shutter 24 , so that the vertical movement of the shutter 24 is not limited.
  • the end of rail segments 27 a and 27 a are connected with H-shape connecting beam 36 .
  • the cylinder rods 33 may further include another collar part 37 connecting with the connecting beam 36 , so that the divided rails 27 a and 27 a are simultaneously movable with the vertical movement of the cylinder rods 33 .
  • a purge gas header 38 is extends along the perimeter of the peripheral edge.
  • a slit 39 includes a guide piece 40 to guide the purge gas into the direction of sealing surface H.
  • the guide piece 40 is made of a flexible blade spring. When the shutter 24 is opened or closed, the guide piece 40 is easily deflected, so that there is no interference with the shutter 24 .
  • the bottom part of the furnace body 20 forms a corrugated shape by having a plurality of canaliculate shape members 20 b , 20 b . . . in parallel to each other.
  • the each end of the canaliculate shape members 20 b , 20 b . . . includes a similar canaliculate shape discharge pipe 20 C to merge extending herefrom.
  • the bottom area of the furnace body is larger than a flat plate bottom. In particular, it is about 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ rtimes larger than the flat plate bottom area.
  • each of the canaliculate shape members 20 b , 20 b . . . and the discharge pipe 20 c coaxially include rotatable screw conveyers 41 , 41 . . . which extend in a longitudinal direction, so that the insolubles accumulated at the bottom of the furnace, such as dirt, metal scrape, a glass, or sludge, are forcibly scraped from the bottom wall of the furnace and discharged from the discharge opening 42 which is formed on the casing 23 through canaliculate member 20 b , 20 b . . . to the discharge pipe 20 c .
  • the discharge opening 42 includes an opening and closing valve (not shown). Of course, the valve is closed while in operation in order not to leak any melting liquid or give off any pyrolytic gas from the discharge opening 42 to the outside.
  • Each end of the axis of the screw conveyers 41 further includes pulleys 43 , 43 . . . respectively.
  • the end of rotation axis of the screw conveyer 41 which is located in the side of the discharge pipe 20 c , also penetrates the casing 23 and extends to the outside.
  • the screw conveyer is rotated by connecting the pulley 46 located at the end of the screw conveyer to a discharge motor 47 with a belt 48 .
  • reinforcing plates 49 , 49 . . . which are band plate shapes, and extend in an elongated direction are provided among the canaliculate shape members 20 b , 20 b . . . .
  • a metal heat gauge 50 is embedded in the reinforcing plate 49 .
  • the strength of the bottom furnace is maintained by these reinforcing plates 49 , 49 . . . .
  • the temperature of the bottom furnace can be measured at any time by the metal heat gauge 50 .
  • the temperature information read on the metal heat gauge 50 is input into the control unit which controls output from a gas burner which will be described hereinbelow.
  • a heating means 22 for heating the furnace body 20 includes a combustion chamber 51 which is located at the bottom of the furnace body 20 , a gas burner 52 which is provided in the combustion chamber 51 and a jacket 53 which covers around the furnace body 20 while maintaining a certain distance from it.
  • the furnace body 20 can be heated from its bottom part by combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 51 by the gas burner 52 .
  • the exhaust combustion gas is guided into the jacket 53 which is communicated with the combustion chamber 51 and further guided to the outside from an exhaust gas exit 54 which is located at the top part of the jacket 53 . Because of this structure, the furnace body 20 can be heated from its lateral side and its surroundings.
  • the present embodiment further includes parting strips 55 which spirally separate the inside of the jacket 53 .
  • the high temperature exhaust combustion gas which is guided into the jacket 53 is not directly flown into the gas exit 54 , but the gas is spirally flown around the furnace body 20 by the parting strips 55 . Consequently, it makes it possible to cause the longest contact between the high temperature exhaust combustion gas and the furnace body 20 .
  • the reference numeral 56 denotes a maintenance hatch for opening and closing the combustion chamber
  • the reference numeral 57 denotes its opening and closing lid.
  • the reference numerals 58 and 58 denote supporting legs for the furnace body.
  • the reference numeral 59 denotes a hopper to facilitate the loading of the plastic wastes.
  • the reference numeral 60 denotes a view port for checking the inside of the combustion chamber 51 .
  • the shutter 24 which closes the inlet H of the furnace body 20 is closed in such as that the shutter 24 is pressed to the sealing surface S of the inlet H by way of hydraulic cylinders 31 , presser claws 32 and the like. Therefore, even if the inside of the pressure of the furnace body 20 is raised during its operation, the gap between the shutter 24 and the sealing surface S can not be compromised. Accordingly, inconveniences such as contaminating the surrounding environment because of harmful pyrolytic gas leaks can certainly be prevented.
  • the peripheral edge of the inlet H includes a purge gas header 38 .
  • the high pressure purge gas is sprayed onto the sealing surface S from the purge gas header 38 in order to certainly remove the part of the plastic wastes and dirt from the sealing surface, which may be attached when the plastic wastes are placed. Therefore, it is certainly avoided to compromise the gap on the sealing surface because of the attachment of the dirt, or the like.
  • the surface of the bottom of the furnace body 20 is enlarged by forming a corrugated surface at the bottom of the furnace body 20 with a plurality of canaliculate shape members 20 b , so that the contact surface between the high temperature generated combustion gas and the bottom of the furnace is enlarged. Consequently, the heating efficiency of the furnace body 20 is improved and efficient melting or pyrolytic decomposition can be achieved.
  • the screw conveyers 41 are provided in the canaliculate shape member 20 b or the like, so that solids, sludge, or the like which has accumulated or attached to the bottom of the furnace are scraped from the bottom of the furnace and are easily removed. Accordingly, there is no need to remove them by hand, which was previously burdensome work in the conventional device. Also, the removal can be done even when the furnace body maintains a high temperature, so that the down time of the furnace body is curtailed and a high operating rate can be maintained.
  • the metal heat gauge 50 for measuring the temperature of the bottom of the surface is provided at the bottom of the furnace, so that it is possible to accurately measure the temperature of the whole furnace body 20 together with a conventional furnace body heat gauge. For example, when the temperature gap between the temperature of the bottom of the furnace measured by the metal heat gauge 50 and the temperature of the inside of the furnace body 20 measured by the furnace body heat gauge is small, it can be determined that the gasifying process has not finished and the operation should be maintained. On the other hand, when the temperature gap exceeds a predetermined value, it can be determined that the gasifying process has finished.
  • FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view which shows an embodiment of another gasifying furnace 60 for gasifying the infectious plastic wastes which especially have a possibility of the attachment of the infectious bacteria pathogen in injectors or the like compared with the above-mentioned plastic wastes.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 14.
  • the gasifying furnace 60 mainly includes an elongated tube shape furnace body 61 for pyrolitically decomposing infectious plastic wastes and generating pyrolytic gas, a heating means 62 for heating the furnace body 61 from its bottom and an agitating means 63 for mixing the inside of the furnace body 61 .
  • the furnace body 61 is made of a metal such as hastelloy, stainless-steel or superalloy which has an excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and heat conductivity effect.
  • the furnace body 61 is a pressure vessel, in which top and bottom of a longitudinal tube shape sack body 64 respectively include hemispheric end covers 65 and 66 .
  • An inlet 67 for the placement of the plastic wastes is provided at the top end cover 65 .
  • the inlet 67 can be opened and closed by the flanged type opening and closing lid 68 .
  • the inlet 67 is connected to the feed water pipe 69 for feeding water to promote melting in the initial stage.
  • the feed water pipe 69 can be opened and closed by a magnetic valve V.
  • a gas outlet 70 is provided at the upper part of the sack body 64 , and pyrolytic gas which is generated by the furnace body 61 can be guided into the above-mentioned liquefying tank 2 .
  • the gas outlet 70 also includes an automatic opening and closing valve 71 and the gas outlet 70 can be automatically opened and closed by a predetermined condition which is mentioned below.
  • the bottom end cover 66 of the furnace body 61 includes an insoluble vent 72 for removing insolubles such as sand or metal pieces, which have accumulated at the furnace bottom, as needed.
  • the heating means 62 includes a combustion chamber 73 located at the bottom of the furnace body and jacket 74 which covers the surrounding area of the furnace body 61 from the combustion chamber 73 .
  • a heating device 75 located in the combustion chamber 73 such as a gas burner, an oil burner or an electrical heater, directly heats the furnace body 61 from its bottom.
  • the gas burner, the oil burner or the like which utilizes fossil fuel is employed as the heating device 75 , the high temperature of combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 73 is guided into the exhaust gas outlet 76 through jacket 74 . Accordingly, the furnace body can be heated evenly over its entire body.
  • An agitator 63 located in the furnace body 61 includes a drive shaft 77 which is positioned in the shaft center part of the furnace body 61 , a driving motor 78 which is installed at the upper part of the drive shaft 77 to rotatably drive the drive shaft 77 , and a plurality of moving vanes 79 , 79 , 79 , 79 which radially extend from the bottom part of the drive shaft 77 , to efficiently melt the infectious plastic wastes loaded in the inside of the furnace body 61 by mixing and heating the wastes evenly. As shown in FIG.
  • the tips of the moving vanes 79 , 79 , 79 , 79 are curved toward the down stream side of the rotative direction, and the bottoms of the moving vanes 79 are normally in contact with the bottom of the furnace.
  • the moving vanes revolve and slide on the bottom surface like scraper, the attachment and accumulation of stickum, insolubles or the like to the bottom of the furnace can be prevented.
  • the furnace body 61 firstly water which has a lower boiling point starts evaporating by the heating mentioned above. Following to the evaporation, the pressure and the temperature inside the furnace body are gradually raised, as shown in FIG. 16.
  • the heating means 62 is adjusted as needed to keep the pressure or temperature which eradicates infectious bacterial pathogen, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, the saturation pressure can be established at 121° C. water temperature, and the condition is maintained for a predetermined time of period, twenty minutes, for example. Then, the infectious bacterial pathogen which is attached to the plastic wastes is completely eradicated by steam sterilization un der pressure. Therefore, there is no possibility that the infectious bacterial pathogen flows into the liquefying tank 2 together with pyrolytic gas.
  • the inside pressure of the furnace body 61 can be decreased by gradually opening the automatic opening and closing valve 71 of the gas outlet 70 .
  • the inside temperature is raised by increasing the energy output of the heating means.
  • plastic wastes start melting.
  • the temperature is increased, and when the temperature reaches the gasifying temperature, for example 380° C., the melt liquid is pyrolitically decomposed and gasified.
  • the pyrolytic gas is sequentially guided into the liquefying tank 2 , and then the oily water separation, which is conducted in the same way as the conventional process, is undertaken.
  • Such reclaimed oil or the like can be effectively utilized.
  • the furnace body 61 can be hermetically closed with high pressure and under high temperature for a certain period of time, so that the infectious plastic wastes such as injectors or catheters for infectious disease, in which the infectious bacterial pathogen is attached, can be pyrolitically decomposed of safely and surely.
  • the same disposal process can be repeated by butch processing.
  • metal pieces such as injector needles or insolubles (solid) such as dirt which have gradually accumulated inside the furnace body during pyrolytic decomposition
  • the insolubles disposal exit 72 at the bottom of the furnace body 61 can be opened, and the insolubles can be easily removed by revolving the moving vanes 79 of the agitating means 63 . Accordingly, disadvantages such as the deterioration of the heat transmission and the decrement of the furnace capacity, which are caused by the attachment and accumulation of the insolubles at the furnace bottom, are easily eliminated.
  • FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 show other embodiments of the plastic liquefying device according to the present invention.
  • this plastic liquefying device mainly comprises a gasifying furnace 80 for melting plastic wastes, generating pyrolytic gas and a liquefying tank 81 for condensing and separating the pyrolytic gas which is generated in the gasifying furnace 80 , similar to the conventional device.
  • the gasifying furnace 80 comprises a heating means 83 for heating a furnace body 82 from its exterior.
  • the heating means is located in the furnace body 82 having an inlet H at its upper part.
  • the variety of mixed plastic wastes (which are limited to the thermoplastics) which are loaded from the inlet H, are melted by the heating means 83 , and gasified.
  • the pyrolytic gas is guided into the liquefying tank 81 through a gas line G 1 from a gas outlet 84 .
  • a closure lid 85 is connected to the end of the inlet H located at the furnace body 82 by way of hinges.
  • the closure lid 85 is arbitrarily opened and closed by an opening and closing member 86 such as a motor cylinder, which is positioned between the bottom surface of the closure lid and the wall of the inside furnace body 82 .
  • the bottom of the furnace body 82 curves into a valley shape toward its center.
  • a screw conveyer 87 which extends in a horizontal direction is provided at the bottom part of the valley shape.
  • the screw conveyer 87 integrally includes a spiral screw 89 around a rotation axis 88 which extends along an elongated direction of the bottom part of the valley shape.
  • One end of the rotation axis 88 penetrates the furnace body 82 and connects to a driving motor 90 which is located outside, so that the axis of rotation 88 revolves in both directions by the driving motor 90 .
  • the other end of the rotation axis 88 includes a discharge opening 91 .
  • the discharge opening 91 which can be opened and closed, is closed by an exhaust lid 92 .
  • the heating means 83 for heating furnace body 82 includes three flat shape heaters 93 , 94 , 95 .
  • the flat shape heater 94 is located at the bottom of the furnace body 22
  • the flat shape heaters 93 and 95 are located at the both sides of the bottom part, and independently operate.
  • the liquefying tank 81 liquefies the pyrolytic gas which is guided from the gas line G 1 and stores the pyrolytic gas temporarily.
  • a landscape tank 96 includes a jet scrubber 97 which sprays cooling water onto the pyrolytic gas guided from the gas line G 1 and condenses it, and a cleaning column 98 which cleans and exhausts unliquefied gas which has not liquefied by the jet scrubber 97 .
  • the bottom of the water tank 96 narrows into a funnel-like shape.
  • the rock bottom part is connected to a drain line L 1 through a valve V 1 and the middle part is connected to an oil recovery line L 2 through a valve V 2 .
  • This drain line L 1 includes a strainer 99 and a circulating pump 100 .
  • the drain line L 1 extracts water from the water tank 96 , circulates the water to the above-mentioned jet scrubber 97 and the cleaning column 98 , and also returns a part of the water to the above-mentioned gasifying furnace 80 through a return line L 3 .
  • the return line L 3 and its branch part include lines L 1 , L 3 , a scrubber line L 4 and magnetic valves V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 which respectively open and close the cleaning column line L 5 .
  • the drain line L 1 is connected to a neutralization tank 101 via a branch line L 6 and a valve V 7 , and the water extracted from tank 96 is neutralized by injecting the neutralizer.
  • a cooling water line L 9 and valve V 9 branch off from the scrubber line L 4 , and cooling water (tap water) is supplied to the jet scrubber 97 .
  • the oil recovery line L 2 includes a reclaimed oil tank 102 , and the reclaimed oil, which was separated in the water tank 96 , is extracted from the oil recovery line L 2 and stored.
  • a cleaning column 98 includes an upper spray nozzle 104 , a demister 105 , a lower spray nozzle 106 and a baffle plate 107 in orders from the top in the vertical column body 103 .
  • the pyrolytic gas which has not been liquefied by the lavation (tap water, etc.) that flows from a cleaning column line L 5 and a cooling water line L 10 , is cleaned and then sent to the exhaust line L 7 .
  • the exhaust line L 7 includes a pre-heater 108 and a catalytic deodorizer 109 , so that the gas is pre-heated and deodorized, and then is released to the atmosphere.
  • the reference numeral 110 denotes a level meter for measuring liquid level in the water tank and the reference numeral 111 denotes a translucent liquid level meter for checking the condition of the oily-water separation from the outside.
  • the reference numeral 112 denotes a heat insulating material for preventing the gas line G 1 which extends between the gasifying furnace 80 and the liquefying tank 81 from cooling down.
  • the water placed into the inside of the furnace body 82 evaporates into steam by the heat, and then flows into the liquefying tank 81 through the gas line G 1 from the gas outlet 84 . Furthermore, the steam flows into the drain line L 1 , the oil recovery line L 2 , and the exhaust line L 7 , etc. from the liquefying tank 81 . Accordingly, the steam expels all the air inside the device.
  • the pyrolytic gas which is sequentially and pyrolitically decomposed, flows from the gas outlet 84 to the gas line G 1 , then reaches the jet scrubber 97 of the liquefying tank 81 .
  • the opening and closing lid 85 is secured to the furnace body 82 by bolts B or the like, so that the inside of the furnace body is hermetically closed. Accordingly, the pyrolytic gas leak is completely prevented and the above-mentioned infectious plastic wastes such as injectors are safely disposed of.
  • the pyrolytic gas which has reached the jet scrubber 97 is contacted with cooling water supplied from the drain line L 1 and the branch line L 4 to cause a vapor-liquid contact, and then the pyrolitic gas is rapidly cooled down and liquefied into reclaimed oil.
  • the reclaimed oil is sequentially stored into the water tank 96 together with the cooling water.
  • the jet scrubber is substituted by for example, a fin-tube heat exchanger, such terephtalic acid which directly solidifies from the gas, is generated inside the tube, and may cause blockages by the accumulation of the solid. Even if the gas is solidified around the exit, the solid can be blown off by the jet water of the jet scrubber 97 . Thus, disadvantages such as blockage are not caused.
  • un-liquefied gas pyrolytic gas
  • pyrolytic gas which could not be liquefied by the jet scrubber 97 , passes though the upper space of the water tank 96 as it is and after being cleaned by the cleaning column 98 and also deodorized and purified by the exhaust gas line L 7 , the pyrolytic gas exhausts into the atmosphere.
  • the mixed liquid of cooling water and reclaimed oil which is stored in the water tank 96 of the liquefying tank 81 , is separated by its own specific gravity after setting for a while.
  • the reclaimed oil which has a light specific gravity can be collected to the liquid surface, and water which has a heavy specific gravity is collected at the bottom part.
  • the valve V 2 of the reclaimed oil line L 2 is opened, and the reclaimed oil at the upper part flows into the reclaimed oil tank 102 , so that only reclaimed oil can be efficiently collected by the separate collection.
  • the water can be extracted from the bottom through the drain line L 1 , which are then recycled as cooling water for the next process.
  • any substances such as solid terephtalic acid which specific gravity is heavier than that of water or oil is contained, it is accumulated in layers at the bottom of the tank. Therefore, when recycling the water in the water tank, the constituents which have heavier specific gravity, need to be previously extracted by the exhaust oil line L 8 which branches off from the upper part of the drain line L 1 . Then, only the substances which have a heavier specific gravity can be collected. Also, the water in the water tank can be recycled as cooling water for the water used at the initial operation and also as cooling water for the jet scrubber 97 as was mentioned above. Therefore, the effective utilization of the resource can be accomplished. If the extracted water includes chlorine or the like, it may incur acid corrosion of the pipes in each line. Therefore, the water is neutralized by adding an adequate dose of the neutralizer such as caustic soda. The water can be then recycled.
  • the neutralizer such as caustic soda
  • the present embodiment employs the electrical flat shaped heaters 93 , 94 , 95 as the heating means 83 of the gasifying furnace 80 .
  • a gas burner or the like may be alternatively used.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
US10/466,143 2001-01-15 2002-01-15 Plastic liquefying device Abandoned US20040050678A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001-6998 2001-01-15
JP2001006998A JP4009065B2 (ja) 2001-01-15 2001-01-15 廃プラスチック熱分解炉
JP2001208280A JP2003019428A (ja) 2001-07-09 2001-07-09 感染性廃棄物用熱分解炉及び処理装置
JP2001-208280 2001-07-09
JP2001-389920 2001-12-21
JP2001389920A JP2003183672A (ja) 2001-12-21 2001-12-21 混合プラスチック油化装置
PCT/JP2002/000190 WO2002055631A1 (fr) 2001-01-15 2002-01-15 Dispositif de liquefaction de plastiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040050678A1 true US20040050678A1 (en) 2004-03-18

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US10/466,143 Abandoned US20040050678A1 (en) 2001-01-15 2002-01-15 Plastic liquefying device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20040050678A1 (ja)
KR (1) KR20030066811A (ja)
WO (1) WO2002055631A1 (ja)

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WO2015179881A1 (en) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Gia Long Nguyen Gasification and pyrolysis optimization system for medical and toxic waste
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US20170299265A1 (en) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-19 James P. Shea Thermoplastic melting kettle material circulation system
CN107537849A (zh) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-05 佛山市高研信息技术有限公司 一种环保新型的餐余垃圾生化处理设备
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