US1920934A - Corrosion resisting steel - Google Patents
Corrosion resisting steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1920934A US1920934A US291697A US29169728A US1920934A US 1920934 A US1920934 A US 1920934A US 291697 A US291697 A US 291697A US 29169728 A US29169728 A US 29169728A US 1920934 A US1920934 A US 1920934A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- corrosion resisting
- chromium
- steel
- resisting steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 38
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title description 34
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 30
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum-silicon-magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S76/00—Metal tools and implements, making
- Y10S76/04—Chromium
Definitions
- This invention relates to alloy steels and has for-an object to provide a corrosion resisting steel.
- Corrosion resisting steels have been produced heretofore containing 12% to 18% chromium but the cost of the same prohibits their use commercially for structural beams and plates and in other applications where the tonnage is high. I have discovered that the amount of chromium and, therefore, the cost of the steel can be materially reduced if magnesium is present with the chromium. For example, in steels containing from 1.5% to 7.5 or more of chromium the presence of magnesium in amounts from 0.05%
- An alloy steel suitable for rolling and having corrosion resisting properties may contain, for
- Manganese and silicon may be varied within the usual limits as in ordinary or stainless types of .steel according to specification desired without any marked effect upon corrosion resistance.
- Deoxidants such as zirconium; aluminum, calcium, boron and titanium may be used but are not essential to the quality of the steel.
- magnesium to corrosion resistingsteels of higher chromium content is also beneficial and improves their stain resisting properties to a noticeable degree. This improvement is especially noticeable in improved resistance to attack of acetic acid, and is also apparent on the copper sulphate test which is now being employed by many users of steels of this type. Benefits are noted even with very small amounts such as are barely determinable by chemical analysis, but are more marked with increasing quantities on up to 1.5% and 2%.
- the alloys should in general be added in the usual manner, but it is desirable that the magnesium be added shortly before pouring when the steel has been properly killed and the temperature is about right for tapping. A small area of the bath should be cleaned of slag by means. of a scraper and the magnesium added directly to the metal. Tapping should follow as soon as practicable to avoid undue loss of magnesium. Ordinarily the addition of pure magnesium metal is impractical.
- the ideal alloy to be added would be a composition of magnesium and iron, but up to the present time no one has been able to produce a ferro-magnesium alloy. Nickel magnesium is perhaps the most easily obtained and generally the most desirable alloy to add in practice.
- a fairly good degree of hardness is obtainable if desired even in the lower range of carbon as illustrated by a steel of the following composition: carbon .44%, chromium 4.89%, magnesium .12% and nickel 1.41%.
- a Brinell hardness may be obtained as shown below:
- a corrosion resisting steel containing 1.5% to 20% chromium, and 0.5% to 2% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel containing 3.5% to 20% chromium, and 0.1% to 2.5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5% chromium and approximately 1% magnesium, the reminder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 5.5% chromium and approximately 0.5% to 1.5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5% chromium and approximately 1% magnesium, together with approximately 1% aluminum, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 5.5% chromium and approximately 0.5% to 1.5% magnesium, together with an appreciable amount, more than an impurity, aluminum ranging up to 2%, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel containing 1.5% to 20% chromium and 1% to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5% to 9% chromium and .10% to 5.0% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 5% chromium and approximately 0.5% to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 7% chromium and approximately 0.15% to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising 3.5 to 5.5% chromium and 1 to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
- a corrosion resisting steel comprising 3.5 to 7.5% chromium and 0.25 to 0.75% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Description
Pa tented Aug. 1, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE William Herbert Keen, Albany, N. Y., assignor to Chas. W. Guttzeit, New York, N. Y.
No Drawing. Application July 10, 1928 Serial No. 291,697
17 Claims.
This invention relates to alloy steels and has for-an object to provide a corrosion resisting steel.
Corrosion resisting steels have been produced heretofore containing 12% to 18% chromium but the cost of the same prohibits their use commercially for structural beams and plates and in other applications where the tonnage is high. I have discovered that the amount of chromium and, therefore, the cost of the steel can be materially reduced if magnesium is present with the chromium. For example, in steels containing from 1.5% to 7.5 or more of chromium the presence of magnesium in amounts from 0.05%
to 2% or more adds -to the corrosion resisting properties more or less in proportion to the amount of magnesium present.
The present invention has been developed more particularly in connection with the production of corrosion resisting steel suitable for use in boiler tubes, rolled plates, sheets and the like, such as used for roofing and in the manufacture of freight cars, and for convenience of disclosure such an embodiment of the invention will be described. The description, however, is illustrative merely and it not intended as defining the limits of the invention.
An alloy steel suitable for rolling and having corrosion resisting properties may contain, for
Ordinarily the chromium may be kept between 4% and 7.5% to obtaindesired quality without too great expense.
Manganese and silicon may be varied within the usual limits as in ordinary or stainless types of .steel according to specification desired without any marked effect upon corrosion resistance. Deoxidants such as zirconium; aluminum, calcium, boron and titanium may be used but are not essential to the quality of the steel.
' A steel of this character with chromium in the lower part of the range indicated while not necessarily having as effective corrosion resisting properties as the best corrosion resisting chromium steel, will nevertheless withstand the effects of corrosion perhaps three or four times as well as the steel now used for structural work and the like, and yet the cost will not be prohibitive.
(Cl. 75l) An increase of chromium improves the corrosion resisting properties but adds to the expense. Such elements as vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten or tantalum may be advantageously added for the usual purposes and do not substantially change the corrosion resisting properties of this steel.
The addition of magnesium to corrosion resistingsteels of higher chromium content is also beneficial and improves their stain resisting properties to a noticeable degree. This improvement is especially noticeable in improved resistance to attack of acetic acid, and is also apparent on the copper sulphate test which is now being employed by many users of steels of this type. Benefits are noted even with very small amounts such as are barely determinable by chemical analysis, but are more marked with increasing quantities on up to 1.5% and 2%.
In the manufacture of this steel the alloys should in general be added in the usual manner, but it is desirable that the magnesium be added shortly before pouring when the steel has been properly killed and the temperature is about right for tapping. A small area of the bath should be cleaned of slag by means. of a scraper and the magnesium added directly to the metal. Tapping should follow as soon as practicable to avoid undue loss of magnesium. Ordinarily the addition of pure magnesium metal is impractical. The ideal alloy to be added would be a composition of magnesium and iron, but up to the present time no one has been able to produce a ferro-magnesium alloy. Nickel magnesium is perhaps the most easily obtained and generally the most desirable alloy to add in practice. However, some of the more common alloys such as aluminum-silicon-magnesium, aluminum-magnesium, or magnsium-manganese-silicon may eiiectively be added. The use of a compound containing aluminum has the advantage that the presence of aluminum also improves the corrosion resisting properties and permits a reduction of the percentage of magnesium to obtain the same degree of corrosion resistance. A mixture of several alloys may be added, if desired.
It is of interest to note that steel of the character described wi..' withstand exposure over long periods at elevated temperatures. At 1700 Fahrenheit, for instance, there is no appreciable oxidation.
The steel described may be readily rolled into structural shapes, plates, sheets and the like, and it can be produced at a cost which is more than justified by the greater durability.
The following analyses of typical steels which have been found suitable for rolling into plates, sheets, and the like, are illustrative- It will be noted that in these typical steels, the chromium approximates 5% and is within the range of 3.5% to 5.5%, and the magnesium ap proximates 1% and is within the range of 0.5%
to 1.5%. These analyses are illustrative merely of steels which would meet the physical requirements for tonnage applications.
A fairly good degree of hardness is obtainable if desired even in the lower range of carbon as illustrated by a steel of the following composition: carbon .44%, chromium 4.89%, magnesium .12% and nickel 1.41%. When hardened by quenching in oil, a Brinell hardness may be obtained as shown below:
v The addition of the magnesium apparently does not cause a depreciation in the hardening quality as does the addition of some other elements, as, for example, aluminum, but an effect similar to the effect of aluminum would be reasonable to expect if the magnesium content were further increased.
I claim:
1. A corrosion resisting steel containing 1.5% to 20% chromium, and 0.5% to 2% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
2. A corrosion resisting steel containing 3.5% to 20% chromium, and 0.1% to 2.5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
3. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5% chromium and approximately 1% magnesium, the reminder being substantially iron.
4. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 5.5% chromium and approximately 0.5% to 1.5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
5. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5% chromium and approximately 1% magnesium, together with approximately 1% aluminum, the remainder being substantially iron.
6. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 5.5% chromium and approximately 0.5% to 1.5% magnesium, together with an appreciable amount, more than an impurity, aluminum ranging up to 2%, the remainder being substantially iron.
7. A corrosion resisting steel containing 1.5% to 20% chromium and 1% to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
8. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5% to 9% chromium and .10% to 5.0% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
9. A corrosion resisting steel containing 3% to 20% chromium to cause a substantial resistance to corrosion and 0.15% to 5% magnesium to substantially increase the corrosion resistance, the remainder being substantially iron.
10. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 5% chromium and approximately 0.5% to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
11. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 3.5% to 7% chromium and approximately 0.15% to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
12. A corrosion resisting steel comprising approximately 5 to 9% chromium and 1 to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
13. A corrosion resisting steel comprising 3.5 to 20% chromium and l to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
14. A corrosion resisting steel comprising 3.5 to 5.5% chromium and 1 to 5% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
15. A corrosion resisting steel comprising 3.5 to 5.5% chromium and l to 2.5% magnesium, the 120 remainder being substantially iron.
16. A corrosion resisting steel comprising 3.5 to 7.5% chromium and 0.25 to 0.75% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
17. A corrosion resisting steel comprising 5 125 to 7% chromium and 0.25 to 0.75% magnesium, the remainder being substantially iron.
WILLIAM HERBERT KEEN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US291697A US1920934A (en) | 1928-07-10 | 1928-07-10 | Corrosion resisting steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US291697A US1920934A (en) | 1928-07-10 | 1928-07-10 | Corrosion resisting steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1920934A true US1920934A (en) | 1933-08-01 |
Family
ID=23121431
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US291697A Expired - Lifetime US1920934A (en) | 1928-07-10 | 1928-07-10 | Corrosion resisting steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1920934A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2485760A (en) * | 1947-03-22 | 1949-10-25 | Int Nickel Co | Cast ferrous alloy |
| US2574581A (en) * | 1950-05-24 | 1951-11-13 | Guy E Mckinney | Alloying magnesium with ferrous metals |
| US2606112A (en) * | 1951-06-02 | 1952-08-05 | Jordan James Fernando | Grey cast iron containing graphite in spherulitic form |
| US2616798A (en) * | 1950-10-25 | 1952-11-04 | Crane Co | Magnesium treated ferritic stainless steels |
| US3893849A (en) * | 1970-10-30 | 1975-07-08 | United States Steel Corp | Oxidation-resistant ferritic stainless steel |
| US3934349A (en) * | 1972-11-15 | 1976-01-27 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | Dental handpiece or elbows for mounting dental treatment tools |
| US4735771A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-04-05 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method of preparing oxidation resistant iron base alloy compositions |
| US4891183A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1990-01-02 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method of preparing alloy compositions |
| US4999158A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1991-03-12 | Chrysler Corporation | Oxidation resistant iron base alloy compositions |
| US6582765B2 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2003-06-24 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Carbide coated steel articles and method of making them |
-
1928
- 1928-07-10 US US291697A patent/US1920934A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2485760A (en) * | 1947-03-22 | 1949-10-25 | Int Nickel Co | Cast ferrous alloy |
| US2574581A (en) * | 1950-05-24 | 1951-11-13 | Guy E Mckinney | Alloying magnesium with ferrous metals |
| US2616798A (en) * | 1950-10-25 | 1952-11-04 | Crane Co | Magnesium treated ferritic stainless steels |
| US2606112A (en) * | 1951-06-02 | 1952-08-05 | Jordan James Fernando | Grey cast iron containing graphite in spherulitic form |
| US3893849A (en) * | 1970-10-30 | 1975-07-08 | United States Steel Corp | Oxidation-resistant ferritic stainless steel |
| US3934349A (en) * | 1972-11-15 | 1976-01-27 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | Dental handpiece or elbows for mounting dental treatment tools |
| US4735771A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-04-05 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method of preparing oxidation resistant iron base alloy compositions |
| WO1989009841A1 (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1989-10-19 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method of preparing oxidation resistant iron base alloy compositions |
| US4891183A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1990-01-02 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Method of preparing alloy compositions |
| US4999158A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1991-03-12 | Chrysler Corporation | Oxidation resistant iron base alloy compositions |
| US6582765B2 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2003-06-24 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Carbide coated steel articles and method of making them |
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