US1878148A - Water tube boiler and furnace - Google Patents

Description

Sept. Z0, 1932. 5, JACQBUS WATER TUBE 50mm AND FURNACE Original Filed April 9. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR 'BY K a @A TTORNEYS Sept. 20, 1932. v D. s. JACOBUS 1,878,143

0 WATER TUBE BOILER AND FURNACE Ori inal Filed April 9, "1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 H -2 2,? 175 as, 5 7

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WATER TUBE BOILER AND FURNACE Original Filed April 9, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 3 ,23 r 1 [N VE/VTOR BY I W4 ATTORNEYS understood from the description in connec- Patented Sept. 20, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DAVID S. JACOBUS, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF 'NEW JERSEY I WATER TUBE BOILER AND FURNACE Application filed Aprils, 1926, Serial No. 100,775. Renewed January 14, 1932.

This invention relates to water tube boilers having water tubes extending into a boiler furnace to cool the walls thereof and operate as slag screens. The invention will be tion with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through an illustrative embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a section along the line of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the boiler furnace, partly broken away, and Fig. 4 is a section along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. In the drawin 5, reference characters and 11 indicate t e front and rear walls of the furnace,

and reference character 12 indicates the side walls thereof This furnace may be provided with a fuel burner 13 near the front upper portion thereof for powdered fuel or the like.

The water tube boiler comprising a plurality of parallel longitudinally disposed drums may be mounted above the furnace. In the illustrative embodiment, three such drums 14, 15 and 16 are shown with their steam spaces connected by means of tubes or cross connectors 17 and 18 to equalize the pressure in the drums. The lower sides or water spaces of the drums are connected by means of nipples 19 to uptake headers 20. Inclined tubes 21 extending across the top of the furnace chamher connect the uptake headers 20 to downtake headers 22, which are connected at their lower ends to the mud drum 22' and at their upper ends by means of the nipples 23 to the drums 14, 15 and 16, some of these nipples be ing crossed, as shown at 23 (Fig. 4) so that the portion of the water that flows downwardly through the crossed nipples 23 into the corresponding downtake headers 22 will return through the tubes 21 connected to these headers, and the headers 20 to the adjacent drums.

Bafiles 24, 25 and 26 are provided to guide the hot gases over the tubes 21 in a plurality of passes to the exit 27. Steam passes from the drums 14, 15 and 16 through tubes 14', 15 and 16" respectively, to the inlet header 32 and thence through the superheater 31 to the outlet header 30. From this outlet header the steam passes through the branch pipes 29 to the steam outlet fitting 28 which is supported upon the drum 15, but has no connection thereto. The fittin may be connected to a Pipes 35 and-35 lead from the water spaces of the outside drums 14 and 16to pipes 36 and 36, which lead to headers 37 and 37 located in front'of'and near: the bottom of the furnace. Water tubes 38 and 38'lead from the headers 37 and 37' through the front wall. I

10 of the furnace at an inclined angle through the furnace and through the rear wall 11 thereof, the outside tubes being inclined far ther from the horizontalthan theiniddletubes. These tubes constitute a slag screen near, the

bottom of the furnace, and their rear ends are r P connected by means ofelbows 39 to tubes 40 and 40, which pass through the rear wall 11 and extend vertically along the inside of this wall and outwardly near their upper ends through the wall terminating in inclined 76 headers 41 and 41. The tubes 38, 38 and headers 41 and 41 are inclined so as to prevent steam from becoming pocketed therein. Pipes 42 and 42' connect the headers 41 and 41 to manifolds 43 and 43', from which manifolds tubes 44and 44 lead to the drums 14 and 16 and enter therein at difi'erentelevations, in order to preserve the ligament strength of the drums,

The pipes 36 and 36 are providedwith branches 46 which lead to inclined headers 47' and 47 from which water tubes 48 and 48' extend through the side walls of the furnace, upwardly along the inside of the walls and finally outwardly through the walls near the t upper ends, and terminate in headers 49 and 49 to manifolds 51 and 51', from which manifolds -tubes 52 and 52' lead to the drums 14 and 16 in a manner similar to that already described in connection with the tubes 44 and 44. The headers 49 and 49' are inclined so as to-prevent pocketing of steam.

\Vater circulates downwardly through the pipes 36 and upwardly through the wall cooling tubes 40 and 48, which are exposed to high heat and have steam generated therein .which, together with unevaporated water, passes back into the drums 14 and 16. By connecting only the outside drums to the wall cooling and slag screen tubes, a greater proportion of water from these drums is evaporated and a correspondingly larger proportion of steam is introduced thereinto in com- Qparison to the middle drum, and for this rea-.

son the cross connections or equalizing tubes 17 and 18 are provided between the outside drums and the middle drum. When there-are impurities in the water, the more rapid evapg pration of water from the outside drums {would cause a greater concentration of imfpurities in these drums than in the middle drum, and for-this reason the downtake nipples 23 near the division planes between the drums are crossed so that water will circulate between the middle and the outside drums, thus maintaining the concentration more nearly uniform.

It is essential in a boiler of the type shown thatthe connections to a given set of water tubes for furnace wall cooling or slag screen tubes be led to and from the drums in away that will not lead to transferring an undue amount of water from one drum to the other.

' If the inlet connection were led from one capacity of the mud drum 22' and resultiin' too great a difference of water'level in the drums.

It is also essential thatwhere there are two sets of furnace wall cooling tubes and slag screen tubes, each set being connected to a I separate drum, that there be no cross connections below the Water line between the two sets. Putting this another way, if all of the furnace wall cooling tubes and slag screen tubes are connected together in a single set there, should not be two connections leading" to and from one drum and two connections leading to and from another drum, because if such anarrangement were used there would be a tendency to transfer the water from one ofthe drums to the other. There would be a tendency to transfer the water from one drum to the other because any excess in the steam generated on one side of the set of tubes would cause an unbalancing of the circulation to. and from'the two sides, which in turn would cause the water to be transferred from one slde to the other and from one drum to the other.

for a given set ofthe'tubes to and from a 'sinfurnace, said tubes being arranged in independent sets respectively connected to said The leadixiglof the connections gle drum is therefore an important feature of this invention. The division of the tubes into two sets where the connections are led to and from two drums is also important, as

it is preferable in anany cases to reduce the size of theeonnections and to avoid discharging an undue amount of steam from the tubes into a single drum.

Water tubes for furnace Wall cooling or for slag screen tubes have been referred to, although it is evident that the invention will apply to'other arrangements of water tubes exposed to the heat of the furnace.

I claim:

1. In a water tube steam boiler, a plurality of steam and water drums, a furnace located below said boiler, water tubes extending along the walls, and water tubes forming a slag screen near the bottom of said drums. v

2. In a water tube steam boiler, a plurality of steam and water drums a furnace located below said boiler, water tubes extending along the walls, and water tubes forming a slag screen near the bottom of said furnace, said tubes being arranged in sets, with each drum connected to one only of said sets, ineach set the sla screen tubes being connected to some of t e wall tubes in the same set.

3. In a water tube steam boiler, a plurality of steam and water drums, a furnace located below said boiler, water tubes extendmo ing along the walls, and water tubes forming a slag screen near the bottom of said furnace, said tubes being arranged in sets, with each drum connected to one only of said sets, in each set the slag screen tubes being inclined 105 and connected to some of the wall tubes in the same set through inclined headers.

4. In combination, a water tube steam boilor having a plurality of steam and water drums, uptake and downtake headers connected to said drums, banks of inclined tubes connected tosaid headers, a furnace located belowsaid boiler, and water tubes forming slag screens for, said furnace, said tubes being arranged in sets, with each drum connected to one only of said sets.

5. In combination, a water tube steam boiler having a plurality'of steam and water drums, uptake and downtake headers connected to said drums, banks of inclined tubes,. some of which are connected at opposite ends to different drums, a furnace located below said boiler, and water tubes forming slag screens for said furnace, said tubes being arranged in sets, with each drum connected as to one only of said sets.

6. In combination, a water tube steam boiler having a plurality of steam and water drums, uptake and downtake headers connected to said drums, some of said downtake m headers being connected to said drums by cross connections, banks of inclined tubes connected to said headers, a furnace located below said boiler, and water tubes forming slag screens for said furnace, said tubes being arranged in sets, with each drum connected to one only of said sets.

7. In a water tube steam boiler, a plurality of steam and water drums including outside drums and a drum disposed between said outside drums, a furnace located below said boiler, water tubes arranged in sets, with each outside drum connected to the opposite ends of the tubes of one only of said sets and forming slag screens for said furnace, and connect-ions between the steam spaces of said drums. I

8. In a water tube steam boiler, a plurality of steam and water drums including outside drums and a drum disposed between said outside drums, a furnace located below said boiler, water tubes arranged in sets, with each outside drum connected to the opposite ends of the tubes of one only of said sets and forming slag screens for said furnace, and connections between the steam spaces and the water spaces of said drums respectively.

9. In a water tube steam boiler having a furnace associated therewith, a bank of water tubes, a plurality of steam and water drums disposed above said bank, connections from each of said drums to opposite ends of certain of said tubes in the bank,a plurality of sets of wall cooling tubes, each set comprising tubes having their opposite ends extending to the outside of the furnace and headers connected respectively to said opposite ends, and separate connections from headers in each set to a separate one of said drums.

10. In a water tube steam boiler having a furnace associated therewith, a bank of water tubes, a plurality of steam and Water drums disposed above said bank, connections from each of said drums to opposite ends of cer tain of said tubes in the bank, a plurality of sets of slag tubes extending across the bottom of the furnace, each set comprising tubes having at least one end connected to a header disposed outsidethe furnace, and a separate connection from the header in each set to a separate one of'said drums. Y

11. In a water tube steam boiler having a comprising headers disposed outside the nace, connections from headers of each set to a separate one of said drums, at least one of said connections including a manifold and tubes connecting said manifold to a drum, said tubes entering said manifold and said drum at'difi'erentelevations. I

14; In a water tube steam boiler having a furnace associated therewith, aplurality of steam and water drums, a plurality of sets of vertically disposed furnace cooling tubes having their opposite ends connected to upper and lower headers, with the ends of the headersin one set spaced from the ends of the headers in another set, circulating connections from one of said drums to the upper and lower headers of one of said sets, and other circulating connections from another of said drums to the upper and lower headers of another set.

DAVID S. J ACOBUS.

furnace associated therewith, a bank of water tubes, a plurality of steam and water drums disposed above said bank and connected thereto, a plurality of sets of furnace cooling tubes, each set comprising a plurality of tubes extending across the bottom of the furnace to form the slag screen and a plurality of wall tubes, and separate means connecting each set to a separate one of said drums.

12. In a water tube steam boiler having a furnace associated therewith, a bank of water tubes, a plurality of steam and Water drums

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