US1791082A - Electrolytic zinc bath - Google Patents
Electrolytic zinc bath Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1791082A US1791082A US185365A US18536527A US1791082A US 1791082 A US1791082 A US 1791082A US 185365 A US185365 A US 185365A US 18536527 A US18536527 A US 18536527A US 1791082 A US1791082 A US 1791082A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- electrolytic
- electrolytic zinc
- zinc bath
- amalgam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 25
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 25
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title description 25
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- YVUZUKYBUMROPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Hg] YVUZUKYBUMROPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SRVJKTDHMYAMHA-WUXMJOGZSA-N thioacetazone Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(\C=N\NC(N)=S)C=C1 SRVJKTDHMYAMHA-WUXMJOGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
Definitions
- This invention relates to. a novel electrolytic zinc bath by means of which iron, steel I or cast iron articles can be'poated'with a perfectly uniform, smooth and compact layer of high grade zinc.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic bath of great stabili-' ty which shall be automatically regenerated without adding any fresh ingredients thereto i0 and is therefore. capable of working in a con-.
- a further feature of this electrolytic bath is that it allows ,to regulate at will the depth of the layendeposited and to accelerate the zinc depositio by employing high current intensities, wit out. altering 1n the least the structure of the metal and the adherence of the zinc layer.
- the electrolyte is generally made of zinc sulphate and conductive salts dissolved in water; these solutions have the drawback thatthey' are not perfectly homogeneous'and are rapidly exhausted Moreover, owing to the large quantity, of hydrogen set oflatithe cathodewith the use of those known electrolytes the production of a compact deposit free from spongy zones on large surfaces meets with serious difliculties.
- This invention com letely obviates the i above mentioned draw links by employing zinc in combinatioii with mercury, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, conductive salts and distilled water.
- the molten amalgam thus-purified is successivel projected into a refrigerating liquid t ereby obtaining the special porous form mentioned above and containing ,both metals in the following proportions in weight, zinc 100 to 200,
- the product is dissolved in distilled water to which sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid and the conductive salts have been previously added. This mass rapidly reacts develop-' ing heat and when the reaction is completed the solution, is clarified and filtered and the liquid ready for use is obtained. I also obtainthe said porous zinc 'by melting it in the presence of iron and projecting it into a refrigerating liquid as explained and in this case successively adding mercury together with the other above mentioned substances during formation of the mixture.
- the secondary constituents of the electrolyte can also be used in the form of slmple 2 memes or double compounds corresponding to the acids and bases mentioned above.
- An electrolytic zinc hath comprising a 5 zinc amalgam, phosphoric acid combined Wi"h an alkali metal, sulphuric acid, aluminium hydroxide, and Water.
- An electrolytic zinc bath containing:
- An electrolytic zinc hath comprising a mixture of zinc amalgam, sulphuric acid, al-
- An electrolytic zinc bath comprisng a zinc amalgam, alkali metal hydroxide, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and Water.
- An electrolytic zinc bath comprising a zinc amalgam, alkali metal hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, a phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and water.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 3, 1931 PATENT OFFVICE GIUSEPPE BIAN CO, OI TUBIN, ITALY ELECTROLYTIC ZINC BATH Ill'o Drawing.
This invention relates to. a novel electrolytic zinc bath by means of which iron, steel I or cast iron articles can be'poated'with a perfectly uniform, smooth and compact layer of high grade zinc.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic bath of great stabili-' ty which shall be automatically regenerated without adding any fresh ingredients thereto i0 and is therefore. capable of working in a con-.
tinuous ma'nner and for anunlimtted period of time without necessitating any regenerating process like electrolytic baths, known heretofore.
consists in the fact that the zinccoated ar ticles are absolutely free from any spongy zones which, as is well known, occur quite often in the zinc coated articles obtained with the usual electrolytic processes and are always the soltrce of corrosions due to the natural agents. 1
A further feature of this electrolytic bath is that it allows ,to regulate at will the depth of the layendeposited and to accelerate the zinc depositio by employing high current intensities, wit out. altering 1n the least the structure of the metal and the adherence of the zinc layer.
' In known zinc baths, the electrolyte is generally made of zinc sulphate and conductive salts dissolved in water; these solutions have the drawback thatthey' are not perfectly homogeneous'and are rapidly exhausted Moreover, owing to the large quantity, of hydrogen set oflatithe cathodewith the use of those known electrolytes the production of a compact deposit free from spongy zones on large surfaces meets with serious difliculties.
This invention com letely obviates the i above mentioned draw links by employing zinc in combinatioii with mercury, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, conductive salts and distilled water. I
The solutiongis prepared as follows: I first make by menia zinc and mercury to an amalgam in" thg proportions hereinafter described which, byflowerin-g the meltiqi point of zinc, makes possible to deprive e zinc Application filed April 20,
mercury 1 to 15.
An important feature of this invention-- 1927. Serial No. 185,885.,
of any impurity therein contained that produces objectionable disturbances during the eleetrodeposition of the zinc. The molten amalgam thus-purified is successivel projected into a refrigerating liquid t ereby obtaining the special porous form mentioned above and containing ,both metals in the following proportions in weight, zinc 100 to 200,
The product is dissolved in distilled water to which sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid and the conductive salts have been previously added. This mass rapidly reacts develop-' ing heat and when the reaction is completed the solution, is clarified and filtered and the liquid ready for use is obtained. I also obtainthe said porous zinc 'by melting it in the presence of iron and projecting it into a refrigerating liquid as explained and in this case successively adding mercury together with the other above mentioned substances during formation of the mixture.
I The presence of phosphorus which, as is well known, has a strong affinity with nascent hydrogen, makes it possible to completely eliminate during the electrodepositionathe spongy zones on the surfaces of iron, steel or other metal coated with zinc. In fact phosphorus, added in the form of an elemenwhich prevents the formation of free hydrogen at the cathode by binding nascent hydroen. The solution that has practically given the best results .is obtained with the following substances in the proportions indicated:
7 Parts by weight Zinc-mercury amalgam 101 to 215 Sulphuric acid-" n 125 to 275 Double sulphate of iron and alumina 15 to 40 Phosphoric acid 5 to 15 Sodium and potassium hydroxide 5 to 15 Distilled waterl n 1000 The secondary constituents of the electrolyte can also be used in the form of slmple 2 memes or double compounds corresponding to the acids and bases mentioned above.
What claim is:
1. An electrolytic zinc hath comprising a 5 zinc amalgam, phosphoric acid combined Wi"h an alkali metal, sulphuric acid, aluminium hydroxide, and Water.
2. An electrolytic zinc bath containing:
Parts by weight Zinc-mercury amalgam 101 to 215 Sulphuric acid 125 to 275 Mixed sulphates of iron and alumina to 40 Phosphoric acid 5 to 10 15 Alkali metal hydroxide 5 to 15 Distilled Water 1000 3. An electrolytic zinc hath comprising a mixture of zinc amalgam, sulphuric acid, al-
kali metal hydroxide and a phosphorus containing substance that Will react in the solution to bind hydrogen at the cathode.
4. An electrolytic zinc bath comprisng a zinc amalgam, alkali metal hydroxide, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and Water.
5. An electrolytic zinc bath comprising a zinc amalgam, alkali metal hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, a phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and water.
so In testimony that l claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name.
GIUSEPPE BIANGO.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US185365A US1791082A (en) | 1927-04-20 | 1927-04-20 | Electrolytic zinc bath |
| FR652112D FR652112A (en) | 1927-04-20 | 1928-04-02 | Improvements made to electrolytic zinc plating baths |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US185365A US1791082A (en) | 1927-04-20 | 1927-04-20 | Electrolytic zinc bath |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1791082A true US1791082A (en) | 1931-02-03 |
Family
ID=22680685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US185365A Expired - Lifetime US1791082A (en) | 1927-04-20 | 1927-04-20 | Electrolytic zinc bath |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1791082A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR652112A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2488246A (en) * | 1944-08-25 | 1949-11-15 | United Chromium Inc | Process of electroplating zinc, and baths and compositions for use therein |
| US2811484A (en) * | 1956-06-20 | 1957-10-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Electrodeposition of zinc on magnesium and its alloys |
-
1927
- 1927-04-20 US US185365A patent/US1791082A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1928
- 1928-04-02 FR FR652112D patent/FR652112A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2488246A (en) * | 1944-08-25 | 1949-11-15 | United Chromium Inc | Process of electroplating zinc, and baths and compositions for use therein |
| US2811484A (en) * | 1956-06-20 | 1957-10-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Electrodeposition of zinc on magnesium and its alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR652112A (en) | 1929-03-04 |
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