US1769013A - Skylight - Google Patents

Description

July 1, 1930. B, B K 1,769,013.

SKYLIGHT Filed Aug. 2' 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y 1930? B. RBLASKI 1,769,013 I SKYLIGHT Filed Aug. 27, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 1, 1930 PATENT OFFICE BENJAMIN P. BLASKI, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SKYLIGHT Application filed August 27, 1925. Serial o. 52,814.

My invention relates to skylight constructions and has for its principal object the provision of a form and arrangement of parts by the use of which standard stock parts can without cutting or other change :be'employed to'advantage for producing a skylight ofanylength ordinarily called for.

' It is another object of my invention to construct a skylight of the gable roof type in which the proportions-are such that as skylights are called for of the usually specified horizontal widths differing from each other by variations measured in the usually specitied units, the diagonal dimensions to which the size ofth-e glass must conform correspond to the ordinary stock sizes of glass on the market. In working out this feature of the invention for themarket, I haveprovided skylights of four, six, eight and ten foot horizontal widths, making the proportions of the parts such that the'diagonal dimension of the glass as measured in inches is always divisible by two so that the glass can always be obtained in stock sizes without cutting. y j It is another object of my invention to provide a construction formed of stockparts so arranged that by the provision of a com-' paratively small number of parts ofvarying size a very great variation can be made in'the size of the structure, the parts being arranged so that they may effectively cooperate for forming the structure in the several differin relationships as necessary. I

It is another object ofmy invention to improve devices of this type in sundry details hereinafter pointed out; The preferred means by which I have accomplished my several objectsare illustrated in the drawings and are hereinafter specifically described. That whichI believe to be new and desire to cover by Letters Patent is set forth in the claims. I

In the drawings- 7 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a skylight embodying myimproved construction, being partly broken away, and some parts being shown in'section;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on line 22 of Fig. 1;

to Fi 3 is a bott m dg V ew of one of my improved sashes at one side thereof, being partly broken away;

Fig. 4: is' substantially a vertical section taken on lined-4 of Fig. 2; p

Fig. 5 is substantially a horizontal section takenonline 5f' 5 of Fig. 2; 1

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on line 66 of Fig.1;

- Fig. 7 is an upper edge view of my improved sash at one side thereof;

Fig. 8 is a faceview of a portion of a sash, showing a modfied form of construction;

Fig. 9 is a vertical crosssection on an en larged scale, taken at line 9-9 of Fig. 8; and

Fig"; 10 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the novel relationship between the diagonal dimension and the width in the several sizes of my improved skylight.

Referring now to F igs. 1 to 7 inclusive, in

which corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference characters-'-20 indicates the side sills of a skylight opening of a roof, one of such sills being provided at each side of the opening andfbeing connected by cross bars 21 spaced at intervals along the sills. At their middle points, the cross bars 21 are provided with upright bars 22 secured thereto by means of bolts or in any other suitable manner, rafters 23 being secured at their lower ends to the outer ends ofthe cross bars s0 21 and at theirupper ends to theupright bars 22, all as is indicated in Fig. 2. The bars 21, 22and 23 are all preferably in the form of angle bars. The upper ends'of the'bars22 are provided with a cap 2% formed of sheet metal and extendinglongitudinally of the skylight; At each end of theskylight opening, a closure means 25 is provided, conform- I ingto the slant of the rafters 23.

In practice, a skylight is ordinarily called for by a prospective purchaser of a width measured in feet, and I have found that the provision of four difierent'widths meetsthe ordinary requirements of the purchaser, such widths as worked out by me being approximately fourfeet, six feet, eight feet and ten feet. I have found further that when a skylight is made four feet wide,- -or actually four feet plus'a small constant to provide for the upright beams 22,--if the rafters 23 199.

V be placed at such an angle as to have a measurement of 14.42 inches above the cross beams 21 at half the constant distance from the middle, the diagonal dimension along the rafters will be twenty-eight inches. In like manner when a skylight is made approximately six feet wide, the diagonal dimension along the rafters is approximately forty-two inches up to the ridge pole or cap 24. vVhen an eight foot skylight is provided its diagonal dimension is fifty-six inches. \Vlien a ten foot sky-' light is provided, the diagonal dimension is seventy inches. Inasmuch as glass is kept in stock in slzes measured in even inches, lllVVlll be appreciated that by this system the glass for the'sashes can be obtained withoutany cutting whatever, so far as thewidth of the sash is concerned. Thisis indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 1 in which the constant of the several different sizes is indicated bythe distance between the vertically V disposed dotted lines spaced ashort distance from the center in said Fig. 10.

. As is best shown in Fig. 2, each sash in my wlIIlIJIOVGCl construction comprises a bottom rail 26'and a top rail 27, each formed of sheet metalheldinspaced relation'by side bars 28,

. as is best shownin Fig. 6, suchside rails also being formed of sheet metal in channel form.

a The bottom rail 26 is preferably provided witha laterally extending flange portion 29 adapted to fit over the outer face of the side sill 20. The top rail 27 is provided with a laterally extending flange SO-adapted to stand in contact with an inwardly extending flange 31 formed with the cap member 24.

. The top and bottom rails are also connected together between the side rails 28 by means of bars 32'formed of sheet metal in channel form,.the lower edges ofthe flange portions offeach channel bar being provided with laterally extending flanges 33, as is best shown-in Fig. 4. At their upper ends, the

bars 32 areconnected to the top rail by means of tongues .34 formed. integrally with the flangesof the barssand extending through suitable openings in the top rail and bent downupon the outer facethereof as indicated by .dotted lines in Fig. 4. The lower in the'bottom bar and being bent down upon theouter face of the bottom-bar, as is shown in Fig. 3. Another tongue 37 formed integrally with the web of the channeled sidebar is also'bent down upon the'outer'face of the bottom bar. Theside bars 28- are connected tot-he top rail 27 by means of tongues '38 formed on the inner flange of the side bar, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7 such tongues extending through suitable openings in the top rail and being bent down upon the outer face of the top rail. The side bars are further secured by means of tongues 39 formed integrally with the outer flanges of the side bars and bent down on the outer faces of the tongues 38 and secured in position by means of bolts 40. As is best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the inner flanges of the side bars are. provided at their lower edges with outwardly directed flanges 41.

. As is clearly shown in Fig. 2, the top and bottom rails are provided with laterally offsetportions 42 between their upper and lower edges in position to receive the glass 43 thereon, a suitable amount of putty being preferably interposed between the glass and the supporting parts as indicated at 44. The

side edges ofthe sheets of glass 43 at the ends of the skylight are inserted in grooves extending longitudinally of the side bars 28, such grooves being provided by bending an extension of the web and outer flange portion ofthe side raillaterally, as is clearly shown in'Fig, 6. w

' The sheets of glass 43 are held in position upon the top and bottom rails and the cross bars by means of caps 45 which are formed of sheet metal in channel form. The caps 45 are preferably bowed convexly upon the flanged faces of the caps so that when the upper ends of the caps are secured to the top rail 27 and the caps are straightened out and secured at their lower ends the caps press at intermediate points upon the face of the glass. As is bestshown in Fig. 2, the upper ends of the caps 45 are rem-ovably secured to the top rail'27 by means of projections 46 formed on the caps and extendingthrough suitable openings in the. top rail. The lower ends of the caps are secured to the bottom rail 26 by means of tongues 47 formed with the web portions of the caps and bent down about a portion of the bottom rail as is clearly shown in said Fig. 2, the flanges of the caps being extended slightly beyond'the bottom rail for assisting in holding the caps rigidly inposition.

' Thetop and bottom rails are preferably formed of sections which may be connected together for providing any desired length of rail. I have found that by providing main sections of three lengths, twenty-two inches, forty-four inches, and sixty-six inches, and by providing auxiliary sections of five different lengths,-namely twelve inches, fourteen inclies,-sixteen. inches, eighteen inches and twenty-inches,I can provide'any desired length of skylight or approximately any desired length. By restricting the lengths to even inches, I'am able to make the length of the skylight to conform to the standard sizes of glassas carried in stock on the market.

"of the top and bottom'rails conform preferably to the lengths of the sheets of glass lg, al-

In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the

bottom rail and the top rail are each formed of three sections, the bottom rail sections being indicated by the numerals 48, 49 and 50, and the top rail sections being indicated by the numerals 51, 52 and 53. As is best shown in Fig. '3, the sections of the bottom rail are overlapped at their end portions, being connected together by means of a bolt 54, this joint being strengthened by the connection of the bar 32 with eachof said sections. The sections of the top rail, on the other hand, are held together by means of plates 55 (see Fig. 4:) which are secured to the sections by means of bolts 56. Each of the plates55 is provided on its bottom edge with two lugs 57, one or the other of which engages a suitable opening in the horizontally disposed web of the angle bar rafter 23, serving as a pivotal connection between the sash and the rafters.

In the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the top rail is formed of only two sections 58 and 59, in which case the section 59 is provided with one of the plates 55 near its end portion for providing the pivotal connection and support for the sash even though such a plate is not required for joining sections of rail.

As is indicated in Figs. land 8, the lengths though this is not essential. I

At each end of the skylight, a storm panel 60 is provided upon the fixed portion of the skylight, such panel comprising upwardly extending flanges 61 and 62 (see Fig. 6), the former of which stands between the flanges of the side rail 28 when the sash is inits lowered position.

By my invention I have standardized the construction of skylights so that by the use of stock parts a very close approximation'to any ordinarily desired size can be readily provided, the arrangement being so simple that unskilled workmen can readilyassemble the parts in proper relation. By providing the sizes and proportions controlled more particularly by the size of glass to which the, sash must conform rather than by any predetermined degree of slope, I have eliminated the necessity-for cutting the glass. By my system of firmly securing the parts together and relatively bracing'them I have provided a construction which is very strong andwhich is capable of remaining in first-class condition for long periods of ordinary usage.

While I prefer to employ the form of construction as illustrated in the drawings and as above described, I do not desire to be restricted to the details of construction except as the claims are specifically so limited, inasmuch as various changes may be made in the construction without departing fromthe spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A sash for a skylight, comprising an intermediate longitudinally extending rail section, aterminal rail section at each end of the intermediate section and in substantial alignment therewith, and means for connecting said sections and serving"also for pivotally mounting the sash inposition.

a 2. A sash for a skylight, comprising two longitudinally extending rail sections, and a plate connecting said rail sections together in alignment with each other and provided with two downwardly extending lugs at its opposite end portions adapted alternatively for pivotally mounting one end of the sash in position.

.3. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails held in spaced relation, a sheet of glass'in position on said rails, and a bowed cap of resilient material secured at its ends to said rails and held thereby in straight ened positionso as to press at intermediate points on said glass. 3

4:. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails held in'spaced relation, a sheet of glass in position on said rails, and a cap made in channel form of sheet metal and bowed convexly onthe flange face thereof, said cap being secured at its ends to said rails and held thereby in straightened position i .metal and removably secured at its upper end to said top rail, the side flanges of said cap being adapted to bear on the top edge of the bottom rail, and a tongue on the lower end portion of the cap adapted to be bent downwardly about a portion of the bottom rail between the side flange port-ions of the cap. 1 e 6. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails of sheet metal in spaced relation to each other, a side bar of sheet metal in the form of a channel extending between said top and bottom rails, tongues formed at the ends of the inner flange portion of the channeled side bar extending through openings inthe top and bottom rails and bent down on the outer faces of the rails, and other tongues formed on said side bar at its ends also bent down on the outer faces of the rails. 7. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails of sheet metal in spaced relation to each other, a side bar of sheet metal in the form of a channel extending between said top. and bottom rails, tongues formed at its lower end bent down on the outer 'face of the bottom rail, and a fourth tongue formed on the outer flange of the side bar at its upper end bent down on the outer face of the top I" rail and secured thereto by a bolt.

' 8. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails of sheet metal in spaced relation to each other, a side bar of sheet metal in the form of a channel extending between said top and bottom rails and firmly secured thereto, the outer flange and the web of said rail being extended upwardly in the form of a rib with a return bend at its upper edge and being bent over transversely for receiving the side edge of the glass closing the sash.

9. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails in spaced relation to each other, the bottom rail being formed in sections in lapped end arrangement at their go lower portions, a bolt securing said lapped endportions together, and a sheet metal channel bar extending between said top and bottom rails and secured at its ends to said rails, the side flanges of the channel bar being provided with tongues at the lower end of the bar passing through openings in the upper portions of the bottom rail sections and bent down on the outer faces of said sections serving to strengthen the lapped joint between said two sections.

10. A sash for a skylight, comprising top and bottom rails in spaced relation to each other, the top rail being formed in sections,

means for securing the ends of said sections 85 together, and a sheet metal channel bar extending between said top and bottom rails and secured at its ends to said rails, the side flanges of the channel barbeing provided with tongues at the-upper end of the bar pass- 4 ing through openings in the top rail sections and bent down on the outer faces of said sections between said sections and sald first mentioned securing means serving to strengthen the joint between said two sections.

BENJAMIN P. BLASKI.

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