US1748445A - Compound steam engine - Google Patents

Description

stroke.

Patented eb. 25,1930

I UNETED STA; TES PATENT ()FFECE JUnI s' hnnr;'ofi xorZsonEN itonA, NEAR imnsnnn, eERMAnY, AssIGNoR ro THE grIRM OFJULIus rAHnr nAoHINnFecronx; or KO'.[Z,SCHENBRODA, NEAR DRES- This invention relates to a'method-of' steam distribution for alternately v working and di-- rect acting-compound steamengines and has for its obj ec't to positively couple the work ing pistonsof direct acting compoundsteam engines, which 'are not" mechanlcally connestedbyshaft5cranks and rods, so that the released and adjusted separately from each other at various points of the high pressure piston stroke so that the reversals of stroke ofthe two working pistons do not coincide at any motion and the reversal of the low pressure piston does not take place in the imiddlejo-f the high pressure piston stroke ;but is started during the second halfof the The steam distributing organs of the high andlow pressure cylinders may be double.

piston valvegears of any known type the adjustment of which is altered by the working steam early controlled by'the spool-shaped I piston of thehigh pressure cylinder.

The drawing shows a group of compound steam cylinders and discloses the working method of the'invention. 'Fig. 1 shows the objectof theinvention, when the high pressure piston is in center position and Fig.

' 2, when the piston is at its extreme lower p0 sition. v I ..From the high. pressure cylinder, at both ends of the strokeof its spool-shaped work- .ing piston H two ports 2 and 3 lead to the distributing cylinders 6 and 7 ofthe high "pressure cylinder while two ports 4 ande lead toth'e distributing cylinders 8 and 9 of I the low pressure cylinder.

Through these openings of the ports 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the valve gear overfwhich the high pressure pis- Iton passes in the high pressure cylinder the working steam ofithehigh pressurecylinder is controlledrelative to the distributing cylooivrronnn STEAM ENGINE Applicationfiled November 25, 1927, Serial No. 225,731, and in Germany December is, 1926.

inders of thehigh and low pressure steam dlstrlbuting organs, the opening of only one of the two high and low pressure ports 2 or 3 and 401 5being connected with one of the hlg h pressure cylinder sides 11"orl0 at a time while the opening of the corresponding other port is connected with the cylinder chamber Sof thehigh pressure piston H.

I Between the high and low pressure cylinders a receiver A is arranged in the known maner, which serves for receivingthe exhaust steam'from the high pressure cylinder and for supplying the low pressure cylinder with Working steam. g --Referring to the drawing (Fig. 1) where the high pressure piston H is in the middle of the stroke and the low pressure piston N.

shown at the upper end of its stroke the play of the working pistons, and particularly that'of the-high pressure piston H serving as sure piston H opens the low pressure port 5 I in the high, presure cylinder chamber 10 while the opening of the other low pressure port t previously covered by the upper part of the highpressure piston is now covered by the cylinder chamber S of the high pressure pistonI-I. The working steam passes from the high pressurecylinder space 10 through the low pressure port5 under the distribution piston of the distributing cylinder 9 in order to push the low pressure control organ up. Fromthe upper distributing cylins der 8 the steam passes through the port 4 to the cylinder chamber S and thence into the open throughan opening 0 in the middle of the stroke in the high pressure cylinder.

The adjustment of the low pressure control organ is altered and the low pressure piston N' begins to descend. The high pressure piston H continues to push upwards until, at the end of its stroke, it causes the working steam to enter from the high pressure cylinder cham-' ber 10 through the high pressure port'8 from the distributing cylinder 7 and to push upwards the high pressurecontrol organ for re- Versing the high pressure piston H, the control steam passinglfrom the upper distributing cylinder 6 through the port 2into the cylinderchamber S and thence outside through the opening 0. I V

The adjustment of thehigh pressure dis-- tributing gear-is now altered, and the high flu'enced by the prevailing receiver pressure,

7 pound steam engines provid'edwith direct drive of two pump pistons an uninterrupted How of steam isproduced, because'at each and as the receiver pressure is not lowered instantly when throttling the initial'high lpressure steam for the'purpose of slowing down the machine, the piston speed of the low pressure piston will temporarily be great-' er than thatof the high pressurepiston. It

in the low pressure piston' towards the end of its stroke so that it can complete the latter.

I claim a A steam controlling. device for alternately working and direct acting. compound steam 5 engines Whose spool-shaped h1gh pressure piston rhythmically pre-controls both working cylinders comprising a low pressure cylpressure cylinder with apiston and acylininder, a control organ and twocontro'l ports y for the said low pressure cylinder, a high der chamber,the said control ports opening equidistantly from the middle of the stroke into the high pressure cylinder,theh igh pres- 7 sure cylinder chamber having an opening in thecenter of the stroke,-and the high pressure piston being ofaheight adapted to release one of the said control ports on pass'ing the; middle of the stroke, ,the' other of the said; control ports being "simultaneously;connectg.

edwith the cylinder chamber.

In testimonywhereof I; have, affixed Justus signature,

is therefore necessary to reverse the "low pressure piston notin' the middle ofthe'stroke of the high pressure piston butsomewhat later to avoid-coincidence ofthe-reversalsfat a greater speed ofthe lowpressure pistonland topermit the highjpressurepiston to work in I opposite direction before the low pressure piston hasreached'the end of its stroke.

By means of this reversalof stroke in com reversalof one piston the other is engaged in 'productiomand this advantage is combined 1 a J with the saving in steam resulting from the] compound arrangement.

ing direct or crosswise. As the low pressure steam side is opposite the second pressure 7 1 stage, the'drop in pressure due to expansion on thesteam side is unfavorably' connected:

with ani-ncrease in pressure on thesecond stage on the air side so that the low pressure side may not remain superiorto the increas- 1ng air pressure up to the end of the stroke and therefore not complete its stroke.

On the other hand, by-employing thereqversal of stroke asdescribed the low pressure cylinder receives during the last half of the stroke the flow from the high pressure cylinder exhaust causmg an lncrease in pressure This-method of stroke reversal improves 7 further two-stage compound air p'umps work-

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