US1744303A - Composition slab - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 21, 1930. 7A. c. FISCHER V 74 0 COMPOS ITION SLAB driginal Filed May 10. 1922 ,Patented Jan. 2 1, 193i) proyide to.

UNITE!) STA/TEAS. -PATFJNT oFFicE ALBERTO. ean; or CHICAGO, ILLINoIs, AssIGnoIq'ro rHE PHILIP CAREY MANU- rno'ruame COMPANY, a oonronmgron or 01110 COMPQSITION. SLAB 1 Original application The invention relates to improvement in composition slabs and to the methodoi the construction ofsame, as more fully described hereinafter and particularly pointedout' in'" the claims, and is typified by an expansion joint strip; which: is employed between rigid building or paving structure to .xfififiion andcontraction of the rigid elements. a I

Heretofore it has been the practice in the manufacture of expansion joints to impregnate felt stripsiand build them into layers,

, or reinforce asphalt mixtures Withsaturated felt sides, also the priorart-teachesfibrous;

matter mixed with tar, p1tch or bituminous substances.

' r In all the above the mixtures have been cffect'edrwith heated liquidor semi-liquid materials, so that the contents are saturated thoroughly and the mass becomes a saturated mixture and consequently contains few if any air cell-s. On the other hand the rigidity oi the fibre for structural purposesis destroyed,

and it does not act as a separate structural skeleton for the surrounding mass. Conserib fluently, in Warm weather expansion joints made by the 'old method become limp and flabby,-*because of their lack of structural framework acting independently of the surroundingmass.

By mymethodof mining cellular granules, unsaturated,

' substances, such as, excelsior 'cut in small lengths, stiff, fibrous flax, etc., and incorporating same in the mixture while the bituminous matrix is plastic, and therefore lacking in penetration power, I am able to affect a strucftural skeleton within the matrix which sup ports the matrix in warmer temperature.

I am also able to eifect cells or pockets in the structure which allow for compressibility,

and because ofithe unsaturated materials or cellular granules the walls of the bituminous matrix cannot adhere together upon compression and will, therefore, respond to ex-- pansion' upon release of the compresslon.

fibrous matter, and other like Certainfibres, such as. mineral wool, which contains "calcium carbonate will cause the walls of the matrix to harden immediately where) in contact, which also makes for a stronger structure, so that there is a structural strengthening bothby chemical action and by preserved'rigidity in the fibrous matter which is unsaturated.

I have ailected through this method the' possibility of eiiectingseveral types of structure, namely, a bituminous and fibrous mixture efiecting a chemical change, strengthening the structure, a bituminous and fibrous mixture strengthening the structure dueto unsaturated fibrous matter a, bituminous, cellular. structure containing w1thIn the cells granules, such as, cork, whlch in itself 'iscellula'r, screened mineral wool granules, which arealso cellular, treated wool-granules 1n a cellular state, and any other like form of cellu- ;-lar or fibrous matted matter, such as, excelsior, digested straw, flax, etc., in an unsaturated state, or at least not solidly saturated, due to penetration of the bituminous matrix.

The tree like skeletonherein described can best be effected by utilizing stifi', fibrous material, which can readily be securedupon the market. Strands of excelsior, flax 1n an unshredded state, hog bristles, cocoanut fibres, stiil vegetable fibres, such as, broom corn, heavy grasses, twigs, shredded veneer strips, or any like materials may be utilized, as long as they are 1' acketecl-with bituminous material in a sufficient quantity to allow a skeleton to be formed therein, such as described, in which the fibrous material remains dry and unpenetrated, toughness and inherent resiliency, because of the cellular structure of said fibrous material being free from bituminousmaterial.

This skeleton structure is best incorporated .in the bituminous material while the latter in order to maintain their is in a warm, plastic state, and may be mixed with limited quantities or abundant quantities, depending upon the strength of the-structure to be obtained, This may be accomplished by mixing the warm, bituminous material in a suitable mixer and adding the fibrous material, as described, to the bituminous material while it is in a warm, plastic bituminous material state, or the warm, bituminous material may be poured over the fibrous material and is completely jacketed with bituminous material, or the heavier, stiff, fibres, as described, may be placed upon a warm, plastic mass of bituminous material, and a layer of warm, placed thereover and pressed between rolls, as is common in a type usually employed in rolling plastic, bituminous material to plastic thickness for expansion joints. For instance, this skeleton structure may be formed by pulling or shredding out a thin veneer-strip and incorporating it in the warm, plastic, bituminous material, which, because of its cooling nature, would not be able to penetrate the fibrous material and would be incorporated in the mass in a forked or branched tree-like structure or skeleton within the bituminous mass, the bituminous matter becoming a matrix or V mould formed about the stiff, fibrous material.

Figure 1 represents an expansion joint containintg1 bituminous material (a) and mineral wool bro (6) the chemical action of the fibres having streng liened the bituminous wall immediately about them.

Figure 2 represents an expansion joint containing bituminous material-a-and a treelike, relatively stiff fibrous material I).

An expansion joint as outlined above will hav; the following properties: It will resist heat penetration. It will contain a skeleton structure to give it strength before installation in the crevice.

It will be subjectto considerable compression and will re-expand with much less rcsistance.

It Will compress without elongation.

I claim:

1. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional material comprising a preponderating proportion of bituminous material and a subordinate proportion of relatively tough tenacious fibers, said bituminous material and fibers being intermixedwhereby the fibers are interspersed and distributed throughout the bituminous material.

2. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional material comprising a preponderating proportion of bituminous material and a subordinate proportion of relatively long tenacious linear fibers, said bituminous material and fibers being intermixed whereby the fibers are interspersed and distributed in substantially parallel relation throughout the bituminous material.

3. A preformed strip of compressible andelastic constructional material comprising a heterogeneous mass of bituminous material and tough tenacious fibers, said fibers and bituminous material being intermixed into a coherent mass with the fibers interspersed in an unbroken condition.

4. A preformed strip of compressible and I elastic constructionalmaterial comprising a heterogeneous mass of ductile bituminous.

material and resilient tenacious fibers, said fibers beingf intermixed and distributed throughout the mass in'an unbroken condition.

-5. A preformed expansion joint comprising' a predominating proportion of ductile bituminous material and a subordinate proportion of solid tough tenacious fibers, the fibers being unsaturated by the bituminous material and distributed therein in an un broken state.

- 6. A preformed expansion joint comprising a predominating proportion of ductile bituminous material and subordinate proportion of solid material distributed throughout the bituminous material to provide a skeleton-like structure in the mass. I

7. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional material comprising a preponderating proportion of bituminous material and a subordinate proportion of tough tenacious cocoanut fibers, said bitu-' 8. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional material comprising a heterogenous mass of bituminous material and tough tenacious cocoanut fibers, said cocoanut fibers and bituminous material being intermixed into a coherent mass with the fibers interspersed in an unbroken condition.

9. A preformed expansion joint comprising a predominating proportion of ductile bituminous material and subordinate proportion of solid bristle-like cocoanut fibers distributed throughout the bituminous ma.- terial to provide a skeleton-like structure in the mass. Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 8th day of October, 1925.

' ALBERT C. FISCHER;

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