US1679861A - Mold for casting metals - Google Patents

Description

M. GUYOT MOLD FOR CASTING METALS Aug. 7 1928.

Original Filed April 13, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug; 7, 192$.

M. GUYOT MOLD FOR CASTING METALS Original Filed April l3 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet ,2]

INVENTOR TA BY lib ATTORNEYS.

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T his invention relates to a multipart per n'iancnt mold for making castings all metals having melting points ashi gh as or higher than aluminum and its alloys. llt particue l larly relates to a mold having one or more hinged, movable mold. parts Which are ere posed to the heat o'lt or come directly into contact with the molten metal being cast.

.lt also relates to mold of permanent composition, such as iron or steel. having hinged mold parts and a base and being provided with means tor compensating tor ditilerential thermal expansion of the mold parts with respect to each other and to the base lit also relates to a metal mold, for casting metal, having a plurality o'l hinged mold parts and means tor adjusting; the parts laterally With respect to each other,

lit iurther relates to means tor mounting" hinged mold parts for casting metal Which means is capable of compensating" for ditl'erential thermal expansion of the parts and ot laterally adjusting the parts with respect to each other.

it also relates to a multipart metal mold including hinged mold parts for casting metallic articles having outwardly extending projections of considerable length, or oll slight draft or taper, or both.

it also relates to a multipart mold comprising a stationary base and hinged mold parts connected thereto in a manner to mamtain the casting cavity substantially unchanged and prevent substantial turning n'iovei'nent on the base except about the means connecting the hinged parts, While permitting unrestrained expansion of the hinged mold parts relative to the base.

.lt also relates to a multipart mold com prising a stationary part. and movable parts connected together, and means associated with a stationary part to prevent certain turning movements and to permit other turning movement of the movable parts on the stationary part, and to permit lengthwise expansion of the mold parts on the stat ionary part.

lilnliipart molds for casting metals having high melting points such as aluminum and its alloys or melting points thereabove, and particularly those composed of permanent. material such as iron or steel, exhibit a tendency of the mold parts to es.

pand unequally when in use. The parts o'l. the mold, which are exposed to the licat at oudirectly in contact with the molten metal being cast, become heated to a higher temperature than more remote parts ct the mold and hence tend to expand to a areater G Xte1'1t. filo long as the molten metal cavi-. ties are located entirely in mold parts which expand to substantially the same extent during the casting operation no particular problem is encountered but when one or more oi the walls of the metal cavities is formed by a mold part Which, either because of better cooling or the absorption olf less heat trom the molten metal, tends to erpand to a lesser degree than other mold parts constituting the ren'iaining walls of the cavities, the problem of maintaining the original alignment of mold parts and casting cavity Walls often presents dilliculties. This is particularly true Where two mold parts which expand to dillerent amounts are connected together, for example at one end. ln such case, one part will expand length Wise of: itself or lengthen out more than the other part thus destroying the original alignment of parts and casting cavity Walls. llf on the other hand the mold parts are connected together by any means causing the parts to expand from the casting cavity toward each end of the parts, some means must be provided to preserve the original location of cavity walls'vvith respect to each other.

l have, by my invention, provided. means to compensate for the unequal or dillerential expansion of mold parts and at the same time to maintain the casting cavity Walls in their original relative positions thereby insuring castings of uniform size and shape this means preferably consisting essentially ol a single fixed connection between the parts of diilerent expansibilities.

Where, for any reason such as Warpage, Wear or resurfacing of the mold part, it became necessary to realign the mold parts, it formerly was necessary to relocate the hinges or clamp connecting; the parts. oltcn at considerable expense and loss of time. l have, by my invei'ition. provided for realigning such warped. worn or resurfaced parts at slight expense and loss of time and have combined the means for doing so with the above mentioned means for compensating tiCl sible.

for the unequal expansion of mold parts and preserving the original alignment of mold parts and of casting cavity walls.

By my invention I am also enabled to convert into hinged molds operable by one operator, clamped molds which formerly tion, portions of the base of the mold being cut away.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on ine 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view taken transversely of a mold' similar to that shown in Fig. 1 but embodying a modified form of my invention.

- Figure 4 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view of a mold taken in line 1-4 of Fig.3.

Figure5 is a fragmentary, top plan view of the modification shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and taken on lines 5-5 of Fig. 3, and

Figuresv 6, 7 and 8 are fragmentary top plan views of molds embodying my invention in modified form.

In Figs. 1 and 2, I have'shown a mold comprisinga mold base 1 having a substantiallyplain top'surface, and two cooperating mold halves 2 resting thereon and cooperating therewith, the mold halves being pivoted to a pin 3 which is mounted in a hole 4 in the base '1, so as to swin about the pin 3 on the top of base 1. In t e meeting faces of the mold halves 2 are formed recesses for the molten metal being cast, these recesses comprisinga gate 5, a'riser 6 and a casting cavity 7 into the latter of which may be inserted a core (not shown) of any desired configuration depending on the article to be cast. Hinge members 8 are secured to one end of eachmold half 2 as by means of cap screws, and are perforated for close fitting engagement with the pin 3 so that substantially nomovement except rotational movement relative to the axis of the pin 3 is pos- The pin 3 is somewhat smaller than the perforation 4 in the base member 1 so that the pin may move in the-base relative to the member 1 and with it the hinge members 8 and the mold halves 2 may likewise move relative to member 1; It will be noted,

however, that perforation 4 is but a few thousandths of an inch larger than the pin 3 particularly in a line at right angles to the parting lines of the hinged mold parts so that the pin and mold parts may not shift together a substantial amount on the base nor disturb the original location of cavity forming walls. A means for holding mold will permit swinging movement of the mold parts away from each other. A casting may be removed from between the mold halves after which they may be brought together and locked preparatory to the pouring of molten metal into the gate 5 and the making of another casting.

Inasmuch as the base member 1 is large compared with the portion thereof which is in direct contact with the metal being cast, heat is quickly dissipated from such portion and the member does not tend to become highly heated. Consequently the extent of expansion of the base member is relatively small. The mold halves 2, however, which are preferably made only as large as may be necessary to form properly a desired casting have a-tendency to expand to a considerably greater extent than the member 1. \Vith the mold halves 2 fixedkto the base 1 the expansion lengthwise of the mold halves tends to cause binding or close fitting of the mold halves between the pin 3 and the pilot within cavity 7, and results either in the wearing away of the mold halves or pilot, or in necessitating the cutting away of the mold halves, or pilot, sufiiciently to permit free movement and expansibility of the mold halves. Such wearing away or relief to accommodate expansion disturbs the original alignment of the casting cavity walls primarily by shifting of the walls formed by the mold halves relative to the walls formed by the base. In certain instances this longitudinal shifting of certain casting cavity walls may amount to several thousandths of an inch, and the castings made while the walls are so shifted willbe inaccurate and often unusable.

By providing a loose connection between the mold halves 2 and the base 1, as has been the temperature of the mold part or the exten-t of their expansion.

In Figs. 3, 4 and 5 I have shown a modi-- fied form of construction for use with a mold substantially as shown in Fig. 1 and comprising a base 1 having mold halves (not shown) each provided with a hinge member fill lid

and adapted to move on the top surface of mold base it. The hinge members 8 are pivoted to pins ll or which are carried by a yoke consisting of a top plate 16 and a bottom plate ll, the latter yoke plate being provided on its lower side with a pin-like projection it; which extends through an enlarged perforation. 19 in the mold base It. This projection it has a stud fitting tightly in it and projecting into an aperture 21 in member 1 in which it has a freely sliding fito Projection 'ltl has substantially the same loose conenction with mold base 1 as the pin 3 has in opening a, but the stud 20 prevents rotation or lateral shifting movement of projection id in perforation 19..

Pins fl and 15 have a snug fit in hinge member 8 so that all movement of hinge members 8 relative to the pin ezrcept turnmovement. is substantially prevented. The pins 14: and 15 are snugly fitted in yoke plates 16 and ill and T have provided means in the form of set screws 22 in each of these plates engage with. the pin 15 and prevent movement thereof relative to either of the plates. lit will be noted that the end surfaces 23 of pin 15, which enter into plates ill and li' are slightly eccentric with respect to the surface 24: intermediate these surfaces, lily rotating the'pin 15 it is possible due to this eccentricity to adjust one hinge member El and its mold half 2 laterally with respect to the other hinge member and mold half. t lihen by reason of wear, warpageor resurfacing the original posit-ion of the mold half and casting cavity walls has been disturbed or destroyed, ll may restore the mold halves and casting cavity walls to substantially their original position by suitably rotating the pin 15 as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

llt will be noted that although the twin pin construction shown in ll igs. 3, d and 5 is capable of use with a loose connection with the mold base, it may equally well be employed with a tired connection with the mold base where the differential. expansion of the parts is negligible in amount. ll prefer, however to utilize the loose connection and the twin pins in one structure wherever possible or advisable. J

lit will be understood by those skilled in the art that with mold parts hinged about two separate centers of rotation as in Figs. 3, d and 5, castings may be made in hinged molds which due to their outside configuration or to outwardly extending projections of considerable length or slight draft, or both, were made heretofore in molds with parts clamped-together at either end. Furthermore in the case of the larger castings two operators were required for a clamped mold whereas one operator can operate hinged molds for similar castings.

lln lt igs. e 't and ii if have illustrated part or molds in which as in the foregoing figures, expansion. of the hinged parts may talro place from the casting cavity outwardly without restraint while turning movement of the hinged parts with respect to another parts forming a wall of the casting cavity is prevented. The original location of cavity walls is thus preserved and uniform castings assured.

Tn Fig. 6, 24 indicates a mold base having a centrally disposed pilot 25 having one or more substantially straight side edges 25" and a top surface 25" forming a wall of the casting cavity 26. Two mold halves 2i hingedly connected at one-end by hinge members 28 and hinge pin 29* are supported on base and are suitably recessed to engage the side and top surfaces of the pilot 25. The pin 29 does not contact with the base 2st. tiate, riser and casting cavities are formed by suitable recesses in the adjacent faces of the halves 27. The mold halves are free to expand without regard to the enpansion of the base, the expansion talring place outwardly from the casting cavity or pilot but the straight side or sides 25 being non-circular effectively prevent turning of the mold halves on the base and hence in sure maintenance of the original alignment of mold parts and original location of cavity walls.

lln Fig. 7, base 80 carries on its top surface two mold halves 31 hinged together by a hinge pin 32 which stops short of and does not contact with the mold base. flute, casting and riser cavities are provided in the adjacent faces of the mold halves, the top surface of the base forming one wall of the casting cavity 82. Dowel pin 83 in the base serves to prevent rotation of the as semhled mold halves and thus preserves the original alignment of mold parts and loca tion of cavity walls. I

lin Fig. 8, base 3d has a circular pilot and an open topped groove 86. l-linged mold halves 3i" are carried the base 3d,

the hinge pin 88 projecting down into and substantially engaging opposite sides of the groove 36. This pin and groove connection serves to prevent rotational movement of the mold halves with respect to the base a l and pilot 35 while permitting expansive move ment of the mold halves lengthwise thereof.

Tt will be understood that l contemplate employmentof my invention., as set forth above, in molds composed of parts of the same or similar material, some of which parts are heated to higher temperatures than other parts. The more highly heated mold parts naturally expand to a greater amount than the parts which are at a lower temperature. The former mold parts may thus be said to have a relatively high er.- pansibility as compared. to other mold parts and the several variously heated mold parts lid it h

l till llai ll'llll i may be said to be difierentially expansible.

do not desire, however, to exclude the use in a mold of parts composed of different materials of different coeificients of e zpansion. My invention is, of course, applicable to such molds.

Having thus described -my inventionso that those skilled in the art may practice the same, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is defined in what is claimed, it being understood that changes and alterations in the foregoing specific embodiments which do not involve invention maybe made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting. point metals, composed of differentially ex'pansible mold parts and comprising a. base member, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halves being suitably surfaced and recessed to form casting cavities for the molten metal being cast, and means for maintaining the original alignment and location of mold parts "and cavity walls.

2. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting point metals, composed of diflerentially expansible mold parts and comprising a base member, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halves being suitably surfacedor recessed to form casting cavities for the molten metal bemg cast, and means for maintalnmg the original alignment and location of mold parts and cavity walls, including a member operatively associated with the said base and the mold halves, and loosely engaging one'of these.

3. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting point metals, composed of differentially expansible mold parts and comprising a base member, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halves. being suitably surfaced or,recessed to form cavities for the molten metal being cast, and means including a pin, closely engaging the mold halves and loosely engaging the base for maintaining the original alignment and location of mold parts and cavity Walls.

4. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting point metals, composed of differentially expansible mold parts and comprising a base member, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halves being suitably surfaced or recessed to form cavities for the molten metal being cast, and means, including a pin, closely engaging the mold halves and loosely engaging the base for maintainingthe original alignment and location of mold partsand cavity walls, the said pin being free to reciprocate,

without turning, in the base.

5. A multipart permanent mold, for eastcavity halves being suitably surfaced or recessed to form. cavities for the molten metal being cast, and means, including a pin, closely engaging the mold halves and loosely engaging the base and a stud engaging the said hinge pin and the base to prevent turning movement of they pin in the base, for maintaining the original alignment and location ofmold parts and cavity walls.

6. Ina multipart permanent mold for casting high melting point metals, the combination of a stationary mold part, a movable hinged mold part having a relatively high expansibility as compared with the stationary mold part, and a pin having means joining the said mold parts and having a loose connection in the said stationary part and a close connection in the hinged part.

7. In ,a multipart permanent mold, for casting high melting point metals, the combination of a stationary mold part having a perforation near one end, a movable mold part reLatively highly expansible as compared with the stationarymold part having a hinged connection fitting loosely in the said perforation and adapted to permit bod- 11y movement of the movable mold part lengthwise of the'stationary part.

8. In a multipart permanent mold, for casting high melting bination of a mold base, two mold halves carried thereby to move swingably toward and away from each other on the said mold base, the mold halves being provided with wcavities for molten metal to be cast and a loose connection between the said mold halves and the said base adapted to permit differential non-turning lengthwise expansion of the mold halves and the base.

9. In a multipart permanent mold, for casting high melting point metals, the comblnation of a stationary mold part, two movable hinged mold halves cooperating with each other to form the side walls of a casting for molten metal being cast, and means for positioning the said movable mold halves with respect to the said stationary mold base, the said means being adapted to permit limited I10n-turning movement of the mold parts lengthwise thereof and with respect'to the base when the latter are in assembled posit-ion 011 the mold base.

10. Ina multipart permanent mold for casting metals, the combination of a stationary mold part, two movable mold halves cooperating therewith to -form a casting cavlty for molten metal being cast, a hinge pin for each movable part, and an interengaging member joining the hinge pins to the stationary mold part, one of the said pins having that portion of its surface,-

point metals, the com llll ltd

said pins,

7 surface intermediate ts ends eccentric with respect to the surfaces at the ends thereof,

which engages with the said interengaging member, ecee'ntr'iowith respect to that part thereof which engages with the, said mold halt. a

ll. la a "mnltipart permanent mold for casting metals, the combination or a-'stationary mold part, two movable mold parts cooperating therewith to form the walls of a casting cavity, separate hinge pins each engaging with a movable mold part, a y'tlre carrying the hinge .pins loosely engaging the stationary mold part, one oi the pins being rotatahle in the said yoke and having-the yoke and mold hall? engaging side surfaces thereof eccentric with respect to each other, and means tor securing the said rotatable pin against rotation in the yoke.

1%, ln a mnltipart permanent mold for casting metals, the combination of a stationary mold part, two movable mold parts, a hinge pin for each movable mold part, a yolre engaging both ends of and carrying the one of the said pins having the and means for preventing rotation of the last said pin in the said yoke.

l3. In a multipart permanent mold for hination oi a stationary mold part, two

movable mold parts, cooperating therewith and forming walls of a casting cavity, a hinge pin for each of the said movable mold parts and a yolre carrying-the said pins and having a loose connection with the said stationary mold part to compensate for diderentialexpansion of the movable and stationary mold parts.

14. In a multipart permanent mold *lfor casting high melting point metals the con1- bination of a stationary mold part, two co operating mold parts movably mounted to cooperate therewith, interengaging means joining the cooperating mold parts together for independent swinging movement of the parts with respect to the stationary part and to each other, and positioning means associated with the stationary mold part and the movable mold parts for preventing substantial turning movement of the movable mold parts except about the said connecting means and for permitting expansion of the movable mold parts lengthwise thereof.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature this first day of April, 1925.

MAltlllS GUYOT.

casting high melting point metals, the com- 4 lid

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