US1542637A - Casting mold - Google Patents

Description

June. 16, 1925.

C. D. PETTIS CASTING Mom) Filed May 7 1925 6 Sheets-Sheet l June 16, 1925.

c. D. PTl-lsI CASTING MOLD Filed May '7. 1925` 6 SheetS-Sheet 2 V @img @uw ffm@ MMOM @MW/J June 16, 1925.

C. D. PETTIS` CASTING MOLD Filed May '7. 1925 6 Sheetsrsheet 5 June 16, 1925. 1,542,637

c. D. PETTls CASTING MOLD Filed May 7 1923 6 sneetslsheet 4 Y ZZLUQRUW:

June 16,- 1925. 1,542,637

C. D. PETTIS CASTING MOLD Filed May v. 192s s sheets-sheet 5 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 C. D. PETTIS cAsTING MOLD Filed May '7, 192s June 16, 1925.

l uw* Patented June 16, 1925.

CLIFTON D. PETTIS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CASTING MOLD.

Application med my 7, 1923. serai m. 637,165.

To all whom it 'ntay concern:

Be it known that I, CLIFTON D. PETTIS, a

citizen of the United States, residing in struction and which may be quickly and eas- Y the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

ily operated to provide a large output.

Further objects of my invention are to reduce the number of. parts of the mold, to facilitate the cooling of the casting, to eliminate the usual cope member of the mold, to facilitate the inclusion of chills in the mold, vand in general to provide a new and improved mold construction.

The .many other objects and advantages of my invention will be better understood by reference to the following specilication when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating certain selected embodiments thereof, in which:-' Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the casting mold complete with the parts in closed position.

.2 is the same as Fig. 1, plan view. Fig. 3 1 s the same as Fig. 1, end elevation. Flg. 4 1s a transverse vertical section on Fig. 5 'is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is the same as Fig. 5, inpart, show.

ing the steel shell in position in the mold.

Fig. 7 is the same as Fig. 4, in' art, showing the steel shell inposition in t e mold.

Figs; 8 to 16 ,ae detail views. Fig. 17 is a plan View of one type of steel shell., I

Fig. 18l is a centrallongi'tudinal section of the steel shell shown in Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a plan view of a modified form Fig.20 isa section on the line 20--20 of Fig. 19.y

Fig. 21 is a transverse vertical section on the line 21-21g0f Fig. 20.

'preferably of metal.

Fig. 22 is apartialsection on the line 22-22 0f Fig. 19.

Figs. 23 to 25' inclusive are detail views of amodied form of pouring gate, and

Fig. 26 is a detail view of another modilied form of pouring gate.

Referring tothe drawings, it will be seen that the particular designs of casting molds which' I have selected to illustrate the principles of my invention are intended for'the casting of railway brake shoes but it should be clearly understood that these principles are equally applicable to molds for casting many other articles.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 to 18 inclusive, the mold is mounted upon a suitable base A of cast metal and comprises a plurality of separable sections or members forming a flask or holder, each member carrying a corresponding part, of vthe molding receptacle. provided with upstanding box-shaped supports 30 which are perforated to receive the corresponding ends of a pivot rod 33. This pivot rod 33 passes through lugs 34 depending from the bottom of movable side members B, B of the mold. A stationary botx tom member C is mounted on these supports?- 30 between the side members B, B.

In the present embodiment of my inven tion each of the members B and C includes 'a metal frame or flask ffsection, the outeri walls of the members B being preferably perforated, as at' 35, to provide ventilation.' Chambers, as 36, in these Vmembers permit free circulation of air about the molding receptacle, to be presently described.

The walls of the molding receptaclefwith the exception of a portion of the top comprise a plurality of -blocks arranged in groups or sections, each section being carried bythe corresponding ilask section. At

the portions ofthe receptacle whereit is desired to chill the casting, these blocks are The remaining blocks arefpreferably formed of some highly refractory material, such .as carborundum,

To this end the base A is4 lse that may be readily molded into the desired form. All blocks would preferably be of refractory material when no chilligof the casting is required. The blocks are' assembled in the several sections or members composing the holding frame or ilaskrwith suiicient spacing between the blocks of Va section to permit expansion but insuicient to allow 'the molten metal to flow into the interstices.

The frame or flask of the base section C in the present embodiment comprises end pieces 40.formed integral with the supports 30 and connected by a plate 41. Refractory blocks D are mounted in this flask section and held in place by a key or guard plate 42 which is attached to the end pieces 40 by screws 43 or other suitable means. The plates 41 and 42 are each provided witlra rib, as 44, which fits within a corresponding groove in the blocks D.` The end blocks are cut away, as at 45, to substantially fit the correspondin corners on the flask (Fig. 5). Boxes or hol ers, as 46, are provided on the ends of the basel section C of the flask to receive blocks E which form the ends of the molding receptacle. These blocks E in the present embodiment are of metal to chill the end portions of the casting. Projections 47 on 'the bases of these blocks enter corresponding sockets inthe bottom walls of the holders 46 to properly position the blocks therein. The under blocks D are preferably directly exposed to the atmosphere to facilitatevcooling.

Blocks F in the side lmembers B, B of,

the mold are placed Within the flask sections through openings in 4the outer side walls of these sections and retained therein by key or guard plates 50 which are secured to the sections byscrews 51 or other suitable lneans. The top plates of the members B, B are preferably provided with depending flanges 52 which fit within corresponding indentations in the blocks. Similarly upstanding flanges 53 are provided upon the inner edges of the base plates of these members. In order to support the blocks F at an interval from the base walls of the members, I have provided.

ribs or projections 54. This provides an air chamber beneath the blocks for the free circulation of air. Ribs or projections 55 on the plates 50 perform 'a like function. The flanges 53 preferably contact with the plates 41 and 42 in the bottom section C when the side members are moved to closed position in the manner which will be presently described, and thus protect the blocks D and F from impact and possible injury. Boxed sections 56 are provided at the ends of the side members B, B to hold in position chill blocks G, G and H, H, the inner faces of these sections being provided with taperin ribs, as at 57, to hold these chill blocks 1n proper position longitudinally, also to prevent them from rising when the molten metal is poured into the casting chamber. These ribs exert a Wedge action on the chill blocks and thus firmly hold together the blocks at each end of the mold. The blocks G, G are alike except that their form is reversed. Blocks H, H are alike in the same manner.

faces of the A `pair of upstanding lugs 60 is provided on the base A on each side of the mold and each pair supports a pivot rod 61. A sleeve 62 is mounted on each of these rods between the lugs and this sleeve carries a pair of eccentrically mounted rollers or cams. 63. Lugs 64 on the side Wall of the members l are disposed above and below each of these rollers or cams. An operating lever 65 is formed on or attached to each sleeve so that when these levers are raised, the side menibers B will be swung on the-pivot rod 33 to closed position. Similarly when the levers are depressed, these side members will be moved to open posi-tion.

One of the lower chill blocks E is shown in :detail in Figs. 8 to 10 inclusive, Fig. 8 being a side elevation, Fig. 9 a bottom plan view, and Fig. l() an end elevation. A portion of the molding cavity 66 is included in this block and the portion of the brake shoe casting formed therein is chilled. .It will thus be seen that this block chills the end of the shoe and also the end portion of the sides and face. l

In addition to acting as chills the blocks G perform the functions of pouring gate and mold for one end lug.' One of these blocks is Shown in detail in Figs. 11 to 13 inclusive, Fig. 11 being a side elevation, Fig. 12 a bottom plan view, and Fig. 13 an end elevation. A channel 67 is formed between these blocks and the molten metal enters the casting chamber therethrough. The end lug is formed in the cavity 68, one-half of the cavity being in each block as in the case of the pouring gate channel.

The upper chill blocks H perform the same functions as the blocks G except that of acting as a pouring gate. One of these blocks is shown'in detail in Figs. 14 to 16, Fig. 14 being a side elevation, Fig. 15 a bottom iplan view, and Fig. 16` an end elevation. The end lug is formed in the cavity 69 corresponding to the cavity 68 in the block G. The upper chillblocks G each rest on the lower chill block E and the upper surface of the steel brake shoe shell 71 (Fig: 5). The chill blocks H likewise rest on the lower chill block E and the steel brake shoe shell 71. Where no chilling of the casting is required, refractory blocks of like form would be substituted for these chill blocks.

Shoulders 70 are formed on the end chill blocks E to support a steel brake shoe shell, as 71 and maintain this shell in proper vertical position. In the present embodiment, this shell forms the top wall of the molding receptacle and is held in place upon the shoulders 70 by the blocks G and H. This shell preferably has no openings provided in its top Wall except a pouring opening 72 and end lug openings 73. When the brake shoe is to be provided with steel end lugs attached to the shell, as distinguished from cast lugs,` no endlug openings would be provided in the shell. This steel end lug construction may be used in the present mold as the steel lugs will enter the cavities 68 and 69 inthe blocks G and H. 4As steel lugs of this type are well known in the art, no

, illustration or detail `description is neces- \sary. The molten metal enters the perforalthe mold and the chill blocks tions, as 74, in the side and end walls of the shell and firmly incorporates the shell in the casting. In the present embodiment, the center lug 75 is formed of ductile metal and attached to the shell by flanges 76 projecting through the shell and bent inwardly beneath the top wall thereof. The pouring opening 72 is preferably larger than the corresponding openings in the blocks to prevent the inflowing molten metal from fusing the shell. On the other hand, the end lug openings 73 are preferably smaller than the openings in the blocks so as to anchor the end lug to the body metal of the shoe. The chill blocks G and H are preferably tapered,

vas at 77 and 78 respectively, so that when the side members B are opened and closed there is no scraping action. These chill blocks G and H may bemade in different vertical thicknesses to permit the manufacture of steel shell brake shoes of varying thickness and without changing any of the other parts of the mold.

In the operation of this mold, it is placed in open position, that is the handles are moved downwardly, thus withdrawing the side members B from contact with the stationary base member C. The end chill blocks E are then laced in their respective holders. The steel shell, as 71, is next placed in the mold with its ends resting on the shoulders provided for the purpose. The chill blocks G are then placed on top of the corresponding block E at one end of -I similarly placed at the opposite end. Th side members B`are then moved to closed position by the levers 65 and the molten metal poured into the channel in the pouring gate until the mold is filled. After the metal has sufliciently hardened, the members B are moved to open position, leaving the finished casting resting on the refractory blocks of the stationary members C of the mold and with all of the chill blocks in the same position as placed when preparing the mold. The brake shoe with all chill blocks surrounding the ends is now removed from the mold and placed in a proper place to cool. The mold is nowz made ready for another pouring by inserting another set of chill blocks', the set just used being too hot to properly chill the next casting. When the finished shoe cools the chill blocksdrop away from it-as with chilled shoes cast inordnary sand molds. Whenthe chill blocks have cooled suiiciently they may be again used. A distinct advantage in having the chill blocks and pouring gate combined is that the deterioration from successive pourings through a cast metal pouring gate lwhile still hot is avoided. The metal is only poured through the gate when the chill blocks are cold. By having the end chills G and H separated no diliculty results from shrinkage ofthe shoe longitudinally which would otherwisev tend to produce a binding action and cause trouble in getting the shoe from the mold.

It will be obvious that this mold is exceedingly simple in construction, consisting of but two movable members, the stationary base member and the refractory and chill blocks. No cope, end members, or cores need beused. The design of steel shell brake shoe having perforations along -the sides and ends, enables very satisfactory venting through these perforations and the spaces between the refractory blocks. With the section of the steel shell on each side of the center lug exposed to the atmosphere and with the superior venting provided, the shoe will cool much more rapidly than sand- Imolded shoes.

It will be noted that there is no scraping action whatever in the operation of the mold nor in the removal of the shoe from the mold. It should also be noted that none of the refractories have any depressions m them, all of them presenting only flat or im -members of the mold. Each of these end members in the present embodiment comprises a chambered flaskv section 102 in which are mounted refractory blocks 103. These blocks are held in place within the section by a key or guard plate 104 which is secured to the section by screws 105 or other suitable means. The steel shell 71 is placed within the mold in the same manner as was described in connection with the previous embodiment and rests on shoulders 106 formed in the faces o-f the refractory/'blocks in the end members.- The end membersI are moved to closed position andI the shell placed with its ends resting on the shoulders 70. After the insertion of the shell, combined pouring gate and end lug mold 107 is-thenplaced at one end of the shell and the end lugl moldv 110 at the other end. The side members are then moved to closed position whereupon ribs 109 on holder 108 firmly hold and position this pouring gate. The combined pouring gate and end lug mold 107 in the present embodiment is formed of burnt or hard sand. The end lug mold 110 at the opposite end of the mold proper is also formed of hard or burnt sand and rests upon the steel shell 71. This mold 110 is held in position thereon by triangular ribs 111 (Fig. 22) formed on the side members B. These ribs fit Within corresponding depressions in the end lug mold.

The end members M of the mold are preferably tapered, as at 112, on their inner faces to prevent any scraping action 'when the mold is opened. The end faces of the side members B are shaped to conform. At the completion of 'the molding operation, the end members are first moved to open position and then the side members are likewise moved. The parts 107 and 110 remain on the casting and are knocked off when the latter is lifted from the mold.

In Figs. 23 to 25 inclusive is shown a modified form of pouring gate for use with the mold construction shown in Figs. 19 to 22, Fig. 23 being a plan view. Fig. 24 a central vertical section, and Fig. 25 an end vleW. This construction comprises a metal box 115 adapted to receive a filling 116 of green sand which is molded with a pouring hole 117 and end lug cavity 118. -This metal box may be repeatedly used with new fillings. The filled box is placed in the mold proper and held therein in the manner dcscrlbed for the burnt sand gate 107 in the previous embodiment. i

Fig. 26 shows a section of a box 119 similar to that shown in Fig. 24, except that thls box is intended for use with a steel shell construction in which steel end lugs are attached to this shell. No mold cavity for the end lug is thereforeInecessary in the green sand filling. A similar cavity 120 to admit the steel lug is, however, provided by an extension of the lend wall of the box.

I am aware that numerous changes in the form and arrangement of parts of my mold may be made by anyone skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention and I reserve the right to make all such as fairly fall within the scope of the vfollowing claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A casting mold comprising a betteln sectlon, relatively movable side sections, and a metal plate adapted to be supported by 'certain of said sections and to form with saidl sections a molding receptacle when said sections are in closed position.

2. casting mold comprising a bottom section, relatively movable side sections, end sections carried by said bottom section,

and a metal shell adapted to be supported by certain of said sections and to orln .withy said sections a molding receptacle when said sections are in closed position.

3. A casting mold comprising a bottom member, relatively movable side members, blocks carried by each of said members, and a metal shell adapted to be supported by certain of said members and to form with said blocks a molding receptacle when said members are in closed'position.

4. A casting mold comprising a bottom member, relatively movable side members, end members carried by said bottom members, blocks mounted in each of said members, and a metal shell adapted to be supported by certain ot' said members when said members are in closed position and to form with said blocks a molding receptacle.

5. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a plurality ot sections arranged to form thebottom, side and end walls thereof', and a metal plate adapted to be supported by said sections and to form the top wall of said receptacle, certain of said sections being formed of a plurality of separate blocks.

In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising aplurality of separable sections arranged to form a portion of said receptacle, and a metal shell forming the remaining portion of said receptacle, certain of said sections being formed of a plurality of separate blocks.

7. In a casting mold, z.. molding receptacle comprising a plurality of sections arranged to form a portion of said receptacle, and a metal shell forming the remaining portion of said receptacle, certain of said sections being formed of a plurality of refractory blocks.

8. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a plurality of relatively movable sections formlng a portion of said receptacle, and a separable metal shell forming the remaining portion of said receptacle, each of. said sections comprising a plurality of blocks secured together.

9. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a plurality of sections arranged to form the bottom, side and end walls of said receptacle, and a metal member forming the top of said receptacle and being adapted to be incorporated in the casting when the mold is filled,l certain of said sections being formed of a plurality of separate blocks.

10. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a bottom section, end sections, movable side sections, and a top section adapted to rest upon said end sections and to be held in lace thereon by said side sections when saidpside sections are in closed position.

11. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising bottom and side sections, each including a plurality of separate blocks, end sections, and a spaced metal plate forming the top section of said receptacle.

12. In a casting mold, a molding re ceptacle having an opening in its top, and a separable metal late, forming the closure for said top and being provided with a pouring passage, said late being adapted to be incorporated in tliecasting when the mold is filled.

13. In acasting mold, a molding receptacle open at the top, a separable metal plate forming the top of said receptacle and being rovided with a pouring passage said plate eing adapted to be incorporate in the casting, and a pouring gate adapted to be securedto said plate wlth its pouring passage communicating with the passage in said plate.

14. In --al casting mold, a moldin receptacle open at the top and comprislng a plurality of sections, certain of which are movable, a metal late formin the top of said receptacle an being provided with a pouring passage, and a pourin gate secured upon said plate by certain o the movable /sections of said receptacle when said sections are in closed position, the pourin passage in said gate communicating witg the passage in sai plate.

15. Ina casting mold, a molding receptacle open at the top and comprising a plurality of sections, certain of which are movable, a separate metal shell fitting within said receptacle and forming a closure A therefor, said shell .being provided with a pouring passage, and a pouring ate of refractory material adapted to be c amped upon said shell by the movable sections of said receptacle when Asaid sections are moved to closed position, the pouring passage in said gate. being adapted to communicate with a corresponding passage throu h said shell.

16. n a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising end sections, side sections cooperating with said end sections, certain of said sections being movable, and a top section adapted to rest on certain of said sections and to be clamped in position thereon by certain other sections by the moving of said other sections to closed position.

17. .In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising end sections movable side sections cooperating with said end sections, and a top section and pouring gate section adapted to be clamped in osition by said side sections when said side sections are :moved to closed position, said pourin gate 18. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a bottom section, end sections, movable side sections cooperating with said bottom and end sections, a top section adapted to rest on certain of said ections, and a pouring gate adapted to rest n said top section andcommunicate withl the casting chamber inV said receptacle through a passage in said top section, said top section and said pouring gate being clamped in position by said side sections.' when said side sections are brought to closed position.-

19. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle open at the top, a separate metal plate forming a closure-for said top and havlng a pouring passage therein, and a pouring gate mounted on said plate with its pouring passage forming acontinuation of the passage in said plate, the passage in said plate being of greater area than the immediately adjacent portion of the passage in said ate to prevent. the iniowing molten metircontacting with said plate.

20. A mold for casting brake shoesy comprising a base, bottom, end and side mold sections mounted on said base, and -a metal back adapted to rest upon certain of said sections and to be held in position thereon by certain other-sections to form with said sections a moldin receptacle,n said back bein incorporated lnto the casting when the mol is filled.

` 21. A mold for casting brake shoes comprising a plurality of separable mold seotions co-operating to form the bottom, side and end walls of the mold, and a metal shell within the mold and held against removal thereby, said shell forming a portion of the top wall of the mold and being constructed to become interloclged with the casting when the mold is filled;

22. A mold for casting brake shoes comprising a plurality of separablemold s tions co-operatin to form the bottom, si e and end walls o the mold, and ar ductile metal shell adapted to rest upon said sections and to be held in position thereon by said sections to form the top Wall of the mold, said shell being constructed to become interlocked with the casting when the mold is filled. .l

23. A mold for casting brake shoes comprising a plurality of separable mold s ections co-operating to form the bottom, side and end walls of the mold, and a an-shaped of said mold, said shell being constructed to become interlocked with the casting when the mold is filled.

24. In a casting mold, the combination `with a sectional ask of molding receptacle sections carried by the corresponding sections osaid flask, frame members on certain of said flask sections cooperating to form a pouring gate holder, and blocks supported b lsaid sections and held in position thereon y said frame members when said sections are in closed position, said blocks co-o erating to form the pouring gate of the mol 25. In a casting mold, the combination with a sectional iask of molding receptacle \sections carried by the corresponding sections of saidflask, frame members on certain of said flask sections co-operating to form a pouring gate holder, and chill blocks supported by said sections and held in position thereon by said frame members when said sections are in closed position,said blocks being clamped in position on said flask by the moving of the iask sections to closed position and co-operating to form the pouring gate of the mold.

26. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a plurality of separable sections arranged to form a portion of said receptacle, and a metal shell forming at least a portion of the remainder of said receptacle, certain of said sections being formed of a plurality of separate blocks.

27. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle comprising a plurality of sections arranged to form a ortion of said receptacle, and a metal shell orming at least a portion of the remainder of said receptacle, certain of said sections being formed of a plurality of refractory blocks.

28. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle having portions thereof formed by readily separable self-supporting blocks, and a metal shell detachably supported by said blocks and forming another portion of the molding receptacle.

29. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle having bottom, end and side walls, a metal shell supported thereby and adapted to form the top wall of the molding receptacle, said metal shell having a pouring opening and a pouring gate cooperating With said opening.

30. As an article of manufacture, a mold constructed at least in part of relatively movable sections adapted to expand or contract while maintaining a molding receptacle of substantially constant overall dimensions, and a metal plate cooperating with said sections and forming another portion of the molding receptacle.

31. As an article of manufacture, a mold constructed at least in part of relatively movable sections adapted to expand or contract while maintaining a molding receptacle of substantially constant overall dimensions, a metal plate cooperating with said sections and forming another portion of the moldin receptacle, said plate being adapted to ecome incorporated in the finished casting.

32. As an article of manufacture, a mold having a molding receptacle formed in part by a plurality of relatively movable sections and in part by a metallic plate cooperating therewith and adapted to become incorporated in the finished casting.

33. As an article of manufacture, a mold having a molding receptacle formed in part by a plurality of relatively movable -sections and in part by a metallic plate cooperating therewith and adapted to become incorporated in the finished casting, said sections being supported for separation about predetermined axes.

34,. As an article of manufacture, a molding receptacle formed in part by a plurality of spaced blocks and in part by a metallic plate cooperating therewith and adapted to ecome incorporated in a finished castin CLIFTON D. PETTI

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