US1530631A - Coking retort oven - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-'Sheet l J. VAN ACKEREN CQK'INGRETORT ovsN Filed ApriI 8, 1920 March .24, 1925.

March 24, 1925. I 1,530,631

.1. VAN ACKEREN l comme nm'onr om:

Filed April' 8, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 24, 1925.

J. VAN ACKEREN COKING RETORT OVEN Filed April s, 1920 4 sheets-sheet 4:s

Mmh 24, 1925. 1,530,531

4J. VAN ACKEREN l coxING nEg'oR'T ovzr @y Flled April' 8, 1920- 'ets-sheet 4 IUI lfm! fm im! im] im mi Inl-1T um! rml lfd: lfm In lm im im I im mi lui-V' mi my .In @1 m :wl mi im tml mi 1m im [mi mi mi IWI-@Limi ICOM lfQJI mi l@ 7T@ 1mm- 1@ mi im 4mmm Patented Mar. 24, 1925;.

" ED Y STAAT-ESQ,-

Josnrii van ACREREN, or P'rrrsuoneria,- PENNSYLVANIA, Assioma To 'rim' xorriins PATENT olivi-cn.

COMPANY, F PITTSBURGHLPENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF. PENNSYL- VANIA.

'f Appncauon ined prix s,

To all whom t may concern: 4-

Be it known that 1', Josemi VAN A ciinniiir, l n citizen of the UnitedStates,`1-esiding in Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and E. State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and vuseful linproveinent Colring Retort Ovens, of -which the following is'a specification.'

This. invention eomprehends improve lo ments of especial utility in the cokmg retort l oven art; and also comprehends certain iniprovcments ap licable 'to coking retort augmenting the 'volumevv of t from the coal toward-the'end'o itscoking period. With this end in view,: the inven-f 21' tion embodies means for introducing steam" .intothe several cokinggcharges'in a peculf...

iarlyetiicient manner sofas toeffect ractions of the steam` with .the hot coking charges, -which will produce-fan augmenter output of gas without substantially decrees` ing its fuel value.

The invention has for further objects such other improvements-oi' advantages in con.i struction und operation as are found to eb- :i tain in `the structures and devices hereinafter'described or claimed. f

in -the accompanying vdrajvin s, forming a part of this specification, and s iowing, for' purposes of exemplification a preferred form 4e and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limitingthe claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instancesz' Figure 1 is a vertical section .taken trans.

15 versely through a colcin retort oven of a 'type such as above specified and equipped with the improvements of the present inven# tion, the transverse plane on which the view is taken beinglongitudinally through a coli.-

ing chamber and the' pair of regenen-eters thereber cath; I l

Fig. Z is a i detailed horizontal section through one side'ot' #the coking retort oven i'liusti-atod in Fig. 1 and showing in plan ,the

lcolture nirron'i ovm.

1e2o. serial No. 372,151.

` means .for feeding 'steam into a coking chamber of said oven Fig. 3 is u detalled vertical'sectio'n taken transversely through the saine portion of the oven indicated in. Fig. Zand showing the steam feeding or injecting. means in elevation 1 Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevation of the steam injecting means;

-Fig. 5 is an `enlarged vertical Vsectional i elevation similar to 'Fig.v3;

Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional View illust/rat ing a preferred form of vplug hereinafter ex lained;

ig.,7 is a detailed vertical section taken longitudinally through/'the top of the coking lretort` oven and transversely through vits -Fig. 8 is a .view on substantially the same Fig. 9 Ais a. fragmentary tbvpplan. view of the coking retort oven.:

plane as Fig. .7 but of a. lower portion of The same characters'of reference indicate .the saine parts throughout the several views. I n its presente'mbodiment, the invention is incorporated, 1n a coking retort oven 4or coke o ven -batteryliaving features of the well known Koppers cross-regenerative type exemplified in vthe patent to H. Koppers hereinabove mentioned, which retort oven or batter includes in its construction crosswise exten( ing parallel heating walls constituted of series of vertical. flame or combustion fines, elongated cokiig chambers or ovens intermediate the heating walls and parallel therewith, and crosswisc extending regenera.

tors located in planesv beneath the lanes of the cokine chambers and the heating walls anclfparutllel therewith. For convenience, the present description will beconin'ed io this usel of the inventiom features of con. struction are, however, readily susce tible of other'applioations, and consequent y, `it is .manifest that thel scope of the invention is by no means-. conned to the specific use and specific embodiment herein described as-an illustrative example.

Referring to the drawings, there are illustratedsectional views of a coke oven battery of the Atay-product "type, such as vhas been hereinbefore mentioned, which embodies in its construction a' plurality of crosswise elongated heating walls 1l and avplui'ality of 'in- Q v 1,530,631. l

termediate crossivisev elongated' verti'cafcelt-l ing chambers' or iovensA 12. The heating walls 1l form the side walls'of the respective coking chambers 12 as shown more particu- -larlyin' Fig. and in the present instance `are supported by the lieavy supporting or pillar walls 13 extending crosswise of thebattery and located, as shown, beneath the heating walls 11. These pillar walls col-l lectively forinthe main support for the entire superstructure of the oven battery and are themselves firmly supported upon a flat mat or platform which constitutes-the subfoundation on which the entire battery rests.

The coal to';be coked is chargedintothe several looking chambers or ovens 12 through .charging holes 14 located in the top 15-of the oven battery and positioned directly -l above the ovens or chambers 12, as shown-in Fig. -1. These charging holes 14 are equipped with the -usual removable covers, not shown,

p which are removed when charging any of the several ovens and placed in position to close the tops of the ovens during the entire coking operation.v Heat .for coking the charges of coal iin the several ovens orcham` 'bersQ1-2 1s derived from the heati walls 11, which as before mentioned, exten crosswise of the battery at'the sides of the coking 30.chambe1s.`f To accomplish this purpose', the

Vheating .walls are 4respectively constituted" of two series' 16 and 17. of substantially triangular combustion o -r-flame fines valter- 1 1 nately facing. opp'ositely toward the coking fing wall are opci-atively disposed in tivo 354 chambers contiguous to either side of each "such heating wall. These combustion flues '.16 and 17 may be ofthe general nature dis- ."clcsevd in' my 'prior Patent No. 1,312,372

dated. August V5, 1919, and in the prior patent-to Joseph Becker N o. 1,312,301 dated August 5, 1919, and may communicate by a duct system with. tli`e'several regcnerators, said duet system 'being in its general chai-acteristics similar to that disclosedl in the t`wo prior Apatents juist mentioned. l

The said two series of -lues in each heatgroups, eachoabout half the length of the A A 'heating lwall and respectivelyv on 4opposite sides of thercenter line of such wall, this disposition of the luesbeing for .the purpose, 'ofreversin 'the direction of flow therein at each periodic reversal of the oven. While one group of lues is operating as upburning flues and is receivinga supply of fuel gasl -from thefgas channel 18 .located in the pillar wall beneath the .heating wall;.the other group `of lues in the same heating wall is concurrently operating todirect the downiiow from the first'menti-oned group .offlues into theA regenei'ators. located below the y downlow operating'ues. -A 'The crosswise regenerators 19 'of the bat ltery are located at a lower' level than the aforesaid lieatingwalls 11 Aand eoking tend in fheating wall aforesaid;

from one to'the other of the pillar walls 13,

channel 22 underneath the vcheckerwork'of each regenerator, the channels forming the 1 l such partition 2O correspondi g in positionf `I with the line between the hereinbefore' men.-l tioned two groups of .combustion lilies.. With this construction, .there are' -thusgv formed below each coking chamber and l crosswise 'of the battery, twol end to end re- Sh' generators 19, the meetingA ends of' which are the partition 20 above mentioned.'

regenerator 19 is a c liambe'r containing-open brickwork commonly called checkerwo'rk .l

and indicated'at 21, witha distributing sole" soles of-such' chambers and'opening up:into. the.,checkerwork of their respective regener ators. These regenerators in alternation are C0 heated by the hot combustion; products that are exhausted from thelaine or combustion flues hereinabovementioned andthen im`l part such heatV to the-air that they feed into l The reversal'in direction of flow through these flames lines.`

the several regenerators' of the battery, andalso through the ame or combustionl lueslif' oftheheating walls 4with which the regenl erator communicate, takes place crosswise of loo the battery in accordancewith the. mode of L operationA designated in the patent to Kop-A pers-above mentioned. For example, all of the regenerators 19 en one side 'of the partition 20 operate concurrently as inilow regei'r' 105 f erators, while all 'of theregenerators on the. opposite side of the partition 20 operate conf'- currently as outflow i'egenei'ators. O'n"'re' versal by means' of the usualreversing connectionall of the regeneratorswhich pref'llo y. Mvioiisly operated as infiow iegenerators be- .come outflow regenerators and vconcurrently I all of the regelierators which` previously op# -erated as outflow i'egenerators become inflow re enerators. AItwill be.v understood that the 115 .ow operating generators 'deliver pre4 heated airV to.j the 4upburning iues end that the putow operating regenerators receive the .products'of combustion from the Vdowndraft lues and convey such products' of. 12e

to the stack. v .l In accordance with the present invention,

the soles or bottoms 23 of the several c oking chambers or ovens 12 are provided with two' .125 cliannelsh'24 and 25 extending longitudinally of the 'ooliing chamber and respectively' located on` opposite'sidbs ol its longitudinal center and toward ,the sides of such eoking combustion to the waste gas tunnel leadingchamber. Each channel communicates with 1130 nozzles 2G of one channel are staggered relay tively'to the nozzles of the other channel in the sole of the same coking chamber. Each pair'of channels 24 and 25 constitutes apair of steamichannels for injecting superliuntell steam through their respective ducts or-noz- 1i zles 26 into the coking mass thereabove, the

lthe central steam being injected on opposite'sides 'ot rtion or core of such coking mass. In' t e carbonization process, the

coking of the coal proceeds inwardly from ktbe opposite' sides of the charge of coal in each coking chamber, with the result that thecenter or core of the charge remains in a' morev or less gumlikeA or sticky'consistency until the charge is completely coked. By

:Ti the special disposition of the steam channels on opposite sides. of the longitudinal center of theadjoining-ceiling chamber, 4the steam is injected into the sides of the coking mass oi coal, so that the steain'may'pass-"freely` and directly through, and react upon,l the coke 'already formed towards the sides of' the coal-charge, and also to avoid pressures' 'which might develop from injecting steam into the uncokedcore of such chargeL., The steam reacts .with the glowing colging mass to augment the combustible fuel production. I

In practice the steam will be` introduced into the mass of coal .toward the 'endpof yits '1 cokin'g period but WhileA the center ctfcorev still remains in a gum-like or stickyco'nd 'i the scope of the 'claimshereinafter made..

tion, to aiigment-the volume offgas given olf from the charge that lis nearly coked,

The pair of channels 24 and 25'communi cate at their opposite ends with steam chain- 'bers 27, there being a steam chamber communicating with each pair of channels and adapted to supply steam to each channel, as

shown. The steam chamber 27 is formed in a casting 28 the top of which is a continuation of the bottoniA of the coking chamber.

This casting 28 is furthermore' formed with' a downwardly-inclined.nozzle 29 thedis-I steam pipe 33 with a stearnmain 34 extend-- charge end of which opens up into the 'chamber 27 as shown in Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive.

At its lower end, the aforesaid nozzle 29l projects beyond the side wall' of the oven or battery .and screwed into the lower end of the nozzle 29 is a steam injector pipe 30, the lower receiving end of which is connected with a horizontal steam pipe Slithat leads to a vertical steam pipe 32, the latter beinglconnected by means of an inclined ing longitudinally along the side o f the battery. The aforesaid pipe connectionsleading from the. steam mainfi are provided for each steam chamber 27 at each end of each cnking chamber, there bein a series of such pipe connections on cach side of the4 lmttr-ry. Within each horizontal steam pipe 3l is 4a valve 35 of any approved construetion and'adapted to be operated 4by a valve operating rod 36 which. extends upwardly beyond the level of thc bench 37, so as to be in convenient reach of an operator standing on said bench.

By operating any one of 'the series of `valve operating rods 3G on eithcrside of the lcontiguous toeach ,coke oven or chamber,

the control being `operable from either side of the battery; f

' Within each casting 27 :is a pairof inspection holes 38 and 39 respectively registering -with the pairzof channels 24 'andz25 and adapted to be closed by suitable lugs 40 shownin detail in Fig. 6.(,Ass own inf Figs. 1 and 9.a.number ofthe lnozzles26 in 'l the. channels 24",and 25 may bereached through the charging holes 1,4.v Those `noz ',zles which are .intermediate t-lici enresaid chargin holes'j 14 may 'be 'reached through i j 'access c annels 41 formedfin thetop 1550i the'fcoking chamberfand:adaptedj toy be vopened or; closed. by :removable covers' 42.

Ther expansionljoints 43 laccommodate any expansion or contractionresulting-- from the 'employment of the steam in the ducts'24, 25. The invention ashereinabove/-setlforth is lembodied in* a particular.v form, of construction butl may. be; variously embodied within What I claim is:- z

in combination: a plurality offlong, high, narrow, 'horizontal' coking chambers; heating walls forming thcsides of said coking chambers and respectively adapted to iinico' 1. Infacoke oven ofthe by-product type, f

part cokingheat laterally to tl'ic{\'ertieiil' sides of .a .mass of earbonaceous -Inaterial -within each of such cokin'g chambers: a pair of ducts located in the refractory structure of the bottom of and extending longitudinally with respect to each cokiiig chamber,

the ducts of each pair being respectively lo,

4cated on opposite -sides of the longitudinal center of the adjoining coking chamber and slightly displaced inward of the sides ofthe latter and each duct communicating by a series of ports with the interior. 'of the coking chamber whereby steam may be injected into .the coked portion of the carbonaceous maing wall for said cokiiig chamber adapted to impart high coking heat to the contiguous surface of` a mass of carbouaceous material i within said coking chamber; a duct so. Io-"i cated in the coking .chamber with respect'to said heating surface as to deliver steam substantially to the outer cokedportion'sonly of said carbonaceous'materiali and a sourcev of steam supply; substantially as specified.

v 3.. In a coke oven of the by-product type,

fin combination: a coking chamber; a heating wall forsafid chamber adapted to im .part high cokin heat to carbonaceons matespectively forming the sidesof such'4 coking chamber and respectively adapted to impart eokingl heat laterally to the vertical sides of a mass of carbonaceous material `contained Within such coking chamber; andA means, lo-

-cated inthe refractory structure of the bot-' tom ofvsuchfcolring chamber, for introducingsteam in series of jets respectively 1ocated on' opposite sides of the longitudinal center of such coking chamber and so direct- -ed as to inject-steam into lthe coked portion only .of the carbonaceous materiahfsubstan- .tially as specified.-

5. The nnprovement'in `the art of coking carbonaceous material, such as coal, which' consists in applyingia high cokin heat to,

the side of a mass'of such materia and injecting steam through the coked side of the carbonaceous material Without. substantially penetrating' thefunc'oked core thereof; substantially as s peeiiied.

6.l The improvement in the art ofcolring carbonaceous material, such as coal, which consists in applying a coking heat laterally to the opposite vertical sides ot' a lon'g,'high narrow mass of such material, and, during; the latterfportionjof the coking period, in-,., jectin'gl steam through the bottom of the mass of such material on each side of its lon, gitudinalcnter in a manner to cause it sbstantiall lto penetrate the outer or coked sides only ofthe carbonaceous material; s'ubstantially as specified.

7.v In the coking of coal, -or other carbonaceous material in horizontal chamber ovens in 'which the heating is applied from the opposite sidewalls thereof so that the heating and 'coking of the material progresses inwardlyjfrom the'op'posite sides of the mass, i the improvement characterized by4 injectinr steam into the substantially or nearly coke mass toward the end of the coking simultaneously from the oppositel sides of the cen-4 tral vertical plane of the mass, to induce Wa' ter gas reaction in the relatively porous, substantially coked portions of the mass, but to avoid the contact of thesteamwith fused material in the center of the mass. I

Y l8. In'the coking of Coah or other carbonai 4ceous material in horizontal chamber ovens in which the heating is applied from the op= posite side walls thereof so that the heating and .coking of the material pro resses in- Wardly from the o posite sides o the mass, the-improvement characterized by injecting steam toward the end of the coking into-the snbs'tantiallyor nearly coked mass simultaneously from the bottom of 'and vertically into the opposite sides of.- the central' Vertr cal plane of the mass, to induce Water .gas

reaction in the relatively/ porous, substantially coked portions-.of the mass, but-to rial in the center ofthe mass.

9. Axsteam cap for coke 'oven floors com-Q1, prising a casting adapted to forma continu- L= passage-vvays leading to prising a casting adapted to -form a continuoor, provided with a,

B0v avoid contact of the steam'with fused mate- 11. A steam lcap-for coke' oven floors corn'- i ation of the oven floor, provided with 'steam passage-ways therethrough and means perl mitting inspection of one of. the steam passageways f l In testimony whereof, I have hereunto. setnliy' handto the foregoingl specification and' c alms. c

JOSEPH vA'N'ACKERNEN-i. y

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