US1582349A - Fuel-saving device - Google Patents

Description

April 27, 1926. 1,582,349

- N. J. RUSSELL FUEL SAVING DEVI CE Fileduarch 19 z sheets-Sheet 1 2 April 27 1926. 2 1,582,349

' N. J. RUSSELL l FUEL SAVNG DEVICE Filed 19, 1925 2 Sheets-5heet 2 Y tions and arrangements of parts hereinafter Patented pr. A27, 1926.`

UNITED sra.ras

PATENT OFFICE,

NELSON J'. RUSSELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLIuO-rs.

Application ined Marchas, 18e-5. serial No, 16,590.

To all 'whom t may concern v l Be it known that I, NELSON J. RUssnLL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident ot' the city oit Chicago, county ot Cook, and.

State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in` Fuel-Saving Devices, of which the 'following is a specification. y

My invention relates to a fuel saving device, and particularly to a device of this lrindwhich is arranged for mounting in the irepot of a furnace or boiler for conductingair from the grate through the burning fueland to the top of said liuel, thus providing for the complete combustion of gases atthetop` of they't'uel in theiire pot; and the main object of the inyention is to provide an air conveying member withV insulating means thcrearound and with protecting casing placed around'` said insulating means totally protect the same, and thereby to protect ksaid conveying means, thusl pro-- longing the lite of the insulating means as Well as jot the air conveyingvmeans.

Other objects will appear hereinater-k, rheuinvemtion consists in the` combinadescribed and', claimed. *l .Y y y The invention vwill vbe vbest understood by reference tothe `accon'ipzuiying draxvingsl :forming a part ot'gthis specification, and in which, 1 f

Fig lisan ele partly broken away, showing my invention mounted in position therein; f

FigzQ, is an enlarged horizontal crosssectional view oi the invention, taken on line 2 2 ort-Fig. l; Fig. 3 is an enlarged.. vertical sectional view of the invention, taken on line SiS ofFigl; y A F ig.` 4 kis a slightly reduced plan view-ot the invention illustrated in Fig. `3, with a part of thecover broken aW- a-y; and e Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional vievv, takenV on the line 5 5v ot Fig.V 3,]being slightly reduced. Y

ln the drawingslv 4have shownk my invention mounted on a grate 10 and iny theiire pot ll of a boiler '12, its :upper end entending suiiiciently high inthefirepot to be aboyethetop or head ofthe fuel ltherein.

The form of invention asxillustrated pref.-

erably comprises, agconduit. pro\fidedl VWith a. base .port-ion l5 arranged to be rational vieivof a. boiler,I

mounted and supported on the grate 10, and being opened at "the lower end for re-v ceiving air through said grate, a.nd,ve1'ti cal strengthening plates 15 are extended` inwardly `from said base as shown. Baiiie means are provided on the interiorgof the conduit tor conducting or transferring the heat `from the Walls of the conduit toiv'ard the interior thereoiz 'so as to thoroughly and effectively heat kthe air passing up through the conduit and are also arranged to be effective in detlecting theascending heated air current vthrough said conduit. V rFliese baille means preferably include cross plates or diaphragins 16 extending across the eonduit,A and substantially vertical plates/17 extending inwardly from the Walls of the conduit to points near the center line there? Ot, as best shown inlligs.y 2.and 3, .thus

leaving a central spacexlS between said ver tical plates for the 'free upward passage or".4 air, andthe rcross plates 1G are alternately provided the one With a central Opening 19..y and the succeeding one with a plurality oi non-central openings 2Q and placed in stagf gered relation to the central Openings i9 in the adjacent plates, as shown in Fig. 3. This arrangen'ient of the various baille elements thus causes the heat to be radiated and conducted inward from the .ialls, of 'the conduit 14? and to be thoroughly transferred f to the. air which is deiiefcted by said baHle means in its'passage through the conduit, and this arrangement, byftransferring the heat from' thewconduit inwardly, is thus etl'ectiveVV in prolonging the lite ot the conduit by preventing burning up thereof.v

A cOverQl is provided andhas an inward-v ly extendingtlangelY which engages within thewall of theconduit l1t, and this cover is preferably iirmly fastened on the conduit as by means of bolts 23 havingnuts 24,011 `the outer side to bereadily removed for withr drawing the` boltsA and` allowing convenient removal of the coverand replacing thereof it the same is burntfup rorotherivise dainaged. Openingsor perforations Q5` are providedaround the side oiythe cylindrical parto'lE the cover for directing the air laterally into the gasesvabove ltheytuel 13. A

projection or thickened portion 26r is' provided on the inner lside ot' the top of the 1G, and is effect-ive in additionally heating the air rising through the conduit and in deflecting it outwardly through the openings 25. This portion is preferably made solid so as to prevent burning down, as the air is extremely hot when it reaches this portion QG, which acts as a hot-spot and additionally heats the air deflected thereby and acts as a neutralizer for keeping thc air neutrally hot as it passes out of the openings Q5. is this air rises through the conduit it is heated and expanded to an increasing degree and thus rushes forcefully out of said openings 25 to thoroughly mingle with the gases which form at the top of the fuel 13. t

is the heatin the fire pot is extreme, it is apparent that the walls of the conduit are apt to be burnt through, I therefore provide protecting means around the walls of the conduit so as to shield the same from a considerable portion of the excessive heat and thus to prolong the life thereof. This protecting means or shielding means preferably consists of a casing or container 27 which is mounted around the walls of the conduit and spaced therefrom to provide a space 2S between it and said conduit for the circulation of air, and openings 29 are preferably also 0 vided between the upper end of said casing and the cover 21 and the conduit 14, said heated air also mingling with the gases is-v suing from the burning fuel. Said casing 2T is supported on the base 15 and is preferably fastened to the container, as by means of bolts 31 and spacing sleeves 32 and nuts 33 which are placed on the inside of the conduit to preventburning up thereof and to permit loosening and removing the saine through the grate when opened` The protecting and shielding means preferably also incmdes a non-conductor of heat or heat insulating means 34, placed in the space 28 around the conduit, and this insulating means may be in the forni of one or more sheets of asbestos or may be of any suitable insulating means desired, and preferably being so arranged that an air space is also provided between the casing andconduit to permit the air ascending from the bottom opening 29 through the upper opening 30, thus continually cooling the air and any other non-conducting means existing in said space 28 and preventing the conduit from being'overheated or burnt up. This casing is constructed of a material or metal which will resist heat to a considerably greater degree than the conduit, and is preferably made of metal such as wrought iron or wrought steel, which has a considerably higher point of fusion and of softening than has the conduit, which is preferably, constructed of cast iron.

It is apparent from the above disclosure that with a protecting means as set forth above, the main construction or air conveying or heating means, is entirely protected and prevented from being burnt up, and it is apparent that the casing d7 protects not only the conduit with its contained elements, but more particularly protects the heat insulating means 311C or the means which is usually employed -for protecting the main mechanism or air conveying means and which in other constructions, without the use of such casing, is readily caclrcd or broken up and destroyed; and it is furthermore apparent that this casing 27 may bc readily removed when damaged by heat and may be replaced by a new one, by raising it upwardly along said conduit and cover, and likewise that the cover 21 may be removed aifd replaced, all while the main construction, which is more expensive, is entirely protected and can be retained. If ashes 0r soot finds its way into the space 2S, this is invariably porous, permitting the air to ascend therethrough, and will thus only act as an additional insulation, and the insulating means 34- can be used in the form of a thick or a thin member, thus the insulating means of proper resistance may be used, or may be entirely omitted, so as to pern'iit the exact amount of heat from the burn ing fuel in the lire pot to be transferred through the casing 27 to the conduit, to be transferred from its wall through the battle elements 16 and 17 to the air. ascending through the device and pass through the top of the burning fuel to mingle with the fuel gases. This insulating means 3a may be readily removed by drawing it upwardly along the conduit and cover, similar to re moving the casing 27.

Thile I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. I,

therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims. Y

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. i fuel saving device for a furnace, comprising means for mounting the device on the furnace grate and including a conduit and casing of greater heat resisting material than said conduit mounted about said conduit and providing a space therearound adapted to receive a nonconductor of heat,

said conduit having openings adjacent its ing at its top and acting asv aprotectien 'for said conduit and said nonconductor.

Q. A device oi' the class described comprising a conduit with ybase means for re-l movably mounting the device on a lurnace grate and being open at the bottom lor receiving air through said grate, a casing mounted around said conduit to rest on said base means and being spaced from said Aoonduit and readily removable therefrom, said conduit having openings to admit air from said base means to said space, and insulating means mounted Within said space.

2E. A device ol the class described comprising a cylindrical conduit having'bal'lle elements therein which are formed integral With t-lie conduit, said elements including a plurality of diaphragmsprovided With openings which are staggered in the alternating diaphragins and a plurality of integral vertical plates extending inwardly from the conduit between each pair ol' diaphragms.

A. A conduit provided with baille elements .lor detlecting the air passing there-through, and for transferring the heat from the Walls of the conduit to the interiory thereof, the upper one of said baille elements having a central opening, a cover mounted on said conduit and having an integral conical del'lecting member beneath the top thereol with a central depending' point positioned above a central opening in the upper one of said baille elements,

5. A device of the class described comprising a conduit having diaphragms with openings therein, and having cross plates alternating with said diaphragm, and a cover removably mounted on said conduit and having a central detlecting element mounted on its inner side with the lower point ol said element vextending adjacent to and over a central opening in the upper diaphragm, there being Side openingsin the Walls `of said cover for the lateral exit of the .deflected air.

(i. A device of the classldescribed comprising a-conduit With base means removably iounted on a grate and being open at'the bottom for receiving air through said grate,

a' cover removably mount-ed on the' top of said conduit, a casing mounted around said conduit to rest on said base means and being spaced Yfrom said conduit and being readilyy phragms with perforations and plates ei:-

vtending inwardly from said conduit which alternatewvith said diaphragme, apcover removably mount-ed on said conduit and having an integral member with a downwardly projecting point for deflecting air through openings provided in said cover, insulating means removably mounted around said conduit and a casing removably mounted around said insulating means to protect the same.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specilication.

NELSON J. RUSSELL.

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